“The  Father  of  Waters  again  goes  unvexed  to  the  sea.’ 


INDIANA  AT  VICKSBURG 


Published  pursuant  to  an  act 
of  the 

SIXTY-SIXTH  GENERAL  ASSEMBLY 
Approved  March  5,  1909. 


By  the 

INDIANA  - VICKSBURG  MILITARY  PARK  COMMISSION 


Compiled  by 

HENRY  C.  ADAMS,  Jr. 

INDIANAPOI.IS 


1910 


INDIANAPOLIS  : 

WM.  B.  BURFORD,  CONTRACTOR  FOR  STATE  PRINTING  AND  BINDING 

1911 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2017  with  funding  from 
Duke  University  Libraries 


https://archive.org/details/indianaatvicksbu01indi_0 


913.  73  4-4* 

1 m 


Governor  Thomas  R.  Marshall,  Indiana. 


Letter  of  Transmittal. 


To  Hon.  Thomas  R.  Marshall,  Governor  of  the  State  of  Indiana: 

Sir — The  undersigned  members  of  the  Indiana-Vicksburg  Mili- 
tary Park  Commission,  appointed  under  authority  of  an  act  ap- 
proved March  2.  1907,  herewith  submit  to  you  this  report,  shoving’ 
in  detail  the  work  accomplished  by  said  Commission  in  the  erection 
of  monuments  commemorating  the  services  of  Indiana  troops  which 
participated  in  the  campaign  and  siege  of  Vicksburg,  March  29  to 
July  4.  1863.  , 

This  report  is  published  as  provided  for  in  an  act  approved 
March  5,  1909. 

R espectfully  sul  imitted, 

Henry  C.  Adams,  26th  Ind.  Inf.,  President. 

George  F.  McGinnis,  Brigadier  General. 

John  "W.  Sale,  67th  Ind.  Inf..  Treasurer. 

Lewis  C.  Moore,  93d  Ind.  Inf. 

Maberry  M.  Lacey,  69th  Ind.  Inf.,  Secretary. 


(7) 


Contents 


PAGE 

Letter  of  Transmittal  to  Governor  Marshall 7 

Introductory  11 

Memorial.  George  F.  McGinnis  12 

Memorial,  Henry  C.  Adams 13 

Vicksburg  National  Military  Park  15 

Vicksburg  National  Cemetery  23 

Indiana  Circle  27 

History  of  the  Campaign  and  Siege 29 

General  Summary  of  Casualties,  March  29-July  4 40 

Position  Tablet  Inscriptions 41 

Park  Inscriptions  63 

Summary  of  Union  Commands  . 138 

Summary  of  Confederate  Commands  139 

Report  of  General  U.  S.  Grant 143 

The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg 173 

Regimental  Histories  197 

Casualties  of  Indiana  Commands  at  Vicksburg 405 

Report  of  the  Commission  406 

Dedication  Ceremonies  433 

Appropriation  Act  467 

Acknowledgement  469 

List  of  Illustrations 470 

Index  472 


Indiana-Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission. 


Introductory. 


To  our  comrades,  fallen  and  surviving,  who  served  at  Vicksburg 
in  ’63  this  volume  is  affectionately  dedicated.  As  servants  of  our 
State  and  representatives  of  the  soldiery  involved,  we  have  en- 
deavored to  fittingly  perpetuate  in  granite  and  bronze  the  memory 
of  your  services  in  the  trenches  and  on  the  line  of  battle  during 
that  long  struggle  with  a worthy  foe. 

The  monuments  herein  described  have  been  located  at  advan- 
tageous points  along  the  avenues  of  the  beautiful  national  park, 
and  fifty-three  markers  placed  at  the  camp  sites,  on  the  sharpshoot- 
ers’ line,  and  at  positions  of  farthest  advance  occupied  by  the  vari- 
ous commands  during  the  assaults  of  May  19  and  22,  1863.  The 
positions  were  in  most  cases  determined  by  members  of  the  various 
commands  who  accompanied  the  Commission  on  the  visit  to  the  park 
for  that  purpose,  and  have  been  authenticated  by  record. 

Each  monument  bears  upon  its  face  a bronze  tablet  showing  the 
designation  of  the  regiment,  its  commanding  officers,  the  events 
engaged  in  and  the  casualties  suffered.  Unfortunately,  in  some 
instances  there  is  no  report  of  the  latter. 

It  was  desired  that  the  history  of  each  command  in  this  volume 
should  have  been  written  by  a member  of  the  organization  itself, 
and  in  many  cases  this  was  done.  When  a member  willing  to 
undertake  tliis  work  could  not  be  found  the  history  was  compiled 
from  the  reports  of  Adjutant  General  Terrell.  To  those  who  wrote 
t'he  histories  the  Commission  is  grateful.  The  casualties  during 
service  have  been  compiled  from  Dyer’s  Compendium. 

Comrades,  we  should  be  grateful  to  our  State;  to  the  Legisla- 
tures of  1903,  1907  and  1909 ; and  to  Governor  W.  T.  Durbin,  Gov- 
ernor J.  Frank  Ilanly,  and  Governor  Thomas  R.  Marshall  for  their 
kindness  and  interest  in  this  memorial,  which  is  so  dear  to  the  heart 
of  every  man  who  stood  before  the  besieged  city  of  Vicksburg  in 
1863. 


(ID 


In  Q^emoriam. 


General  George  F.  McGinnis  died  at  his  home  at  Indianapolis, 
Indiana,  May  29,  1910. 

He  was  born  in  Boston,  Massachusetts,  March  12,  1826.  His 
youth  was  spent  in  Hampden,  Maine,  and  Chillicothe,  Ohio.  He 
resided  at  the  latter  place  at  the  time  of  the  breaking  out  of  the 
Mexican  War. 

At  the  age  of  twenty  years  he  enlisted  in  Company  A,  Second 
Ohio  Volunteers,  for  service  in  Mexico,  and  received  a commission 
as  first  lieutenant.  In  1847.  his  term  of  enlistment  expiring,  he 
returned  to  his  home.  He  was  commissioned  captain  of  Company 
K,  Fifth  Ohio  Volunteers,  and  returned  to  Mexico.  He  was  not 
yet  of  age,  reaching  his  majority  south  of  the  Rio  Grande. 

At  the  termination  of  the  Mexican  War  he  returned  to  Chilli- 
cothe and  in  February,  3 850,  removed  to  Indianapolis,  residing  in 
that  city  when  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  was  declared.  When 
President  Lincoln  issued  the  first  call  for  troops  he  was  one  of 
the  first  to  respond,  enlisting  as  a private  in  the  Eleventh  Indiana 
Volunteers,  Lew  Wallace,  colonel.  He  was  made  captain  of  Com- 
pany K April  16,  1861 ; lieutenant  colonel,  April  25,  1861.  and  was 
mustered  out  August  4,  1861,  the  Eleventh  being  for  three  months’ 
service.  The  regiment  immediately  re-enlisted  for  three  years,  and 
he  became  lieutenant  colonel.  He  was  promoted  to  colonel  Septem- 
ber 3,  1861.  and  was  appointed  brigadier  general  May  2,  1863. 

Commanding  the  First  Brigade,  Twelfth  Division,  Thirteenth 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  he  took  an  active  part  in  the  cam- 
paign and  siege  of  Vicksburg,  participating  in  the  battles  of  Port 
Gibson  and  Champion’s  Hill,  his  brigade  suffering  heavy  losses. 

He  was  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war  and  returned  to 
Indianapolis,  which  city  he  made  his  home  until  he  died. 

He  was  a member  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  the 
Mexican  War  Veterans’  Association,  George  LI.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A. 
R.,  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  and  was  Vice-Presi- 
dent of  the  Indiana-Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission. 


(12) 


3n  Spemoriam. 


Henry  C.  Adams  died  at  his  home  at  Indianapolis,  November 
14,  1910. 

He  Avas  born  in  Marion  County,  near  Indianapolis,  April  8, 
1844.  His  boyhood  A\  a,s  passed  in  Indianapolis,  and  when  the  Civil 
War  broke  out  he  endeavored  to  enlist.  He  finally  gained  admis- 
sion to  the  Twenty-sixth  Indiana  Volunteers,  being  at  the  time  a 
feAv  months  past  se\renteen  years,  and  on  August  20.  1861,  was  mus- 
tered in  as  a musician  in  Company  I,  of  that  regiment. 

He  soon  gained  a position  in  the  ranks  as  a private  soldier,  and 
was  appointed  corporal,  sergeant  and  first  sergeant.  He  was  com- 
missioned second  lieutenant  and  mustered  as  such  January  9,  1865. 
During  the  summer  of  1865  he  served  as  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff 
of  General  M.  F.  Force,  at  Jackson,  Mississippi.  He  AA'as  appointed 
first  lieutenant  on  January  3.  1866,  but  \A'as  ne\rer  mustered  on  this 
commission. 

His  military  service  Avas  almost  AAdiolly  in  the  South  and  South- 
west: in  1861.  in  the  Fremont  campaign  against  Price;  in  1862,  in 
Missouri  and  Arkansas,  under  General  Schofield;  and  under  Gen- 
eral Herron  in  the  battles  of  Prairie  Grove  and  Van  Buren,  Arkan- 
sas. He  Avas  in  Herron’s  Division  of  the  Army  of  the  Frontier  at 
the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  and  in  1864  participated  in  the  campaign 
and  siege  of  Spanish  Fort,  Fort  Blakely  and  Mobile,  Alabama. 

He  was  mustered  out  of  the  service  January  25.  1866. 

He  was  a member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  the 
Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  serving  as  Commander  of  the 
Indiana  Commandery  in  1909;  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the 
Tennessee,  and  President  of  the  IndiamuViclwburg  Military  Park 
Commissions  of  1903  and  1907. 


(13) 


A Landscape  in  the  Park — Showing  the  Illinois  State  Memorial  and  Shirley  House. 


The  Vicksburg  National  Military  Park. 


The  Act  of  Congress  authorizing  the  establishment  of  the  Vicks- 
burg National  Military  Park  was  signed  by  President  McKinley 
February  21,  1899.  In  conformity  with  its  provisions,  on  March 
1st  of  that  year  the  Secretary  of  War  appointed  Lieut.  Gen.  Ste- 
phen D.  Lee,  C.  S.  Army;  Capt.  William  T.  Rigby,  veteran  of  the 
24th  Iowa  Infantry,  and  Capt.  James  G.  Everest,  veteran  of  the 
13th  Illinois  Infantry,  commissioners,  for  inaugurating  and  carry- 
ing on  the  work  under  his  direction.  Past  Ccmmander-in-Chief 
G.  A.  R.  John  S.  Ivountz  was  elected  secretary  and  historian  by  the 
Commission,  and  the  choice  was  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 
General  Lee  died  May  28,  1908,  and  Capt.  Lewis  Guiou,  veteran  of 
the  26th  Louisiana  Infantry,  was  appointed  to  succeed  him.  Sec- 
retary and  Historian  Kountz  died  June  14.  1909. 

The  park  commemorates  the  campaign,  siege  and  defense  of 
Vicksburg,  beginning  March  29th  and  ending  July  4,  1863.  It  con- 
tains 1.288  acres,  and  practically  includes  the  fighting  ground  of 
the  siege  and  defense  operations,  from  May  18th  to  July  4th.  These 
consisted  of  two  assaults  by  the  Union  army,  on  May  19th  and  22d ; 
the  siege  operations  of  that  army  from  May  23d  to  July  4th,  and  the 
heroic  defense  of  the  Confederate  army  under  General  Pemberton. 
The  service  of  the  Confederate  army  assembled  after  May  14th. 
with  headquarters  at  Jackson.  Mississippi,  under  General  Johnston, 
and  the  service  of  the  part  of  the  Union  army  opposed  to  Johnston 
during  the  latter  part  of  the  siege,  are  included  in  the  park  work. 
These  outside  operations  and  the  five  battles  preceding  the  invest- 
ment of  Vicksburg  are  described  by  historical  tablet  inscriptions. 
The  siege  and  defense  operations  are  commemorated  in  the  same 
way,  and  also  by  position  tablets  and  markers  established  in  the 
exact  places  where  the  operations  were  carried  on.  The  nature  of 
the  operations  commemorated  and  marked  in  this  way  give  a dis- 
tinctive character  to  the  Vicksburg  Park.  The  main  part  of  the 
battlefield  is  bounded  on  the  inside  by  Confederate  avenue,  closely 
following  the  line  of  defense,  and  on  the  outside  by  Union  avenue, 
closely  following  the  first  parallel  (trench)  of  the  Union  army. 
The  park  picture,  therefore,  has  definite  and  exact  boundaries.  As 


(15) 


16 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


the  approaches,  the  second  and  the  third  parallels  of  the  Union 
army  were  made  from  its  first  trench,  none  of  the  details  of  the 
picture  are  mixed  or  confusing.  The  student  easily  follows  them 
from  point  to  point  with  absorbing  interest.  The  deployment  of 
the  two  opposed  armies  is  plainly  marked  on  the  respective  avenues 
by  tablets  and  monuments.  The  Confederate  line  of  defense  is 
plainly  shown  by  150  markers;  the  Union  trenches  and  approaches 
are  traced  through  their  respective  lines  by  363  markers.  There- 
fore, a drive  in  the  park  of  a few  hours  gives  a good  idea  of  the 
nature  and  extent  of  the  operations,  the  way  in  which  they  were 
pushed  forward  and  opposed,  and  the  names  of  the  commands  en- 
gaged on  each  side. 

The  aggregate  length  of  the  park  roadway  is  thirty  miles,  and 
includes  the  two  principal  avenues  (Union  and  Confederate), 
eleven  secondary  avenues  (Grant,  Sherman,  Pemberton,  Connect- 
ing, Illinois,  Indiana,  Iowa,  Kentucky,  Louisiana,  Pennsylvania, 
Wisconsin),  thirty  short  circles  (Johnston,  Logan,  Maloney,  Pem- 
berton, Sherman,  Navy,  Observation,  Tilghman,  Memorial,  Ala- 
bama, Arkansas,  Florida,  Georgia,  Illinois,  Illinois  Memorial,  Indi- 
ana, Iowa,  Kansas,  Louisiana,  Maryland,  Minnesota,  Mississippi, 
Missouri,  New  York,  North  Carolina,  Ohio,  South  Carolina,  Ten- 
nessee, Texas,  Virginia,  Wisconsin),  and  sections  of  the  public 
roads  of  this  county.  Five  secondary  avenues  (Grant,  Sherman, 
Kentucky,  Louisiana,  Pennsylvania)  and  the  short  circles  give  indi- 
viduality and  increased  appropriateness  to  the  respective  sites  for 
memorials,  monuments,  statues  and  towers,  that  have  been  or  will 
be,  placed  in  the  park.  Sixteen  bridges  have  been  built,  twelve  on 
Union  avenue,  three  on  Confederate  avenue,  one  at  Battery  Ma- 
loney ; six  steel  and  ten  reinforced  concrete. 

There  are  896  tablets  of  all  kinds  in  the  park,  all  by  the  United 
States ; 568  Union,  328  Confederate ; 30  bronze,  866  iron ; 162  his- 
torical, 197  battery,  227  Union  trench  markers,  150  Confederate 
trench  markers,  136  Union  approach  markers,  19  headquarters,  5 
mortuary.  The  avenues,  circles  and  sections  of  public  roads  are 
marked  by  120  guideboards.  The  Commission  has  mounted  127 
guns  at  the  old  battery  sites,  like  the  ones  used  at  each  during  the 
siege  and  defense;  65  Union,  62  Confederate,  114  field,  13  siege. 

Congress  has  appropriated  $1,175,000  for  the  park,  including 
$150,000  for  the  construction  of  a memorial  at  the  Battery  Self- 
riclge,  commemorative  of  the  service  of  the  Union  navy,  at  a cost  not 
to  exceed  $200,000.  The  work  has  been  contracted  for  and  its  total 


Vicksburg  National  Military  Park. 


17 


cost  will  be  less  than  $150,000.  Fourteen  States  have  appropriated 
for  the  park  as  follows:  Alabama,  $25,000;  Illinois,  $260,000;  In- 
diana, $38,000;  Iowa.  $150,000:  Massachusetts,  $5,000;  Michigan, 
$20,000;  Minnesota,  $25,500;  Mississippi,  $50,000;  New  Hampshire, 
$5,000;  New  York,  $12,500;  Ohio,  $56,000;  Pennsylvania,  $15,000; 
Rhode  Island,  $5,000;  Wisconsin,  $130,000;  total,  $797,000.  These 
appropriations  provide  for  twelve  state  memorials,  159  regimental 


/ ' ,£****  **'**?*■  t4**  wsragise «8P'vtch£ism!. 

_ . - Jl-  nil£  UtCIOlC  U/A'\.  birtiiCli  3J  - < 

If}  ~x  sm*»  a** , 

///  ^ £&  -a-  ™ ssisS  Jbssgg 

, iti ; A^ut-  :u  L(-Pi.  J tfiSSiSilST  'dtfwyaator  ixa-  uaiiai 

-7 1 ’‘sajai/o.  onuxtaai'  * iti/tf^p  iuaaw?  i^a»u»aaji. Alii 

/ss^^SiSsussasaS  *S“® 

■SSiiSs 

TO* I 


Union  Navy  Tablet — Illustrative  of  the  896  Tablets  Placed  in  the  Park 
by  the  United  States. 


and  battery  monuments  (for  198  organizations)  and  about  274 
markers.  Additional  to  these,  Louisiana  has  given  the  park  twelve 
monuments  (for  twenty-seven  organizations),  costing  $1,801.80; 
Missouri,  three  monuments  (two  Union  each  for  one  organization, 
one  Confederate  for  fifteen  organizations)  and  three  markers  (two 
Union,  one  Confederate),  costing  $1,230.70;  Tennessee,  one  monu- 
ment for  six  organizations,  costing  $171;  and  Virginia,  one  monu- 
ment for  the  Botetourt  Artillery  Company,  costing  $690 ; total. 


12] 


18 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


$3,893.50.  In  most  eases  these  gifts  were  made  in  anticipation  of 
and  to  encourage  liberal  appropriations  by  the  respective  legisla- 
tures for  state  memorials  in  the  Vicksburg  Park ; in  the  case  of 


Park  Observation  Tower,  Three  of  which  have  been  Erected 
at  a cost  of  $30,000. 


Louisiana,  by  parish  police  jury,  city  of  New  Orleans  and  individ- 
ual contributions ; in  all  other  cases,  solely  by  individual  contribu- 
tions. There  are  444  memorials,  monuments  and  markers  in  the 
park  or  under  construction,  by  States  and  as  gifts;  404  Union,  40 


Vicksburg  National  Military  Park. 


19 


Confederate.  About  100  more  can  be  reasonably  expected,  from 
the  other  States  that  had  organizations  (number  stated  in  each 
case)  engaged  in  the  operations  commemorated  by  the  park, 
namely : Arkansas,  15 ; Florida,  3 ; Georgia.  21 ; Kansas,  1 ; Ken- 
tucky, 12 ; Louisiana.  41 ; Missouri,  42 ; Maryland,  1 ; North  Caro- 
lina, 3;  South  Carolina,  12;  Tennessee,  29;  Texas,  15;  West  Vir- 
ginia. 1.  Kentucky  and  Missouri  had  troops  engaged  in  both 
armies;  each,  doubtless,  will  give  the  park  a fine  joint  memorial, 
Union-Confederate. 

Two  portrait  bronze  statues  are  in  place,  both  Confederate ; 
Lieut.  Gen.  Stephen  D.  Lee,  full  length  figure,  given  by  his  son  and 
friends  in  twenty-seven  States,  and  Brig.  Gen.  Isham  W.  Garrott. 
bust,  given  by  his  sons.  S.  B.  aud  John  F.  Five  more  are  assured 
for  the  park  (Union : Col.  William  F.  Aulas,  full  length  figure, 
given  by  Airs.  William  F.  Allas  and  their  daughter,  Airs.  Alary 
Allas  Hanks;  Capt.  Andrew  Hickenlooper,  full  length  figure,  given 
by  his  family.  Confederate : Brig.  Gen.  Lloyd  Tilghman,  eques- 
trian. given  by  his  sons.  Sidell  and  Frederick  B. ; Lieut.  Gen.  John 

C.  Pemberton,  equestrian,  given  by  his  son,  Frank  R. ; Col.  James 
H.  Jones,  bust,  given  by  his  family  and  friends).  Eight  portrait 
tablets  are  assured  (Union:  Col.  Joseph  J.  Woods,  given  by  his 
family;  Col.  James  R.  Slack,  given  by  Sculptor  Adolph  A.  Wein- 
man. Confederate,  given  by  Louisiana  parish  police  juries;  Gens. 
Louis  Hebert  and  Francis  A.  Slioup ; Cols.  Edward  Higgins,  Leon 

D.  Alarks.  Robert  Richardson  and  Allen  Thomas). 

Portrait  statues  or  tablets  of  Indiana  field  officers  are  desired 
as  follows : 

Of  division  commanders.  Brig.  Gen.  A.  P.  Hovey,  Brig.  Gen.  N. 
Kimball,  Brig.  Gen.  J.  C.  Sullivan  (3)  ; of  brigade  commanders. 
Brig.  Gen.  G.  F.  AIcGinnis.  Brig.  Gen.  AV  P.  Benton,  Col.  H.  D. 
Washburn.  Col.  D.  Shunk,  Col.  J.  R.  Slack  (portrait  tablet  se- 
cured), Col.  J.  Keigwin,  Col.  AV.  T.  Spicelv,  Col.  J.  I.  Alexander 
(8)  ; of  field  officers.  Lieut.  Col.  W.  Swaim,  24th.  mortally  wounded 
Alay  16th;  Alaj.  J.  C.  Jenks,  18th.  mortally  wounded  Alav  22d;  Maj. 
J.  H.  Finley.  69tb.  mortally  wounded  Alay  22d  (3)  ; total  for  Indi- 
ana, 14. 

It  is  reasonable  to  expect,  in  the  near  future,  and  as  gifts  by 
relatives  and  friends,  statues  of  Generals  Grant.  Logan.  Osterhaus, 
Buekland  (Union)  and  Forney  (Confederate).  The  Commission 
is  in  correspondence  with  the  friends  of  many  other  officers,  Union 
and  Confederate,  engaged  in  the  operations  commemorated  by  the 


20 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


park,  and  is  very  hopeful  of  favorable  responses  in  some  cases.  It 
is  expected  that  the  Minnesota  legislature  will  appropriate  for  a 
statue  of  General  Baldwin ; the  Nebraska  legislature  for  a statue  of 
General  Thayer;  the  New  York  legislature  for  a statue  of  General 
Potter;  the  Pennsylvania  legislature  for  a statue  of  General  Parks, 
and  that  other  state  legislatures  will  make  like  appropriations.  The 
attention  of  wealthy  Americans  is  being  invited  to  the  creditable 
opportunity  offered  by  this  feature  of  the  park  work  for  patriotic 
donations. 


Bridge  on  Union  Avenue. 


In  these  several  ways  the  Commission  hopes  to  secure  the  statue 
(equestrian,  standing  or  bust),  or  the  portrait  tablet,  of  each  gen- 
eral officer,  Union  and  Confederate,  engaged  in  this  campaign,  siege 
and  defense  of  Vicksburg  in  1863.  Each  will  be  placed  at  an  ap- 
propriate site  in  relation  to  the  line  of  the  command  during  the 
siege  and  defense,  of  the  officer  it  portrays.  When  these  hopes  have 
been  realized,  even  partially,  the  park  will  present  a most  attractive, 
inspiring  and  realistic  battlefield  picture. 

WRen  the  Union  Navy  Memorial  is  finished,  with  the  approval 
of  the  Secretary  of  War,  the  Commission  will  ask  the  Congress  to 


Vicksburg  National  Military  Park. 


21 


appropriate  for  the  construction  of  a memorial  on  the  area  in  the 
park  bounded  by  the  Louisiana  circle  and  the  Warrenton  road, 
commemorative  of  the  service  of  the  Confederate  Navy  on  the  Mis- 
sissippi River  and  its  tributaries  during  the  Civil  War.  at  a cost 
not  to  exceed  $125,000. 

William  T.  Rigby,  Chairman. 

Vicksburg.  Mississippi.  June  1,  1910. 


Main  Entrance — National  Military  Cemetery. 


A Driveway  in  the  Cemetery. 


The  National  Cemetery. 


The  National  Cemetery  at  Vicksburg,  fronting  the  river  and 
blending  into  the  northern  end  of  the  Military  Park,  although  not 
of  it,  was  established  in  1865.  Its  originally  beautiful  site  having 
thus  had  the  benefit  of  time  in  which  to  be  developed  and  appropri- 
ately softened  and  beautified  in  harmony  with  its  sacred  purpose,  it 
stands  today  one  of  the  most  parklike  and  pleasingly  impressive  of 
all  the  national  cemeteries.  With  the  possible  exception  of  Arling- 
ton Heights,  none  can  compare  with  it  in  beauty.  It  is  certainly 
one  of  the  most  magnificent  cemeteries  ever  devoted  to  the  inter- 
ment of  the  dead  soldiers  of  any  nation,  and  it  is  also  (except 
Arlington)  the  largest  of  the  eighty-two  established  and  maintained 
by  the  general  government  in  honor  of  its  valorous  defenders.  It 
contains  the  graves  of  16,822  Union  soldiers  who  lost  their  lives  in 
and  around  Vicksburg  during  the  Civil  AVar,  of  which  appalling 


A Bit  of  Scenery  in  the  Cemetery. 


number  12,719  are  “unknown. ” The  cemetery  is  a masterpiece  of 
landscape  engineering,  with  delightful  walks  and  drives,  with  ra- 
vines, terraces  and  plateaus,  and  with  long  avenues  of  trees,  mostly 
Spanish  oaks,  supplemented  with  tropical  plants  and  picturesque 
parterres  of  flowers.  The  grounds  occupy  what  was  once  the  sides 
and  crest  of  a forbidding  bluff  overlooking  the  river,  but  which  is 
now  a most  charming  series  of  terraces,  encircling  a beautiful 
plateau  from  which  is  had  a magnificent  view,  grand  in  extent  and 
variety,  including  the  serpentine  course  of  the  glittering  river,  its 
opposite  shore  fringed  with  verdant  forest. 


(23) 


Peace. 


(24) 


Indiana  Circle. 

The  knoll  in  the  background  has  been  selected  as  the  site  cf  the  proposed  State  Memorial. 


Indiana  Circle. 


On  the  opposite  page  is  pictured  Indiana  Circle,  the  spot  selected 
by  the  Vicksburg  National  Military  Park  Commission  as  the  site  for 
the  proposed  Indiana  State  Memorial.  This  location  is  a com- 
manding one  in  the  park,  and  is  in  the  very  heart  of  a colony  of 
Indiana  monuments.  From  its  elevation  can  be  seen  many  of  the 
interesting  views  of  the  park,  and  a beautiful  panorama  is  observed. 

It  is  within  easy  distance  of  the  old  camp  sites  of  the  following 
Indiana  commands : 8th,  11th,  16th,  18th,  24th,  34tli,  46th,  47th. 
49th,  54tli.  59th,  60tli,  67th  and  69th  Infantry,  1st  Battery  and  1st 
and  4th  Cavalry;  Hovey’s,  Keigwin ’s,  Slack’s,  McGinnis’s  and  Ben- 
ton’s headquarters  are  nearby. 

Surmounted  by  a beautiful  memorial,  as  some  day  it  must  be, 
and  surrounded  by  reminders  of  the  men  from  Indiana  who  went 
into  the  South  and  clamored  for  entrance  to  Vicksburg  during  those 
wean'  months,  it  surely  would  be  a.  place  for  a Hoosier  to  love  and 
revere. 


(28) 


Map  Illustrating  Movements  Leading  Up  to  the  Investment  of  Vicksburg. 


Historic  Vicksburg. 


THE  STORY  OF  THE  CAMPAIGN,  SIEGE  AND  DEFENSE  OF  VICKS- 
BURG AND  OF  THE  COMMANDS,  UNION  AND  CONFED- 
ERATE, ENGAGED  THEREIN. 

Compiled  from  the  Tablet  Inscriptions  in  the  Vicksburg  National  Military  Park. 

The  Vicksburg  campaign  opened  March  29.  1863,  with  General 
Grant’s  order  for  the  advance  of  General  Osterhaus’  Division  from 
M ill i ken’s  Bend,  and  closed  July  4,  1863,  with  the  surrender  of 
General  Pemberton’s  army  and  the  city  of  Vicksburg.  Its  course 
was  determined  by  General  Grant’s  daring  and  to  General  Pem- 
berton and  his  division  commanders’  seemingly  impossible  plan  of 
campaign.  This  plan  contemplated  the  march  of  his  army  from 
Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  to  a point  on  the  river  below  Vicks- 
burg, and  the  running  of  the  batteries  at  Vicksburg  by  a sufficient 
number  of  gunboats  and  transports,  and  the  transfer  of  the  army 
to  the  Mississippi  side.  These  preliminary  operations  were  suc- 
cessfully accomplished  and  the  first  battle  of  the  campaign  was 
fcuglit  near  Port  Gibson,  May  1.  The  Union  army,  under  com- 
mand of  Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant,  was  composed  of  the  Thirteenth 
Corps  and  Logan’s  division  of  the  Seventeenth  Corps.  The  Con- 
federate army,  under  command  of  Brig.  Gen.  John  S.  Bowen,  was 
composed  of  Tracy’s,  Cockrell’s,  Green’s  and  Baldwin’s  brigades, 
the  Sixth  Missouri  Infantry,  the  Botetourt  (Virginia)  Artillery 
and  a section  of  Hudson’s  (Mississippi)  Battery.  Most  of  the 
Confederate  regiments  made  forced  marches  to  reach  the  battle- 
field and  arrived  with  thinned  ranks.  Tracy’s  brigade  held  the 
right,  Green’s  and  the  Sixth  Mississippi  the  left  of  the  Confed- 
erate line.  The  battle  was  opened  at  an  early  hour  by  the  advance 
of  Carr’s  and  Hovey’s  divisions  on  the  right  and  Osterhaus’  on  the 
left  of  the  Union  line,  Smith’s  division  in  reserve.  The  Confeder- 
ate left  was  driven  back  about  10:00  a.  m.,  and  Baldwin’s  brigade, 
just  arrived,  formed  a new  line  about  one  and  one-half  miles  in  the 
rear  of  the  first  position.  Two  regiments,  just  arrived,  of  Cock- 
rell’s brigade,  were  posted  on  the  new  line;  Green’s  brigade  and 
one  regiment,  just  arrived,  of  Cockrell’s  brigade,  were  ordered  to 
the  Confederate  right,  which  had  retired  a little  from  its  first  posi- 


(29) 


30 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


lion.  The  First  Brigade  of  Logan’s  division  was  sent,  on  arrival, 
to  the  Union  left,  the  Third  reinforced  the  Union  right  and  Smith’s 
division  became  engaged;  the  Second  Brigade  of  Logan’s  division 
did  not  arrive  until  near  the  close  of  the  battle.  The  Confederate 
line  was  held  until  about  5 :30  p.  m.,  when  both  wings  were  driven 
from  their  positions  and  fell  back  across  Bayou  Pierre,  the  First 
and  Fourth  Missouri  Infantry  (consolidated)  of  Cockrell’s  brigade 
arriving  in  time  to  assist  in  covering  the  retreat.  Casualtes — 
Union:  Killed  131,  wounded  719,  missing  25,  total  875,  one  officer 
killed.  Confederate : Killed  56,  wounded  328,  missing  341,  total 
725,  Brig.  Gen.  E.  D.  Tracy  and  three  other  officers  killed. 

Up  to  that  time  General  Grant  had  contemplated  the  probabil- 
ity of  uniting  the  army  of  General  Banks  with  his  army.  He  then 
decided  not  to  await  the  arrival  of  Banks’  army,  and  the  march  to 
the  rear  of  Vicksburg,  by  way  of  Raymond  and  Jackson,  was  begun. 
The  next  engagement  was  at  Raymond,  May  12.  The  Union  army, 
under  command  of  Maj.  Gen.  James  B.  McPherson,  was  composed 
of  the  Third  and  Seventh  divisions,  Seventeenth  Corps.  The  Con- 
federate army,  under  command  of  Brig.  Gen.  John  Gregg,  was 
composed  of  Gregg’s  brigade  and  a scpiadron  of  Wirt  Adams’  cav- 
alry. The  battle  was  opened  by  the  advance  of  the  Third  Division, 
Maj.  Gen.  John  A.  Logan  commanding — Smith’s  brigade  on  the 
right,  Deunis’  on  the  left,  and  Stevenson’s  at  first  in  reserve,  but 
later  on  the  extreme  right.  The  Seventh  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  Mar- 
cellus  M.  Crocker  commanding,  formed  line  in  support  and  as  re- 
serve. The  Confederate  line  was  held  for  more  than  two  hours, 
when  the  brigade  fell  back,  mostly  in  good  order,  through  and 
beyond  the  town  of  Raymond.  Six  mounted  companies  of  the 
Third  Kentucky  (Confederate)  Infantry  arrived  at  the  close  of 
the  battle  and  assisted  in  covering  the  retreat.  Casualties — Union : 
Killed  66,  wounded  339,  missing  37,  total  442,  seven  officers  killed. 
Confederate:  Killed  73,  Avounded  251,  missing  190,  total  514,  nine 
officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  same  day  the  left  of 
Grant’s  army,  under  McClernand,  skirmished  at  Fourteen-Mile 
Creek  with  the  cavalry  and  mounted  infantry  of  Pemberton ’s  army, 
supported  by  Bowen’s  division  and  tAvo  brigades  of  Boring’s  di- 
vision. 

After  the  engagement  at  Raymond,  Sherman ’s  and  McPherson ’s 
corps  marched  toward  Jackson,  near  which  city  a brief  engagement 
occurred  May  14.  The  Union  army,  under  command  of  Maj.  Gen. 
U.  S.  Grant,  was  composed  of  Steele’s  and  Tuttle’s  divisions,  Fif- 
teenth Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  AVilliam  T.  Sherman  commanding;  and 


Historic  Vicksburg. 


31 


Logan’s  and  Crocker’s  divisions,  Seventeenth  Corps,  Maj.  Gen. 
James  B.  McPherson  commanding.  General  Grant  was  with  Gen- 
eral Sherman.  The  Confederate  army,  under  command  of  Brig. 
Gen.  John  Gregg,  was  composed  of  Gregg’s,  Gist’s  and  Walker’s 
brigades.  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston  was  in  the  city.  Gist’s 
brigade  was  posted  on  the  Clinton  road,  about  three  miles  west  of 
Jackson;  Walker’s  supported  Gist’s,  and  Gregg’s  was  on  the  right 
of  Gist’s.  The  Third  Kentucky  Mounted  Infantry,  a battalion 
of  sharpshooters  and  Martin’s  battery  of  Walker’s  brigade  were 
posted  on  the  Raymond  road,  about  two  miles  from  the  city.  The 
divisions  of  the  Fifteenth  Corps  marched  toward  Jackson  on  the 
Raymond  road;  Tuttle’s  formed  line  of  battle  on  both  sides  of  that 
road  and  drove  the  Confederate  forces  into  the  intrencliment ; 
Steele’s  formed  line  on  both  sides  of  the  railroad;  the  two  divisions 
advanced  and  occupied  the  intrenchments  on  their  respective  fronts. 
The  divisions  of  the  Seventeenth  Corps  marched  on  the  Clinton 
road;  Crocker’s  formed  line  of  battle,  with  Logan’s  in  reserve, 
drove  the  Confederate  line  from  its  position  after  a sharp  fight,  ad- 
vanced and  occupied  the  intrencliment  in  its  front.  Casualties — 
Union:  Killed  42.  wounded  251,  missing  7,  total  300,  one  officer 
killed.  Confederate:  Killed  17.  wounded  64,  missing  118,  total 
199,  one  officer  killed.  The  Confederate  army  retreated  northward 
in  the  direction  of  Canton,  and  General  Grant  had  placed  his  army 
between  those  of  General  Pemberton  and  General  Johnston. 

Sherman’s  corps  remained  at  Jackson  one  day  and  was  ordered 
to  destroy  the  military  supplies  of  all  kinds  in  that  city  and  as 
much  as  possible  of  the  railroads  centering  there ; McPherson ’s 
corps  marched  west  from  Jackson  the  morning  of  May  15,  and  the 
bloodiest  battle  of  the  campaign  was  fought  the  next  day  at  Cham- 
pion’s Hill.  The  Union  army,  under  command  of  Maj.  Gen.  U.  S. 
Grant,  was  composed  of  the  Thirteenth  Corps,  Blair’s  division  of 
the  Fifteenth  Corps  and  Logan’s  and  Crocker’s  divisions  of  the 
Seventeenth  Corps.  The  Confederate  army,  under  command  of 
Lieut.  Gen.  John  C.  Pemberton,  was  composed  of  Stevenson’s, 
Bowen’s  and  Loring’s  divisions  and  Wirt  Adams’  cavalry.  Reyn- 
olds’ brigade  of  Stevenson’s  division  and  two  Union  regiments 
were  detailed  as  train  guards.  Logan’s  and  Hovey’s  divisions  were 
on  the  right,  Osterhaus’  and  Cai’r’s  in  the  center,  A.  J.  Smith’s  and 
Blair’s  on  the  left  of  the  Union  line.  Loring’s  division  held  the 
right.  Bowen’s  the  center,  and  Stevenson’s  the  left  of  the  Confeder- 
ate line.  The  battle  was  opened  about  10  :30  or  11 :00  a.  m.,  by  the 
advance  of  Logan’s  and  Hovey’s  divisions  in  line  of  battle;  Hovey’s 


32 


Indiana  at  Vtcksburg. 


attack  broke  the  Confederate  line  at  the  angle,  captured  the  guns  at 
that  point  and  at  the  junction  of  the  Clinton  and  middle  Raymond 
roads,  and  forced  Cumming’s  brigade  and  the  right  of  Lee’s  to  form 
new  lines — the  former  on  the  middle  Raymond  road,  the  latter  on  a 
ridge  between  that  road  and  its  first  position.  Bowen’s  division 
reinforced  the  Confederate  left,  formed  line  of  battle  under  fire 
about  1 :30  p.  m.,  drove  back  Hovev’s  division,  recovered  the  guns  at 
the  junction  of  the  two  roads  and  most  of  the  ground  lost  earlier  in 
the  clay.  Boomer’s  brigade  of  Crocker’s  division  reinforced 
Hovey’s  and  became  engaged  about  2:00  p.  m. ; two  regiments  of 
Holmes’  brigade  of  Crocker’s  division  became  engaged  a little  later 
and  Bowen’s  advance  was  checked.  About  the  same  time  the  right 
and  center  of  Logan’s  division  reached  the  middle  Raymond  road 
and  captured  the  guns  on  the  left  of  the  Confederate  line.  About 
3 :30  p.  m.,  the  Union  batteries  concentrated  on  a commanding 
ridge,  opened  a heavy  fire,  the  Union  line  advanced  and  the  Confed- 
erate army  was  driven  from  the  field.  Stevenson’s  and  Bowen’s 
divisions  crossed  Baker’s  creek  and  fell  back  toward  Vicksburg: 
Boring’s  division  abandoned  its  artillery  and  marched  southeast- 
ward to  Crystal  Springs.  Casualties — LTnion : Killed  410. 
wounded  1,844,  missing  187,  total  2,441,  thirty-eight  officers  killed 
or  mortally  wounded.  Confederate : Killed  380,  wounded  1,018, 
missing  2,453.  total  3,851,  Brig.  Gen.  Lloyd  Tilghman  and  thirty- 
two  other  officers  killed. 

Part  of  the  Confederate  army  was  ordered  by  General  Pember- 
ton to  make  a stand  on  the  east  side  of  Big  Black  River  and  an 
engagement  occurred  there  May  17.  The  Union  army,  under  com- 
mand of  Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant,  was  composed  of  Osterhaus’, 
Smith’s  and  Carr’s  divisions  of  the  Thirteenth  Corps,  Maj.  Gen. 
John  A.  McClernand  commanding.  The  Confederate  army,  under 
command  of  Brig.  Gen.  John  S.  Brown,  was  composed  of  Cock- 
rell’s and  Green’s  brigades  of  Bowen’s  division,  Vaughn’s  brigade 
of  Smith’s  division  and  the  Fourth  Mississippi  of  Baldwin’s 
brigade,  Smith’s  division.  Carr’s  division  was  on  the  right, 
Osterhaus’  in  the  center,  and  Smith’s  on  the  left  of  the  Union  line. 
The  Confederate  line  was  formed  in  an  intrenehment  on  the  east 
side  of  Big  Black  River  and  across  a peninsula  formed  by  a bend 
in  that  river;  Cockrell’s  brigade  held  the  right,  Vaughn’s  and  the 
Fourth  Mississippi  the  center,  and  Green’s  the  left  of  the  line. 
After  an  artillery  engagement  of  about  two  hours,  Lawler’s  brigade 
on  the  right  of  Carr’s  division  attacked  in  line  of  battle  with  fixed 
bayonets,  the  Union  line  advanced  along  its  entire  front,  and  the 


Historic  Vicksburg. 


33 

Confederate  army  fell  back  from  the  intrencliment  in  disorder  and 
crossed  the  river.  Casualties — Union : Killed  39,  wounded  237, 
missing  3,  total  279,  seven  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded.  Con- 
federate: Killed  3,  wounded  9,  missing  539,  total  551  (exclusive  of 
Vaughn’s  brigade  and  Fourth  Mississippi  of  Baldwin’s  brigade  not 
reported),  one  officer  killed. 

The  railroad  bridge  (covered  with  plank)  and  the  boat  bridge, 
on  which  the  Confederates  crossed  the  river,  were  both  burned. 
The  morning  of  May  18  the  Union  army  began  crossing  on  three 
bridges  that  had  been  laid  during  the  afternoon  and  night  of  the 
17th.  Sherman’s  corps  crossed  at  Bridgeport,  on  the  right,  and 
marched  toward  Vicksburg  on  the  Benton-Jackson  road;  McPher- 
son’s corps,  in  the  center,  crossed  on  a floating  bridge  borne  up  by 
cotton  bales,  and  marched  on  the  same  road;  McClernand’s  corps 
crossed  near  the  railroad  bridge,  marched  on  the  Jackson  road  to 
Mt.  Alban,  took  a cross-road  at  that  point,  turned  to  the  left  to  in- 
tersect the  Baldwin ’s  Ferry  road  and  marched  toward  Vicksburg 
on  that  road.  General  Grant  believed  that  his  army  could  storm 
the  Confederate  works  around  the  city,  and  ordered  an  assault  at 
2 :00  p.  m.  of  May  19.  The  Union  army  under  his  command  was 
composed  of  three  divisions  of  the  Thirteenth  Corps,  the  Fifteenth 
and  Seventeenth  Corps.  The  Confederate  army,  under  command 
of  Lieut.  Gen.  John  C.  Pemberton,  was  composed  of  Stevenson’s, 
Forney’s.  Smith’s  and  Bowen’s  divisions,  and  Waul’s  Texas  Le- 
gion. The  Fifteenth  Corps  was  on  the  right,  the  Seventeenth  in 
the  center  and  the  Thirteenth  on  the  left  of  the  Union  line.  Ste- 
venson’s division  held  the  right,  Forney’s  the  center  and  Smith’s 
the  left  of  the  Confederate  line.  Bowen’s  division  and  AVaul’s 
Texas  Legion  were  in  reserve,  but  Cockrell’s  brigade  of  Bowen’s 
division  was  engaged.  The  Union  army  advanced  at  2 :00  p.  m. ; 
only  a reconnaissance  in  force  was  accomplished  at  most  points 
along  its  line,  but  Blair’s  division  of  the  Fifteenth  Corps  assaulted 
the  Stockade  Redan  on  the  Graveyard  road  and  carried  the  colors 
of  some  of  its  regiments  close  to  both  faces  of  that  work  and  to  the 
curtain  immediately  west  of  it.  Casualties — Union:  Killed  157, 
wounded  777,  missing  8,  total  942.  fifteen  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded.  Confederate : Not  fully  reported. 

Neither  General  Grant,  nor  the  rank  and  file  of  his  army,  were 
yet  convinced  that  Vicksburg  must  be  reduced  by  the  slow  and 
laborious  operations  of  a siege.  The  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first 
were  employed  in  securing  positions  for  the  infantry  and  in  placing 
batteries  on  commanding  points.  At  10:00  o’clock  in  the  forenoon 
[3] 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


34 

of  the  22d  a second  assault  was  made.  The  two  armies  were  in 
position  on  their  respective  lines  as  on  May  19,  except  that  Waul’s 
Texas  Legion  had  been  assigned  a position  in  the  rear  of  the  left 
of  Lee’s  brigade  on  the  left  of  Stevenson’s  division.  After  a heavy 
cannonade  by  every  gun  in  position  on  the  Union  line,  assaults  were 
made  at  10  :00  a.  m.  by  the  Fifteenth  Corps  at  the  Stockade  Redan 
on  the  Graveyard  road ; by  the  Seventeenth  on  the  right  and  left 
of  the  Jackson  road,  and  by  the  Thirteenth  at  the  lunette  on  the 
Baldwin’s  Ferry  road,  the  railroad  redoubt  and  the  curtain  be- 
tween that  redoubt  and  Fort  Garrott ; Hall ’s  brigade  of  McArthur’s 
division.  Seventeenth  Corps,  advanced  close  to  the  Confederate  line 
on  the  Warrenton  road,  but  did  not  assault;  the  colors  of  the  lead- 
ing regiments  were  carried  close  to  the  Confederate  works  at  every 
point  assaulted,  a brigade  headquarters  flag  was  placed  on  the  para- 
pet of  the  Stockade  Redan,  flags  were  placed  on  the  parapet  of  the 
railroad  redoubt  and  that  work  was  temporarily  occupied,  but  no 
permanent  lodgement  was  anywhere  made.  Assaults  were  made  in 
the  afternoon  by  the  Seventeenth  Corps  at  curtain  between  the 
railroad  redoubt  and  the  lunette  on  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road,  at 
that  lunette,  at  the  Jackson  road,  and  at  the  curtain  north  of  Glass’ 
Bayou ; and  by  the  Fifteenth  Corps  at  the  curtain  south  of  the 
Graveyard  road,  at  the  Stockade  Redan  on  that  road,  and  at  a point 
about  one-tliird  of  a mile  west  of  that  redan ; the  colors  of  the  lead- 
ing regiments  were  again  carried  close  to  the  Confederate  line,  an- 
other flag  was  placed  on  the  parapet  of  the  Stockade  Reclan,  but  the 
effort  to  carry  the  Confederate  line  of  defense  by  assault  was  un- 
successful at  every  point.  Casualties — Union  : Killed  502,  wounded 
2,550,  missing  147.  total  3,199,  sixty-eight  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded.  Confederate : Not  fully  reported. 

As  early  as  May  5,  General  Grant  had  ordered  Lauman’s  di- 
vision of  the  Sixteenth  Corps  to  the  vicinity  of  Vicksburg;  it  took 
position  on  the  left  of  the  Thirteenth  on  May  25,  and  on  June  15 
Herron’s  division  took  position  on  the  extreme  left,  extending  its 
line  to  the  river  below  Vicksburg,  and  thereby  completing  its  in- 
vestment. Two  divisions  of  the  Ninth  Corps,  two  other  divisions  of 
the  Sixteenth  Corps  and  seven  brigades  detached  from  the  three 
corps  that  began  the  campaign  were  deployed  on  an  exterior  line, 
under  command  of  General  Sherman  after  June  22,  extending  from 
Haynes’  Bluff,  on  the  left,  to  Big  Black  River  bridge,  on  the  right, 
to  guard  against  attack  by  Johnston’s  army.  This  army  was 
assembled  after  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14,  in  the  hope 
that  it  would  be  able  to  raise  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  either  by  de- 


Confederate  Railroad  Redoubt. 


Historic  Vicksburg 


37 


treating  General  Grant’s  army,  or  by  assisting  the  Confederate 
army  of  Vicksburg  to  break  through  the  investment  lines.  Siege 
operations  were  carried  on  by  the  part  of  the  Union  army  engaged 
on  that  line,  and  were  successfully  opposed  by  the  Confederate 
army,  from  May  23  to  July  3,  when  a proposal  for  capitulation  was 
sent  by  General  Pemberton  to  General  Grant.  They  met  for  con- 
ference that  afternoon  between  the  lines  and  near  the  Jackson  road. 
The  terms  of  capitulation  were  agreed  upon  by  correspondence 
after  the  meeting,  and  the  Confederate  army  of  Vicksburg  was 
surrendered  to  General  Grant  on  July  J,  and  a detachment  of  his 
army  occupied  the  city.  Casualties  from  March  29  to  July  4.  in- 
clusive— Union:  Killed  1,581.  wounded  7,554,  missing  1,007,  total 
10,142.  Confederate:  Killed  1,413,  wounded  3,878,  missing  3,800. 
total.  9.091 ; 29,491  officers  and  men  were  surrendered  at  the  end  of 
the  defense. 

At  the  beginning  of  siege  operations.  May  23.  about  162  guns 
were  on  the  investment  line,  most  of  them  in  position  in  hastily 
constructed  batteries.  These  were  enlarged  and  strengthened  and 
additional  guns  successively  mounted  in  new  batteries  at  advan- 
tageous positions.  Embrasures  of  batteries  close  to  the  Confeder- 
ate line  closed  against  ride  balls  by  plank  shutters  or  with  bags  of 
packed  cotton.  The  first  parallel  made  almost  continuous  from  the 
right  on  the  river  to  the  left  of  the  Thirteenth  Army  Corps,  and. 
as  the  approaches  were  carried  forward,  second  and  third  parallels 
opened.  Loopholes  for  sharpshooters,  made  either  with  sandbags 
or  in  a timber  on  the  parapet  ; sixteen  principal  approaches  begun 
and  eleven  carried  close  to  the  Confederate  line.  They  were  loop- 
holed  for  sharpshooters  wherever  opportunity  for  fire  was  afforded; 
nine  galleries  for  mines  started  and  two  mines  fired,  both  at  the 
head  of  Logan’s  approach.  At  the  end  of  the  siege,  July  4,  about 
220  guns,  including  all  fx*om  the  navy,  were  on  the  investment  line, 
largely  in  position ; eighty-nine  batteries  constructed,  but  about 
twenty  abandoned  and  their  guns  moved  to  the  exterior  line  or  to 
advanced  positions;  aggregate  length  of  Union  trenches,  twelve 
miles. 

The  Confederate  line  of  defense,  eight  miles  long,  mounted  about 
130  guns  in  sixty-seven  batteries.  Works  and  connecting  curtains 
loopholed  for  sharpshooters.  Damage  done  them  by  the  Union 
batteries  repaired  at  night.  A number  of  guns  disabled  by  the  fire 
of  the  Union  batteries  and,  in  most  cases,  new  guns  could  not  be 
mounted  in  their  places.  Countermines  against  Union  approaches 
and  mines  prepared  at  nine  places  and  four  fired.  Retrenchments 


38 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


made  in  rear  of  some  works,  but  not  used,  as  the  line  of  defense  was 
not  anywhere  broken.  The  defense  largely  confined  to  sharpshoot- 
ing  and  maintained  for  forty-seven  days  without  relief  for  the  offi- 
cers and  men  in  the  trenches,  part  of  the  time  without  sufficient 
rations. 

Reported  casualties,  May  23-July  4 — Union : Killed  94, 
wounded  425,  missing  119,  total  638,  nineteen  officers  killed  or  mor- 
tally wounded.  Confederate:  Not  separately  reported.  Reported 
casualties,  May  18-July  4 — Union:  Killed  766,  wounded  3,793, 
missing  276,  total  4,835,  107  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 
Confederate  (river  batteries  not  included)  : Killed  873,  wounded 
2,141,  missing  158,  total  3,172,  93  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded. 

The  Vicksburg  campaign  would  not  have  been  planned  and 
could  not  have  been  conducted  on  the  lines  on  which  it  was  success- 
fully made  without  the  assistance  of  the  navy.  About  twenty-six 
gunboats  and  light-drafts  of  the  Mississippi  Squadron,  with  nec- 
essary attendants,  Acting  Rear  Admiral  David  D.  Porter  com- 
manding, and  during  part  of  the  time  the  Mississippi  Marine 
Bi'igade,  Brig.  Gen.  Alfred  W.  Ellett  commanding,  co-operated 
with  the  army  in  the  operations  of  the  campaign  and  siege. 

The  night  of  April  16,  1863,  eight  gunboats,  including  the  ram 
“General  Price,”  and  three  transports  passed  the  Confederate  bat- 
teries on  the  river  line  at  Vicksburg  and  at  Warrenton,  one  trans- 
port sunk.  Six  days  later  five  additional  transports  passed  down 
without  material  damage,  and  one  was  sunk  by  the  fire  of  the  Con- 
federate batteries.  The  gunboats  below  Vicksburg  bombarded  the 
Confederate  batteries  at  Grand  Gulf,  April  29,  without  effectively 
silencing  them.  They  and  the  seven  transports  ran  past  these  bat- 
teries that  night,  and,  during  the  two  following  days,  carried  six 
divisions  of  the  army  across  the  river,  landing  them  at  Bruinsburg 
on  the  Mississippi  side.  The  other  divisions  of  General  Grant’s 
army  were  carried  across  the  river  at  later  dates. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  investment  the  gunboats  below  the  city 
attacked  the  lower  Confederate  batteries,  May  19,  May  20,  May  21, 
May  22  and  May  27.  On  the  last  named  day  the  gunboat  “Cincin- 
nati” attacked  the  upper  batteries  from  above  the  city  and  was  dis- 
abled and  sunk.  During  the  siege  detachments  from  the  squadron 
co-operated  by  making  the  investment  on  the  river  side  as  complete 
as  possible  and  by  shelling  the  Confederate  batteries  and  intrench- 
ments;  served  seven  mortars  on  mortar  boats  anchored  behind  the 
peninsula  and  opposite  the  city,  and,  during  the  latter  part  of  the 


Historic  Vicksburg. 


39 


siege,  three  heavy  guns  on  scows  behind  the  peninsula  and  at  the 
left — north — of  the  mortar  boats;  made  expeditions  up  the  Yazoo 
river  and  its  tributaries  and  co-operated  in  the  repulse  of  the  Con- 
federate attacks  at  Young’s  Point,  Milliken’s  Bend  and  Goodrich’s 
Landing.  Thirteen  heavy  guns  from  the  squadron  mounted  on 
the  investment  line  in  eight  batteries. 

Detachments  from  the  Marine  Brigade  were  engaged  at  Rich- 
mond, Louisiana.  -June  15,  casualties,  wounded  3 ; co-operated  in  the 
repulse  of  the  Confederate  attack  at  Goodrich’s  Landing,  casual- 
ties, 1 officer  killed:  and  served  three  guns  on  the  peninsula  oppo- 
site the  city  during  the  latter  part  of  the  siege.  Reported  casual- 
ties in  the  squadron — including  the  infantry  regiments  detailed  for 
service  on  gunboats — in  the  campaign  and  siege:  Killed  23, 
drowned  14,  wounded  102,  missing  1,  total  140,  1 officer  killed. 

The  river  batteries,  under  command  of  Col.  Edward  Higgins, 
C.  S.  Artillery,  were  served  by  six  companies  of  Tennessee  Heavy 
Artillery  on  the  right,  four  companies  of  the  Eighth  Louisiana 
Heavy  Artillery  Battalion  in  the  center  and  eight  companies  of 
the  First  Louisiana  Heavy  Artillery  on  the  left.  Two  companies 
of  the  Twenty-second  Louisiana  were  attached  to  the  left  and  the 
Vaiden  (Mississippi)  Battery  lo  the  center  of  the  command.  It 
was  charged  with  the  duty  oi  opposing  the  passage  of  Union  gun- 
boats and  transports  and  was  in  action  the  night  of  April  16, 
when  eight  gunboats  and  three  transports  passed  without  reported 
casualties,  one  transport  sunk:  the  night  of  April  22,  when  six 
transports  passed,  casualties.  1 killed,  2 wounded,  total  3,  one  trans- 
port sunk;  and  the  night  of  May  3,  when  a tug  and  two  loaded 
barges  attempted  to  pass,  but  were  sunk,  without  reported  cas- 
ualties. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  investment,  May  18,  about  thirty-eight 
heavy  guns  were  in  position  on  the  river  line  and  thirteen  light 
pieces  posted  on  the  city  front.  All  the  light  and  six  of  the  heavy 
guns  were  successively  moved  to  the  line  of  defense  with  the  de- 
tachments serving  them,  but  one  of  the  heavy  guns  was  moved  back 
to  the  river  line. 

During  the  investment,  May  18-July  4,  the  river  batteries  were 
opposed  to  the  gunboats  below  the  city,  the  mortars  behind  the 
peninsula,  and  the  guns  on  the  peninsula  and  on  scows,  and  were 
engaged  May  19,  May  20.  May  21.  May  22  and  May  27,  with  the 
gunboats  below  the  city.  On  the  last-named  day  the  gunboat  “Cin- 
cinnati” attacked  the  upper  batteries  and  was  disabled  and  sunk 
cn  the  Mississippi  side  of  the  great  bend  in  the  river  above  the  city, 


40 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


after  an  action  of  thirty  minutes.  Reported  casualties  in  command 
during  the  investment : Killed  and  wounded,  about  30. 

GENERAL  SUMMARY  OF  CASUALTIES,  MARCH  29- JULY  4. 

UNION. 


Killed. 

Wounded. 

Missing. 

Total. 

Dunbar's  Plantation,  Louisiana,  April  15... 

2 

2 

Port  Gibson.  May  1 

131 

719 

25 

875 

South  Fork  Bayou  Pierre.  May  2 

1 

1 

North  Fork  Bayou  Pierre,  May  3 

1 

6 

7 

Pinhook.  Louisiana,  May  10 

2 

8 

o 

o 

13 

Raymond,  May  12 

66 

339 

37 

442 

Fourteen-Mile  Creek,  May  12-13 

6 

10 

16 

Jackson.  May  14 

42 

251 

7 

300 

Champion’s  Hill,  Mav  16 

410 

1,844 

187 

2.441 

Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17 

39 

237 

3 

279 

Skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  May  18,  20.  21 

13 

41 

2 

56 

Assault  on  Confederate  Line  of  Defense,  May 

19  

157 

777 

8 

942 

Assault  on  Confederate  Line  of  Defense.  May 

29 

502 

2..5.nO 

147 

3.199 

Mechanicsburg,  June  4 

1 

5 

6 

Milliken's  Bend.  Louisiana,  June  7 

101 

280 

265 

646 

Bayou  Baxter,  Louisiana,  June  9 

1 

1 

Birdsong  Ferry,  June  1° 

1 

1 

Richmond.  Louisiana,  June  15 

1 

8 

9 

Kill's  Plantation.  June  22 

8 

16 

23 

47 

Ellisville,  June  25 

37 

37 

Near  Lake  Providence.  Louisiana,  .Tune  29... 

1 

3 

144 

148 

On  Peninsula  opposite  Vicksburg.  June  29... 

1 

1 

Edwards  Station.  July  1 

Q 

o 

3 

On  Gunboats,  in  Detached  Infantry  Regiments 

6 

26 

32 

Siege  Operations,  May  23 — .July  4 

94 

425 

119 

638 

Total  

1 .581 

7.554 

1.007 

10.142 

confederate. 


Action  of  River  Batteries.  April  22 

Killed. 

1 

Wounded. 

2 

Missing. 

Total. 

3 

Grand  Gulf.  April  29 

3 

18 

21 

Hayne’s  Bluff  (Snyder’s  Mill).  April  30... 

3 

3 

Port  Gibson.  Mav  1 

56 

328 

341 

725 

Raymond.  May  12 

73 

251 

190 

514 

Jackson.  May  14 

17 

64 

118 

199 

Champion’s  Hill.  Mav  16 

. . 380 

1.018 

2.453 

3.851 

Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17 

O 

9 

539 

551 

Hill’s  Plantation.  June  22 

16 

1 

22 

Defense  Operations.  Mav  IS — July  4 

. . 875 

2.169 

158 

3.202 

To  to  1 

1.413 

3.878 

3,800 

9.091 

Position  Tablet  Inscriptions. 

Vicksburg  National  Military  Park. 


UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Ewing’s  Brigade ; Assault,  May  19,  1S63. 

This  brigade,  with  skirmishers  in  advance,  was  formed  behind 
the  crest  of  the  ridge  immediately  north  of  Mint  Spring  Bayou,  in 
order,  from  right  to  left,  as  follows:  37th  Ohio,  4th  West  Vir- 
ginia, 47th  Ohio,  in  line,  and  the  30th  Ohio  in  reserve.  The  brigade 
connected  closely  with  Steele’s  division  on  its  right,  and  with  Giles 
A.  Smith’s  brigade  on  its  left.  This  brigade  moved  promptly  at 
the  appointed  time,  2 :00  p.  m.  Its  left  two  regiments  advanced 
close  to  the  Confederate  intrenclnnent,  where  their  colors  remained 
until  after  dark.  The  right  regiment  was  unable  to  cross  the 
ravine  in  its  front,  on  account  of  obstacles,  but  covered  the  left 
in  its  advanced  position  by  a heavy  fire.  When  the  line  moved 
forward  the  reserve  regiment  advanced  to  the  crest  of  the  hill  and 
began  firing.  After  dark  the  brigade  retired,  under  orders,  to  the 
position  where  it  formed  for  the  assault.  This  tablet  marks  the 
farthest  advance  of  the  4th  West  Virginia.  Casualties : 30tli  Ohio, 
wounded  9 ; 37tli  Ohio,  killed  14,  wounded  35,  total  49 ; Lieuts. 
Gustav  A.  Wintzer  and  Sebaldus  Hassler  killed;  47th  Ohio,  killed 
13,  wounded  40.  missing  6,  total  59,  Lieut.  Edward  N.  Bernard 
killed,  Lieut,  Jonathan  Castro  mortally  wounded;  4th  West  Vir- 
ginia, killed  27,  wounded  110,  total  137,  Maj.  Arza  M.  Goodspeed 
killed,  Lieut,  Finley  D.  Ong  mortally  wounded;  aggregate,  killed 
54,  wounded  194,  missing  6,  total  254. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Giles  A.  Smith's  Brigade;  Assault  May  19,  1863. 

This  brigade,  with  skirmishers  in  advance,  was  formed  behind 
the  crest  of  the  ridge,  about  320  yards  in  front  of  the  north  face  of 
the  Confederate  Stockade  Redan  on  the  Graveyard  road,  in  the 
following  order,  from  right  to  left : 6th  Missouri,  113tli  Illinois 
(detachment),  116th  Illinois,  1st  Battalion,  13th  U.  S.  Infantry,  in 
line,  and  the  8th  Missouri  in  reserve.  The  ground  in  front  was 
much  obstructed  by  a growth  of  brush  and  cane  and  by  felled  trees. 


(41) 


42 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Tlie  brigade  moved  promptly  at  the  appointed  time,  2:00  p.  m.,  but 
its  lines  were  soon  broken  up  by  the  obstacles  encountered,  and  by 
the  rugged  character  of  the  ground.  The  8th  Missouri,  under  or- 
ders, halted  on  the  crest  of  the  first  ridge  in  front  of  the  one  be- 
hind which  the  line  was  formed,  and  began  firing;  the  battalion  of 
the  13th  U.  S.  Infantry  and  the  116tli  Illinois  pushed  close  to  the 
Stockade  Redan  and  to  the  stockade  west  of  that  work,  some  men 
of  the  battalion  getting  into  the  ditch  on  the  north  face  of  the 


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Uuion  Position  Tablet. 


redan;  the  113th  Illinois  (detachment)  and  the  6th  Missouri  ad- 
vanced close  to  the  stockade  and  to  the  curtain  west  of  it.  The 
brigade  maintained  its  position  until  after  dark,  when  it  withdrew, 
under  orders.  This  tablet  marks  the  point  to  which  Capt.  Charles 
Ewing,  1st  Battalion,  13th  U.  S.  Infantry,  carried  the  colors  of  the 
battalion  and  where  he  remained  with  them  until  after  dark. 
Casualties:  113th  Illinois  (detachment),  wounded  7;  116th  Illi- 
nois, killed  6,  wounded  64,  missing  1,  total  71 ; 6th  Missouri,  killed 
3.  wounded  25,  total  28 ; 8th  Missouri,  killed  7,  wounded  19,  total 
26;  1st  Battalion,  13th  U.  S.  Infantry  (250  officers  and  men  en- 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


43 


gaged),  killed  21,  wounded  49,  total  70,  Capt.  Edward  C.  Wash- 
ington and  Lieut.  Justus  A.  Boies  mortally  wounded ; aggregate, 
killed  37,  wounded  164.  missing  1,  total  202. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Thomas  Kilby  Smith’s  Brigade;  Assault,  May  19,  1863. 

This  brigade,  with  skirmishers  in  advance,  was  formed  about  600 
yards  in  front  of  the  east  face  of  the  Confederate  Stockade  Redan 
on  the  Graveyard  road,  on  both  sides  of  that  road,  in  the  following 
order:  The  83d  Indiana  with  the  127th  Illinois  in  support,  under 
command  of  Colonel  Spooner,  83d  Indiana,  on  the  right  of  the 
road ; the  55tli  Illinois  on  the  left  of  the  83d  Indiana,  resting  its 
right  on  the  road ; the  54th  Ohio  on  the  left  of  the  55th  Illinois  and 
the  57th  Ohio  in  support.  The  ground  in  front  was  much  ob- 
structed by  a growth  of  brush  and  cane  and  by  felled  trees.  The 
brigade  moved  promptly  at  the  appointed  time,  2 :00  p.  m.,  but  its 
lines  were  soon  broken  up  by  the  obstacles  encountered  and  by  the 
rugged  character  of  the  ground.  The  right  wing  approached  close 
to  the  salient  angle  of  the  Stockade  Redan,  a few  men  getting  into 
the  ditch  of  that  work.  The  left  wing  halted  at  the  crest  of  the 
ridge  nearest  to  the  Confederate  line  and  advanced  companies  from 
each  regiment  close  to  that  line.  Both  wings  maintained  their 
positions  until  after  dark,  when  they  retired,  under  orders.  This 
tablet  marks  the  farthest  advance  of  the  83d  Indiana.  Casualties : 
55th  Illinois,  killed  4,  wounded  22,  total  26,  Lieut.  Levi  Hill  killed; 
127th  Illinois,  killed  8,  wounded  31,  missing  1,  total  40,  Lieut. 
Hiram  McClintock  killed,  Capt.  John  S.  Riddle  mortally  wounded; 
83d  Indiana,  killed  10.  wounded  46,  total  56,  Capts.  Metellus  Cal- 
vert and  John  M.  Cresswell  killed;  54th  Ohio,  killed  2,  wounded  13, 
total  15;  57th  Ohio,  killed  5,  wounded  13,  total  18;  aggregate, 
killed  29,  wounded  125,  missing  1,  total  155. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Buekland’s  Brigade:  Assaults,  May  19  and  May  22,  1863. 

The  afternoon  of  May  19,  this  brigade  was  in  support  of  Blair’s 
division — the  72d  Ohio  in  front,  on  the  right  of  the  road,  and  the 
95th  Ohio  in  the  rear,  the  114th  Illinois  on  the  left  of  the  road  and 
the  93d  Indiana  on  its  left.  About  dusk  that  evening,  General 
Blair’s  division  retired  and  General  Buekland  ordered  pickets  and 
guards  to  the  front.  The  brigade  remained,  in  the  advance,  in  this 


44 


Indiana  at  Vicksbiuu;. 


position  until  tlie  evening  of  May  ‘21,  when  it  was  withdrawn,  ex- 
cept the  93d  Indiana,  which  did  not  withdraw  until  the  morning 
of  May  22.  May  22,  the  brigade,  except  the  72d  Ohio,  ordered  to 
take  position  on  the  left  of  the  advance  of  Col.  Thomas  Kilby 
Smith’s  brigade,  formed  line  on  the  left  of  the  road.  This  tablet 
marks  the  right  of  the  three  regiments  on  that  day  and  the  right 
of  the  114tli  Illinois,  the  afternoon  of  May  19.  Casualties:  May 
19,  1 14th  Illinois,  killed  2,  wounded  10,  total  12;  93d  Indiana,  killed 
1,  Avounded  5,  total  6;  72d  Ohio,  killed  1,  wounded  13,  total  14; 
95th  Ohio,  wounded  2 ; aggregate,  killed  4.  wounded  30,  total  34. 
May  22,  114th  Illinois,  wounded  2;  93d  Indiana,  wounded  2;  72d 
Ohio,  wounded  1 ; 95th  Ohio,  wounded  4 ; aggregate,  wounded  9. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Ransom’s  Brigade;  Assault,  May  19,  1863. 

This  brigade  was  formed  for  the  assault,  in  two  lines,  about  450 
yards  in  front  of  the  Confederate  line — the  95th  Illinois  on  the  left 
of  the  first  line  and  the  17th  Wisconsin  on  its  right.  The  position 
of  the  other  regiments  cannot  be  accurately  stated.  The  17th  Wis- 
consin advanced  first,  probably  a little  before  the  appointed  time, 
2 :00  p.  m.,  and  the  95th  Illinois  soon  moved  forward.  That  regi- 
ment crossed  the  ravine  in  front  of  the  Confederate  line  and  ad- 
vanced to  within  100  yards  of  that  line,  which  position  was  held 
until  4 :00  o ’clock  next  morning.  None  of  the  other  regiments  ap- 
proached so  close  to  the  Confederate  line.  This  tablet  marks  the 
farthest  advance  of  the  95th  Illinois.  Casualties : 11th  Illinois, 
wounded  12;  72d  Illinois,  killed  2,  wounded  2,  total  4;  95th  Illinois, 
killed  8,  wounded  54,  total  62;  14th  AAGsconsin,  killed  1,  wounded  6. 
total  7 ; 17th  Wisconsin,  killed  3,  wounded  36.  total  39;  aggregate, 
killed  14,  wounded  110,  total  124. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Steele's  Division : Assault,  May  22,  1863. 

Thayer’s  brigade,  except  the  4th  Iowa  Infantry,  took  position 
the  afternoon  and  evening  of  May  19,  under  cover  of  the  spur  ex- 
tending north  from  the  Confederate  line  at  this  point.  Wood’s 
brigade,  except  the  76th  Ohio,  and  Manter’s  were  moved  from  the 
right  and  passed  in  rear  of  Thayer’s  on  May  22.  About  4 :00  p.  m., 
the  advance  was  ordered  by  General  Steele,  and  the  three  regi- 
ments of  Thayer’s  brigade  moved  for  Avar  d in  line,  follorved  by 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


45 


Wood’s  brigade  iu  column  by  regiments-  the  12t,h  Missouri  lead- 
ing. Thayer’s  regiments  approached  close  to  the  Confederate  line; 
the  12th  Missouri,  of  Wood’s  brigade,  climbed  the  north  face  of  the 
spur  and  advanced  in  support  of  the  leading  brigade — the  four 
right  companies  reaching  a position  near  the  Confederate  line. 
The  ground  gained  was  held  until  after  dark,  when  the  division 
retired,  under  orders — Wood’s  and  Manter’s  brigades  returning  to 
their  respective  positions  on  the  right.  This  tablet  marks  the 
farthest  advance  of  the  9th  Iowa  of  Thayer’s  brigade.  Casualties: 
13tli  Illinois,  killed  1,  wounded  1,  total  2 ; 30th  Missouri,  wounded 
3;  31st  Missouri,  killed  1.  wounded  1,  total  2.  Lieut.  William  Rob- 
inson killed;  aggregate,  Manter’s  brigade,  killed  2.  wounded  5, 
total  7 ; 25th  Iowa,  killed  5,  wounded  27,  missing  5,  total  37 ; 31st 
Iowa,  killed  3,  wounded  19,  total  22,  Lieut.  Robert  Anderson  mor- 
tally wounded;  3d  Missouri,  killed  3,  wounded  12,  missing  3,  total 
18;  12th  Missouri,  killed  26,  wounded  82,  total  108,  Maj.  Gustavus 
Liglitfoot.  Capt.  Christian  Andel,  Lieuts.  Charles  L.  Ivasten  and 
George  Eggart  killed;  aggregate,  Wood’s  brigade,  killed  37, 
wounded  140,  missing  8,  total  185;  9th  Iowa,  killed  18,  wounded  60, 
total  78,  Lieuts.  Edward  Tyrrell  and  Jacob  Jones  killed,  Capts. 
Florida  M.  Kelsey  and  Frederick  S.  Washburn,  and  Lieut.  Leonard 
L.  Martin  mortally  wounded ; 26tli  Iowa,  killed  4,  wounded  23.  total 
27 ; 30th  Iowa,  killed  13,  wounded  36,  missing  1,  total  50,  Col. 
Charles  H.  Abbott,  Lieut.  James  P.  Milliken  killed,  Lieut.  David 
Letner  mortally  wounded;  aggregate,  Thayer’s  brigade,  killed  35, 
wounded  119,  missing  1.  total  155. 

CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Small  Work  on  left  of  Shoup’s  Brigade. 

This  work  and  the  lines  immediately  to  the  right  and  left  of  it 
were  held,  May  22,  1863,  and  the  assault  of  the  Union  force  re- 
pulsed by  the  26th  Louisiana.  The  31st  Louisiana,  on  the  right  of 
Baldwin’s  brigade,  assisted  in  repulsing  the  assault.  A rough 
stockade  in  front  of  this  work  was  begun  June  9,  and  finished  the 
night  of  June  11.  A trench,  immediately  in  rear  of  the  stockade, 
was  completed  June  15.  A countermine  against  the  Union  ap- 
proach was  prepared  from  the  trench,  but  not  fired.  Casualties  in 
26th  Louisiana  during  the  defense:  Killed  28,  wounded  44,  total 
72.  Maj.  W.  W.  Martin,  Capt.  Felix  G.  Winder,  and  Lieut.  Numa 
Arrieux  and  Lieut.  P.  N.  Ternier  killed. 


46 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Lunette  at  Left  of  Stockade. 

This  lunette,  part  of  the  stockade  to  its  right,  and  the  line  to  its 
left  were  held,  the  afternoon  of  May  19.  1863,  and  the  assaults  of 
the  Union  force  repulsed,  by  the  27th  Louisiana  Infantry  with  the 
2d  Missouri  Infantry  in  support.  The  casualties  in  the  Louisiana 
regiment  were  severe,  but  cannot  be  accurately  stated. 

The  position  was  held,  May  22,  and  the  assaults  of  the  Union 
force  repulsed,  by  the  27th  Louisiana  and  five  companies  of  the 
2d  Missouri,  with  five  companies  of  that  regiment  in  reserve.  The 
casualties  cannot  be  accurately  stated.  The  lunette,  the  line  imme- 
diately to  its  left,  the  stockade  to  its  right,  and  the  north  face  of 
the  stockade  redan  were  held,  after  May  25,  by  the  27th  Louisiana. 
A countermine  against  the  Union  approach  was  prepared  at  the 
stockade,  but  not  fired.  Casualties  in  27th  Louisiana  during  the 
defense : Killed  58,  wounded  96,  total  154,  Lieut.  Col.  L.  L.  Mc- 
Laurin  and  Lieut.  George  Harris  killed.  Col.  L.  D.  Marks  mortally 
wounded. 

CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Stockade  Redan  on  Graveyard  Road. 

This  redan,  the  line  immediately  to  its  right,  and  part  of  the 
stockade  to  its  left  were  held,  the  afternoon  of  May  19,  1863,  and  the 
assaults  of  the  Union  force  repulsed,  by  the  36th  Mississippi,  with 
the  5th  Missouri  in  support,  on  its  east  face ; and  the  1st  and  4th 
Missouri  (consolidated)  on  its  north  face  and  part  of  the  line  of  the 
stockade.  The  3d  Missouri  was  in  reserve.  Casualties:  In  36tli 
Mississippi,  cannot  he  accurately  stated;  in  Cockrell’s  brigade, 
killed  8,  wounded  62,  total  70,  nearly  all  in  this  position. 

The  position  was  held.  May  22,  and  the  assaults  of  the  Union 
force  repulsed  by  the  36th  Mississippi  and  six  companies  of  the  1st 
and  4th  Missouri  on  its  east  face,  and  the  3d  Missouri  on  its  north 
face  and  part  of  the  line  of  the  stockade.  Three  companies  of  the 
1st  and  4th  Missouri,  in  reserve,  were  moved  from  point  to  point, 
as  required.  Casualties:  In  Hebert’s  brigade,  killed  21,  wounded 
39,  total  60  (not  distributed  between  this  redan  and  the  other  points 
on  the  brigade  line),  Maj.  Alexander  Yates,  36th  Mississippi,  killed; 
in  Cockrell’s  brigade,  killed  28,  wounded  95,  total  123,  nearly  all 
in  this  position;  in  3d  Missouri,  of  that  brigade,  killed  12,  wounded 
52,  total  64. 

The  stockade  and  the  north  face  of  the  redan  were  held,  after 
May  25,  by  the  27th  Louisiana.  The  east  face  of  the  redan  was 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


47 


held  after  June  2 by  the  left  regiment  of  Green’s  brigade.  Two 
countermines  against  the  Union  approach,  from  the  ditch  of  the 
redan,  were  fired  the  night  of  June  26 ; another  was  prepared,  but 
not  fired. 

CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Small  Redan  on  Left  of  Green’s  Brigade. 

This  redan  and  the  line  immediately  to  its  right  were  held,  the 
afternoon  of  May  19,  1863,  and  the  assaults  of  the  Union  force  re- 
pulsed, by  the  7th  Mississippi  Infantry  Battalion.  Its  casualties 
cannot  be  accurately  stated. 

The  position  was  held,  May  22,  and  the  assaults  of  the  Union 
force  repulsed,  by  the  7th  Mississippi  Infantry  Battalion,  the  5th 
Missouri  Infantry  and  one  company  of  the  1st  and  4th  Missouri 
Infantry  (consolidated).  The  casualties  cannot  be  accurately 
stated. 

This  redan,  after  June  2,  was  held  by  the  20th  Arkansas  of 
Green’s  brigade.  General  Green  was  killed  in  it  the  morning  of 
June  27.  Two  countermines  against  the  Union  approach  were  pre- 
pared, but  not  fired. 

CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Right  of  Green’s  Brigade.  After  June  2. 

The  line  from  the  right  of  the  7th  Mississippi  Infantry  Bat- 
talion to  near  Glass’  Bayou  was  held,  May  19  and  May  22,  1863, 
and  the  assaults  of  the  Union  force  repulsed,  by  the  37th  and  38th 
Mississippi.  The  casualties  in  the  two  regiments  on  those  days 
cannot  be  accurately  stated.  Hebert’s  brigade  shortened  its  line, 
June  2,  by  closing  to  the  right,  and  Green’s  brigade  took  position 
in  the  line  of  defense,  resting  its  right  at  this  point. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Ewing’s  Brigade;  Assault.  May  22,  1883. 

Blair’s  division  was  massed  for  the  assault,  the  morning  of  May 
22,  on  the  left  of  the  Graveyard  road  and  about  900  yards  from 
the  Confederate  Stockade  Redan.  A volunteer  storming  party  of 
150  men  from  the  regiments  of  the  division,  under  command  of 
Capt.  John  IT.  Groce,  30th  Ohio,  with  General  Ewing’s  headquar- 
ters  flag,  carried  by  private  Howell  G.  Trodgen,  8th  Missouri,  at 
the  head  of  the  column,  advanced  at  10 :00  a,  m.,  by  the  flank,  on  the 
Graveyard  road,  followed  by  Ewing’s  brigade — the  30th  Ohio  lead- 


48 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


ing.  The  headquarters  flag  was  placed  on  the  parapet  of  the  Con- 
federate redan,  and  the  storming  party  took  position  in  the  ditch 
and  on  the  north  face  of  the  parapet.  The  30th  Ohio  advanced 
close  to  the  angle  of  the  redan  but  was  compelled  to  seek  shelter 
from  the  Confederate  fire,  and  the  brigade  was  reformed  behind 
the  crest  of  the  ridge,  at  the  left  of  the  road,  and  about  140  yards 
from  the  Confederate  line.  The  position  was  held  continuously, 
and  that  night  the  dead,  the  wounded  and  the  colors  were  brought 
back  to  it,  and  intrenchments  were  begun.  This  tablet  marks  the 
point  on  the  parapet  of  the  Confederate  redan  where  General 
Ewing’s  headquarters  flag  was  placed.  Casualties:  30tli  Ohio, 
killed  6,  wounded  43,  missing  2.  total  51,  Capt.  Thomas  Hayes 
killed,  Lieut.  Hiram  J.  Davis  mortally  wounded;  37th  Ohio,  killed 
10,  wounded  31,  total  41 ; 47th  Ohio,  killed  6,  wounded  26,  missing 
1,  total  33;  4th  West  Virginia,  killed  3,  wounded  16,  total  19; 
aggregate,  killed  25,  wounded  116,  missing  3,  total  144. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Mower’s  Brigade;  Assault,  Afternoon  of  May  22,  1803. 

Mower’s  and  Matthies’  brigades  of  Tuttle’s  division  were  massed 
for  the  assault,  the  morning  of  May  22,  on  the  left  of  the  Graveyard 
road  and  in  the  rear  of  Blair’s  division.  The  two  brigades  re- 
mained in  this  position  until  about  3:00  p.  m.,  when  Mower’s 
brigade — the  11th  Missouri  leading,  followed  by  the  47th  Illinois, 
advanced  to  the  assault,  by  the  flank,  on  the  Graveyard  road,  fol- 
lowed by  Matthies’  brigade — the  12tli  Iowa  leading.  The  flag  of 
the  lltli  Missouri  was  placed  on  the  parapet  of  the  Confederate 
Stockade  Redan,  close  to  General  Ewing’s  headquarters  flag; 
Colonel  Weber  and  a few  officers  and  men  of  that  regiment  took 
position  in  the  ditch  and  on  the  outside  slope  of  the  parapet,  but 
the  brigade  was  compelled  to  seek  shelter  from  the  Confederate 
fire  and  was  ordered  into  a ravine,  from  which  it  was  withdrawn 
after  dark.  This  tablet  marks  the  point  of  the  parapet  of  the 
stockade  redan  where  the  flag  of  the  11th  Missouri  was  placed. 
Casualties:  47th  Illinois,  killed  5,  wounded  33,  total  38;  5th  Min- 
nesota, killed  2,  wounded  1,  missing  7.  total  10;  lltli  Missouri, 
killed  7,  wounded  85, , total  92,  Lieut.  Charles  H.  Brookings  mor- 
tally wounded;  8th  Wisconsin,  killed  3,  wounded  17,  missing  22, 
total  42,  Lieut.  Williard  D.  Chapman  killed,  Capt.  Stephen  Estee 
mortally  wounded;  aggregate,  killed  17,  wounded  136,  missing  29, 
total  182. 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


49 


UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Giles  A.  Smith's  Brigade ; Assault,  Afternoon  of  May  22,  1863. 

Blair’s  division  was  massed  for  the  assault,  the  morning  of 
May  22,  on  the  left  of  the  Graveyard  road  and  about  900  yards 
from  the  Confederate  Stockade  Redan.  At  10:00  o’clock  a.  m.,  this 
brigade  followed  Ewing’s  by  the  flank,  on  the  Graveyard  road. 
When  the  assault  on  that  road  failed,  this  brigade  filed  to  the  left, 
followed  a ravine,  running  south,  for  some  distance,  formed  line  in 
the  following  order,  from  right  to  left:  6th  Missouri,  113th  Illinois 
(detachment),  116th  Illinois,  8tli  Missouri,  55th  Illinois,  of  T.  K. 
Smith’s  brigade;  advanced  and  took  position  about  100  yards  from 
the  Confederate  line.  In  the  afternoon,  in  connection  with  Ran- 
som’s brigade  of  the  Seventeenth  Corps,  it  advanced  to  the  assault, 
but  was  not  able  to  reach  the  Confederate  line.  The  ground 
gained  was  held,  and  intrenchments  begun  on  it.  This  tablet 
marks  the  farthest  advance  of  the  8th  Missouri,  in  the  afternoon 
assault.  Casualties:  113th  Illinois  (detachment),  killed  7, 
wounded  20,  total  27;  116th  Illinois,  killed  1,  wounded  8,  total  9, 
Lieut.  Nathan  W.  Wheeler  killed,  Lieut,  Gusten  E.  Hardy  mortally 
wounded;  6th  Missouri,  killed  2,  wounded  13,  total  15;  8th  Mis- 
souri, killed  10,  wounded  40,  missing  1,  total  51 ; aggregate,  killed 
20,  wounded  81,  missing  1,  total  102;  55th  Illinois  of  T.  K.  Smith’s 
brigade,  killed  5,  wounded  13,  total  18. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Ransom's  Brigade ; Assault,  Afternoon  of  May  22,  1863. 

This  brigade  was  formed  for  the  assault,  in  columns  of  regiments 
by  divisions  closed  in  mass,  in  the  following  order,  from  right  to 
left:  72d  Illinois,  14th  Wisconsin,  95th  Illinois,  11th  Illinois  in 
front  and  the  17tli  AVisconsin  in  support.  The  formation  was  in  a 
ravine,  about  100  yards  in  front  of  the  Confederate  line,  and  was 
completed  about  11:00  a.  m.  At  2:15  p.  m.,  the  brigade  advanced 
to  the  assault  and  placed  the  colors  of  the  first  named  four  regi- 
ments close  to  the  Confederate  line.  The  14th  Wisconsin  ap- 
proached closest  and  placed  the  first  flag  in  front  of  that  line.  The 
position  gained  was  held  for  a short  time,  when,  by  order  of  Gen- 
eral Ransom,  the  brigade,  under  cover  of  the  fire  of  the  17th  AVis- 
eonsin.  retired  to  the  ravine  in  which  it  was  formed,  except  that  six 
companies  of  the  14th  Wisconsin,  directly  under  the  Confederate 
works,  could  not  be  withdrawn  until  after  dark.  This  tablet  marks 
the  farthest  advance  of  that  regiment.  Casualties:  lltli  Illinois, 


50 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


killed  3,  wounded  30,  missing  9,  total  42,  Lieut.  Col.  Garrett  Nevius 
killed;  72d  Illinois,  killed  20,  wounded  71,  missing  5,  total  96, 
Lieuts.  Henry  C.  Mowry  and  James  A.  Bingham  killed,  Lieut. 
Col.  Joseph  C.  Wright  mortally  wounded;  95th  Illinois,  killed  18, 
wounded  83,  missing  8,  total  109,  Capts.  Jason  B.  Manzer  and 
Gabriel  E.  Cornwell  killed,  Capt.  Edward  J.  Cook  and  Lieut.  James 
E.  Sponable  mortally  wounded;  14th  Wisconsin,  killed  14,  wounded 
79,  missing  4,  total  97,  Lieut.  Colin  Miller  killed;  17tli  Wisconsin, 
killed  2,  wounded  12,  missing  6.  total  20;  aggregate,  killed  57, 
wounded  275,  missing  32,  total  364. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

John  E.  Smith’s  Brigade;  Assault  May  22,  18G3. 

This  brigade  was  ordered  to  assault  the  Confederate  Third 
Louisiana  Redan  on  north  side  of  Jackson  road.  The  31st  and 
124th  Illinois  regiments  were  deployed  as  sharpshooters.  About 
10  a.  m.  the  23d  Indiana,  advanced  by  the  flank,  in  quick  time, 
with  fixed  bayonets,  followed  by  the  20th  Illinois.  The  leading- 
regiment.  advanced  to  within  about  100  yards  of  the  redan,  filed 
right  and  marched  in  the  new  direction  until  its  left  cleared  the 
road.  It  found  in  its  front  a deep  ravine  covered  with  a heavy 
abatis,  and  was  ordered  to  retire  by  companies.  The  20th  Illinois 
advanced  on  the  road  close  to  the  salient  angle  of  the  redan,  turned 
obliquely  to  the  left  and  found  shelter  on  the  slope  of  the  ridge  in 
front  of  the  Confederate  intrenchment.  At  2 p.  m.  the  45th  Illi- 
nois, under  command  of  Maj.  Luther  H.  Cowen,  advanced  on  the 
road,  by  the  flank,  with  fixed  bayonets,  supported  by  the  20th  Ohio 
of  the  Second  Brigade.  The  leading  regiment  advanced  close  to 
the  salient  angle  of  the  redan,  filed  obliquely  to  the  left  and  found 
shelter  on  the  slope  of  the  ridge  immediately  in  the  rear  of  the 
20th  Illinois.  Both  regiments  remained  in  the  positions  gained 
until  the  evening  of  the  23cl,  when  they  retired  under  orders.  The 
20th  Ohio  was  not  ordered  forward.  This  tablet  marks  the  place 
where  Major  Cowen  was  killed  at  the  head  of  his  regiment.  Cas- 
ualties : 20t,li  Illinois,  wounded  23  ; 31st  Illinois,  killed  3,  wounded 
21,  total  24,  Capt.  Horace  L.  Bowyer  mortally  wounded;  45th  Illi- 
nois, killed  1,  wounded  19,  missing  2,  total  22,  Maj.  Luther  H. 
Cowen  killed ; 124th  Illinois,  wounded  2 ; 23d  Indiana,  killed  3, 
wounded  7,  total  10,  Lieut.  Christian  G.  Zulauf  killed;  aggregate, 
killed  7,  wounded  72,  missing  2,  total  81. 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


51 


UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Affair  of  the  Crater;  June  25-26,  1863. 

A mine  at  the  head  of  Logan’s  approach  to  the  Third  Louisiana 
Redan  was  begun  on  June  23,  finished  the  forenoon  of  June  25 
and  charged  with  2,200  pounds  of  powder.  Leggett’s  (1st)  Brigade 
of  Logan’s  (3d)  Division,  17th  Corps,  occupied  the  trenches,  under 
orders  to  assault.  The  mine  was  fired  about  3 :30  p.  m.,  and  be- 
fore the  smoke  had  cleared  away  the  45tli  Illinois,  at  the  head  of 


One  of  the  Bridges  on  Union  Avenue. 

the  column,  occupied  the  crater  made  by  the  explosion  and  opened 
fire  on  the  Confederates  behind  the  parapet  across  the  gorge  of 
the  redan.  The  20th  Illinois  relieved  the  45th  and  was  relieved 
by  the  31st  Illinois  ; the  56th  Illinois  relieved  the  31st  and  was  re- 
lieved by  the  23d  Indiana ; the  17th  Iowa  relieved  the  23d  Indiana 
and  was  relieved  by  the  31st  Illinois  at  2 a.  m.  of  the  26tli;  the 
45th  Illinois  relieved  the  31st  at  daylight  and  was  relieved  by  the 
124th  Illinois  at  10  a.  m.  That  regiment  held  the  position  until 
5 p.  m.,  when  fighting  ceased  in  the  crater.  Hand-grenades  were 


Indiana  at  Vicksburd. 


freely  used  on  both  sides.  Shells  with  lighted  fuses,  used  as 
grenades  by  the  Confederates,  were  in  some  instances  thrown  back 
before  they  exploded.  This  tablet  marks  the  part  of  the  crater 
nearest  the  Confederate  parapet  across  the  gorge  of  the  redan. 
Casualties  : 20th  Illinois,  killed  2,  wounded  7,  total  9;  31st  Illi- 
nois, killed  7.  wounded  27,  total  34,  Lieut.  Col.  John  D.  Rees  and 
Capt.  Levi  B.  Casey  mortally  wounded;  45th  Illinois,  killed  8, 
wounded  62,  total  70.  Capt.  Leander  B.  Fisk,  acting  major,  killed, 
Lieut.  Col.  Melancthon  Smith  mortally  wounded ; 124th  Illinois, 
killed  6,  wounded  49,  total  55,  Lieut.  Julius  A.  Pratt  killed;  23d 
Indiana,  killed  8,  wounded  31,  total  39,  Capt.  William  M.  Dar- 
rough  mortally  wounded ; aggregate  in  First  Brigade,  Third  Di- 
vision. from  May  23  to  July  4.  inclusive,  killed  31,  wounded  176, 
total  207,  largely  in  crater,  all  officers  named  (except  Captain  Dar- 
rough,  wounded  July  1)  killed  or  mortally  wounded  in  that  affair; 
56th  Illinois,  killed  4,  wounded  13,  total  17,  Lieut.  Andrew  E.  Wal- 
bright  killed ; 17th  Iowa,  killed  3,  wounded  34,  total  37 ; aggre- 
gate in  Second  Brigade,  Seventh  Division,  killed  7,  wounded  47, 
total  54,  all  in  crater. 

CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Third  Louisiana  Redan,  on  left  of  Jackson  Road. 

This  redan  was  held  May  22,  1863,  and  the  assaults  of  the  Union 
force  repulsed  by  the  3d  Louisiana,  with  the  43d  Mississippi  on  its 
left.  The  casualties  cannot  be  accurately  stated. 

A Union  mine  was  fired  under  the  redan  the  afternoon  of  June 
25,  almost  destroying  its  front  parapet,  making  a crater  in  its 
terreplein,  but  not  injuring  a parapet  across  its  gorge.  It  Avas 
then  held  by  the  3d  Louisiana,  supported  by  the  6th  Missouri,  with 
the  38th  Mississippi  on  the  right  and  the  43d  Mississippi  on  the 
left.  The  Union  force  assaulted  immediately  after  the  mine  was 
fired,  occupied  the  crater  and  attempted  to  carry  the  parapet  across 
the  gorge  of  the  redan,  but  was  repulsed.  Colonel  Erwin,  6th  Mis- 
souri, at  the  head  of  some  of  his  men,  attempted  a countercharge 
and  was  killed  on  top  of  the  parapet.  The  Union  force  in  the 
crater  was  successively  relieved  by  fresh  troops,  the  fighting  con- 
tinued all  night  and  most  of  the  next  day  and  the  position  was 
firmly  held.  Hand-grenades  and  shells  with  lighted  fuses  in  place 
of  grenades  A\rere  freely  used  on  both  sides.  After  dark  of  the 
25tli  the  5th  Missouri  reinforced  this  position.  Casualties:  3d 
Louisiana,  killed  6,  wounded  21,  total  27;  38th  Mississippi,  killed 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


53 

1.  wounded  3,  total  4;  43d  Mississippi,  killed  6 (buried  by  firing 
of  mine),  wounded  5,  total  11;  5th  Missouri,  killed  1,  wounded  7, 
total  8;  6th  Missouri,  killed  3,  wounded  22,  total  25.  Col.  Eugene 
Erwin  and  Lieut.  W.  S.  Lipscomb  killed;  aggregate,  killed  17, 
wounded  58.  total  75.  The  2d  Missouri  was  moved  to  this  position 
the  night  of  June  26,  and  the  1st  and  4th  Missouri  (consolidated) 
the  evening  of  July  1.  In  the  afternoon  of  that  day  a second  mine 
was  fired  under  the  redan,  almost  completely  destroying  both  of 
its  faces  and  materially  damaging  the  parapet  across  its  gorge, 
but  no  assault  was  made  by  the  Union  force.  Lieut.  Col.  Pembroke 
S.  Senteny,  2d  Missouri,  and  Lieuts.  John  T.  Crenshaw  and  John 
Roseberry,  6tli  Missouri,  were  killed,  Lieutenant  Crenshaw  being 
buried  by  the  firing  of  the  mine. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Stevenson's  Brigade : Assault.  May  22,  1S63. 

This  brigade,  with  fixed  bayonets,  was  formed  in  two  columns 
of  regiments  by  divisions — the  7th  Missouri  and  81st  Illinois  on 
the  right,  the  8th  Illinois  and  32d  Ohio  on  the  left;  the  17th  Illi- 
nois deployed  in  front  as  skirmishers.  The  formation  was  in  a 
ravine  in  front  of  the  Confederate  line.  The  columns  moved  to 
the  assault  about  10  a.  m.,  the  right  led  by  Captain  Buchanan,  the 
left  led  by  Colonel  Sturges,  and  both  advanced  near  to  the  Con- 
federate intrenchment.  The  left  column  was  halted  and  ordered 
to  form  a reserve  to  the  right,  which  was  ordered  to  form  line,  the 
81st  Illinois  on  the  left  of  the  7tli  Missouri.  This  movement  was 
made  under  a heavy  fire  and  the  men  were  then  ordered  to  lie 
down.  After  a time  the  fire  slackened  and  the  command  was  or- 
dered forward.  The  7th  Missouri  and  the  81st  Illinois  advanced 
close  to  the  ditch  of  the  redoubt,  some  men  of  the  7tli,  carrying 
scaling  ladders,  getting  into  the  ditch.  The  Confederate  fire  was 
again  very  severe  and  both  were  ordered  to  retire  and  reform. 
The  other  regiments  held  their  positions  until  ordered  to  camp  at 
nightfall.  This  tablet  marks  the  farthest  advance  of  the  right  of 
the  line  of  the  7th  Missouri.  Casualties:  8th  Illinois,  killed  4. 
wounded  19.  total  23 ; 17th  Illinois,  killed  3,  wounded  23,  total  26 ; 
81st  Illinois,  killed  18,  wounded  80.  total  98.  Col.  James  J.  Dollins, 
Lieut.  Zebedee  Hammack.  Lieut.  William  L.  Farmer  and  Lieut. 
Hugh  Warnock  killed,  Capt.  Cornelius  S.  Ward  and  Lieut.  Abra- 
ham L.  Lippineott  moi’tallv  wounded;  7th  Missouri,  killed  9. 
wounded  93.  total  102.  Lieut.  Charles  IT.  Brookings  mortally 


54 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


wounded ; 32d  Ohio,  wounded  23 ; aggregate,  killed  34,  wounded 
238,  total  272. 


CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Great  Redoubt  on  Right  of  Jackson  Road. 

This  redoubt  was  held  May  22,  1863,  and  the  assaults  of  the 
Union  force  repulsed  by  the  21st  Louisiana  and  Companies  C and 
D,  22cl  Louisiana.  Casualties : Capt.  J.  Ryan,  21st  Louisiana,  and 
Lieut.  R.  E.  Lehman,  22d  Louisiana,  killed.  The  other  casualties 
cannot  be  accurately  stated. 

The  same  commands  held  the  redoubt  during  the  defense.  Their 
casualties  were:  21st  Louisiana,  killed  16,  wounded  50,  missing  1, 
total  67,  Capt.  J.  Ryan  and  Lieut.  G.  II.  Mann  killed;  22d  Louis- 
iana (detachment),  killed  13,  wounded  23,  missing  1,  total  37, 
Capt.  F.  Gomez  and  Lieut.  R.  E.  Lehman  killed. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Boomer's  Brigade ; Assault,  May  22,  1863. 

First  Position. 

This  brigade  was  formed  about  8 a.  m.,  on  the  right  of  Quinby’s 
Division,  in  columns  of  regiments  by  closed  divisions.  At  10  a.  m. 
the  columns  advanced  to  the  crest  of  the  ridge  in  front  and  were 
halted.  The  brigade  remained  in  this  position,  on  the  left  of 
Stevenson’s  Brigade  of  Logan’s  Division,  until  about  3 p.  m.,  and 
was  then  ordered  to  the  support  of  the  13th  Corps,  on  the  left, 
where  it  was  engaged  in  the  afternoon.  This  tablet  marks  the 
head  of  the  left  column  in  the  first  position.  Casualties  in  this 
position  : 5th  Iowa,  killed  1,  wounded  2,  total  3 ; 10th  Iowa,  killed 
2,  wounded  14,  total  16 ; aggregate,  killed  3,  wounded  16,  total  19. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Benton’s  Brigade;  Assault,  May  22,  1863. 

This  brigade  advanced  by  the  right  flank  at  10  a.  m.  to  assault 
the  Confederate  lunette  on  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road,  through  the 
ravine  that  debouches  on  that  road  immediately  in  front  of  the 
left  face  of  that  lunette,  in  order  from  right  to  left  as  follows : 
99th  Illinois,  33d  Illinois,  8th  Indiana,  18th  Indiana.  The  regi- 
ments encountered  a very  severe  fire  as  they  successively  approached 
the  head  of  the  ravine,  and  the  brigade  took  position  in  front  of 
both  faces  of  the  Confederate  lunette  and  the  curtain  south  of  it — 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


55 


the  99th  Illinois  around  the  salient  angle  of  the  lunette,  the  18th 
Indiana  on  its  right,  the  33d  Illinois  on  the  left  of  the  99th  Illi- 
nois and  the  8th  Indiana  still  farther  to  the  left.  Detachments  of 
the  two  last  named  regiments  crossed  the  railroad  and  took  posi- 
tion in  front  of  the  Confederate  railroad  redoubt.  The  positions 
gained  were  held  either  until  detachments  of  the  brigade  were  re- 
lieved by  Sanborn’s  Brigade  or  until  after  dark,  when  all  the  de- 
tachments not  previously  relieved  retired.  This  tablet  marks  the 
right  of  the  99th  Illinois  as  that  regiment  first  formed,  under  fire, 
around  the  Confederate  lunette  and  the  point  where  its  right  sub- 
stantially remained  until  the  brigade  was  relieved.  Casualties : 
33d  Illinois,  killed  13,  wounded  59,  total  72;  99th  Illinois,  killed 
19,  wounded  77,  missing  6,  total  102,  Lieut.  Thomas  J.  Kinman 
killed,  Capt.  Eli  B.  Smith  and  Lieut.  William  Gray  mortally 
wounded ; 8th  Indiana,  killed  22,  wounded  95,  total  117,  Capts. 
Andrew  O’Daniel,  Frederick  S.  Wysong  and  Hiram  Y.  Vande- 
vender  killed;  18th  Indiana,  killed  7,  wounded  39,  missing  1,  total 
47,  Maj.  John  C.  Jenks  and  Lieut.  John  L.  Lowes  mortally 
wounded;  1st  United  States  (serving  siege  guns),  wounded  3; 
aggregate,  killed  61,  wounded  273,  missing  7,  total  341. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Burbridge’s  Brigade ; Assault,  May  22,  1863. 

This  brigade  was  formed  for  the  assault  in  support  of  Benton ’s, 
advanced  when  that  brigade  became  engaged  and  took  position  on 
its  right — the  16th  Indiana  on  the  left,  the  83d  Ohio  in  the  center, 
the  67th  Indiana  on  the  right,  and  the  23d  Wisconsin,  at  first  in 
reserve,  but  soon  ordered  to  support  the  right  of  the  brigade  with 
four  companies  and  the  left  with  six.  General  Burbridge,  com- 
manding brigade,  ivas  ordered  by  General  Carr  to  send  two  regi- 
ments of  his  command  to  reinforce  General  Benton’s  left.  In 
obedience  to  that  order  the  67th  Indiana  and  23d  Wisconsin  were 
withdrawn  from  the  line ; the  order,  however,  was  soon  counter- 
manded and  the  two  regiments  were  returned  to  the  brigade  line. 
A six-pounder  gun  of  the  Chicago  Mercantile  Battery  was  ordered 
to  the  front,  and  drawn  by  hand,  with  the  assistance  of  enlisted 
men  of  this  brigade  and  of  Benton’s  Brigade,  to  a position  about 
thirty  feet  from  the  Confederate  lunette,  against  which  it  was 
vigorously  served.  The  brigade  maintained  its  position  until  near 
sunset,  when  it  was  relieved  by  Sanborn’s  Brigade  and  retired. 
This  tablet  marks  the  right  of  the  16th  Indiana  and  the  left  of  the 


56 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


83d  Ohio,  as  tlie  brigade  line  was  formed  at  the  time  of  its  closes! 
approach  to  the  Confederate  intrenchment.  Casualties : 16th  In- 
diana, killed  2,  wounded  12,  total  14;  67th  Indiana,  killed  6, 
wounded  23,  total  29 ; 83d  Ohio,  killed  4,  wounded  19,  total  23 ; 
23d  Wisconsin,  killed  2,  wounded  28,  missing  2,  total  32 ; aggregate, 
killed  14,  wounded  82,  missing  2,  total  98. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Sanborn’s  Brigade;  Assault,  May  22,  1863. 

The  4th  Minnesota.,  with  the  48th  Indiana  in  support,  was 
formed  for  the  assaidt  at  10:00  a.  m..  in  line  of  battle  on  the  left 
of  Boomer’s  Brigade,  about  eighty  yards  in  front  of  the  Confed- 
erate intrenchment  and  on  the  slope  of  a ridge  affording  some 
protection.  The  59th  Indiana  was  temporarily  transferred  to 
Boomer’s  Brigade  and  formed  with  it;  the  18th  Wisconsin  was 
deployed  as  skirmishers  in  front  of  that  brigade  and  the  4th  Min- 
nesota. No  assault  was  made  from  that  position,  and,  about  3 :00 
p.  m.,  this  brigade  was  ordered  to  reinforce  General  McClernand’s 
right ; the  59th  Indiana  was  returned  to  its  command  and  the  18th 
Wisconsin  ordered  to  remain  on  the  skirmish  line.  The  three  regi- 
ments moved  to  the  left,  were  directed  to  support  Burbridge’s 
Brigade  in  the  assault  cn  the  Confederate  lunette  on  the  Baldwin’s 
Ferry  road,  marched  by  the  flank  through  the  ravine  that  de- 
bouches on  that  road  at  the  lunette,  formed  line  of  battle,  reliev- 
ing Burbridge’s  Biigade,  in  front  and  to  the  right  of  the  north  face 
of  that  work — 59th  Indiana  on  the  right,  48th  Indiana  in  the  cen- 
ter, 4th  Minnesota  on  the  left;  repulsed  an  attack  on  the  right, 
held  the  position  until  after  dark,  retired  under  orders,  Company 
C,  4th  Minnesota,  assisting  in  the  removal  of  the  gun  of  the  Chi- 
cago Mercantile  Battery,  and  returned,  next  day,  to  the  brigade 
position  on  the  investment  line.  This  tablet  marks  the  right  of  the 
4th  Minnesota  and  the  left  of  the  48th  Indiana,  as  the  three  regi- 
ments of  this  brigade  were  formed  in  position  at  the  Baldwin’s 
Ferry  road.  Casualties : 48th  Indiana.,  killed  8,  wounded  24, 
missing  1,  total  33;  59th  Indiana,  killed  11,  wounded  99,  missing  1, 
total  111,  Lieut.  Marcus  B.  C.  Tripp  killed;  4th  Minnesota,  killed 
12,  wounded  42.  total  54,  Lieut.  George  G.  Sherbrooke  killed,  Lieut, 
Clark  Turner  mortally  wounded:  18th  Wisconsin  (on  skirmish 
line),  killed  5,  wounded  11,  total  16,  Lieut.  William  H.  Alban 
mortally  wounded;  aggregate,  killed  36,  wounded  176,  missing  2, 
total  214. 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


57 


UNION  POSITION  TABLET'. 

Boomer's  Brigade;  Assault,  May  22,  18(13. 

Second  Position. 

This  brigade  moved  from  its  first  position,  on  the  left  of  Ste- 
venson’s Brigade  of  Logan’s  Division,  about  3:00  p.  m.,  reported  to 
General  Carr  about  4:00  p.  m.,  and  was  ordered  to  assault  the  Con- 
federate curtain  between  the  lunette  on  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road 
and  the  railroad  redoubt.  The  brigade  was  formed,  in  two  lines 
with  intervals  of  about  fifty  yards,  behind  the  crest  of  the  ridge, 
about  400  yards  in  front  of  the  Confederate  curtain,  in  the  follow- 
ing order : The  5th  Iowa  on  the  right,  in  front,  with  the  26th  Mis- 
souri in  its  real';  the  93d  Illinois  on  the  left,  in  front,  with  the  10th 
Iowa  in  its  rear.  When  the  formation  was  completed,  the  brigade 
advanced,  at  common  time,  passed  the  first  ridge  and  halted,  near 
the  crest  of  the  second,  to  correct  its  alignment  for  the  final 
assault  on  the  Confederate  curtain — t lie  5tli  Iowa  being  moved  by 
the  left  flank  te  the  rear  and  partly  to  the  left  of  the  93d  Illinois 
and  10th  Iowa,  Immediately  thereafter  the  brigade  commander, 
Col.  George  B.  Boomer,  26th  Missouri,  was  instantly  killed  by  a 
musket  ball  and  the  final  assault  was  not  made.  Col.  Holden  Put- 
nam. 93d  Illinois,  assumed  command,  and,  under  orders  from  Gen- 
eral Carr,  the  brigade  remained  in  position  until  after  dark  and  then 
retired  to  the  position  where  it  was  first  formed  tor  the  afternoon 
assault — returning,  next  day,  to  its  position  on  the  investment  line 
of  the  Seventeenth  Corps.  This  tablet  marks  the  place  where 
Colonel  Boomer  was  killed.  Casualties  in  second  position : 93d 

Illinois,  killed  4,  wounded  51,  total  55;  5th  Iowa,  killed  2,  wounded 
16,  total  18;  10th  Iowa,  wounded  12;  26th  Missouri,  killed  5, 
wounded  5,  total  10,  Col.  George  B.  Boomer  killed;  aggregate,  killed 
11,  wounded  84,  total  95. 

CONFEDEBATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Lunette  on  Right  of  Baldwin’s  Ferry  Road. 

This  salient  lunette  and  the  lines  immediately  on  its  right  and 
left  were  held.  May  22,  1863,  and  the  assaults  cf  the  Union  force 
repulsed,  by  the  2d  Texas  Infantry — the  right  two  companies 
occupying  the  curtain  to  the  right ; the  left  four  companies,  the 
curtain  immediately  north  of  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road;  and  four 
companies  in  the  lunette.  The  42d  Alabama  held  the  curtain  be- 
tween the  right  of  the  2d  Texas  and  the  railroad.  Green’s  Brigade, 
about.  1:00  p.  m.,  reinforced  this  position;  and,  about  5:00  p.  m,. 


58 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


detachments  of  the  1st  and  3d  Missouri  Cavalry  and  of  the  1st 
Arkansas  Cavalry,  dismounted,  made  a sally  from  the  lunette  and 
materially  assisted  in  repulsing  the  Union  assault  on  the  left  flank. 
Before  the  end  of  May  the  left  four  companies  of  the  2d  Texas 
were  moved  into  the  lunette.  A countermine  against  the  Union 
approach  was  fired,  June  28 ; two  others  were  prepared,  but  not 
fired.  Both  the  sap  rollers  in  front  of  the  two  Union  approaches 
to  this  work  were  burned  on  July  1.  This  tablet  marks  the  salient 


r 


Confederate  Gun,  Trench  and  Tablet — City  in  the  Background. 


angle  of  this  lunette.  Casualties:  In  2d  Texas  during  the  de- 
fense: Killed  38,  wounded  73,  missing  15,  total  .126,  Capt.  A.  P. 
Cammed  and  Lieut.  Robert  S.  Henry  killed,  Lieut.  William  F. 
Kirk  mortally  wounded. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Lawler’s  Brigade;  Assault,  May  22,  1863. 

This  brigade  was  formed  for  the  assault  of  the  Confederate 
Railroad  Redoubt,  in  the  ravine  immediately  in  front  of  that  re- 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


59 


doubt,  in  two  lines — the  22d  Iowa  on  the  right,  supported  by  the 
21st  Iowa,  and  the  11  th  Wisconsin  on  the  left,  supported  by  the 
97th  Illinois  of  Land  rain’s  Brigade,  temporarily  attached.  The 
brigade  advanced  to  the  assault  about  10:00  a.  m.,  detachments  of 
the  21st  and  22d  Iowa  reached  the  ditch  of  the  redoubt  and  the  flag 
of  the  22d  was  placed  on  its  parapet;  Sergts.  Joseph  E.  Griffith  and 
N.  C.  Messenger  and  about  twelve  other  enlisted  men  of  that  regi- 
ment mormted  the  parapet  at  the  salient  angle,  entered  the  redoubt, 
captured  a lieutenant  and  about  twelve  enlisted  men,  remained  a 
short  time  in  the  work  and  then  retired  to  its  ditch  and  the  out- 
side slope  of  the  parapet,  after  sustaining  severe  loss.  The  lltli 
Wisconsin  passed  beyond  the  redoubt,  on  its  left,  took  position  in 
the  ravine  in  front  of  the  line  of  the  Confederate  intreneliment 
and  held  the  position  until  after  dark.  About  5 :30  p.  m.  the  Con- 
federates made  a sortie  from  the  intrenchment  in  rear  of  the  re- 
doubt, and  reoecupied  it ; later  in  the  evening,  Lieut.  Col.  Harvey 
Graham,  22d  Iowa,  and  about  twenty-eight  enlisted  men  of  the 
brigade  were  captured  in  the  ditch  of  the  redoubt.  Detachments  of 
the  21st  and  22d  Iowa  remained  in  position  on  the  slope  in  front  of 
the  redoubt  until  after  dark,  when  the  brigade  retired,  under 
orders.  This  tablet  marks  the  place  on  the  parapet  of  the  redoubt 
where  the  flag  of  the  22d  Iowa  was  placed.  Casualties:  21st 
Iowa,  killed  16,  wounded  87,  missing  10,  total  113,  Lieut.  Col.  Cor- 
nelius W.  Dunlap  killed,  Lients.  Samuel  Bates  and  William  A. 
Roberts  mortally  wounded;  22d  Iowa,  killed  27,  wounded  118, 
missing  19,  total  164,  Capt.  James  Robertson  and  Lieut.  Matthew 
A.  Robb  killed;  lltli  Wisconsin,  killed  11,  wounded  80,  total  91, 
Lieut.  Hiram  E.  Smith  killed,  Capt.  Alfred  J.  Beaslee  and  Lieut. 
James  Law  mortally  wounded;  aggregate,  killed  54,  wounded  285, 
missing  29,  total  368. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Landram's  Brigade ; Assault,  May  22,  1863. 

This  brigade  was  formed,  in  support  of  Lawler ’s,  for  the  assault 
of  the  Confederate  Railroad  Redoubt,  behind  the  crest  of  the  ridge, 
about  380  yards  in  front  of  that  redoubt,  in  lines  of  battle — the 
77tli  Illinois  on  the  right  supported  by  the  48th  Ohio,  the  19th 
Kentucky  on  the  left,  the  130th  Illinois  in  support  of  both  right 
and  left.  The  97th  Illinois  was  temporarily  attached  to  Lawler’s 
Brigade  and  formed  with  it,  in  support  of  the  11th  Wisconsin,  on 
the  left  of  that  brigade.  This  brigade  advanced  about  10:00  a.  m., 


GO 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


some  men  of  the  77th  Illinois  reached  the  ditch  of  the  redoubt 
and  the  flag  of  that  regiment  was  placed  on  its  parapet  ; the  brigade 
took  position  on  the  slope  in  front  of  the  redoubt,  and  the  flag  of 
the  130tli  Illinois  was  placed  close  to  that  work.  About  5 :30  p.  nr, 
the  Confederates  made  a sortie  from  the  intrenchment  in  the  rear 
of  the  redoubt  and  reoccupied  it ; later  iu  the  evening,  about  thirty 
men  of  the  brigade  were  captured  in  the  ditch  of  the  redoubt. 
Colonel  Sullivan,  in  his  report,  states  that  the  flag  of  the  48th  Ohio 
was  also  placed  on  the  parapet  and  was  brought  off  just  before  the 
sortie  was  made.  This  brigade  held  its  position  on  the  slope  in 
front  of  the  redoubt  until  after  dark  and  then  retired,  under 
orders.  This  tablet  marks  the  place  on  the  parapet  of  the  redoubt 
where  the  flag  of  the  77th  Illinois  was  placed.  Casualties:  77th 
Illinois,  killed  19,  wounded  85,  missing  26,  total  130;  97th  Illinois, 
wounded  12,  missing  2,  total  14 ; 130th  Illinois,  killed  10,  wounded 
31,  total  41,  Capt.  William  M.  Colby  killed;  19th  Kentucky,  killed 
5,  wounded  57,  missing  2,  total  64,  Maj.  Morgan  V.  Evans  killed; 
48th  Ohio,  killed  10,  wounded  25,  total  35,  Maj.  Virgil  IT.  Moats 
mortally  wounded;  aggregate,  killed  44,  wounded  210,  missing  30, 
total  284. 


CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

The  Railroad  Redoubt. 

This  salient  redoubt  was  occupied,  May  22,  1863,  by  a detach- 
ment of  the  30th  Alabama,  supported  by  two  companies  under 
Maj.  O.  Steele,  of  Waul’s  Texas  Legion.  The  intrenchment  in  rear 
was  held  by  the  30th  Alabama,  reinforced  during  the  day  by  the 
46th  Alabama,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  E.  W.  Pettus,  20th 
Alabama — a large  part  of  the  46tli.  including  all  its  field  officers, 
having  been  captured,  May  16,  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill. 
About  11:00  a.  m.,  a detachment  of  the  I nion  assaulting  force 
reached  the  ditch  of  the  redoubt  and  placed  flags  on  its  parapet,  a 
small  party  entered  this  work  at  its  salient  angle,  where  a breach 
had  been  made  b>  the  Union  artillery,  captured  a lieutenant  and  a 
few  enlisted  men,  held  the  redoubt  a short  time  and  then  retired 
to  its  ditch,  after  sustaining  severe  loss.  This  work  was  retaken, 
about  5:30  p.  in.,  by  detachments  of  Captain  Bradley’s  and  Lieu- 
tenant Hogue’s  companies  of  Waul’s  Texas  Legion,  led  by  Lieut. 
Col.  E.  W.  Pettus,  20th  Alabama;  later  in  the  evening,  a lieutenant 
colonel  and  about  fifty-eight  men  were  captured  in  the  ditch.  The 
casualties  iu  the  commands  defending  and  recapturing  the  redoubt 


Tablet  Inscriptions. 


61 


on  that  day  cannot  he  accurately  stated.  After  May  22,  during 
the  defense,  this  work  was  held  by  companies  of  the  46th  Alabama. 
Countermines  against  the  Union  approach  were  prepared  and  one 
was  fired  the  night  of  July  2.  This  tablet  marks  the  salient  angle 
at  which  the  assaulting  party  entered  this  redoubt  on  May  22. 
Casualties  in  46th  Alabama  during  the  defense:  Killed  15, 
wounded  45.  total  60. 


CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Small  Work  on  Line  of  Lee's  Brigade. 

This  work  was  held  by  the  right  of  the  30th  Alabama,  under 
command  of  Col.  Charles  M.  Shelley,  with  the  31st  Alabama  on  its 
right.  No  direct  assault  was  made  on  it,  but  the  fire  from  this 
work  materially  assisted  in  repulsing  the  assaults,  May  22,  1863, 
on  the  lines  to  its  right  and  left.  During  the  defense,  Brig.  Gen. 
S.  D.  Lee,  commanding  brigade,  made  his  headquarters,  in  the  day- 
time, at  this  work.  The  casualties  in  the  30th  Alabama  during  the 
defense  cannot  be  accurately  staled. 

UNION  POSITION  TABLET. 

Osterkaus’  Division,  Assault,  May  22,  1863. 

This  division  was  formed  for  the  assault  in  three  columns  by 
divisions  at  half  distance,  as  follows:  Right  column,  22d  Ken- 
tucky, 42cl  Ohio ; center  column,  114th  Ohio,  49th  Indiana,  69th 
Indiana;  left  column,  7th  Kentucky,  118th  Illinois,  120th  Ohio. 
The  16th  Ohio  was  deployed  in  front  as  skirmishers.  The  division 
advanced  about  10 :00  a.  m. ; the  heads  of  columns  approached  close 
to  the  Confederate  intrenchment ; the  7th  Kentucky  leading  the  left 
column,  encountered  the  severest  lire  and  suffered  the  greatest  loss. 
This  tablet  marks  the  farthest  advance  of  that  regiment.  The  posi- 
tions gained  were  held  until  after  dark  when  the  division  retired, 
under  orders,  leaving  strong  pickets  and  a line  of  sharpshooters 
on  the  most  advanced  points.  Casualties:  118th  Illinois,  killed 
2,  wounded  3,  total  5 ; 49th  Indiana,  killed  2,  wounded  13,  total  15 ; 
69th  Indiana,  killed  2,  wounded  10,  total  12,  May  John  H.  Finley 
and  Lieut.  Henry  Stratton  mortally  wounded;  7th  Kentucky,  killed 
9,  wounded  60,  total  69,  Lieut.  Thomas  Buchanan  mortally 
wounded;  120th  Ohio,  wounded  1;  22d  Kentucky,  killed  3,  wounded 
14,  total  17 ; 16th  Ohio,  killed  4,  wounded  5,  total  9 ; 42d  Ohio, 
killed  1,  wounded  21,  missing  1,  total  23 ; 114th  Ohio,  killed  6, 


62 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


wounded  23,  total  29,  Lieut.  Willis  C.  Ferguson  mortally  wounded; 
aggregate,  killed  29,  wounded  150,  missing  1,  total  180. 

CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Small  Work  on  Line  of  Lee’s  Brigade. 

Tliis  work  was  held,  May  22,  1863,  and  the  assault  of  the  Union 
force  repulsed,  by  the  31st  Alabama,  under  command  of  Lieut. 
Col.  T.  M.  Arrington,  and  Maj.  G.  W.  Mathieson,  with  the  23d  Ala- 
bama on  its  right  and  the  30th  Alabama  on  its  left.  The  casualties 
in  the  regiment  on  that  day  cannot  be  accurately  stated.  The  regi- 
ment held  the  same  position  until  the  end  of  the  defense.  Cas- 
ualties during  the  defense:  in  31st  Alabama,  killed  21,  wounded 
37,  total  58 ; in  23d  Alabama,  killed  17,  wounded  15,  total  32. 

CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Fort  Garrott  on  Right  of  Lee’s  Brigade. 

This  work  and  the  line  immediately  on  its  left  were  held  by  the 
20th  Alabama.  No  direct  assault  was  made  on  it,  May  22,  1863,  by 
the  Union  force,  but  the  fire  from  this  work  materially  aided  in 
repulsing  the  assault  of  Osterhaus’  Division  on  the  line  to  its  left. 
Col.  Isham  W.  Garrott  was  killed  June  17,  on  duty  in  this  fort, 
and  Lieut.  Col.  E.  W.  Pettus  commanded  the  regiment  from  that 
time  until  the  c-nd  of  the  defense.  Two  countermines  against  the 
Union  approach  were  prepared,  but  not  fired.  The  casualties  in 
the  20th  Alabama  during  the  defense  cannot  be  accurately  stated. 

CONFEDERATE  POSITION  TABLET. 

Salient  Work  on  Left  of  Hall’s  Ferry  Road. 

This  work  was  held  by  the  right  companies  of  the  57th  Georgia, 
under  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  C.  S.  Guyton.  No  assault  was  made 
on  it  by  the  Union  force.  Two  sorties  were  made  from  this  work 
by  its  garrison,  reinforced  by  the  left  companies  of  the  43d  Ten- 
nessee of  Reynolds’  Brigade.  In  the  last  one,  the  night  of  June  22, 
1863,  a lieutenant  colonel  and  five  men  were  captured,  part  of  the 
Union  trench  was  filled,  and,  the  next  night,  a countertrench  from 
this  work  was  begun.  The  ground  gained  was  held  until  the  night 
of  June  24,  when  it  was  retaken  by  the  Union  force.  A counter- 
mine against  the  Union  approach  was  prepared,  but  not  fired.  The 
casualties  in  the  57th  Georgia  during  the  defense  cannot  be  accu- 
rately stated. 


Park  Inscriptions 

For  the  Union  and  Confederate  Commands  Engaged  in  the 
Operations  Commemorated. 


U.  S. 

ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Maj.  Gen.  Ulysses  S.  Grant. 

Escort  and  Guards. 

4th  Illinois  Cavalry.  Company  A,  Capt.  Embury  D.  Osband. 

101st  Illinois  Infantry,  Company  K,  Capt.  Sylvester  L.  Moore. 

Engineers. 

1st  Battalion  Engineer  Regiment  of  the  West,  Maj.  Henry  Find; 

Maj.  Wm.  Tweeddale. 

Pioneer  Corps,  Capt.  John  W.  Fouts. 

9th  Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  John  G.  Parke. 

13th  Corps.  Maj.  Gen.  John  A.  McCIernand;  Maj.  Gen.  Edward  O.  C. 
Ord. 

15th  Corps.  Maj.  Gen.  William  T.  Sherman. 

16th  Corps  (detachment),  Maj.  Gen.  Cadwailader  C.  Washburn. 
17th  Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  James  B.  McPherson. 

Herron's  Division.  Maj.  Gen.  Francis  .J.  Herron. 

Unattached  Cavalry  (three  regiments).  Col.  Cyrus  Bussey. 

District  Northeast  Louisiana,  Brig.  Gen.  Jeremiah  C.  Sullivan ; Brig. 
Gen.  Elias  S.  Dennis. 

Detached  for  Service  on  Gunboats. 

29th  Illinois  Infantry,  detachment. 

101  st  Illinois  Infantry,  detachment. 

58th  Ohio  Infantry,  Maj.  Ezra  P.  Jackson. 

The  13th,  15tli  and  17th  Corps  were  engaged  in  the  battles  and 
movements  of  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  beginning  March  29,  1863 ; 
took  position  on  the  investment  line  May  19 — the  15th  on  the  right, 
the  17th  in  the  center,  the  13th  on  the  left,  and  made  unsuccessful 
assaults  on  the  Confederate  line  of  defense  the  afternoon  of  May 
19  and  on  May  22.  One  division  of  the  16th  Corps  took  position 
on  the  left  of  the  13th,  May  25,  and  Herron’s  Division  on  the  ex- 
treme left,  June  15.  The  9th  Corps,  two  divisions  of  the  16th,  and 


(63) 


64 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


seven  brigades  from  the  other  corps  were  deployed  on  an  exterior 
line,  from  Haynes’  Bluff  on  the  left  to  the  Big  Black  River  Bridge 
on  the  right,  to  guard  against  attack  by  Johnston’s  army,  and  were 
under  command  of  General  Sherman  after  June  22.  Siege  opera- 
tions were  carried  on  from  May  23  to  July  3,  when  a proposal  for 
capitulation  came  to  General  Grant  from  General  Pemberton.  They 
met  for  conference  that  afternoon  between  the  lines  and  near  the 
Jackson  road.  The  terms  of  capitulation  were  agreed  upon  by  cor- 
respondence after  the  meeting,  and.  July  4,  the  Confederate  army 
of  Vicksburg  was  surrendered  to  General  Grant,  and  a detachment 
of  his  army  occupied  the  city.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties 
in  the  army,  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  1,581, 
wounded  7,554,  missing  1,007,  total  10.142. 


U.  S. 

NINTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Maj.  Gen.  John  G.  Parke. 

1st  Division.  Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  Welsh. 

2d  Division.  Brig.  Gen.  Robert  B.  Potter. 

Artillery  Reserve  : 2d  United  States,  Battery  E.  Lieut.  Samuel  N. 

Benjamin. 

The  two  divisions  of  the  corps  were  ordered  from  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Ohio  June  3,  1863 ; arrived  in  the  Yazoo  River  on  trans- 
ports from  Cairo;  disembarked  June  17;  took  position  from  Mill- 
dale  to  Templeton’s,  and  slightly  fortified  that  line.  By  order  of 
General  Sherman,  the  corps  took  position  on  the  exterior  line  from 
Haynes’  Bluff  to  the  railroad  crossing  of  Big  Black  River  June  29, 
the  center  of  the  corps  line  near  Wixon’s,  fortified  that  position 
and  occupied  it  until  the  end  of  the  siege. 


U.  S. 

FIRST  DIVISION. 

NINTH  CORPS:  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  Welsh. 

First  Brigade. 

Col.  Henry  Bowman. 

36th  Massachusetts,  Lieut.  Col.  John  P>.  Norton. 

17th  Michigan,  Lieut.  Col.  Constant  Luce. 

27tli  Michigan,  Lieut.  Col.  John  H.  Richardson;  Col.  Dorus  M.  Fox. 
45th  Pennsylvania.  Col.  John  T,  Curtin, 


Park  Inscriptions. 


65 


Third  Brigade. 

Col.  Daniel  Leasure. 

2d  Michigan,  Col.  William  Humphrey. 

Stii  Michigan,  Col.  Frank  Graves. 

20th  Michigan,  Lieut.  Col.  W.  Huntington  Smith. 
79th  New  York,  Col.  David  Morrison. 

100th  Pennsylvania,  Lieut.  Col.  Mathew  M.  Dawson. 


Artillery. 

Pennsylvania  Light,  Battery  D,  Capt.  George  W.  Durell. 


U.  S. 

SECOND  DIVISION. 

NINTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 
Brig.  Gen.  Robert  B.  Potter. 


First  Brigade. 

Col.  Simon  G.  Griffin. 

6th  New  Hampshire.  Lieut.  Col.  Henry  II.  Pearson. 
9th  New  Hampshire.  Col.  Herbert  B.  Titus. 

7th  Rhode  Island,  Col.  Zenas  R.  Vliss. 

Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  Edward  Ferrero. 

35th  Massachusetts,  Col.  Sumner  Carruth. 

11th  New  PIampshire,  Lieut.  Col.  Moses  N.  Collins. 
51st  New  York,  Col.  Charles  W.  LeGendre. 

51st  Pennsylvania,  Col.  John  F.  Hartranft. 

Third  Brigade. 

Col.  Benjamin  C.  Christ. 

29th  Massachusetts.  Lieut.  Col.  Joseph  II.  Barnes. 
46th  New  York.  Col.  Joseph  Gerhardt. 

50th  Pennsy'lvania.  Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  S.  Brenholtz. 

Artillery. 

2d  New  York  Light,  Battery  L,  Capt.  Jacob  Roemer. 


[5] 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


66 


u.  s. 

THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Maj.  Geu.  John  A.  McClernand. 

Maj.  Gen.  Edward  O.  C.  Ord. 

Escort. 

3d  Illinois  Cavalry,  Company  L,  Capt.  David  R.  Sparks. 

Pioneers. 

Kentucky  Infantry  (independent  company),  Capt.  Win.  F.  Patterson. 

9th  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  Peter  J.  Osterhaus ; Brig.  Gen.  Albert  L. 

Lee;  Brig.  Gen.  Peter  J.  Osterhaus. 

10th  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  Andrew  .T.  Smith. 

12tii  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  Alvin  P.  Hovey. 

14th  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  Eugene  A.  Carr. 

The  corps  held  the  advance  in  the  march  from  Milliken’s  Bend, 
Louisiana;  went  on  board  transports  at  Perkins’  Landing,  April  28, 
1863,  under  orders  to  attack  Grand  Gulf  next  day ; crossed  the 
river  to  Bruinsburg,  Mississippi,  April  30;  held  the  advance  in  the 
march  towards  Port  Gibson ; took  position  on  the  investment  line 
May  19,  and  made  approaches  to  three  points  on  the  Confederate 
line  of  defense.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1, 
killed  125,  wounded  678,  missing  23,  total  826;  in  the  engagement 
at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed  1,  wounded  2,  total  3 ; in  the  battle  of 
Champion’s  Ilill,  May  16,  killed  231,  wounded  987,  missing  145, 
total  1,363 ; in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17, 
killed  39,  wounded  237,  missing  3,  total  279;  in  skirmishes  about 
Vicksburg,  killed  8,  wounded  23,  total  31 ; in  the  assault,  May  19, 
killed  7,  wounded  93,  total  100 ; in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  202, 
wounded  1,004,  missing  69,  total  1,275;  during  the  siege,  killed  21, 
wounded  101.  missing  1,  total  123;  in  the  attack  on  Milliken’s  Bend, 
Louisiana,  June  7,  killed  23,  wounded  34,  total  57 ; and  other  minor 
combats,  wounded  10.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
corps  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  657,  wounded 
3,169,  missing  241,  total  4,067. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


67 


U.  S. 

NINTH  DIVISION. 

THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Peter  J.  Osterhaus. 

Brig.  Geu.  Albert  L.  Lee. 

Brig.  Gen.  Peter  J.  Osterhaus. 

1st  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Theophilus  T.  Garrard ; Brig.  Gen.  Albert  L. 

Lee;  Col.  James  Keigwin. 

2d  Brigade,  Col.  Lionel  A.  Slieldon ; Col.  Daniel  W.  Lindsey. 

Cavalry  (three  detachments). 

Artillery  (two  batteries),  Capt.  Jacob  T.  Foster. 

The  division  began  the  march  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana, 
March  31,  1863;  advanced  in  three  columns  with  division  fronts 
against  the  Confederate  line  of  defense  immediately  north  of  Fort 
Garrott,  in  the  assault,  May  22.  and  carried  the  colei’s  of  its  leading 
regiments  close  to  that  line.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Port 
Gibson,  May  1,  killed  36,  wounded  175,  missing  3,  total  214,  one 
officer  killed;  in  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed  1, 
wounded  2,  total  3 ; in  the  battle  of  Champion ’s  Hill,  May  16, 
killed  19,  wounded  88,  missing  26,  total  133,  three  officers  killed ; in 
the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17,  killed  10, 
wounded  20,  missing  1,  total  31,  one  officer  killed;  in  skirmishes 
about  Vicksburg,  killed  3,  wounded  9.  total  12 ; in  the  assault,  May 
19,  killed  2,  wounded  62,  total  64 ; in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  29, 
wounded  150,  missing  1,  total  180,  four  officers  mortally  wounded; 
during  the  siege,  wounded  12 ; and  other  minor  combats,  wounded 
6.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  division  during  the 
campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  100.  wounded  524,  missing  31, 
total,  655. 

U.  S. 

First  Brigade. 

NINTH  DIVISION ; THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Theophilus  T.  Garrard. 

Brig.  Gen.  Albert  L.  Lee. 

Col.  James  Keigwin. 

118th  Illinois,  Col.  John  G.  Fonda. 

49th  Indiana.  Col  James  Keigwin;  Lieut.  Col.  Joseph  H.  Thornton; 

Col.  James  Kiegwin ; Maj.  Arthur  J.  Hawhe ; Lieut.  Col.  Joseph 

H.  Thornton. 

69  th  Indiana,  Col.  Thomas  W.  Bennett;  Lieut.  Col.  Oran  Perry. 

7th  Kentucky,  Capt.  Elisha  B.  Treadway;  Lieut.  Col.  John  Lucas; 

Capt.  Elisha  B.  Treadway ; Col.  Reuben  May. 

120th  Ohio.  Col.  Marcus  M.  Spiegel. 


68 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


The  brigade  was  ordered  to  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  23. 
1863,  under  command  of  General  Osterhaus,  and  remained  there 
until  the  end  of  the  siege.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Port  Gib- 
son, May  1,  killed  18,  wounded  102,  missing  3.  total  123;  in  the  bat- 
tle of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  11,  wounded  44,  missing  13, 
total  68,  three  officers  killed;  in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River 
Bridge,  May  17,  wounded  1 ; in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  killed 
1 ; in  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  1,  wounded  28,  total  29 ; in  the 
assault,  May  22,  killed  15,  wounded  87,  total,  102,  three  officers 
mortally  wounded;  and  in  skirmish  near  Edwards,  July  1,  wounded 
3.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the 
campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  46,  wounded  265,  missing  16. 
total  327. 

U.  S. 

Second  Brigade. 

NINTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Lionel  A.  Sheldon; 

Col.  Daniel  W.  Lindsey. 

54th  Indiana,  Col.  Fielding  Mansfield. 

22d  Kentucky,  Maj.  William  J.  Worthington;  Lieut.  Col.  George  W. 

Monroe. 

16tii  Ohio,  Capt.  Eli  W.  Botsford ; Maj.  Milton  Mills. 

42d  Ohio,  Lieut.  Col.  Don  A.  Pardee;  Maj.  William  H.  Williams;  Col. 

Lionel  A.  Sheldon. 

114th  Ohio,  Col.  John  Cradlebaugh;  Lieut.  Col.  John  H.  Kelley;  Col. 

John  Cradlebaugh ; Lieut.  Col.  John  H.  Kelley. 

The  brigade  took  position  on  the  investment  line  on  the  left  of 
Carr’s  Division  and  the  right  of  Hovey’s,  temporarily  under  com- 
mand of  General  Hovey;  its  regiments  (excepting  the  114th  Ohio, 
sent  to  garrison,  Warrenton.  Mississippi)  were  successively  ordered 
to  report  to  General  Osterhaus  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge  during 
the  siege.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  1863, 
killed  15,  wounded  66,  total,  81,  one  officer  killed ; in  the  battle  of 
Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  6,  wounded  42,  missing  13,  total 
61 ; in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17,  killed 
10,  wounded  14,  missing  1,  total  25,  one  officer  killed ; in  skirmishes 
about  Vicksburg,  killed  2,  wounded  8,  total  10;  in  the  assault,  May 
19,  killed  1,  wounded  34,  total  35;  in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  14, 
wounded  63,  missing  1,  total  78,  one  officer  mortally  wounded;  dur- 
ing the  siege,  wounded  12.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in 
the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  48,  wounded 
239,  missing  15,  total  302. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


69 


U.  S. 

Cavalry. 

NINTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

2d  Illinois  (five  companies),  Lieut.  Col.  Daniel  P>.  Bush.  Jr. 

3d  Illinois  (three  companies),  Capt.  John  L.  Campbell. 

6th  Missouri  (seven  Companies),  Col.  Clark  Wright. 

Casualties:  In  skirmish  at  Dunbar’s  Plantation,  Louisiana, 
April  15,  1863,  wounded  2 (in  2d  Illinois)  ; in  the  engagement  at 
Jackson,  May  14,  killed  1,  wounded  2,  total  3 (in  6tli  Missouri)  ; in 
the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  2,  wounded  2,  total  4 
(3d  Illinois,  wounded  1,  6th  Missouri,  killed  2,  wounded  1,  total  3)  ; 
and  in  skirmish  at  Birdsong  Ferry,  June  12,  wounded  1 (in  6tli  Mis- 
souri). The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  three  detachments 
during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  3,  wounded  7,  total  10. 


U.  S. 

Artillery. 

NINTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Capt.  Jacob  T.  Foster. 

Michigan  Light,  Tth  Battery,  Capt.  Charles  II.  Lanphere. 

Wisconsin  Light,  1st  Battery,  Lieut.  Charles  B.  Kimball;  Lieut. 

Oscar  F.  Nutting. 

Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  1863,  killed 
3,  wounded  7,  total  10  (in  Michigan  Battery,  killed  3,  wounded  3, 
total  6;  in  Wisconsin  Battery,  wounded  4)  ; in  the  engagement  at 
Big  Black  Kiver  Bridge,  May  17,  wounded  4 (in  Wisconsin  Bat- 
tery) ; and  in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  wounded  1 (in  Michigan 
Battery).  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  command  dur- 
ing the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  3,  wounded  12,  total  15. 


70 


Indiana  at  Vicksbubg. 


u.  s. 

TENTH  DIVISION. 

THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Andrew  J.  Smith. 

Escort. 

4th  Indiana  Cavalry,  Company  C,  Capt.  Joseph  P.  Lesslie;  Capt. 
Andrew  P.  Gallagher. 

1st  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Stephen  G.  Bin-bridge. 

2d  Bricade,  Col.  William  .T.  Landram. 

Artillery,  two  batteries. 

The  division  held  the  right  of  the  corps  investment  line  and 
made  an  approach  to  within  about  ten  feet  of  the  ditch  of  the  Con- 


Confederate  South  Fort — Looking  North. 

federate  lunette  on  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road.  Casualties:  In  the 
battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  1863,  killed  2,  wounded  29,  missing 
8,  total  39;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  wounded  25; 
in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17,  wounded  1, 
missing  1,  total  2 ; in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  killed  4,  wounded 


Park  Inscriptions. 


71 


14,  total  18 : in  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  5,  wounded  30.  total  35 ; 
in  the  assault.  May  22,  killed  58,  wounded  295,  missing  32,  total 
385,  three  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded ; and  during  the  siege, 
killed  1,  wounded  11,  missing  1,  total  13.  The  aggregate  reported 
casualties  in  the  division  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were, 
killed  70,  wounded  405,  missing  42,  total  517. 


u.  s. 

First  Brigade. 

TENTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Stephen  G.  Burbridge. 

16th  Indiana,  Col.  Thomas  J.  Lucas;  Maj.  James  FI.  Redfield. 

60th  Indiana.  Col.  Richard  Oweo. 

67th  Indiana,  Lieut-  Col.  Theodore  E.  Buehler. 

83d  Ohio,  Col.  Frederick  W.  Moore. 

96th  Ohio,  Lieut.  Col.  Albert  FI.  Brown;  Col.  Joseph  W.  Vance. 

23d  Wisconsin,  Col.  Joshua  J.  Guppey;  Lieut.  Col.  William  F.  Vilas. 

The  brigade,  in  support  of  Benton’s  Brigade  of  Carr’s  Di- 
vision, attacked  the  north  face  of  the  lunette  on  the  Baldwin’s 
Ferry  road,  in  the  assault,  May  22,  1863,  placed  its  colors  close  to 
that  work,  and  held  its  position  until  relieved  by  Sanborn’s  Brigade 
of  Quinby’s  Division.  17th  Corps.  It  held  the  left  of  the  division 
investment  line.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1, 
wounded  8;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill.  May  16.  wounded  16; 
in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17,  wounded  1, 
missing  1,  total  2 ; in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  killed  3,  wounded 
14,  total  17.  one  officer  killed;  in  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  2, 
wounded  15,  total  17  ; and  in  the  assault.  May  22,  killed  14,  wounded 
82,  missing  2,  total  98.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  19,  wounded 
136,  missing  3,  total  158. 


72 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


u.  s. 

Second  Brigade. 

TENTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Col.  William  .T.  Landram. 

77th  Illinois,  Col.  David  P.  Grier. 

97tii  Illinois,  Col.  Friend  S.  Rutherford;  Lieut.  Col.  Lewis  D.  Mar- 
tin. 

130th  Illinois,  Col.  Nathaniel  Niles. 

19th  Kentucky,  Lieut.  Col.  John  Cowan;  Maj.  Josiah  J.  Mann. 

48th  Ohio,  Capt.  Joseph  W.  Lindsey;  Maj.  Virgil  H.  Moats;  Lieut. 
Col.  Job  R.  Parker;  Capt.  Joseph  W.  Lindsey;  Col.  Peter  J.  Sul- 
livan. 

The  brigade,  in  support  of  Lawler’s  Brigade  of  Carr’s  Division, 
attacked  the  railroad  redoubt,  in  the  assault,  May  22,  1863,  placed 
the  colors  of  the  77th  Illinois  on  the  parapet  of  that  work,  and  held 
its  position  in  front  of  the  redoubt  until  dark.  It  held  the  right  of 
the  division  investment  line.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Port 
Gibson,  May  1,  killed  2,  wounded  21,  missing  8,  total  31;  in  the 
battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  wounded  6;  in  skirmishes  about 
Vicksburg,  1 officer  killed ; in  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  3,  wounded 
15,  total  18 ; in  the  assault.  May  22,  killed  44,  wounded  210,  missing 
30,  total  284,  three  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  and  during 
the  siege,  killed  1,  wounded  11,  missing  1,  total  13.  The  aggregate 
reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege 
were,  killed  51,  wounded  263,  missing  39,  total  353. 

u.  s. 

Artillery. 

TENTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Chicago  Mercantile  Battery,  Capt.  Patrick  H.  White. 

Ohio  Light,  17th  Battery,  Capt.  Ambrose  A.  Blount;  Capt.  Charles 
S.  Rice. 

In  the  assault,  May  22,  1863,  one  gun  of  the  Chicago  Mercantile 
Battery  was  dragged  by  hand  to  within  a few  yards  of  the  Confed- 
erate lunette  on  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road  and  served  against  that 
work  for  several  hours.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Champion ’s 
Hill,  May  16,  wounded  3 (in  the  Chicago  Mercantile  Battery)  ; and 
in  the  assault,  May  22,  wounded  3 (in  the  Ohio  Battery).  The 
aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  tvro  batteries  during  the  cam- 
paign and  siege  were,  wounded  6. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


73 


u.  s. 

TWELFTH  DIVISION. 

THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Alvin  P.  Hovey. 

Escort. 

1st  Indiana  Cavalry,  Company  C.  Capt.  William  McReynolds;  Lieut. 

James  L.  Carey. 

1st  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  George  F.  McGinnis;  Col.  William  T.  Spicely; 

Brig.  Gen.  George  F.  McGinnis. 

2d  Brigade.  Coi.  Peter  Kinney;  Col.  James  R.  Slack. 

Artillery,  three  batteries. 

The  division  held  the  left  of  the  corps  investment  line  and  made 
an  approach  to  within  about  thirty-five  feet  of  the  ditch  of  the  Con- 
federate Fort  Garrott.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson, 
May  1,  1863,  killed  45,  wounded  252,  missing  12,  total  309;  in  skir- 
mish on  Fourteen-Mile  Creek.  May  13,  wounded  4,  cannot  be  dis- 
tributed between  the  two  brigades;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill, 
May  16,  killed  211.  wounded  872,  missing  119,  total  1,202,  nineteen 
officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded ; and  during  the  siege,  killed  19, 
wounded  76,  total  95,  cannot  be  distributed  between  the  two 
brigades.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  division  during 
the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  275,  wounded  1,204.  missing 
131.  total  1,610. 

U.  S. 

First  Brigade. 

TWELFTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 

TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  George  F.  McGinnis; 

Col.  William  T.  Spicely; 

Brig.  Gen.  George  F.  McGinnis. 

11th  Indiana,  Col.  Daniel  Macauley;  Lieut.  Col,  William  W.  Darnall. 

24th  Indiana,  Col.  William  T.  Spicely. 

34th  Indiana,  Col.  Robert  A.  Cameron ; Lieut.  Col.  William  Swaim ; 

Maj.  Robert  B.  Jones;  Col.  Robert  A.  Cameron. 

46th  Indiana,  Col.  Thomas  H.  Bringhurst. 

29th  Wisconsin,  Col.  Charles  R.  Gill ; Lieut.  Col.  William  A.  Greene. 

The  brigade  was  in  support  of  Osterhaus’  Division  in  the 
assault,  May  22,  1863,  and  was  not  seriously  engaged ; it  held  the 
left  of  the  division  investment  line.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of 
Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed  30,  wounded  187,  missing  1,  total  218; 
and  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16.  killed  102,  wounded 
506,  missing  26,  total  634,  seven  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 


74 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  cam- 
paign and  siege  were,  killed  132,  wounded  693,  missing  27,  total  852. 


U.  S. 

Second  Brigade. 

TWELFTH  DIVISION ; THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Peter  Kinney  : 

Col.  James  R.  Slack. 

87th  Illinois,  Col.  John  E.  Whiting. 

47th  Indiana,  Col.  James  R.  Slack;  Lieut.  Col.  John  A.  McLaughlin. 

24ti-i  Iowa,  Col.  Eber  C.  Byaiu ; Lieut.  Col.  John  Q.  Wilds. 

28tii  Iowa,  Col.  John  Connell. 

56th  Ohio,  Col.  William  H.  Raynor. 

The  brigade  was  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge  during  the  assault, 
May  22,  1863,  and  took  position  on  the  right  of  the  division  invest- 
ment line  May  25.  The  87th  Illinois  was  assigned  June  23.  Cas- 
ualties: In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed  15,  wounded 
62,  missing  11,  total  88;  and  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May 
16,  killed  108,  wounded  363,  missing  93,  total  564,  eleven  officers 
killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in 
the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  123, 
wounded  425,  missing  104,  total  652. 

U.  S. 

Artillery. 

TWELFTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 

TENNESSEE. 

1st  Missouri  Light,  Battery  A,  Capt.  George  W.  Schofield. 

Ohio  Light,  2d  Battery,  Lieut.  Augustus  Beach. 

Ohio  Light,  16th  Battery,  Capt.  James  A.  Mitchell;  Lieut.  Russell 
P.  Twist. 

The  2d  Ohio  Battery  was  with  General  Osterhaus  at  Big  Black 
River  Bridge  during  the  siege.  The  Missouri  Battery  served  the 
siege  guns  on  the  investment  line  of  Hovey’s  Division.  Casualties: 
In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  1863,  wounded  3 (in  the  2d 
Ohio  Battery)  ; and  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill.  May  16, 
killed  1,  wounded  3,  total  4 (in  the  Missouri  Battery,  wounded  2, 
and  in  the  16th  Ohio  Battery,  killed  Capt.  James  A.  Mitchell, 
wounded  1,  total  2).  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
three  batteries  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  1, 
wounded  6,  total  7. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


75 


u.  s. 

FOURTEENTH  DIVISION. 

THIRTEENTH  CORPS:  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 
Brig.  Gen.  Eugene  A.  Carr. 


Escort. 

3d  Illinois  Cavalry,  Company  G.  Capt.  Enos  McPhail ; Capt.  Samuel 
S.  Marrett. 

1st  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  William  P.  Benton;  Col.  Henry  D.  Washburn; 
Col.  David  Shunk. 

2d  Brigade,  Col.  Charles  L.  Harris;  Col.  William  M.  Stone;  Col.  Sam- 
uel Merrill;  Col.  William  M.  Stone;  Brig.  Gen.  Michael  K.  Law- 
ler. 

Artillery,  two  batteries. 

The  division  was  in  advance  in  the  march  from  Bruinsbnrg 
towards  Port  Gibson,  held  the  center  of  the  corps  investment  line, 
and  made  an  approach  to  within  about  thirty  feet  of  the  ditch  of 
the  Confederate  Railroad  Redoubt.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of 
Port  Gibson,  May  1.  1863,  killed  42,  wounded  222,  total  264;  in 
the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  1.  wounded  2,  total  3; 
in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17,  killed  29. 
wounded  216.  missing  1,  total  246,  six  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded ; in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  one  officer  killed ; in  the 
assault,  May  22,  killed  115,  wounded  559,  missing  36,  total  710,  six- 
teen officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  in  the  attack  on  Milliken’s 
Bend,  Louisiana,  June  7.  killed  23,  wounded  34,  total  57 ; and  dur- 
ing the  siege,  killed  Capt.  Enos  McPhail.  wounded  2,  total  3.  The 
aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  division  during  the  campaign 
and  siege  were,  killed  212,  wounded  1.035,  missing  37,  total  1.284. 


U.  S. 

First  Brigade. 

FOURTEENTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORTS ; ARMY  OF  THE 

TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  P.  Benton  ; 

Col.  Henry  D.  Washburn. 

Col.  David  Shunk. 

33d  Illinois,  Col.  Charles  E.  Lippinc-ott. 

99th  Illinois,  Col.  George  W.  K.  Bailey ; Capt.  Asa  C.  Matthews ; 
Lieut.  Col.  Lemuel  Parke. 

8th  Indiana,  Col.  David  Shunk ; Maj.  Thomas  J.  Brady. 

18th  Indiana,  Col.  Henry  D.  Washburn ; Capt.  Jonathan  H.  Wil- 
liams. 

1st  LInited  States  (siege  guns),  Maj.  Maurice  Maloney. 


76 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


The  brigade  advanced  against  the  Confederate  Lunette  on  the 
Baldwin’s  Ferry  road  in  the  assault,  May  22,  1863,  and  placed  the 
colors  of  its  regiments  close  to  that  work  and  to  the  curtain  south 
of  it,  the  flag  of  the  99th  Illinois  being  carried  across  the  curtain. 
The  brigade  held  the  right  of  the  division  investment  line.  Casual- 
ties : In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed  27,  wounded  134, 
total  161;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  1, 
wounded  2,  total  3 ; in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River 
Bridge,  May  17,  killed  1,  wounded  22,  missing  1,  total  24;  in  skir- 
mishes about  Vicksburg,  one  officer  killed;  in  the  assault,  May  22, 
killed  61,  wounded  273,  missing  7.  total  341,  eight  officers  killed  or 
mortally  wounded;  and  during  the  siege,  one  officer  and  one  en- 
listed man  of  the  1st  U.  S.  Infantry  mortally  wounded.  The  aggre- 
gate reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and 
siege  were,  killed  91,  wounded  433.  missing  8,  total  532. 

TJ.  S. 

Second  Brigade. 

FOURTEENTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 

TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Charles  E.  Harris  ; 

Col.  William  M.  Stone  ; 

Col.  Samltel  Merrill  ; 

Col.  William  M.  Stone  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  Michael  K.  Lawler. 

21st  Iowa,  Col.  Samuel  Merrill;  Maj.  Salue  G.  Van  Anda ; Lieut.  Col. 
Cornelius  W.  Dunlap;  Maj.  Salue  G.  Van  Anda. 

22n  Iowa.  Lieut.  Col.  Harvey  Graham;  Col.  William  M.  Stone;  Maj. 
Joseph  B.  Atherton ; Col.  William  M.  Stone ; Lieut.  Col.  Harvey 
Graham ; Maj.  Joseph  B.  Atherton ; Capt.  Charles  N.  Lee. 

23d  Iowa,  Lieut.  Col.  Samuel  L.  Glasgow;  Col.  William  H.  Kinsman: 
Col.  Samuel  L.  Glasgow. 

11th  Wisconsin,  Lieut.  Col.  Charles  A.  Wood;  Col.  Charles  L.  Har- 
ris ; Maj.  Arthur  Platt. 

The  brigade  advanced  against  the  Confederate  Railroad  Re- 
doubt in  the  assault,  May  22,  1863,  placed  the  colors  of  the  22d 
Iowa  on  the  parapet  of  that  work,  and  temporarily  occupied  a part 
of  it  with  a small  detachment.  The  23d  Iowa  was  detailed  to  guard 
prisoners  to  Memphis,  Tennessee,  at  the  close  of  the  engagement  at 
Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17,  and  was  engaged  in  the  attack  on 
Milliken’s  Bend.  Louisiana,  June  7,  before  rejoining  the  brigade. 
Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed  13, 
wounded  88,  total  101 ; in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River 
Bridge,  May  17,  killed  27,  wounded  194,  total  221,  Col.  William  H. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


77 


Kinsman  and  five  other  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  in  the 
assault,  May  22,  killed  54,  wounded  285,  missing  29,  total  368,  Lieut. 
Col.  Cornelius  W.  Dunlap  and  seven  other  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded;  and  in  the  attack  on  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  June  7. 
killed  23,  wounded  34,  total  57.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties 
in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  117, 
wounded  601.  missing  29.  total  747. 


Gun  of  the  First  Battery,  Indiana  Light  Artillery. 

U.  S. 

Artillery. 

FOURTEENTH  DIVISION;  THIRTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 

TENNESSEE. 

2d  Illinois  Light.  Battery  A,  Lieut.  Jacob  C.  Hansel ; Lieut.  Frank 
B.  Fenton ; Capt.  Peter  Davidson. 

Indiana  Light,  1st  Battery,  Capt.  Martin  Klauss. 

Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  1863,  killed  2 
(one  in  each  battery)  ; in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River 
Bridge,  May  17,  killed  1 (in  the  Indiana  Battery)  ; and  in  the 
assault,  May  22,  wounded  1 (in  the  Indiana  Battery).  The  aggre- 


78 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


gate  reported  casualties  in  the  two  batteries  during  the  campaign 
and  siege  were,  killed  3,  wounded  1,  total  4. 

U.  S. 

FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Ma.j.  Gen.  William  T.  Siiekman. 

1st  Division,  Maj.  Gen.  Frederick  Steele. 

2d  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  David  Stuart ; Maj.  Gen.  Frank  P.  Blair. 

3d  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  Janies  M.  Tuttle. 

Cavalry  : 4tli  Iowa,  Lieut.  Col.  Simeon  D.  Swan. 

Artillery  (nine  batteries).  Maj.  Ezra  Taylor. 

The  corps  took  position  on  the  right  of  the  investment  line,  May 
39,  1863 — Steele’s  Division  on  the  right,  resting  its  right  at  the  river 
above  Vicksburg,  Blair’s  on  the  left  across  the  Graveyard  road,  and 
Tuttle’s  at  first  in  reserve  but  later  in  the  center.  It  made  close 
approaches  to  four  points  on  the  Confederate  line  of  defense  and 
started  mines  at  all  of  them.  Casualties : In  skirmish  on  Four- 
teen-Mile Creek,  May  12,  killed  6,  wounded  6,  total  12 ; in  the  en- 
gagement at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed  6,  wounded  22,  missing  4, 
total  32 ; in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  killed  4.  wounded  16,  miss- 
ing 2,  total  22;  in  the  assault.  May  19,  killed  134,  wounded  571, 
missing  8,  total  713 ; in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  150,  wounded 
666,  missing  42.  total  858 ; during  the  siege,  killed  19,  wounded  31, 
missing  1,  total  51 ; in  action  at  Hill’s  Plantation,  June  22,  killed  8, 
wounded  16,  missing  23,  total  47 ; and  other  minor  combats,  killed 
1,  wounded  11,  total  12.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
corps  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  328,  wounded 
1,339,  missing  80,  total  1,747. 


u.  s. 

FIRST  DIVISION. 

FIFTEENTH  lORPS ; ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Maj.  Gen.  Frederick  Steele. 

Cavalry. 

Kane  County  (Illinois)  Independent  Company,  Lieut.  Thomas  J. 
Beebe. 

3d  Illinois,  Company  D.  Lieut.  James  K.  McLean;  Capt.  Thomas  M. 
Davis;  Lieut.  Jonathan  Kershner. 

1st  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  Frank  P.  Blair;  Col.  Francis  FI.  Manter;  Col. 
Bernard  G.  Farrar. 

2d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Charles  FI.  IFovey ; Col.  Charles  R.  Woods.. 

3d  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  John  M.  Thayer. 

Artillery,  three  batteries. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


79 


The  division  marched  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  May  2, 
1863 ; crossed  the  river  to  Grand  Gulf,  Mississippi,  May  6 and  7 ; 
and  was  engaged  at  Jackson,  May  14,  without  casualties.  In  the 
assault,  May  22,  it  advanced,  late  in  the  afternoon,  against  the  Con- 
federate line  of  defense  in  front  of  its  left  (third)  brigade,  that 
brigade  leading,  and  carried  the  colors  of  some  of  its  regiments 
close  to  that  line.  The  division  made  an  approach  to  the  part  of 
the  Confederate  line  of  defense  which  it  assaulted,  May  22.  Cas- 
ualties : In  skirmish  on  Fourteen-Mile  Creek,  May  12,  killed  5, 
wounded  6,  total  11 ; in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  one  officer 
killed;  in  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  9,  wounded  55,  total  64,  two 
officers  killed;  in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  74,  wounded  270,  miss- 
ing 9,  total  353,  fourteen  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  and 
during  the  siege,  killed  16,  wounded  11,  total  27,  two  officers  killed 
or  mortally  wounded.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
division  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  105,  wounded 
342,  missing  9,  total  456. 


u.  s. 

First  Brigade. 

FIRST  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Frank  P.  Blair  ; 

Col.  Francis  H.  Manter  ; 

Col  Bernard  G.  Farrar. 

13th  Illinois,  Col.  Adam  B.  Gorgas. 

27th  Missouri,  Col.  Tliomas  Curly. 

29th  Missouri,  Col.  James  Peckliam. 

30th  Missouri,  Lieut.  Col.  Otto  Scliadt. 

31st  Missouri,  Lieut.  Col.  Samuel  P.  Simpson;  Col.  Thomas  C.  Fletch- 
er; Lieut.  Col.  Samuel  P.  Simpson;  Maj.  Frederick  Jaensch; 
Lieut.  Col.  Samuel  P.  Simpson. 

32d  Missouri.  Col.  Francis  H.  Manter;  Maj.  Abraham  J.  Seay. 

The  brigade  formed  part  of  the  expeditionary  force  under  com- 
mand of  General  Blair,  marched  to  Mechanicsburg,  returned  to  the 
investment  line  about  June  4,  1863,  and  took  position  in  the  cen- 
ter of  the  division.  Casualties:  In  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  1, 
wounded  9,  total  10,  one  officer  killed;  and  in  the  assault,  May  22, 
killed  2,  wounded  5,  total  7,  cne  officer  killed.  The  aggregate  re- 
ported casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were, 
killed  3,  wounded  14,  total  17. 


80 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


U.  S. 

Second  Brigade. 

FIRST  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Charles  E.  Hovey  ; 

Col.  Charles  R.  Woods. 

25th  Iowa,  Col.  George  A.  Stone. 

31st  Iowa,  Col.  William  Smyth;  Maj.  Theodore  Stimming. 

3d  Missouri,  Col.  Isaac  F.  Shepard;  Lieut.  Col.  Theodore  Meumami. 

12ti-i  Missouri,  Col.  Hugo  Wangelin. 

17th  Missouri,  Col.  Francis  Hassendeubel ; Maj.  Francis  Romer ; Col. 

Francis  Hassendeubel ; Lieut.  Col.  John  F.  Cramer. 

76th  Ohio.  Col.  Charles  R.  Woods ; Lieut.  Col.  William  B.  Woods. 

The  brigade  held  the  right  of  the  division  investment  line.  Cas- 
ualties : In  skirmish  on  Fourteen-Mile  Creek,  May  12,  1863,  killed 
1,  wounded  6,  total  10;  in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  one  officer 
killed;  in  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  1,  wounded  3,  total  4,  one  offi- 
cer killed;  in  the  assault  May  22,  killed  37,  wounded  145,  missing  8. 
total  190,  live  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  and  during  the 
siege,  one  officer  killed,  Col.  Francis  Hassenduebel  mortally 
wounded,  total  2.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade 
during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  44,  wounded  155,  miss- 
ing 8,  total  207. 

u.  s. 

Third  Brigade. 

FIRST  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  M.  Thayer. 

4th  Iowa,  Col.  James  A.  Williamson ; Lieut.  Col.  George  Burton. 

9th  Iowa,  Maj.  Don  A.  Carpenter;  Capt.  Frederick  S.  Washburn; 

Maj.  Don  A.  Carpenter;  Col.  David  Carskaddon. 

26th  Iowa,  Col.  Milo  Smith. 

30th  Iowa,  Col.  Charles  II.  Abbott;  Col.  William  N.  G.  Torrence. 

The  brigade  held  the  left  of  the  division  investment  line  and 
made  an  approach  to  the  part  of  the  Confederate  line  of  defense 
assaulted  by  the  division,  May  22,  1863.  Casualties:  In  the 
assault,  May  19,  killed  7,  wounded  43,  total  50 ; in  the  assault,  May 
22,  killed  35,  wounded  119,  missing  1,  total  155,  Col.  Charles  H. 
Abbott  and  seven  other  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  and 
during  the  siege,  killed  15,  wounded  10,  total  25.  The  aggregate 
reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege 
were,  killed  57,  wounded  172,  missing  1,  total  230. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


81 


u.  s. 

Artillery. 

FIRST  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Iowa  Light,  1st  Battery,  Capt.  Henry  H.  Griffiths. 

L’n  Missouri  Light,  Battery  F,  Capt.  Clemens  Landgraeber. 

Ohio  Light,  4th  Battery,  Capt.  Louis  Hoffman ; Lieut.  George  Froeh- 
lich. 

Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  1863,  wounded 
1 (in  the  Iowa  Battery)  ; in  skirmish  on  Fourteen-Mile  Creek,  May 
12,  killed  1 (in  the  Missouri  Battery)  ; and  in  the  assault,  May  22, 
wounded  1 (in  the  Missouri  Battery).  The  aggregate  reported 
casualties  in  the  three  batteries  during  the  campaign  and  siege 
were,  killed  1,  wounded  2,  total  3.  The  casualty  in  the  Iowa  Bat- 
tery is  credited  to  the  Second  Brigade,  Fourteenth  Division,  13tli 
Corps,  to  which  it  was  temporarily  attached. 

u.  s. 

SECOND  DIVISION. 

FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  TLIE  TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  David  Stuart  ; 

Maj.  Gen.  Frank  P.  Blair. 

Cavalry. 

Thielemann's  (Illinois)  Battalion,  Companies  A.  and  B.  Capt.  Milo 
Thielemann. 

10th  Missouri,  Company  C,  Capt.  Daniel  W.  Ballou ; Lieut.  Benjamin 
Joel. 

1st  Brigade,  Col.  Giles  A.  Smith. 

2d  Brigade,  Col.  Thomas  Kilby  Smith;  Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  A.  J.  Light- 
burn. 

3d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Hugh  Ewing. 

Artillery,  four  batteries. 

The  division,  under  command  of  Maj.  Gen.  William  T.  Sher- 
man, made  a feint  attack  on  the  Confederate  batteries  at  Haynes’ 
Bluff,  Mississippi,  April  30  and  May  1,  1863.  It  made  three  close 
approaches  to  the  Confederate  line  of  defense,  starting  mines  at  all 
of  them.  Casualties : In  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg*,  killed  2, 
wounded  3,  total  5;  in  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  120,  wounded 
485,  missing  8,  total  613,  thirteen  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded ; and  in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  58,  wounded  242,  miss- 
ing 4,  total  304,  four  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  ag- 
gregate reported  casualties  in  the  division  during  the  campaign  and 
siege  were,  killed  180,  wounded  730,  missing  12,  total  922. 

L61 


82 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


u.  s. 

First  Brigade. 

SECOND  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Gii.es  A.  Smith. 

113tii  Illinois  (detachment ),  Col.  George  B.  Hoge;  Lieut.  Col.  John 
W.  Paddock. 

116tii  Illinois,  Col.  Nathan  W.  Topper. 

6th  Missouri,  Col.  James  H.  Blood;  Lieut.  Col.  Ira  Boutell ; Col. 
James  H.  Blood. 

Stii  Missouri,  Lieut.  Col.  David  C.  Coleman;  Maj.  Dennis  T.  Kirby; 
Lieut.  Col.  David  C.  Coleman. 

13th  United  States,  1st  Battalion,  Maj.  Daniel  Chase;  Capt.  Edward 
C.  Washington;  Capt.  Charles  Ewing;  Capt.  Charles  C.  Smith. 

The  brigade  marched  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  May  7. 
1863;  crossed  the  river  to  Grand  Gulf,  Mississippi,  May  11;  was  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  without  casual- 
ties; advanced  against  the  north  face  of  the  Confederate  Stockade 
Redan,  in  the  assault,  May  19,  and  carried  the  colors  of  some  of  the 
regiments  close  to  that  work ; advanced  against  the  Confederate  line 
of  defense  immediately  south  of  the  Graveyard  road,  in  the  assault, 
May  22,  and  carried  the  colors  of  some  of  its  regiments  close  to  that 
line.  It  held  the  left  of  the  division  investment  line  and  made  an 
approach  to  the  Confederate  Lunette  south  of  the  Graveyard  road. 
Casualties : In  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  37,  wounded  164,  miss- 
ing 1,  total  202,  two  officers  mortally  wounded;  and  in  the  assault, 
May  22,  killed  20,  wounded  81,  missing  1,  total  102,  two  officers 
killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in 
the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  57,  wounded 
245,  missing  2,  total  304. 


u.  s. 

Second  Brigade. 

SECOND  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Thomas  Kilby  Smith  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  A.  J.  Ligiitburn. 

05th  Illinois,  Col.  Oscar  Malmborg. 

127th  Illinois,  Col.  Hamilton  N.  Eldridge. 

83d  Indiana,  Col.  Benjamin  J.  Spooner. 

54th  Ohio.  Lieut.  Col.  Cyrus  W.  Fisher. 

57th  Ohio,  Col.  William  Mungeri;  Col.  Americus  V.  Rice;  Lieut.  Col. 
Samuel  R.  Mott. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


83 


The  brigade  marched  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  May  7, 
1863 ; crossed  the  river  to  Grand  Gulf,  Mississippi.  May  11 ; was 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  without  casual- 
ties; advanced  against  the  east  face  of  the  Confederate  Stockade 
Redan,  in  the  assault  the  afternoon  of  May  19,  and  carried  the  colors 
of  some  of  its  regiments  close  to  that  work ; was  not  closely  engaged 
in  the  assault,  May  22 ; formed  part  of  the  expeditionary  force 
under  General  Blair  and  marched  to  Mechanicsburg ; returned  to 
the  investment  line,  June  4;  took  position  on  the  right  of  the  di- 
vision; and,  after  June  11,  carried  forward  the  approach  to  the 
Confederate  Stockade  west  of  the  redan  on  the  Graveyard  road,  be- 
gun by  the  First  and  Third  Brigades  of  the  Third  Division.  Cas- 
ualties: In  the  assault.  May  19,  killed  29,  wounded  125,  missing 
1,  total  155,  five  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  and  in  the 
assault.  May  22,  killed  11,  wounded  45,  total  56.  The  aggregate 
reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege 
were,  killed  40,  wounded  170,  missing  1.  total  211. 


u.  s. 

Third  Brigade. 

SECOND  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Hugh  Ewing. 

30th  Ohio.  Col.  Theodore  Jones;  Lieot.  Col.  George  H.  Hiklt;  Col 
Theodore  Jones. 

37th  Ohio.  Col.  Edward  Siber;  Lieut.  Col.  Louis  von  Blessingh ; Maj. 
Charles  Hipp;  Col.  Edward  Siber. 

47th  Ohio.  Col.  Augustus  C.  Parry. 

4th  West  Virginia.  Col.  Joseph  A.  J.  Lightburn;  Col.  Janies  PI.  Day- 
ton. 

The  brigade  marched  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  May  9, 
1863 ; crossed  the  river  to  Grand  Gulf,  Mississippi,  May  15 ; 
marched  by  way  of  Raymond  and  Champion’s  Hill  to  join  the  di- 
vision at  Vicksburg,  arriving  at  midnight,  May  18,  advanced 
against  the  curtain  west  of  the  Confederate  Stockade  Redan,  in  the 
assault  the  afternoon  of  May  19,  and  carried  the  colors  of  some  of 
its  regiments  close  to  the  Confederate  line;  advanced  by  the  flank 
on  the  Graveyard  road,  in  the  assault.  May  22,  against  the  Confed- 
erate Stockade  Redan  on  that  road,  following  the  division  volun- 
teer storming  party  which  placed  General  Ewing’s  headquarters 
flag  on  the  parapet  of  that  redan;  held  the  center  of  the  division 


84 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


investment  line;  and  made  a close  approach  to  the  Confederate 
Stockade  Redan.  Casualties:  In  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  54, 
wounded  194,  missing  6,  total  254,  six  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded;  and  in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  25,  wounded  116,  miss- 
ing 3,  total  144,  two  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  ag- 
gregate reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  daring  the  campaign  and 
siege  were,  killed  79,  wounded  310,  missing  9,  total  398. 


U.  S. 

Artillery. 

SECOND  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

1st  Illinois  Light,  Battery  A,  Capt.  Peter  P.  Wood. 

1st  Iilinois  Light,  Battery  B,  Capt.  Samuel  E.  Barrett;  Lieut.  Is- 
rael P.  Rumsey. 

1st  Illinois  Light,  Battery  H,  Capt.  Levi  W.  Hart. 

Ohio  Light,  8th  Battery,  Capt.  James  F.  Putnam. 

Battery  B,  1st  Illinois  Light,  went  with  the  expeditionary  force 
under  General  Blair  to  Meehan icsburg ; later,  was  with  General 
Mower  west  of  the  river,  and  did  not  return  to  the  investment  line. 
Casualties:  In  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  killed  2,  wounded  1, 
total  3 (in  Battery  A,  killed  1,  wounded  1,  total  2,  in  Battery  II. 
killed  1)  ; in  the  assault  May  19,  wounded  2 (in  Battery  B)  ; and  in 
the  assault  May  22,  killed  2,  (in  Battery  B).  The  aggregate  re- 
ported casualties  in  the  four  batteries  during  the  campaign  and 
siege  were,  killed  4,  wounded  3,  total  7. 


Cavalry. 

Thielemann's  (Illinois)  Battalion,  Companies  A and  B,  Capt.  Milo 
Thielemann. 

10th  Missouri,  Company  C,  Capt.  Daniel  W.  Ballou ; Lieut.  Benjamin 
Joel. 

Casualties : In  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  one  officer  of  the 
Illinois  Battalion  mortally  wounded  and  one  officer  in  the  Missouri 
company  wounded.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  three 
companies  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  wounded  2. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


85 


u.  s. 

THIRD  DIVISION. 

FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Brig-.  Gen.  James  M.  Tuttle. 

1st  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  Ralph  P.  Buckland;  Col.  William  L.  McMil- 
len. 

2d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  A.  Mower. 

3d  Brigade,  Col.  Joseph  J.  Woods ; Brig.  Gen.  Charles  L.  Matthies ; 
Col.  Joseph  J.  Woods. 

Artillery,  two  batteries,  Capt.  Allen  C.  Waterhouse ; Capt.  Nelson 
T.  Spoor. 

The  division  marched  from  Duckport,  Louisiana,  May  2,  1863, 
and  crossed  the  river  to  Grand  Gulf,  Mississippi,  May  7.  The  First 
and  Third  Brigades  began  the  approach  known  as  “ Lightburn ’s.  ” 
Casualties:  In  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed  6, 
wounded  22,  missing  4,  total  32 ; in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg, 
killed  1.  wounded  13,  missing  2.  total  16 ; in  the  assault,  May  19, 
killed  5,  wounded  31.  total  36 ; in  the  assault,  May  22.  killed  18, 
wounded  154,  missing  29.  total  201,  three  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded;  during  the  siege,  killed  3,  wounded  20,  missing  1,  total 
24;  and  other  minor  combats,  killed  1.  wounded  11,  total  12.  The 
aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  division  during  the  campaign 
and  siege  were,  killed  34,  wounded  251.  missing  36,  total  321. 

U.  S. 

First  Brigade. 

THIRD  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Ralph  P.  Buckland  ; 

Col.  William  L.  McMillen. 

114th  Illinois,  Col.  James  W.  Judy. 

93d  Indiana.  Col.  DeWitt  C.  Thomas. 

72d  Ohio,  Lieut.  Col.  LeRoy  Crockett ; Maj.  Charles  G.  Eaton. 

95th  Ohio.  Col.  William  L.  McMillen ; Lieut.  Col.  Jefferson  Brum- 
back. 

The  brigade  held  the  right  of  the  division  investment  line,  its 
right  connecting  with  the  left  of  Steele’s  Division,  and,  in  connec- 
tion with  the  Third  Brigade,  began  the  approach  known  as  “Light- 
burn’s”  to  the  Confederate  Stockade  west  of  the  redan  on  the 
Graveyard  road.  It  was  engaged  in  the  work  of  the  siege  until 
June  22,  1863,  when  it  marched  to  Bear  Creek  on  the  exterior  line. 
Casualties:  In  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed  4, 


Indiana  at  Vioksbubg. 


86 

wounded  9,  total  13;  in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  killed  1, 
wounded  13,  missing  2,  total  16;  in  the  assault,  May  19, 
killed  4,  wounded  30,  total  34 ; in  the  assault,  May  22,  wounded  9 ; 
and  during  the  siege,  killed  2,  wounded  16,  missing  1,  total  19.  The 
aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign 
and  siege  were,  killed  11,  wounded  77,  missing  3,  total  91. 


Mint  Spring  Bayou. 


U.  S. 

Second  Brigade. 

THIRD  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  A.  Mower. 

47th  Illinois,  Col.  .Tolm  N.  Cromwell;  Lieut,  Col.  Samuel  R.  Baker. 
5th  Minnesota,  Col.  Lucius  F.  Hubbard. 

11th  Missouri,  Maj.  Eli  Bowyer;  Col.  Andrew  J.  Weber:  Lieut.  Col. 
William  L.  Barnum. 

8th  Wisconsin,  Col.  George  W.  Robbins. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


The  brigade  advanced  by  the  flank  on  the  Graveyard  road,  in  the 
assault  the  afternoon  of  May  22,  1863,  and  placed  the  flag  of  the 
leading  regiment  (11th  Missouri)  on  the  parapet  of  the  Stockade 
Redan  on  that  road ; formed  part  of  the  expeditionary  force  under 
command  of  General  Blair;  was  ordered  to  the  west  side  of  the 
river ; marched  to  Richmond,  Louisiana ; returned  to  the  vicinity 
of  Young’s  Point,  Louisiana,  and  remained  on  that  side  of  the  river 
until  the  end  of  the  siege.  Casualties:  In  the  engagement  at 
Jackson,  May  14,  killed  1,  wounded  9,  missing  3,  total  13,  Col.  John 
N.  Cromwell  killed  near  Jackson,  May  16;  in  the  assault,  May  22, 
killed  17,  wounded  136,  missing  29,  total  182,  three  officers  killed 
or  mortally  wounded ; in  skirmish  at  Meclianicsburg,  June  4, 
wounded  2;  in  skirmish  at  Richmond,  Louisiana,  June  15,  killed  1, 
wounded  8,  total  9 ; and  in  the  trenches  on  the  peninsula  opposite 
Vicksburg,  June  29,  mortally  wounded  1 (Col.  Andrew  J.  Weber). 
The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  cam- 
paign and  siege  were,  killed  19,  wounded  156,  missing  32,  total  207. 


U.  S. 

Third  Brigade. 

THIRD  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORI’S  ; ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Joseph  J.  Woods  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  Charles  L.  Matthies  ; 

Col.  Joseph  J.  Woods. 

8th  Iowa,  Col.  James  L.  Geddes. 

12th  Iowa,  Maj.  Samuel  R.  Edgington ; Col.  Joseph  J.  Woods ; Lieut. 

Col.  Samuel  R.  Edgington. 

35th  Iowa,  Col.  Sylvester  G.  Hill. 

The  brigade  held  the  left  of  the  division  investment  line,  its  left 
connecting  with  the  right  of  Blair’s  Division,  and,  in  connection 
with  the  First  Brigade,  began  the  approach  known  as  “Light- 
bum’s”  to  the  Confederate  Stockade  west  of  the  redan  on  the 
Graveyard  road.  It  was  engaged  in  the  work  of  the  siege  until 
June  22,  1863,  when  it  marched  to  Bear  Creek  on  the  exterior  line. 
Casualties:  In  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed  1, 
wounded  1,  missing  1,  total  3;  in  the  assault,  May  19,  killed  1, 
wounded  1.  total  2;  in  the  assault  May  22,  wounded  5;  and  during 
the  siege,  wounded  1.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  2,  wounded  8. 
missing  1,  total  11. 


88 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


u.  S. 

Artillery. 

THIRD  DIVISION;  FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Capt.  Allen  C.  Waterhouse  ; 

Capt.  Nelson  T.  Spoor. 

1st  Illinois  Light,  Battery  E,  Lieut.  John  A.  Fitch ; Capt.  Allen  C. 

Waterhouse. 

Iowa  Light,  2d  Battery.  Lieut.  Joseph  R.  Reed. 

The  command  served  on  the  investment  line  to  June  22,  1863, 
when  it  moved  with  the  First  and  Third  Brigades  to  Bear  Creek 
on  the  exterior  line.  Casualties:  In  the  engagement  at  Jackson, 
May  14,  wounded  3 (in  the  Illinois  Battery,  wounded  2,  in  the  Iowa 
Battery,  wounded  1)  ; in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  1,  wounded  4, 
total  5 (in  the  Illinois  Battery,  killed  1,  wounded  1,  total  2;  in  the 
Iowa  Battery,  wounded  3)  ; and  during  the  siege,  killed  1,  wounded 
2,  total  3 (in  the  Iowa  Battery).  The  aggregate  reported  casualties 
in  the  command  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  2, 
wounded  9,  total  11. 

u.  s. 

Cavalry. 

FIFTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

4th  Iowa,  Lieut.  Col.  Simeon  D.  Swan. 

The  regiment  occupied  Haynes’  Bluff.  Mississippi,  May  19,  1863, 
and  turned  over  to  the  commander  of  the  gunboat  “DeKalb”  the 
guns  and  stores  abandoned  there.  Casualties : In  skirmish  on  Four- 
teen-Mile Creek,  May  12,  killed  1;  in  action  at  Hill’s  Plantation 
near  Birdsong  Ferry,  June  22,  killed  8,  wounded  16,  missing  23, 
total  47,  one  officer  mortally  wounded.  The  aggregate  reported 
casualties  in  the  regiment  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were, 
killed  9,  wounded  16,  missing  23,  total  48. 

u.  s. 

SIXTEENTH  CORPS  (DETACHMENT)  ; ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Maj.  Gen.  Cadwallader  C.  Washburn. 

Escort. 

2d  Wisconsin  Cavalry,  Company  IT,  Lieut.  Ernest  J.  Myers. 

1st  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  William  Sooy  Smith. 

4th  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  Jacob  G.  Lauman. 

Provisional  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  Nathan  Kimball. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


89 


The  divisions  of  the  detachment  were  successively  ordered  to 
Vicksburg  by  General  Grant  after  the  beginning  of  the  campaign. 
The  First  Division  arrived  at  Haynes’  Bluff,  Mississippi,  about 
June  12,  1863,  the  Fourth  at  Young’s  Point,  Louisiana,  May  19, 
and  the  Provisional  Division  at  Satartia,  Mississippi,  June  4.  The 
Fourth  Division  took  position  on  the  investment  line ; the  First 
and  the  Provisional  Divisions  remained  in  the  vicinity  of  Haynes’ 
Bluff  and  formed  the  left  wing  of  the  exterior  line.  The  aggregate 
reported  casualties  in  the  detachment  during  the  siege  were,  killed 
8,  wounded  39,  missing  117,  total  164. 


u.  s. 

FIRST  DIVISION. 

SIXTEENTH  CORPS  (DETACHMENT)  ; ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 
Brig.  Gen.  William  Sooy  Smith. 


Escort. 

7th  Illinois  Cavalry,  Company  B,  Capt.  Henry  C.  Forbes. 

1st  Brigade,  Col.  John  M.  Loomis. 

2d  Brigade,  Col.  Stephen  G.  Hicks. 

3d  Brigade,  Col.  Joseph  R.  Cockerill. 

4th  Brigade.  Col.  William  W.  Sanford. 


Artillery. 

Capt.  William  Cogswell. 

1st  Illinois  Light.  Battery  F,  Capt.  John  T.  Cheney. 

1st  Illinois  Light,  Battery  I.  Lieut.  William  N.  Lansing. 

Illinois  Light,  Cogswell’s  Battery,  Lieut.  Henry  G.  Eddy. 

Indiana  Light.  6th  Battery,  Capt.  Michael  Mueller. 

The  division  took  position  at  Haynes’  Bluff,  Mississippi,  about 
June  12,  1863,  and  assisted  in  fortifying  that  point.  By  order  of 
General  Sherman,  dated  June  26,  it  took  position  on  Oak  Ridge 
from  Neily’s  on  the  right  to  the  postoffice  on  the  left,  fortified  that 
line  and  remained  on  it  to  the  end  of  the  siege. 

First  Briyade. 

Col.  John  M.  Loomis. 

26th  Illinois,  Lieut.  Col.  Robert  A.  Gillmore. 

#ih  Illinois,  Col.  Timothy  O'Meara. 

12th  Indiana,  Col.  Reuben  Williams. 

100th  Indiana,  Lieut.  Col.  Albert  Heath. 


90 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


u.  s. 

Second  Brigade. 

FIRST  DIVISION;  SIXTEENTH  CORPS  (DETACHMENT)  ; ARMY  OF 

THE  TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Stephen  G.  Hicks. 

40th  Illinois,  Maj.  Hiram  W.  Hall. 

103d  Illinois,  Col.  Willard  A.  Diekerruan. 

15th  Michigan,  Col.  John  M.  Oliver. 

46th  Ohio,  Col.  Charles  C.  Waleutt. 

Third  Brigade. 

Col.  Joseph  R.  Cockerill. 

07th  Indiana,  Col.  Robert  F.  Catterson. 

99th  Indiana,  Col.  Alexander  Fowler. 

53d  Ohio,  Col.  Wells  S.  Jones. 

70th  Ohio.  Maj.  William  P>.  Brown. 

Fourth  Brigade. 

Col.  William  W.  Sanford. 

48th  Illinois,  Lieut.  Col.  Lucien  Greathouse. 

Gth  Iowa,  Col.  John  M.  Corse. 


U.  S. 

FOURTH  DIVISION. 

SIXTEENTH  CORPS  (DETACHMENT)  ; ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 
Brig.  Gen.  Jacob  G.  Lauman. 

Cavalry. 

15th  Illinois,  Companies  F and  I,  Maj.  James  G.  Wilson. 

1st  Brigade,  Col.  Isaac  C.  Pugh. 

2d  Brigade,  Col.  Cyrus  Hall. 

3d  Brigade,  Col.  George  E.  Bryant ; Col.  Amory  K.  Johnson. 

Artillery. 

Capt.  George  C.  Gumbart. 

2d  Illinois  Light,  Battery  E,  Lieut.  George  L.  Nispel. 

2d  Illinois  Light,  Battery  K,  Capt.  Benjamin  F.  Rodgers. 

Ohio  Light,  5th  Battery,  Lieut.  Anthony  B.  Burton. 

Ohio  Light,  7th  Battery,  Capt.  Silas  A.  Burnap. 

Ohio  Light.  15th  Battery,  Capt.  Edward  Spear,  Jr. 

The  division  reported  at  Young’s  Point,  Louisiana,  from  May 
13  to  19,  1863.  The  First  and  Second  Brigades  were  ordered  to 


Park  Inscriptions. 


91 


Snyder's  Bluff,  Mississippi;  arrived  there  May  20  and  marched 
from  that  place  to  take  position  on  the  extreme  left  of  the  invest- 
ment line  May  24.  They  moved  to  the  right  by  order  of  General 
Grant,  dated  May  28,  connected  with  the  left  of  the  Thirteenth 
Corps,  their  own  left  resting  at  or  near  the  Hall ’s  Perry  road.  The 
Third  Brigade  proceeded  to  Grand  Gulf,  Mississippi,  and  remained 
there  from  May  18  to  June  11,  when  it  started  to  rejoin  the  other 
brigades.  The  division  made  an  approach  to  the  salient  Confed- 
erate work  on  the  east  side  of  the  Hall’s  Ferry  road.  Its  aggre- 
gate reported  casualties  during  the  siege  were,  killed  8,  wounded 
39,  missing  117,  total  164,  one  officer  killed  and  one  mortally 
wounded.  The  division  casualties  cannot  be  fully  distributed  to 
the  three  brigades. 


u.  s. 

First  Brigade. 

FOURTH  DIVISION;  SIXTEENTH  CORPS  (DETACHMENT);  ARMY 
OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Isaac  C.  Pugh. 

41st  Illinois.  Lieut.  Col.  John  H.  Nale. 

53d  Illinois,  Lieut.  Col.  Seth  C.  Earl. 

3d  Iowa,  Col.  Aaron  Brown. 

33d  Wisconsin,  Col.  Jonathan  B.  Moore. 

On  transport  en  route  to  Vicksburg  and  near  Greenville,  Missis- 
sippi, fourteen  enlisted  men  of  the  3d  Iowa  were  wounded  May  18, 
1863. 

Second  Brigade. 

Col.  Cyrus  Hall. 

14th  Illinois,  Lieut.  Col.  William  Cam;  Capt.  Augustus  H.  Cormnan. 

15th  Illinois,  Col.  George  C.  Rogers. 

46tli  Illinois,  Col.  Benjamin  Dornblaser. 

76th  Illinois,  Col.  Samuel  T.  Busey. 

53d  Indiana,  Col.  Walter  Q.  Gresham. 

On  the  picket  line  west  of  the  Warrenton  road  7 officers  and 
104  enlisted  men  of  the  46th  Illinois  were  captured  the  night  of 
May  25,  1863.  In  the  approach  to  the  salient  Confederate  work 
on  the  east  side  of  the  Hall’s  Perry  road  Lieut.  Col.  William  Cam 
was  captured  the  night  of  June  22.  The  53d  Indiana  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Third  Brigade  June  22.  One  officer  was  killed  and 
one  mortally  wounded. 


92 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Third  Brigade. 

Col.  George  E.  Bryant  : 

Col.  Amory  K.  Johnson. 

2Stii  Illinois.  Maj.  Hinman  Rhodes. 

32d  Illinois,  Col.  John  Logan;  Lieut.  Col.  William  Hunter. 

12tii  Wisconsin,  Lieut.  Col.  DeWitt  C.  Poole;  Col.  George  E.  Bryant. 


Confederate  South  Fort — Looking  South. 


U.  S. 

PROVISIONAL  DIVISION. 

SIXTEENTH  CORPS  (DETACHMENT)  ; ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 
Brig.  Gen.  Nathan  Kimball. 

Engelmann's  Brigade,  Col.  Adolph  Engelmann. 

Richmond’s  Brigade,  Col.  Jonathan  Richmond. 

Montgomery’s  Brigade,  Col.  Milton  Montgomery. 

A portion  of  the  division  bore  a part  in  skirmish  at  Mechanics- 
burg,  Mississippi,  June  4,  1863,  without  reported  casualties.  Unit- 
ing- with  the  remainder  of  the  division  at  Haynes’  Bluff,  June  7, 
the  whole  force  held  that  position  until  June  15,  when  it  moved 


Park  Inscriptions. 


93 


to  Snyder’s  Bluff,  strongly  fortified  that  point  and  remained  there 
to  the  end  of  the  siege. 


Eng  elm  an  n's  Briga  de. 

Col.  Adolph  Engelmakk. 
43d  Illinois.  Lieut.  Col.  Aclolpli  Dengler. 

61st  Illinois,  Maj.  Simon  P.  Ohr. 

106th  Illinois.  Maj.  John  M.  Hurt. 

12th  Michigan,  Col.  William  II.  Graves. 

Richmond's  Brigade. 

Col  Jonathan  Richmond. 
ISth  Illinois.  Col.  Daniel  N.  Brush. 

54th  Illinois,  Col.  Greenville  M.  Mitchell. 

126th  Illinois,  Maj.  William  IV.  Wilshire. 

22d  Ohio.  Col.  Oliver  Wood. 

Montgomery's  Brigade. 

Col.  Milton  Montgomery. 
40th  Iowa.  Col.  John  A.  Garrett. 

3d  Minnesota.  Col.  Cliauncey  W.  Griggs. 

25th  Wisconsin,  Lieut.  Col.  Samuel  J.  Nasmith. 
27th  Wisconsin,  Col.  Conrad  Krez. 


U.  S. 

SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Maj.  Gen.  James  B.  McPherson. 

Escort. 

4th  Company  Ohio  Cavalry,  Capt.  John  S.  Foster. 

3d  Division.  Maj.  Gen.  John  A.  Logan. 

6th  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  John  McArthur. 

7th  Division,  Col.  John  B.  Sanborn;  Brig.  Gen.  Marcellos  M.  Crocker; 

Brig.  Gen.  Isaac  F.  Quinby;  Brig.  Gen.  John  E.  Smith. 

The  corps  took  position  in  the  center  of  the  investment  line  the 
morning  of  May  19,  1863 — the  Second  Brigade  of  the  Sixth  Di- 
vision on  the  right,  the  Third  Division  in  the  center  and  the  Sev- 
enth Division  on  the  left.  It  made  close  approaches  to  two  points 
on  the  Confederate  line  of  defense,  starting  mines  at  both.  Casual- 
ties: In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed  6,  wounded  41, 
missing  2,  total  49 ; in  skirmish  on  the  south  fork  of  Bayou  Pierre. 
May  2,  wounded  1 ; in  skirmish  on  the  north  fork  of  Bayou  Pierre, 
May  3,  killed  1,  wounded  6,  total  7 ; in  skirmish  at  Pin  Hook,  Louis- 
iana, May  10,  killed  2,  wounded  8,  missing  3,  total  13 ; in  the  en- 


94 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


gagement  at  Raymond,  May  12,  killed  66,  wounded  339,  missing  37, 
total  442  ; in  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed  35,  wounded 
227,  missing  3,  total  265;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16, 
killed  179,  wounded  857,  missing  42,  total  1,078;  in  skirmishes 
about  Vicksburg,  killed  1,  wounded  2,  total  3 ; in  the  assault,  May 
19,  killed  16,  wounded  113,  total  129;  in  the  assault  May  22,  killed 
150,  wounded  880,  missing  36,  total  1,066 ; in  action  near  Lake  Prov- 
idence, Louisiana,  June  9,  wounded  1 ; in  skirmish  near  Lake  Provi- 
dence, June  29,  killed  1,  wounded  3,  total  4,  and  during  the  siege, 
killed  41,  wounded  238,  total  279.  The  aggregate  reported  casual- 
ties in  the  corps  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  498, 
wounded  2,716,  missing  123,  total  3,337. 


u.  s. 

THIRD  DIVISION 

SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Maj.  Gen.  John  A.  Logan. 

Escort. 

2d  Illinois  Cavalry,  Company  A,  Capt.  John  R.  Hotaling;  Lieut.  Wil- 
liam B.  Cummins. 

1st  Brigade,  Col.  C.  Carroll  Marsh ; Brig.  Gen.  John  E.  Smith ; Brig. 
Gen.  Mortimer  D.  Leggett. 

2d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Elias  S.  Dennis;  Brig.  Gen.  Mortimer  D.  Leg- 
gett ; Col.  Manning  F.  Force. 

3d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  John  D.  Stevenson. 

Artillery  five  batteries,  Maj.  Charles  .T.  Stolbrand. 

The  division  marched  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  April 
25,  1863,  and  crossed  the  river  to  Bruinsburg,  Mississippi,  the  even- 
ing of  April  30  and  the  morning  of  May  1 ; advanced  against  the 
Third  Louisiana  Redan  on  the  right  and  the  great  redoubt  on  the 
left  of  the  Jackson  road  in  the  assault,  May  22,  and  carried  the 
flags  of  its  leading  regiments  close  to  both  works ; made  an  approach 
along  the  Jackson  road  to  the  Third  Louisiana  Redan  and  fired 
mines  under  that  work  the  afternoon  of  June  25  and  the  afternoon 
of  July  1.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed 
6,  wounded  41,  missing  2,  total  49 ; in  skirmish  on  the  south  fork 
of  Bayou  Pierre,  May  2,  wounded  1 ; in  skirmish  on  the  north  fork 
of  Bayou  Pierre,  May  3,  wounded  5 ; in  the  engagement  at  Ray- 
mond, May  12,  killed  63,  wounded  336,  missing  37,  total  436,  seven 
officers  killed;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  51, 
wounded  329,  missing  27,  total  407,  six  officers  killed  or  mortally 


Park  Inscriptions. 


95 


wounded;  in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  41,  wounded  316,  missing 
2,  total  359,  nine  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  and  during 
the  siege,  killed  33,  wounded  179,  total  212,  eleven  officers  killed 
or  mortally  wounded.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
division  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  194,  wounded 
1.207,  missing  68,  total  1,469. 


U.  S. 

First  Brigade. 

THIRD  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Col  C.  Carroll  Marsh  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  John  E.  Smith  : 

Brig.  Gen.  Mortimer  D.  Leggett. 

20th  Illinois,  Lieut.  Col.  Evan  Richards ; Maj.  Daniel  Bradley. 

31st  Illinois,  Col.  Edwin  S.  McCook;  Lieut.  Col.  John  D.  Rees;  Maj. 

Robert  M.  Pearson. 

45th  Illinois.  Col.  Jasper  A.  Maltby;  Maj.  Luther  H.  Cowen;  Col. 

Jasper  A.  Maltby. 

124th  Illinois,  Col.  Thomas  J.  Sloan;  Lieut.  Col.  John  H.  Howe;  Col. 

Thomas  J.  Sloan. 

23d  Indiana,  Lieut.  Col.  William  P.  Davis. 

The  brigade  held  the  right  of  the  division  investment  line,  its 
left  resting  at  the  Jackson  road  and  its  camps  clustered  about  the 
“'White  House”;  advanced  against  the  Third  Louisiana  Redan  in 
the  assault  May  22,  carrying  the  colors  of  some  of  its  regiments 
close  to  that  work ; and  again  assaulted  that  redan  when  the  mine 
under  it  was  fired  the  afternoon  of  June  25.  When  the  detachment 
of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  marched  into  Vicksburg  on  the  Jack- 
son  road  at  the  end  of  the  siege  the  brigade  led  the  column,  the 
45th  Illinois  leading  the  brigade.  Casualties ; In  the  battle  of  Port 
Gibson,  May  1,  1863,  killed  5,  wounded  27,  total  32;  in  skirmish 
on  the  north  fork  of  Bayou  Pierre,  May  3,  wounded  5 ; in  the  en- 
gagement at  Raymond,  May  12,  killed  35,  wounded  175,  missing 
25,  total  235,  Lieut.  Col.  Evan  Richards  and  three  other  officers 
killed;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  22,  wounded 
104,  missing  9,  total  135 ; in  the  assault,  May  22,  killed  7,  wounded 
72,  missing  2,  total  81,  three  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded; 
and  during  the  siege,  killed  31,  wounded  176,  total  207,  Lieut.  Col. 
John  D.  Rees  and  five  other  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 
The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  cam- 
paign and  siege  were,  killed  100,  wounded  559,  missing  36,  total 
695. 


96 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


u.  s. 

Second  Brigade. 

THIRD  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Elias  S.  Dennis  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  Mortimer  D.  Leggett  ; 

Col.  Manning  F.  Force. 

30th  Illinois,  Col.  Warren  Sliedd. 

20th  Ohio,  Col.  Manning  F.  Force;  Capt.  Francis  M.  Sliaklee. 

68th  Ohio,  Col.  Robert  K.  Scott;  Lieut.  Col.  John  S.  Snook;  Col. 

Robert  K.  Scott. 

78tei  Ohio,  Col.  Zachariah  M.  Chandler;  Maj.  John  T.  Rainey;  Lieut. 

Col.  Greenberry  F.  Wiles. 

The  brigade  formed  part  of  the  expeditionary  force  under  Gen- 
eral Blair  and  marched  to  Mechanicsburg ; returned  to  the  invest- 
ment line  June  4,  1863;  was  engaged  in  the  work  of  the  siege  on 
the  division  front  from  that  time  to  June  22 ; withdrew  from  the 
investment  line  on  the  last  named  day  and  took  position  at  Tiffin, 
on  the  exterior  line,  June  30;  constructed  earthworks  and  remained 
in  that  position  to  the  end  of  the  siege.  Casualties : In  the  battle 
of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  wounded  3 ; in  the  engagement  at  Ray- 
mond, May  12,  killed  10,  wounded  75,  total  85;  in  the  battle  of 
Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  21,  wounded  189,  total  210,  six 
officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  and  in  the  assault  May  22, 
wounded  6.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  dur- 
ing the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  31,  wounded  273,  total  304. 


IT.  S. 

Third  Brigade. 

THIRD  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  D.  Stevenson. 

8tli  Illinois,  Col.  John  P.  Post;  Lieut.  Col.  Robert  H.  Sturgess. 
17th  Illinois,  Maj.  Frank  F.  Peats;  Lieut.  Col.  Francis  M.  Smith. 
81st  Illinois.  Lieut.  Col.  Franklin  Campbell;  Col.  James  J.  Dollins; 
Col.  Franklin  Campbell. 

7th  Missouri.  Licnt.  Col.  William  S.  Oliver;  Maj.  Edwin  Wakefield; 
Lieut.  Col.  William  S.  Oliver;  Maj.  Edwin  Wakefield;  Capt.  Rob- 
ert Buchanan ; Lieut.  Col.  William  S.  Oliver ; Capt.  William  B. 
Collins. 

32d  Ohio,  Col.  Benjamin  F.  Potts. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


97 


The  brigade  held  the  left  of  the  division  investment  line,  its 
right  resting  at  the  J ackson  road,  and  advanced  against  the  redoubt 
immediately  south  of  that  road  in  the  assault,  May  22,  carrying 
the  colors  of  some  of  its  regiments  close  to  that  work.  Casualties : 
In  the  battle  of  Port  G-ibson,  May  1,  1863,  killed  1,  wounded  8, 
missing  2,  total  11 ; in  skirmish  on  the  south  fork  of  Bayou  Pierre, 
May  2,  Lieut.  Col.  William  S.  Oliver  severely  wounded;  in  the  en- 
gagement at  Raymond,  May  2,  killed  18,  wounded  85,  missing  12, 
total  115,  three  officers  killed;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill. 
May  16,  killed  7,  wounded  36,  missing  18,  total  61 ; in  the  assault, 
May  22,  killed  34.  wounded  238,  total  272,  Col.  James  J.  Dollins 
and  five  other  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded ; and  during  the 
siege,  one  officer  killed,  two  officers  mortally  wounded,  total  3.  The 
aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign 
and  siege  were:  killed  61,  wounded  370,  missing  32,  total  463. 


U.  S. 

Artillery. 

THIRD  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Maj.  Charles  J.  Stolbrand. 

1st  Illinois  Light,  Battery  D.  Capt.  Henry  A.  Rogers;  Lieut.  George 
J.  Wood;  Capt.  Frederick  Sparrestrom. 

2d  Illinois  Light,  Battery  G,  Capt.  Frederick  Sparrestrom ; Lieut. 
John  W.  Lowell. 

2d  Illinois  Light.  Battery  L.  Capt.  William  H.  Bolton. 

Michigan  Light,  Stk  Battery,  Capt.  Samuel  DeGolyer ; Lieut.  Theo- 
dore JV.  Lockwood. 

Ohio  Light.  3d  Battery,  Capt.  William  S.  Williams. 

By  a collision  between  the  transports  “Horizon”  and  “Mod- 
erator” about  3 a.  m.,  May  1,  1863,  while  the  command  was  cross- 
ing the  river  to  Bruinsburg,  Mississippi,  the  “Horizon”  was  sunk, 
two  enlisted  men  of  Battery  G,  2d  Illinois,  were  drowned,  the  guns, 
the  equipment  and  most  of  the  horses  of  the  battery  were  lost.  It 
was  sent  to  Memphis  to  refit  and  did  not  rejoin  the  division  until 
near  the  end  of  the  siege.  The  other  batteries  of  the  command 
were  engaged  in  the  battles  of  the  division  in  the  campaign  and 
served  on  its  investment  line.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Port 
Gibson,  May  1,  wounded  2 (in  the  Michigan  Battery)  ; in  the  en- 
gagement at  Raymond,  May  12,  wounded  1 (in  the  Michigan  Bat- 
tery) ; in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  1 (in  the 


98 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Michigan  Battery)  ; and  during  the  siege,  killed  1,  wounded  1, 
total  2 (Capt.  Henry  A.  Rogers  killed  and  Capt.  Samuel  DeGolyer 
mortally  wounded).  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  com- 
mand during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  2,  wounded  4, 
total  6. 


u.  s. 

SIXTH  DIVISION. 

SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  McArthur. 

Escort. 

11th  Illinois  Cavalry,  Company  G,  Lieut.  Stephen  S.  Tripp. 

1st  Brigade,  Col.  George  W.  Deitzler ; Brig.  Gen.  Hugh  T.  Reid. 

2d  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  E.  G.  Ransom. 

3d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen  Mareellus  M.  Crocker;  Col.  William  Hall;  Col. 
Alexander  Chambers. 


Artillery. 

Maj.  Thomas  D.  Maurice. 

2d  Illinois  Light,  Battery  F,  Capt.  John  W.  Powell. 

Minnesota  Light,  1st  Battery,  Lieut.  Henry  Hurter;  Capt.  William 
Z.  Clayton. 

1st  Missouri  Light,  Battery  C,  Capt.  Charles  Mann. 

Ohio  Light,  lOtii  Battery,  Capt.  Hamilton  P>.  White;  Lieut.  William 
L.  Newcomb. 

The  Second  and  Third  Brigades  were  engaged  in  the  battles 
and  movements  of  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  beginning  March  29, 
1863,  and  served  on  the  investment  line.  The  First  Brigade  was 
on  duty  in  the  vicinity  of  Lake  Providence,  Louisiana,  during  that 
time.  The  division  artillery  served  on  the  investment  line  of  the 
Second  Brigade  (except  that  the  Ohio  Battery  went  with  the  Third 
Brigade  to  take  position  on  the  exterior  line)  without  reported 
casualties.  Casualties:  In  skirmish  at  Pin  Hook,  Louisiana,  May 
10,  killed  2,  wounded  8,  missing  3,  total  13,  one  officer  killed;  in 
the  assault,  May  19,  killed  14,  wounded  110,  total  124;  in  the  as- 
sault, May  22,  killed  58,  wounded  277,  missing  32,  total  367,  nine 
officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded ; in  action  near  Lake  Providence, 
Louisiana,  June  9,  wounded  1 ; in  skirmish  near  Lake  Providence, 
June  29,  killed  1,  wounded  3,  total  4,  one  officer  killed;  and  dur- 
ing the  siege,  wounded  1.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
division  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  75.  wounded 
400,  missing  35,  total  510. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


101 


U.  S. 

First  Brigade. 

SIXTH  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Col.  George  W.  Deitzler; 

Brig.  Gen.  Hugh  T.  Reid. 

1st  Kansas,  Lieut.  Col.  Otto  M.  Teimison ; Col.  William  Y.  Roberts. 

16th  Wisconsin.  Maj.  Thomas  Reynolds ; Col.  Benjamin  Allen. 

The  1st  Kansas  served  as  mounted  infantry  from  about  May  1. 
1863,  to  the  end  of  the  siege.  Casualties : In  skirmish  at  Pin  Hook, 
Louisiana,  May  10,  killed  2,  wounded  8,  missing  3,  total  13,  one 
officer  killed;  in  action  near  Lake  Providence,  Louisiana,  June  9, 
wounded  1 : and  in  skirmish  near  Lake  Providence,  June  29,  killed 
1,  wounded  3,  total  4,  one  officer  killed.  The  aggregate  reported 
casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed 
3,  wounded  12,  missing  3,  total  18. 


U.  S. 

Second  Brigade. 

SIXTH  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OP  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  E.  G.  Ransom. 

11th  Illinois,  Lieut.  Col.  Garrett  Nevius ; Lieut.  Col.  James  H. 
Coates. 

72d  Illinois,  Col.  Frederick  A.  Starring. 

Sdtii  Illinois,  Col.  Thomas  W.  Humphrey;  Lieut.  Col.  Leander  Blau- 
deu;  Col.  Thomas  W.  Humphrey. 

109th  Illinois,  Col.  Alexander  J.  Nimmo. 

14th  Wisconsin,  Col.  Lyman  M.  Ward. 

17th  Wisconsin,  Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  McMahon ; Col.  Adam  G.  Malloy. 

The  109th  Illinois  was  assigned  to  the  brigade  March  30,  1863. 
The  officers  of  Company  K and  the  enlisted  men  of  the  regiment 
were  transferred  to  the  11th  Ililnois  April  23.  The  brigade  marched 
from  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  April  26;  crossed  the  river  to 
Grand  Gulf,  Mississippi,  May  12 ; marched  by  way  of  Raymond 
and  Champion’s  Hill,  arriving  on  that  battlefield  at  close  of  the 
fighting ; held  the  right  of  the  corps  investment  line ; advanced 
against  the  Confederate  line  of  defense  north  of  Glass’  Bayou  in 
the  assaults  May  19  and  May  22,  carrying  the  colors  of  some  of 
its  regiments  close  to  that  line  in  both  assaults ; and  made  an  ap- 
proach to  the  Confederate  work  immediately  north  of  Glass’ 


102 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Bayou.  Casualties:  In  this  assault,  May  19,  killed  14,  wounded 
110,  total  124;  and  in  the  assault  May  22,  killed  57,  wounded  275, 
missing  32,  total  364,  Lieut.  Col.  Garrett  Nevius  and  eight  other 
officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  aggregate  reported  casual- 
ties in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  71, 
wounded  385,  missing  32,  total  488. 


u.  s. 

Third  Brigade. 

SIXTH  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 
TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  Marcellus  M.  Crocker; 

Col.  William  Hall; 

Col.  Alexander  Chambers. 

11th  Iowa,  Col.  William  Flail;  Lieut.  Col.  John  C.  Abercrombie;  Col. 

William  Hall. 

13tii  Iowa,  Col.  John  Shane. 

15th  Iowa,  Col.  Hugh  T.  Reid;  Col.  William  W.  Belknap. 

16th  Iowa,  Lieut.  Col.  Addison  H.  Sanders ; Maj.  William  Purcell ; 

Lieut.  Col.  Addison  FI.  Sanders. 

The  brigade  was  engaged  in  guarding  a portion  of  the  road  from 
Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  to  Hard  Times,  Louisiana,  during  the 
first  part  of  May,  1863 ; was  stationed  at  Grand  Gulf,  Mississippi, 
when  Vicksburg  was  first  invested;  advanced  on  the  Warrenton 
road  in  the  assault  May  22,  and  drove  the  Confederate  skirmishers 
within  their  entrenchments,  advancing  its  own  skirmishers  to  within 
about  forty  yards  of  the  Confederate  line;  formed  part  of  the  ex- 
peditionary force  under  General  Blair  and  marched  to  Meclianics- 
burg;  returned  to  the  investment  line  June  4 and  was  engaged  in 
the  work  of  the  siege  in  connection  with  the  Second  Brigade  until 
June  22,  when  it  marched  to  the  rear;  took  position  on  the  exterior 
line  in  the  vicinity  of  Pox’s  plantation  and  remained  on  that  line 
to  the  end  of  the  siege.  Casualties:  In  the  assault,  May  22,  killed 
1,  wounded  2,  total  3 ; and  during  the  siege,  wounded  1.  The  aggre- 
gate reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and 
siege  were,  killed  1,  wounded  3,  total  4. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


103 


u.  S. 

SEVENTH  DIVISION. 

SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Col.  John  B.  Sanborn; 

Brig.  Gen.  Marcellus  M.  Crocker  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  Isaac  F.  Qijinby  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  John  E.  Smith. 

Escort. 

4th  Missouri  Cavalry,  Company  F.  Lieut.  Alexander  Mueller. 

2d  Illinois  Cavalry,  Company  E,  Capt.  Samuel  P.  Tipton. 

1st  Brigade,  Col.  Jesse  I.  Alexander;  Col.  John  B.  Sanborn. 

2d  Brigade,  Col.  Samuel  A.  Holmes ; Col.  Green  B.  Raum. 

3d  Brigade,  Col.  George  B.  Boomer ; Col.  Holden  Putnam ; Brig.  Gen. 

Charles  L.  Matthies. 

Artillery  four  batteries,  Capt.  Frank  C.  Sands ; Capt.  Henry  Dillon. 

The  division  marched  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  April 
18  to  25,  1863,  and  crossed  the  river  to  Bruinsburg,  Mississippi, 
May  1.  Casualties : In  skirmish  near  the  north  fork  of  Bayou 
Pierre,  May  3,  killed  1,  wounded  1,  total  2 ; in  the  engagement  at 
Raymond,  May  12,  killed  3,  wounded  3,  total  6 (in  the  escort  com- 
pany, killed  1,  wounded  1,  total  2)  ; in  the  engagement  at  Jackson, 
May  14,  killed  35,  wounded  227,  missing  3,  total  265,  one  officer 
killed;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  128, 
wounded  528.  missing  15,  total  671,  ten  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded ; in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  killed  1,  wounded  2,  total 
3 ; in  the  assault  May  19,  killed  2,  wounded  3,  total  5 ; in  the  assault 
May  22,  killed  51,  wounded  287,  missing  2,  total  340,  six  officers 
killed  or  mortally  wounded ; and  during  the  siege,  killed  8,  wounded 
58,  total  66.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  division  dur- 
ing the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  229,  wounded  1.109,  miss- 
ing 20,  total  1,358. 


u.  s. 

First  Brigade. 

SEVENTH  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 

TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Jesse  I.  Alexander; 

Col.  John  B.  Sanborn. 

48th  Indiana,  Col.  Norman  Eddy. 

59th  Indiana,  Lieut.  Col.  Jefferson  K.  Scott;  Col.  Jesse  I.  Alexander. 
4th  Minnesota,  Lieut.  Col.  John  E.  Tourtellotte. 

18th  Wisconsin,  Col.  Gabriel  Bouck. 


104 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


The  brigade  advanced  late  in  the  afternoon  in  the  assault  May 
22,  1863,  against  the  north  face  of  the  Confederate  Lunette  on  the 
Baldwin’s  Ferry  road,  relieving  Burbridge’s  Brigade  of  Smith’s 
Division,  Thirteenth  Corps ; was  part  of  the  expeditionary  force 
under  General  Blair  and  marched  to  Mechanicsburg ; returned  to 
its  place  on  the  left  of  the  division  investment  line  June  4;  re- 
mained in  that  position  until  June  24,  when  it  moved  to  the  right 
and  occupied  the  part  of  the  line  vacated  by  the  Third  Brigade. 
Casualties:  In  skirmish  near  the  north  fork  of  Bayou  Pierre,  May 

3,  killed  1,  wounded  1,  total  2 ; in  the  engagement  at  Raymond, 
May  12,  wounded  1;  in  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed 

4,  wounded  33,  total  37 ; in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16, 
killed  5,  wounded  51,  total  56;  in  the  assault  May  22,  killed  36, 
wounded  176,  missing  2,  total  214,  four  officers  killed  or  mortally 
wounded;  and  during  the  siege,  killed  1,  wounded  11,  total  12. 
The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  cam- 
paign and  siege  were,  killed  47.  wounded  273,  missing  2,  total  322. 


U.  S. 

Second  Brigade. 


SEVENTH  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 

TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Samuel  A.  Holmes  ; 

Col.  Green  II  Raum. 

r>r>TH  Illinois,  Col.  Green  B.  Raum;  Capt.  Pinckney  .1.  Welsh. 

17th  Iowa,  Col.  David  B.  Hillis;  Lieut.  Col.  Clark  R.  Wever;  Col.  Da- 
vid P,  Hillis;  Col.  Clark  R.  Wever;  Maj.  John  F.  Walden. 

IOtii  Missouri,  Lieut.  Col.  Leonidas  Ilorney;  Maj.  Francis  C.  Deim- 
ling. 

24tii  Missouri,  Company  E,  Lieut.  Vincent  Chalifoux;  Lieut.  Daniel 
Driscoll. 

80th  Ohio.  Col.  Matthias  H.  Bartilson;  Maj.  Pren  Metham. 

The  brigade  held  the  center  of  the  division  investment  line ; 
marched  south  of  the  railroad  late  in  the  afternoon  of  May  22  to 
reinforce  Osterhaus’  Division,  but  did  not  assault,  and  returned 
to  its  place  in  the  line  next  day.  The  56th  Illinois  and  17th  Iowa 
were  engaged  in  the  assault  following  the  firing  of  the  mine  under 
the  Third  Louisiana  Redan,  June  25.  Casualties:  In  the  engage- 
ment at  Raymond,  May  12;  1863,  killed  2,  wounded  1,  total  3;  in 
the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed  30,  wounded  182,  miss- 
ing 3,  total  215,  one  officer  killed;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill, 
May  16,  killed  12,  wounded  87,  missing  4,  total  103,  Lieut.  Col. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


105 


Leonidas  Horney  killed ; in  the  assault  May  22,  killed  1,  wounded 
11,  total  12,  one  officer  mortally  wounded;  and  during  the  siege, 
killed  7,  wounded  47,  total  54.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties 
in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  52, 
wounded  328,  missing  7,  total  387. 


U.  S. 

Third  Brigade. 

SEVENTH  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 

TENNESSEE. 

Col.  George  B.  Boomer; 

Col.  Holden  Putnam  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  Charles  L.  Matthies. 

93d  Illinois,  Col.  Holden  Putnam;  Lieut.  Col.  Nicholas  C.  Buswell ; 

Col.  Holden  Putnam. 

5th  Iowa,  Lieut.  Col.  Ezekiel  S.  Sampson;  Col.  Jabez  Banbury. 

10th  Iowa,  Col.  William  E.  Small. 

26th  Missouri,  Maj.  Charles  F.  Brown;  Capt.  Benjamin  D.  Dean. 

The  brigade  advanced  late  in  the  afternoon  of  May  22,  1863, 
against  the  curtain  immediately  north  of  the  Confederate  Railroad 
Redoubt  ; held  the  right  of  the  divisiou  investment  line  to  June  22, 
when  it  withdrew  from  that  line,  marched  to  the  rear,  and  June  30 
took  position  in  the  vicinity  of  Tiffin,  on  the  exterior  line,  fortified 
its  front  and  remained  in  that  position  to  the  end  of  the  siege. 
Casualties:  In  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14,  killed  1, 
wounded  10,  total  11  ; in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16, 
killed  111,  wounded  388,  missing  11,  total  510,  nine  officers  killed 
or  mortally  wounded;  in  skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  killed  1, 
wounded  2,  total  3 ; in  the  assault  May  19,  killed  2,  wounded  3, 
total  5 ; and  in  the  assault  May  22,  killed  14,  wounded  100,  total 
114,  Col.  George  B.  Boomer  killed.  The  aggregate  reported  casual- 
ties in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  siege  were,  killed  129, 
wounded  503,  missing  11,  total  643. 


106 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


u.  s. 

Artillery. 

SEVENTH  DIVISION;  SEVENTEENTH  CORPS;  ARMY  OF  THE 

TENNESSEE. 

Capt.  Frank  C.  Sands  ; 

Capt.  IIenry  Dillon. 

1st  Missouri  Light,  Battery  M,  Lieut.  Junius  W.  MacMurray. 

Ohio  Light,  lltli  Battery,  Lieut.  Cyrus  Sears;  Lieut.  Fletcher  E. 

Armstrong ; Capt.  Frank  C.  Sands. 

Wisconsin  Light,  6th  Battery,  Capt.  Henry  Dillon;  Lieut.  Samuel  F. 

Clark. 

Wisconsin  Light,  12th  Battery,  Capt.  William  Zickerick. 

The  Missouri  Battery  served  on  the  investment  line  until  June 
22,  when  it  was  ordered  to  the  rear;  went  with  the  Third  Brigade  to 
take  position  on  the  exterior  line.  The  Ohio  Battery  went  with  the 
First  Brigade  on  the  march  to  Mechanicsburg,  under  General  Blair, 
and  was  temporarily  assigned  to  Kimball’s  Division,  16th  Corps, 
June  6,  1863.  Casualties:  In  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14, 
wounded  2 (in  the  6th  Wisconsin)  ; and  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s 
Hill,  May  16,  wounded  2 (in  the  6th  AVisconsin).  The  aggregate 
reported  casualties  in  the  command  during  the  campaign  and  siege 
were,  wounded  4. 

U.  S. 

HERRON’S  DIVISION. 

ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Maj.  Gen.  Francis  J.  Herron. 

1st  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  William  Vandever. 

2d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  William  W.  Orme. 

The  division  arrived  at  Young’s  Point,  Louisiana,  June  11,  1863, 
on  transports  from  the  Department  of  the  Missouri ; and  took  posi- 
tion on  the  left  of  the  investment  line,  June  15,  resting  its  left  at  the 
river  below  Vicksburg  and  connecting  its  right  with  the  left  of 
Lauman’s  Division  at  or  near  the  Hall’s  Ferry  road.  The  First 
Brigade  held  the  left,  and  the  Second  Brigade  the  right  of  the 
division  investment  line.  The  division  began  an  approach  to  the 
Confederate  Redoubt  immediately  west  of  the  Warrenton  road.  Its 
aggregate  reported  casualties  from  June  15  to  the  end  of  the  siege 
were,  killed  5,  wounded  16,  total  21. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


107 


U.  S. 

First  Brigade. 

HERRON'S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  Vandiver. 

37th  Illinois.  Col.  John  C.  Black. 

26th  Indiana,  Col.  John  G.  Clark. 

20th  Iowa,  Col.  William  McE.  Dye. 

34th  Iowa,  Col.  George  W.  Clark. 

3Sth  Iowa,  Col.  D.  Henry  Hughes. 

1st  Missouri  Light  Artillery,  Battery  E,  Capt.  Nelson  Cole. 

1st  Missouri  Light  Artillery,  Battery  F,  Capt.  Joseph  Foust. 

The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  from  June  15, 
1863,  to  the  end  of  the  siege  were,  killed  4,  wounded  6,  total  10. 

Second  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  W.  Oraie. 

94tii  Illinois,  Col.  John  McNuIta. 

19th  Iowa,  Lieut.  Col.  Daniel  Kent. 

20th  Wisconsin,  Col.  Henry  Bertram. 

1st  Missouri  Light  Artillery',  Battery  B,  Capt.  Martin  Welfley. 

The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  from  June  15, 
1863,  to  the  end  of  the  siege  were,  killed  1,  wounded  10,  total  11. 


u.  s. 

UNATTACHED  CAVALRY;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

Col.  Cyrus  Bussey'. 

5th  Illinois,  Maj.  Abel  H.  Seley;  Maj.  Thomas  A.  Apperson. 

3d  Iowa,  six  companies,  Maj.  Oliver  H.  P.  Scott. 

2d  Wisconsin,  Col.  Thomas  Stephens. 

The  troops  composing  this  command  arrived  in  the  Yazoo  River 
on  transports  at  intervals  from  June  1 to  16,  1863.  The  command 
was  engaged  in  skirmishing,  out-post  duty,  and  reconnaissances.  It 
was  massed  on  Bear  Creek,  June  29,  to  watch  the  lower  Benton  road 
and  the  ford  on  Big  Black  River  below  Birdsong  Perry.  Casual- 
ties : In  skirmish  at  Mechaniesburg,  June  4,  killed  1,  wounded  3, 
total  4 (in  5th  Illinois)  ; in  skirmish  near  Ellisville,  June  25,  miss- 
ing 37  (in  5th  Illinois).  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  from 
June  4 to  the  end  of  the  siege  were,  killed  1,  wounded  3,  missing  37, 
total  41. 


108 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


u.  s. 

DISTRICT  NORTHEAST  LOUISIANA;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 
Brig.  Gen.  Jeremiah  C.  Sullivan; 

Brig.  Gen.  Elias  S.  Dennis. 

Detached  Brigade,  Col.  George  W.  Neely. 

African  Brigade,  Col.  Isaac  F.  Shepard. 

The  headquarters  of  the  District  were  at  Young’s  Point,  Louis- 
iana. The  command  was  employed  in  guarding  the  approaches  to 
the  right  bank  of  the  river.  The  Detached  Brigade  was  assembled 
and  the  African  Brigade  enrolled,  organized,  equipped,  and  armed 
after  the  beginning  of  the  siege  of  Vicksburg.  Casualties:  Killed 
78,  wounded  246,  missing  409,  total  733. 

Detached  Brigade. 

Col.  George  W.  Neely. 

63d  Illinois,  Col.  Joseph  B.  McCown. 

108th  Illinois,  Lieut.  Col.  Charles  Turner. 

12Qtpi  Illinois,  Col.  George  W.  McKeaig. 

131st  Illinois,  Col.  George  W.  Neely;  Maj.  Joseph  L.  Purvis. 

10th  Illinois  Cavalry",  Companies  A,  D,  G,  and  K,  Maj.  Elvis  P. 
Shaw. 

The  command  was  assembled  after  the  investment  of  Vicksburg, 
the  selection  of  its  regiments  being  determined  by  necessity  or  con- 
venience. The  108th  Illinois  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Port 
Gibson,  May  1,  1863,  and  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16. 
attached  to  the  Second  Brigade,  Tenth  Division,  13th  Corps.  No 
casualties  are  reported  in  the  command  during  the  siege. 

u.  s. 

African  Brigade. 

DISTRICT  NORTHEAST  LOUISIANA;  ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 
Col.  Isaac  F.  Shepard. 

POST  OF  MILLIKEN'S  BEND,  LOUISIANA. 

Col.  Hiram  Scofield. 

8th  Louisiana,  Col.  Hiram  Scofield. 

9th  Louisiana,  Col.  Herman  Lieb ; Maj.  Erastus  N.  Owen ; Lieut. 
Col.  Charles  L.  Paige. 

11th  Louisiana,  Col.  Edwin  W.  Chamberlain ; Lieut.  Col.  Cyrus  Sears. 
13th  Louisiana,  Lieut.  Herman  Knoll. 

1st  Mississippi,  Lieut.  Col.  A.  Watson  Webber. 

3d  Mississippi.  Col.  Richard  H.  Ballenger. 

Casualties:  In  the  attack  on  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  June 
7,  1863,  killed  78,  wounded  246,  missing  265,  total  589. 


The  Shirley  House  in  1868. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


Ill 


POST  OF  GOODRICH’S  LANDING,  LOUISIANA. 

Col.  William  F.  Wood. 

1st  Arkansas,  Lieut.  Col.  James  W.  Campbell. 

10th  Louisiana,  Col.  Frederick  M.  Crandal. 

Two  companies  (numbering  144  officers  and  men)  of  the  1st 
Arkansas  were  captured  June  29,  1863,  at  Mounds,  near  Goodrich’s 
Landing. 

U.  S. 

Detached  for  Service  on  Gunboats. 

ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

29th  Illinois  Infantry  (detachment.) 

Companies  D and  K were  assigned  to  duty  on  gunboats  by  order 
of  Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant,  dated  February  18,  1863;  Company  D, 
under  Capt.  Eberlee  P.  H.  Stone,  served  during  the  campaign  and 
siege  of  Vicksburg  on  gunboat  “Tyler”  and  a detachment  from 
the  company  for  a time  on  U.  S.  S.  “ Tuscumbia ; ” Company  K. 
under  Capt.  Elijah  P.  Curtis,  with  enlisted  men  of  other  companies 
of  the  regiment  attached  to  it,  served  on  gunboat  “Petrel”  and  on 
other  boats.  Casualties:  In  the  bombardment  of  Grand  Gulf, 
April  29,  killed  1,  wounded  2,  total  3 (in  Company  D).  The  de- 
tachment was  borne  on  the  returns  for  January  31,  1863,  in  First 
Brigade,  District  of  Jackson,  16tli  Corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee. 

U.  S. 

Detached  for  Service  on  Gunboats. 

ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

101st  Illinois  Infantry  (detachment.) 

Company  A was  detailed  for  service  on  gunboats,  March  6,  1863. 
Its  operations  after  that  date,  during  the  campaign  and  siege  of 
Vicksburg,  are  not  of  record ; Company  D served  for  a time  at  Gen- 
eral Grant’s  headquarters,  and,  later  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the 
gunboats  “Cricket”  and  “Rattler;”  Company  G was  detailed  for 
duty,  about  March  1,  1863,  on  the  ram  “Switzerland”  and  appears 
to  have  served  on  that  ram  during  the  campaign  and  siege ; Com- 
pany II  served  on  the  gunboat  “LaFayette;”  a detachment  from 
the  company  served  on  the  ram  “Monarch;”  Company  K was  on 
duty  as  provost-guarcl  at  General  Grant’s  headquarters;  a detach- 
ment from  the  company  was,  for  a time,  in  charge  of  coal  fleet. 
Casualties  in  detachment  during  the  campaign  and  siege,  not  re- 
ported. The  detachment  was  borne  on  the  returns  for  January  31. 


112 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


1863,  in  Second  Brigade,  Fourth  Division,  16th  Corps,  Army  of  the 
Tennessee. 

U.  s. 

Detached  for  Service  on  Gunboats. 

ARMY  OF  THE  TENNESSEE. 

58th  Ohio  Infantry,  Maj.  Ezra  P.  Jackson. 

This  regiment  was  detailed  for  service  on  gunboats  by  order  of 
Maj.  Gen.  William  T.  Sherman,  dated  February  6,  1863 ; before  that 
date  it  was  attached  to  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  15th  Corps, 
Army  of.  the  Tennessee.  Casualties:  In  the  bombardment  of 
Grand  Gulf,  April  29,  killed  1,  wounded  18,  total  19;  near  Yazoo 
City,  May  23,  killed  1 ; near  Vicksburg,  May  23,  wounded  5 ; near 
Vicksburg,  May  27,  killed  3,  wounded  1,  total  4;  and  during  the  re- 
mainder of  the  siege,  not  reported.  Aggregate  reported  casualties 
in  regiment  during  the  campaign  and  siege,  killed  5,  wounded  24, 
total  29. 


CONFEDERATE  ARMY, 

c.  s. 

ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Lieut.  Gen.  John  C.  Pemberton. 

Stevenson’s  Division,  Maj.  Gen.  C.  L.  Stevenson. 

Maury’s-Fokney’s  Division,  Maj.  Gen.  Dabney  IT.  Maury;  Maj.  Gen. 

John  H.  Forney. 

Smith’s  Division,  Maj.  Gen.  M.  L.  Smith. 

Forney’s-Bowen’s  Division,  Maj.  Gen.  John  H.  Forney;  Maj.  Gen. 

John  S.  Bowen. 

Waul’s  Texas  Legion,  Col.  T.  N.  Waul. 

River  Batteries,  Col.  Ed.  Higgins. 

Miscellaneous,  one  detachment  aud  two  companies. 

The  army  was  engaged  in  the  battles  and  movements  of  the 
Vicksburg  campaign  beginning  March  29,  1863,  and  began  taking 
position  on  the  line  of  defense,  May  18 — Stevenson’s  Division  on  the 
right,  Forney ’s  in  the  center,  and  Smith ’s  on  the  left.  Bowen ’s  Di- 
vision and  Waul’s  Texas  Legion  in  reserve.  The  assaults  of  the 
Union  army,  May  19  and  May  22,  were  repulsed.  The  siege  opera- 
tions of  that  army  were  successfully  opposed  from  May  23  to  July  3, 
when  a proposal  for  capitulation  was  sent  by  General  Pemberton  to 
General  Grant.  They  met  for  conference  that  afternoon  between 
the  lines  and  near  the  Jackson  road.  The  terms  of  capitulation 


Park  Inscriptions. 


113 


were  agreed  upon  by  correspondence  after  the  meeting  and,  July  4, 
the  army  was  surrendered  to  General  Grant.  The  aggregate  re- 
ported casualties  in  the  army  during  the  campaign  and  defense 
were,  killed  1,302,  wounded  3,486,  missing  3,448,  total  8,236. 

C.  S. 

STEVENSON’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Maj.  Gen.  C.  L.  Stevenson. 

1st  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  S.  M.  Barton. 

2d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  E.  D.  Tracy ; Co],  Isliam  W.  Garrett ; Brig. 
Gen.  S.  D.  Lee. 

3d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  H.  Taylor;  Brig.  Gen.  Alfred  Cum- 
in ing. 

4th  Brigade  Artillery  (six  batteries  and  a section).  Col.  A.  W.  Rey- 
nolds. 

Attached. 

Carter’s  1st  Tennessee  Cavalry,  Company  C,  C-apt.  R.  S.  Vandyke. 

Signal  Corps,  Lieut.  C.  H.  Barrot. 

The  division  was  at  Vicksburg  at  the  beginning  of  the  campaign, 
March  29,  1863,  and  took  position  on  the  right  of  the  line  of  defense 
May  18 — the  First  Brigade  on  the  right  resting  its  right  at  the  re- 
doubt west  of  the  Warrenton  road,  the  fourth  on  the  right  center, 
the  third  on  the  left  center,  and  the  second  on  the  left,  resting  its 
left  at  the  railroad.  Countermines  against  saps  were  prepared  at 
three  points  and  fifed  at  one.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Port 
Gibson,  May  1,  killed  18,  wounded  132,  missing  142,  total  292,  three 
officers  killed;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  233, 
wounded  527,  missing  2,103,  total  2,863.  Maj.  Joseph  W.  Ander- 
son, chief  of  artillery,  and  twelve  other  officers  killed;  and  in  the 
defense,  killed  145,  wounded  350,  missing  37,  total  532,  eleven  offi- 
cers killed.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  division  dur- 
ing the  campaign  and  defense  were,  killed  396,  wounded  1,009,  miss- 
ing 2,282,  total  3,687. 

c.  s. 

First  Brigade. 

STEVENSON’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  Seth  M.  Barton. 

40th  Georgia,  Col.  Abcla  Johnson;  Lieut.  Col.  R.  M.  Young. 

41st  Georgia,  Col.  William  E.  Curtiss. 

42d  Georgia,  Col.  R.  J.  Henderson. 

43d  Georgia,  Col.  Skidmore  Harris ; Capt.  M.  M.  Grantham. 

52d  Georgia,  Col.  C.  D.  Phillips;  Maj.  John  Jay  Moore. 


[81 


114 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  1863, 
killed  58,  wounded  16,  missing  737,  total  901,  Col.  Skidmore  Harris 
and  two  other  officers  killed ; and  in  the  defense,  killed  6,  wounded 
20,  missing  16,  total  42.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
brigade  during  the  campaign  and  defense  were,  killed  64,  wounded 
126,  missing  753,  total  943. 


c.  s. 

Second  Brigade. 

STEVENSON’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  E.  D.  Tkacy  ; 

Col.  Isham  W.  Gakkott  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  S.  D.  Lee. 

20tii  Alabama,  Col.  Isliam  W.  Garrott ; Lieut.  Col.  Edmund  W.  Pet- 
tus;  Col.  Isham  W.  Garrott;  Col.  Edmund  W.  Pettus. 

23d  Alabama,  Col.  F.  K.  Beck. 

30th  Alabama,  Col.  C.  M.  Shelley ; Capt.  John  C.  Francis. 

31st  Alabama,  Col.  D.  R.  Hundley;  Lieut.  Col.  T.  M.  Arrington;  Maj. 
George  W.  Mathieson ; Lieut.  Col.  T.  M.  Arrington. 

46th  Alabama,  Col.  M.  L.  Woods ; Capt.  George  E.  Brewer ; Lieut. 
Col.  Edmund  W.  Pettus;  Capt.  George  E.  Brewer. 

The  brigade  reinforced  by  Waul’s  Texas  Legion,  repulsed  a de- 
termined assault  on  its  front  and  especially  at  the  railroad  redoubt 
on  its  left,  May  22,  1863,  Colonel  Pettus  leading  a detachment  of 
the  Legion  that  reoecupied  the  redoubt  in  the  afternoon.  Counter- 
mines were  prepared  at  that  redoubt  and  at  Fort  Garrott  on  the 
right  of  the  brigade,  one  of  which  was  fired  at  the  redoubt  the  night 
of  July  2.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed 
17,  wounded  112,  missing  142,  total  271,  Brig.  Gen.  E.  D.  Tracy  and 
one  other  officer  killed,  Brig.  Gen.  S.  D.  Lee  assigned  to  command 
May  2 ; in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  44,  wounded 
142,  missing  604,  total  790,  two  officers  killed;  and  in  the  defense, 
killed  70,  wounded  147,  missing  7,  total  224,  Col.  Isham  W.  Garrott 
and  two  other  officers  killed.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in 
the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  defense  were,  killed  131, 
wounded  401,  missing  753,  total  1,285. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


115 


C.  S. 

Third  Brigade. 

STEVENSON'S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  Thomas  H.  Taylor; 

Brig.  Gen.  Alfred  Cumming. 

34tii  Georgia.  Col.  James  A.  W.  Johnson. 

36th  Georgia.  Cel.  Jesse  A.  Glenn : Maj.  Charles  E.  Broyles. 

39th  Georgia,  Col.  J.  T.  McConnell ; Lieut.  Col.  J.  F.  B.  Jackson. 

56th  Georgia.  Col.  E.  P.  Watkins;  Lieut.  Col.  J.  T.  Slaughter. 

57th  Georgia,  Col.  William  Barkuloo. 

Two  sorties  were  made  from  the  salient  redoubt  on  the  east  side 
of  the  flail’s  Perry  road  at  which  the  right  of  the  brigade  rested: 
in  the  last  one.  the  night  of  June  22,  1863,  a lieutenant  colonel  and 
five  men  were  captured.  A countermine  was  prepared  at  that  re- 
doubt during  the  night  of  July  2.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of 
Champion’s  Hill.  May  16.  killed  121,  wounded  269,  missing  605, 
total  995,  seven  officers  killed;  and  in  the  defense,  killed  43, 
wounded  12S,  total  171,  one  officer  killed.  The  aggregate  reported 
casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  defense  were, 
killed  164,  wounded  397,  missing  605,  total  1,166. 


C.  S. 

Fourth  Brigade. 

STEVENSON'S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Col.  A.  W.  Reynolds. 

3d  Tennessee  (Provisional  Army),  Col.  N.  J.  Lillard. 

31st  Tennessee,  Col.  W.  M.  Bradford. 

43d  Tennessee,  Col.  James  W.  Gillespie. 

59tii  Tennessee,  Col.  William  L.  Eakin. 

The  left  of  the  brigade  rested  at  the  Hall’s  Ferry  road  and  a 
detachment  of  its  left  regiment  was  engaged  in  the  sortie  the  night 
of  June  22,  1863.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill. 
May  16.  missing  152  (including  12  at  Big  Black  River),  the  brigade 
having  been  ordered  to  take  charge  of  and  guard  the  army  train  to 
Brownsville  north  of  the  railroad,  and  not  actively  engaged  in  the 
defense,  killed  16,  wounded  25.  missing  14,  total  55,  six  officers 
killed.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the 
campaign  and  defense  were,  killed  16,  wounded  25,  missing  166, 
total  207. 


116 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


c.  s. 

Artillery. 

STEVENSON’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Alabama  Battery,  Capt.  J.  F.  Waddell. 

Botetourt  (Virginia)  Artillery,  Capt.  .T.  W.  Johnston;  Lieut.  Fran- 
cis G.  Obenchain. 

Cherokee  (Georgia)  Artillery,  Capt.  Max  Van  Den  Corput. 

3d  Maryland  Battery,  Capt.  F.  O.  Claiborne;  Capt.  John  B.  Rowan. 

Hudson’s  (Mississippi)  Battery,  Lieut.  J.  R.  Sweaney ; Lieut.  M.  II. 
Trantham. 

Pointe  Coupee  (Louisiana)  Artillery,  Company  A (Section),  Lieut. 
John  Yoist. 

Pointe  Coupee  (Louisiana)  Artillery,  Company  C,  Capt.  Alexander 
Chust. 

Capt.  J.  W.  Johnston  served  as  Division  Inspector-General  of 
Light  Artillery  during  the  defense.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of 
Port  Gibson,  May  1,  1863,  killed  1,  wounded  20,  total  21  (in  the  Vir- 
ginia Artillery,  one  officer  killed ; in  the  Mississippi  Battery, 
wounded  20)  ; in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  9, 
wounded  10,  missing  5,  total  24  (in  the  Alabama  Battery)  ; and  in 
the  defense,  killed  10,  wounded  30,  total  40  (in  the  Alabama  Bat- 
tery, killed  9,  wounded  30,  total  39;  in  the  Maryland  Battery,  Capt. 
F.  O.  Claiborne  killed).  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the 
six  batteries  and  section  during  the  campaign  and  defense  were, 
killed  20,  wounded  60,  missing  5,  total  85. 


C.  S. 

MAURY’S-FORNEY’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Maj.  Gen.  Dabney  H.  Maury  ; 

Maj.  Gen.  John  H.  Forney. 

Hebert’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Louis  Hebert;  Col.  William  W.  Wither- 
spoon ; Brig.  Gen.  Louis  Hebert. 

Moore’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  John  C.  Moore. 

The  division  held  the  line  from  Haynes’  Bluff  on  the  right  to  the 
Mississippi  River  at  the  beginning  of  the  Vicksburg  campaign, 
March  29,  1863 ; General  Forney  assigned  to  command  April  17 ; it 
took  position  in  the  center  of  the  line  of  defense,  May  18 — Moore’s 
Brigade  on  the  right  resting  its  right  at  the  railroad,  and  Hebert’s 
Brigade  on  the  left  resting  its  left  at  the  Graveyard  road.  Coun- 
termines against  saps  and  mines  were  prepared  at  three  points  and 
fired  at  one.  Casualties:  In  the  defense  of  Haynes’  Bluff,  April 
30,  wounded  3 ; and  in  the  defense,  killed  340,  wounded  759,  missing 


Park  Inscriptions. 


117 


21,  total  1,120,  tliirty-tliree  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 
The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  division  during  the  cam- 
paign and  defense  were,  killed  340,  wounded  762,  missing  21,  total 
1,123. 

C.  S. 

Hebert's  Brigade. 

-MADE V S -Ft) R \ ’EY  ’ S DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  Louis  Hebert  ; 

Col.  W.  W.  Witherspoon  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  Louis  Hebert. 

Sd  Louisiana,  Maj.  David  Pierson ; Lieut.  Col.  Samuel  D.  Russell ; 
Maj.  David  Pierson. 

21st  Louisiana,  Col.  Isaac  W.  Patton. 

22d  Louisiana  (detachment),  Lieut.  Col.  John  T.  Plattsmier. 

36th  Mississippi,  Col.  W.  TV.  Witherspoon. 

37th  Mississippi.  Col.  O.  S.  Holland. 

38th  Mississippi,  Col.  Preston  Brent ; Capt.  D.  B.  Seal. 

43d  Mississippi,  Col.  Richard  Harrison. 

7th  Mississippi  Battalion,  Capt.  A.  M.  Dozier. 

2d  Alabama  Artillery  Battalion,  Company  C,  Capt.  T.  K.  Emanuel ; 
Lieut.  John  R.  Sc-later. 

Appeal  (Arkansas)  Battery.  Capt.  William  N.  Hogg;  Lieut.  Christo- 
pher C.  Scott:  Lieut.  R.  N.  Gotten. 

The  brigade,  reinforced  bv  regiments  of  Cockrell’s  Brigade  of 
Bowen’s  Division,  repulsed  determined  and  repeated  assaults  on  its 
front,  May  19  and  May  22,  1863 ; and  with  the  same  reinforcement, 
repulsed  the  assault  following  the  firing  of  the  mine  under  the 
Third  Louisiana  Redan,  June  25.  It  closed  to  the  right,  June  2, 
thereby  making  room  for  Green’s  Brigade  between  its  left  and  the 
Graveyard  road.  Countermines  were  prepared  at  two  points.  Cas- 
ualties: In  the  defense  of  Haynes’  Bluff.  April  30,  wounded  3; 
and  in  the  defense,  killed  219,  wounded  455,  missing  21,  total  695, 
twenty-five  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  aggregate  re- 
ported casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  defense 
were,  killed  219.  wounded  458,  missing  21,  total  698. 


118 


Indiana  at  Vicksbueg. 


C.  S. 

Moore' a Brigade. 

MAURY'S  FORNEYS  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  C.  Moore. 

37th  Alabama]  Col.  James  F.  Dowdell. 

40th  Alabama,  Col.  John  H.  Higley. 

42d  Alabama,  Col.  John  W.  Portis;  Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  C.  Lanier; 
Col.  John  W.  Portis. 

35tii  Mississippi,  Col.  William  S.  Barry;  Lieut.  Col.  C.  R.  Jordan. 

40th  Mississippi,  Col.  W.  B.  Colbert. 

2d  Texas,  Col.  Aslibel  Smith. 

1st  Mississippi  Light  Artillery,  Companies  A,  C,  D,  E,  G and  I, 
Col.  William  T.  Withers. 

Alabama  Battery,  Capt.  H.  H.  Seugstak. 

Pointe  Coupee  (Louisiana)  Artillery,  Company  B,  Capt.  Wm.  A. 
Davidson. 

The  brigade,  reinforced  by  regiments  of  Green’s  Brigade,  re- 
pulsed determined  and  repeated  assaults  on  its  front,  May  22,  1863. 
Countermines  were  prepared  at  the  lunette  on  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry 
road,  one  of  which  was  fired  June  28.  Casualties : In  the  de- 
fense, killed  121,  wounded  304,  total  425,  eight  officers  killed  or  mor- 
tally wounded. 


C.  S. 

SMITH'S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Maj.  Gen.  M.  L.  Smith. 

Baldwin’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  William  E.  Baldwin;  Col.  Allen 
Thomas ; Col.  Robert  Richardson ; Brig.  Gen.  William  E.  Bald- 
win. 

Vaughn’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  J.  C.  Vaughn. 

Lee’s-Siioup’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  S.  D.  Lee;  Brig.  Gen.  Francis  A. 
Shoup. 

Mississippi  State  Troops,  Brig.  Gen.  Jeptlia  V.  Harris. 

Attached. 

Detachment,  Maj.  J.  R.  Stevens. 

14tii  Mississippi  Light  Artillery'  Battalion,  Maj.  M.  S.  Ward. 
Mississippi  Partisan  Rangers,  Capt.  J.  S.  Smyth. 

Signal  Corps,  Capt.  Max  T.  Davidson. 

The  division  was  at  Vicksburg  at  the  beginning  of  the  campaign, 
March  29,  1863 ; took  position  on  the  line  of  defense,  May  18,  and 
the  morning  of  May  19 — Shoup ’s  Brigade  on  the  right  resting  its 
right  at  the  angle  in  the  Stockade  Redan  on  the  Graveyard  road, 


Shirley  House  Before  Restoration. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


121 


Baldwin’s  in  the  center,  and  Vaughn’s  on  the  left  resting  its  left  at 
or  near  the  river ; and  repulsed  determined  and  repeated  assaults  on 
its  right,  May  19  and  May  22.  Countermines  against  saps  and 
mines  were  prepared  at  three  points  and  fired  at  one.  Casualties : 
In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed  12,  wounded  48,  missing 
27,  total  87 ; in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17, 
not  reported ; and  in  the  defense,  killed  151,  wounded  338,  missing 
18,  total  507.  fifteen  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded.  The  ag- 
gregate reported  casualties  in  the  division  during  the  campaign  and 
defense  were,  killed  163,  wounded  386,  missing  45,  total  594. 


C.  S. 

Baldwin's  Brigade. 

SMITH’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  E.  Baldwin  ; 

Col.  Allen  Thomas  ; 

Col.  Robert  Richardson  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  William  E.  Baldwin. 

17th  Louisiana.  Col.  Robert  Richardson ; Lieut.  Col.  Madison  Rog- 
ers; Maj.  W.  A.  Redditt;  Col.  Robert  Richardson. 

31st  Louisiana.  Col.  C.  H.  Morrison;  Lieut.  Col.  S.  II.  Griffin;  Maj. 
James  W.  Draughon. 

4th  Mississippi,  Col.  r.  S.  Layton;  Lieut.  Col.  T.  N.  Adaire;  Capt. 
Thomas  P.  Nelson. 

46th  Mississippi,  Col.  C.  W.  Sears. 

Tennessee  Battery,  Capt.  Thomas  F.  Tobin. 

One  regiment  was  engaged  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17, 
1863.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed  12, 
wounded  48,  missing  27,  total  87 ; in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black 
River  Bridge,  May  17,  not  reported;  and  in  the  defense,  killed  30, 
wounded  85.  missing  6.  total  121,  Lieut.  Col.  Madison  Rogers,  Lieut. 
Col.  S.  II.  Griffin  and  one  other  officer  killed.  The  aggregate  re- 
ported casualties  in  the  brigade  during  the  campaign  and  defense 
were,  killed  42,  wounded  133,  missing  33,  total  208. 


122 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


c.  s. 

Vaughn’s  Brigade. 

SMITH’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  J.  C.  Vaughn. 

60th  Tennessee,  Col.  J.  H.  Crawford;  Lieut.  Col.  N.  Gregg;  Capt. 
J.  W.  Bachman. 

61st  Tennessee,  Col.  F.  E.  Pitts;  Lieut.  Col.  James  G.  Rose. 

62n  Tennessee,  Col.  John  A.  Rowan. 

Casualties:  In  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge, 
May  17,  1863,  not  reported;  and  in  the  defense,  killed  9,  wounded 
22,  missing  10,  total  41. 


c.  s. 

Lee’s-Shoitp’s  Brigade. 

SMITH’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  S.  D.  Lee; 

Brig.  Gen.  Francis  A.  Shoup. 

26th  Louisiana,  Col.  Winchester  Hall ; Lieut.  Col.  William  C.  Crow. 

27th  Louisiana,  Col.  L.  D.  Marks;  Lieut.  Col.  L.  L.  McLaurin;  Maj. 

Alex  S.  Norwood;  Col.  L.  D.  Marks;  Capt.  Joseph  T.  Hatch. 

28th  (29th)  Louisiana,  Col.  Allen  Thomas. 

McNally’s  (Arkansas)  Battery,  Capt.  Francis  McNally. 

The  brigade,  reinforced  by  regiments  of  Cockrell’s  Brigade  of 
Bowen ’s  Division,  repulsed  determined  and  repeated  assaults  on  its 
front,  May  19  and  May  22,  1863.  Countermines  were  prepared  at 
two  points  and  fired  at  one.  Casualties : In  the  defense,  killed 
107,  wounded  199,  total  306,  Col.  L.  D.  Marks,  Lieut.  Col.  L.  L. 
McLaurin  and  ten  other  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 


C.  S. 

Mississippi  State  Troops. 

SMITH’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  Jeptha  V.  Harris. 

5th  Regiment,  Col.  H.  C.  Robinson. 

3d  Battalion,  Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  A.  Burgin. 

The  command  arrived  at  Vicksburg  about  May  10,  1863.  Cas- 
ualties : Id  the  defense,  killed  3,  wounded  28,  total  31. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


123 


Attached. 

Detachment,  Maj.  J.  R.  Stevens. 

14th  Mississippi  Light  Artillery  Battalion,  Maj.  M.  S.  Ward. 

Mississippi  Partisan  Rangers,  Capt.  J.  S.  Smyth. 

Signal  Corps,  Capt.  Max  T.  Davidson. 

The  detachment  under  Major  Stevens  was  composed  of  officers 
and  men  of  Loring’s  Division,  largely  of  the  6th  Mississippi,  de- 
tached from  that  command  at  the  close  of  the  battle  of  Champion’s 
Hill,  May  16.  1863.  Casualties : In  the  defense,  killed  2,  wounded 
1,  missing  2,  total  5.  Battery  C,  14th  Mississippi  Light  Artillery 
Battalion,  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16; 
Batteries  A and  B and  one  section  of  Battery  C served  in  the  de- 
fense. Casualties:  In  the  defense,  wounded  3.  Neither  the  Mis- 
sissippi Partisan  Rangers  nor  the  Signal  Corps  are  mentioned  in  the 
“Official  Records”  except,  in  the  statement  of  the  organization  of 
the  Confederate  Army  of  Vicksburg.  The  aggregate  reported  cas- 
ualties in  the  attached  commands  during  the  defense  were,  killed  2, 
wounded  4,  missing  2,  total  8. 


C.  S. 

FORNEY’S— BOWEN’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Maj.  Gen.  J.  H.  Forney; 

Maj.  Gen.  John  S.  Bowen. 

First  (Missouri)  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Jolm  S.  Bowen;  Col.  Francis 
M.  Cockrell. 

2d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Martin  E.  Green;  Col.  T.  P.  Dockery. 

The  headquarters  of  the  division  were  at  Big  Black  River 
Bridge  at  the  beginning  of  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  March  29. 
1863 ; General  Bowen  assigned  to  command,  April  17.  The  division 
was  nominally  in  reserve  at  the  beginning  of  the  defense,  but  was 
engaged  in  repulsing  the  assaults,  May  19  and  May  22,  and  in  all 
the  work  of  the  defense.  Casualties : In  the  defense  of  Grand 
Gulf,  April  29,  killed  3,  wounded  18,  total  21,  Col.  William  Wade, 
Chief  of  Artillery,  killed;  in  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1, 
killed  26.  wounded  148,  missing  172,  total  346,  one  officer  killed: 
in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  131,  wounded  430, 
missing  307,  total  868,  sixteen  officers  killed;  in  the  engagement  at 
Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17,  killed  3,  wounded  9,  missing  539, 
total  551  (cann  be  distributed  to  the  two  brigades),  one  officer 


124 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


killed ; and  in  the  defense,  killed  190,  wounded  504,  missing  74,  total 
768,  twenty-four  officers  killed.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties 
in  the  division  during  the  campaign  and  defense  were,  killed  353, 
wounded  1,109,  missing  1,092,  total  2,554. 


G.  S. 

First  ( Missouri ) Brigade. 

M)RNEY’S-BO  WEN’S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  S.  Bowen; 

Col.  Francis  M.  Cockrell. 

1st  and  4th  Missouri,  Col.  A.  C.  Riley. 

2d  Missouri.  Col.  Francis  M.  Cockrell ; Lieut.  Col.  Pembroke  S.  Sen- 
teny;  Maj.  Thomas  M.  Carter. 

3d  Missouri,  Lieut.  Col.  F.  L.  Hubbell;  Col.  IV.  R.  Gause;  Maj.  J.  K. 
McDowell. 

5th  Missouri.  Col.  James  McCown ; Lieut.  Col.  R.  S.  Bevier ; Col. 
James  McCown. 

Gtii  Missouri,  Col.  Eugene  Erwin;  Maj.  S.  Cooper;  Col.  Eugene  Er- 
win ; Maj.  S.  Cooper. 

Guibor’s  (Missouri)  Battery,  Ca.pt.  Henry  Guibor;  Lieut.  William 
Corkery;  Lieut.  Cornelius  Heffernan. 

Landis’  (Missouri)  Battery,  Capt.  John  C.  Landis;  Lieut.  John  M. 
Langan. 

Wade’s  (Missouri)  Battery,  Lieut.  R.  C.  Walsh. 

The  Fifth  and  Sixth  Regiments  were  engaged  in  the  repulse  of 
the  assault  following  the  firing  of  the  mine  under  the  Third  Louis- 
iana Redan,  June  25,  Col.  Eugene  Erwin  and  one  other  officer 
killed.  Casualties : In  the  defense  of  Grand  Gulf,  April  29,  killed 
2,  wounded  18,  total  20;  in  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed 
13,  wounded  97,  missing  96,  total  206,  one  officer  killed;  in  the  bat- 
tle of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  killed  65,  wounded  293,  missing 
242,  total  600 ; in  the  engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May 
17,  cannot  be  stated ; and  in  the  defense,  killed  113,  wounded  446, 
total  559.  The  aggregate  reported  casualties  in  the  brigade  during 
the  campaign  and  defense  were,  killed  193,  wounded  854,  missing 
338,  total  1,385. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


125 


c.  s. 

Second  Brigade. 

FORNEY‘S-RO  WEN'S  DIVISION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Brig.  Gen.  Martin  E.  Green  ; 

Col.  T.  P.  Dockery. 

15tii  Arkansas,  Lieut.  Col.  W.  W.  Reynolds;  Capt.  Caleb  Davis. 

19th  Arkansas,  Col.  T.  P.  Dockery;  Capt.  James  K.  Norwood. 

20tii  Arkansas,  Col.  D.  W.  Jones. 

21st  Arkansas,  Col.  J.  E.  Cravens ; Capt.  A.  Tyler. 

1st  Arkansas  Cavalry  Battalion  (dismounted),  Capt.  W.  S.  Catter- 
son ; Capt.  John  J.  Clark. 

12th  Arkansas  Battalion  Sharpshooters,  Capt.  Griff  Bayne;  Lieut. 
John  S.  Bell. 

1st  Missouri  Cavalry  (dismounted),  Col.  E.  Gates;  Maj.  William  C. 
Parker. 

3d  Missouri  Cavalry  Battalion  (dismounted).  Lieut.  Col.  D.  Todd 
Samuel ; Capt.  Felix  Lotspeich. 

3d  Missouri  Battery,  Capt.  William  E.  Dawson. 

Lowe’s  (Missouri)  Battery,  Capt.  Schuyler  Lowe;  Lieut.  Thomas  B. 
Catron. 

The  brigade  took  position  on  the  line  of  defense,  June  2,  1863, 
resting  its  left  at  the  angle  of  the  Stockade  Redan  on  the  Grave- 
yard road  and  connecting  its  right  with  the  left  of  Hebert’s 
Brigade.  Detachments  only  of  the  First  and  Third  Missouri  Cav- 
alry were  engaged  in  the  defense.  General  Green  was  killed  in  the 
trenches,  June  27,  and  Colonel  Dockery  assigned  to  command.  Cas- 
ualties : In  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  killed  13,  wounded 
51.  missing  76,  total  140;  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16 
(estimated),  killed  66,  wounded  137,  missing  65,  total  268;  in  the 
engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17,  cannot  be  stated; 
and  in  the  defense  (estimated),  killed  77,  wounded  58,  missing  74. 
total  209.  The  aggregate  reported  and  estimated  casualties  in  the 
brigade  during  the  campaign  and  defense  were,  killed  156,  wounded 
246,  missing  215,  total  617. 


c.  s. 

WALL’S  TEXAS  LEGION;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 
Col.  T.  N.  Waul. 

1st  Battalion  (Infantry),  Maj.  Eugene  S.  Bolling. 

2d  Battalion  (Infantry),  Lieut.  Col.  James  Wrigley. 

Zouave  Battalion  (Infantry),  Capt.  J.  B .Fleitas. 

Cavalry  Battalion,  Lieut.  Thomas  J.  Cleveland. 

Artillery  Company,  Capt.  J.  Q.  Wall. 


126 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


The  Legion  was  at  Port  Pemberton,  Mississippi,  during  March 
and  April,  1863.  By  order  of  General  Pemberton,  dated  May  4, 
Colonel  Waul  moved  on  transports  to  Snyder’s  Bluff,  leaving  300  of 
his  troops  at  Fort  Pemberton.  He  reported  that  the  part  of  the 
Legion  that  entered  Vicksburg,  May  17,  and  served  in  the  defense, 
consisted  of  eleven  infantry  companies,  one  artillery  company,  a 
detachment  of  mounted  scouts,  and  a battalion  of  attached  Zouaves. 
The  afternoon  of  May  19,  the  command  reported  to  General  Ste- 
venson and  was  assigned  a position  in  rear  of  the  left  of  Lee’s 
Brigade,  that  being  the  most  assailable  and  threatened  point  on  the 
line  of  Stevenson’s  Division.  It  assisted  in  repulsing  the  assaults 
on  General  Lee’s  line,  May  22,  with  a detachment  from  two  of  its 
companies — about  thirty-five  men,  led  by  Col.  Edmund  Pettus,  20th 
Alabama,  reoccupied  the  railroad  redoubt.  Casualties : In  the  de- 
fense, killed  47,  wounded  190,  missing  8,  total  245,  ten  officers  re- 
ported killed. 

C.  S. 

RIVER  BATTERIES;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

Col.  Ed.  Higgins. 

1st  Louisiana  Heavy  Artillery-,  Col.  C.  A.  Fuller;  Lieut.  Col.  D. 

Beltzhoover. 

Stii  Louisiana  Heavy  Artillery  Battalion,  Maj.  F.  N.  Ogden. 

22d  Louisiana  (detachment),  Capt.  Samuel  .Tones. 

1st  Tennessee  Heavy  Artillery,  Col.  A.  Jackson,  .Tr. 

Tennessee  Battery,  Capt.  J.  B.  Carutliers. 

Tennessee  Battery,  Capt.  T.  N.  Johnston. 

Tennessee  Battery,  Capt.  .T.  P.  Lynch. 

Vaiden  (Mississippi ) Battery",  Capt.  S.  C.  Bains. 

The  command,  at  the  beginning  of  the  defense,  May  18,  1863. 
was  in  charge  of  thirty-one  heavy  guns  in  position  on  the  river  front 
line,  and  thirteen  light  guns  on  the  city  front.  All  the  light  and 
six  of  the  heavy  guns  were  successively  ordered  to  the  rear  line  of 
defense  with  the  detachment  serving  them.  The  attacks  of  the 
Union  gunboats  were  repulsed,  May  22  and  May  27,  the  gunboat 
“Cincinnati”  being  sunk  in  the  great  bend  of  the  river  by  the  upper 
batteries  on  the  last-named  day.  Casualties:  In  opposing  the 
passage  of  the  Union  transports,  the  night  of  April  22,  killed  1, 
wounded  2,  total  3 ; and  during  the  defense,  about  30  killed  and 
wounded. 


Rear,  or  North  Side  of  Shirley  House  after  Restoration. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


129 


c.  s. 

MISCELLANEOUS;  ARMY  OF  VICKSBURG. 

54th  Alabama  (detachment),  Lieut.  Joel  1’  Abney. 

City  Guards,  Capt.  E.  B.  Martin. 

Signal  Corps,  Capt.  C.  A.  King. 

The  detachment  of  the  54th  Alabama,  Buford’s  Brigade,  Bor- 
ing’s Division,  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May 
16,  1863,  and  served  in  the  defense.  Neither  the  Detachment,  the 
City  Guards,  nor  the  Signal  Corps  are  mentioned  in  the  “Official 
Records”  except  in  the  statement  of  the  organization  of  the  Con- 
federate Army  of  Vicksburg. 

c.  s. 

JOHNSTON’S  ARMY. 

Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston. 

Breckinridge’s  Division,  Maj.  Gen.  John  C.  Breckinridge. 

French’s  Division,  Maj.  Gen.  S.  G.  French. 

Boring’s  Division,  Maj.  Gen.  W.  W.  Boring. 

Walker's  Division,  Maj.  Gen.  W.  H.  T.  Walker. 

Cavalry  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  William  H.  Jackson. 

Reserve  Artillery,  Maj.  W.  C.  Preston. 

The  army  was  assembled  after  the  engagement  at  Jackson,  Mis- 
sissippi, May  14,  1863.  in  the  hope  that  it  would  be  able  to  raise  the 
siege  of  Vicksburg,  either  by  defeating  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee, 
or  by  assisting  the  Confederate  Army  of  Vicksburg  to  break  through 
the  investment  line.  Boring’s  Division  and  Gregg’s,  Gist’s  and 
Wilson’s  Brigades  of  Walker’s  Division  were  engaged  in  some  of 
the  battles  of  the  campaign.  The  army  was  on  the  march  toward 
Vicksburg,  July  4,  and  its  leading  divisions  were  close  to  and  on  the 
east  side  of  Big  Black  River.  It  fell  back  to  Jackson  when  the 
Army  of  Vicksburg  surrendered.  The  aggregate  reported  casual- 
ties in  the  army  during  the  campaign  were,  killed  111,  wounded 
392,  missing  352,  total  855. 

C.  S. 

B RECK  INRIDGE’S  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON’S  ARMY. 

Maj.  Gen.  John  C.  Breckinridge. 

D.  W.  Adams’  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  D.  W.  Adams. 

Kentucky  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Ben  LI.  Helm. 

Stovall's  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  M.  A.  Stovall. 

ARTn.LERY.  Maj.  Rice  E.  Graves. 

The  division  arrived  at  Jackson,  Mississippi,  June  1,  1863,  from 
the  Department  of  the  Tennessee.  Its  headquarters  were  at  Bolton. 

July  4. 


130 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


D.  IF.  Adams'  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  D.  W.  Adams. 

32d  Alabama,  Lieut.  Col.  Henry  Maury. 

13th  and  20th  Louisiana.  Col.  Augustus  Richard. 

16th  and  25th  Louisiana,  Col.  D.  Gober. 

19th  Louisiana,  Col.  Wesley  P.  Winans. 

14th  Louisiana  Battalion  Sharpshooters,  Maj.  John  E.  Austin. 

C.  S. 

Kentucky  Brigade. 

BRECKINRIDGE'S  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON'S  ARMY. 

Brig.  Gen.  Ben  H.  Helm. 

41st  Alabama,  Col.  M.  L.  Stansel. 

2d  Kentucky,  Lieut.  Col.  James  W.  Hewitt. 

4th  Kentucky,  Col.  Joseph  P.  Nuckols;  Lieut.  Col.  John  A.  Adair. 
6th  Kentucky,  Lieut.  Col.  M.  II.  Cofer. 

9th  Kentucky,  Col.  .T.  W.  Caldwell. 

Stovall’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  M.  A.  Stovall. 

1st  and  3d  Florida.  Col.  W.  S.  Dilworth. 

4th  Florida.  Lieut.  Col.  Edward  Badger. 

47th  Georgia.  Col.  George  W.  M.  Williams. 

60th  North  Carolina.  Col.  Washington  M.  Hardy ; Lieut.  Col.  James 
M.  R;iy. 

Artillery. 

Maj.  Rice  E.  Graves. 

Tennessee  Battery,  Capt.  J W.  Mebane. 

Kentucky  Battery.  Capt.  Robert  Cobb. 

Washington  (Louisiana)  Artillery.  (5th  Company),  Capt.  C.  H.  Slo- 
eomb. 


C.  S. 

FRENCH'S  DIVISION:  JOHNSTON'S  ARMY. 

Maj.  Gen.  S.  G.  French. 

McNair’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  E.  McNair. 

Maxey’s  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  S.  B.  Maxey. 

Evan’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  N.  G.  Evans. 

The  division  was  organized  and  General  French  assigned  to  its 
command,  June  21,  1863.  Its  headquarters  were  at  Jackson,  Mis- 
sissipjoi,  J uly  4. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


131 


McNair’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  E.  McNair. 

1st  Arkansas  Mounted  Rifles  (dismounted).  Col.  R.  W.  Harper. 

2d  Arkansas  Mounted  Rifles  (dismounted),  Col.  J.  A.  Williamson. 
4th  Arkansas,  Col.  H.  G.  Bunn. 

25tii  Arkansas,  Col.  Charles  J.  Turnbull. 

31st  Arkansas,  Col.  T.  H.  McCray. 

29th  North  Carolina,  Lieut.  Col.  William  B.  Creasman. 

39th  North  Carolina.  Col.  D.  Coleman. 

The  brigade  was  ordered  from  Shelbyville,  Tennessee,  May  9. 
1863.  It  was  near  Canton,  Mississippi,  May  26,  and  at  Yazoo  City, 
Mississippi,  June  10.  at  both  dates  temporarily  in  Walker’s  Di- 
vision. 

Artillery. 

Louisiana  Battery,  Capt.  C.  E.  Fenner. 

Mc-Beth  (South  Carolina)  Artillery',  Lieut.  B.  A.  Jeter. 

South  Carolina  Battery.  Capt.  J.  F.  Culpeper. 

C.  S. 

Maxey’s  Brigade. 

FRENCH'S  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON'S  ARMY. 

Brig.  Gen.  S.  B.  Maxey. 

4th  Louisiana,  Lieut.  Col.  William  F.  Pennington ; Col.  S.  E.  Hun- 
ter. 

30th  Louisiana,  Lieut.  Col.  Thomas  Shields. 

42n  Tennessee,  Lieut.  Col.  Isaac  N.  Huhue. 

46th  and  55tii  Tennessee,  Col.  Alexander  J.  Brown. 

4Sth  Tennessee,  Col.  IV.  M.  Voorhies. 

49th  Tennessee,  Maj.  David  A.  Lynn. 

53d  Tennessee.  Lieut.  Col.  John  It.  White. 

1st  Texas  Battalion  Sharpshooters,  Ma.j.  .Tames  Burnet. 

The  brigade  was  ordered  from  Port  Hudson,  Louisiana,  to  Vicks- 
burg. May  4,  1863,  by  General  Pemberton.  It  was  at  Brookhaven, 
Mississippi,  May  12;  and  at  Jackson,  Mississippi,  May  30,  tempo- 
rarily attached  to  Boring’s  Division. 

Evan’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  N.  G.  Evans. 

17th  South  Carolina,  Capt.  James  Beaty;  Maj.  John  R.  Culp. 

18th  South  Carolina.  Col.  W.  H.  Wallace. 

22d  South  Carolina,  Capt.  A.  C.  Pease. 

23d  South  Carolina,  Capt.  John  M.  Ivinloch : Col.  H.  L.  Benbow. 
26th  South  Carolina,  Col.  A.  D.  Smith. 

Holcombe  Legion,  Lieut.  Col.  W.  J.  Crawley;  Maj.  Martin  G.  Zieg- 
ler; Lieut.  Col.  W.  J.  Crawley. 


132 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Hie  brigade  was  ordered  from  the  Department  of  South  Caro- 
lina, Georgia  and  Florida.  It  was  at  Jackson.  Mississippi,  May  30, 
1863,  temporarily  attached  to  Loring’s  Division;  and  was  in  Breck- 
inridge’s command,  June  3. 


C.  S. 

LORING'S  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON'S  ARMY. 

Ala j.  Gen.  W.  W.  Loring. 

1st  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Lloyd  Tilglnnan  ; Col.  A.  E.  Reynolds;  Brig. 

Gen.  John  Adams. 

2d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  IV.  S.  Featlierston. 

3d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  A.  Buford. 

The  division  was  engaged  in  the  battles  and  movements  of  the 
Vicksburg  campaign,  beginning  March  29,  1863 ; was  partially  re- 
organized, April  15 ; abandoned  its  artillery  at  the  close  of  the  battle 
of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  and  marched  to  Crystal  Springs; 
marched  to  Jackson,  May  19,  and  from  that  date  became  a part  of 
Johnston’s  army;  and  was  camped  on  Bogue  Chitto  the  evening  of 
July  1.  Casualties:  In  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16, 
killed  16,  wounded  61,  missing  43,  total  120,  four  officers  killed. 


C.  S. 

First  Brigade. 

BORING'S  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON'S  ARMY. 

Brig.  Gen.  Li.oyd  Tilghman  ; 

Col.  A.  E.  Reynolds  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  John  Adams. 

1st  Confederate  Battalion,  Lieut.  Col.  G.  H.  Forney. 

6th  AIississippi.  Col.  Robert  Lowry. 

14tii  AIississippi.  Col.  G.  \Y.  Abert. 

15tii  AIississippi,  Lieut.  Col.  .T.  R.  Binford:  Col.  AI.  Farrell. 

20th  Mississippi,  Col.  D.  R.  Russell;  Lieut.  Col.  William  N.  Brown. 
23d  AIississippi.  Col.  -T.  AI.  AVells. 

26tii  AIississippi,  Col.  A.  E.  Reynolds ; Ala.j.  T.  F.  Parker. 

1st  AIississippi  Light  Artillery,  Company  G.  Capt.  .1.  J.  Cowan. 
14tii  AIississippi  Artillery  Battalion,  Company  C,  Capt.  Jacob  Cul- 
bertson. 

The  brigade  was  at  Fort  Pemberton,  Mississippi,  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  March  29,  1863,  and  was  reorgan- 
ized April  15.  Part  of  the  officers  and  men  of  the  two  artillery 
companies  fell  back  to  Vicksburg  at  the  close  of  the  battle  of  Cham- 
pion ’s  Hill.  May  16,  and  served  in  the  defense.  Casualties:  In  the 


Park  Ixscb  i ptioxs. 


133 

battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  one  regiment  (6th  Mississippi)  en- 
gaged. not  reported;  and  in  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16. 
killed  5.  wounded  10,  missing  42,  total  57,  Brig.  Gen.  Lloyd  Tilgh- 
man  killed. 

c.  s. 

Second  Brigade. 

LORING’S  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON'S  ARMY. 

Brig.  Gen.  W.  S.  Featherston. 

3d  Mississippi,  Col.  T.  A.  Mellon. 

22d  Mississippi,  Lieut.  Col.  H.  J.  Reid ; Col.  Frank  Sc-lialler. 

31st  Mississippi.  Col.  J.  A.  Orr. 

33d  Mississippi,  Col.  D.  W.  Hurst. 

1st  Mississippi  Battalion  Sharpshooters.  Maj.  W.  A.  Rayburn. 

1st  Mississippi  Light  Artillery,  Company  D,  Capt.  Jeff  L.  Wofford. 

Alabama  Battery.  Capt.  S.  Charpentier. 

The  brigade  was  at  Fort  Pemberton.  Mississippi,  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  Vicksburg  campaign.  March  29,  1863.  Casualties:  In 
the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16,  wounded  2,  missing  1,  total 
3.  Captain  Wolford  and  the  men  of  his  company  fell  back  to  Vicks- 
burg and  served  in  the  defense.  The  Alabama  Battery  was  attached 
after  May  16. 

C.  S. 

Third  Brigade. 

BORING'S  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON’S  ARMY. 

Brig.  Gen.  Abraham  Buford. 

27th  Alabama,  Col.  James  Jackson. 

35th  Alabama,  Col.  Edward  Goodwin. 

54th  Alabama,  Col.  Alpheus  Baker. 

55tii  Alabama,  Col.  John  Snodgrass. 

9th  Arkansas,  Col.  Isaac  L.  Dunlop. 

3d  Kentucky,  Col.  A.  P.  Thompson. 

7th  Kentucky,  Col.  Ed.  Crossland. 

8th  Kentucky,  Col.  II.  B.  Lyon ; Lieut.  Col.  A.  It.  Shacklett. 

12th  Louisiana,  Col.  Thomas  M.  Scott. 

3d  Missouri  Cavalry  Battalion  (dismounted),  Lieut.  Col.  D.  Todd 
Samuel. 

Pointe  Coupee  (Louisiana)  Artillery,  Capt.  A.  Bouanehaud. 

The  brigade  was  at  Port  Hudson,  Louisiana,  at  the  beginning  of 
the  Vicksburg  campaign,  March  29,  1863;  was  organized  April  15. 
and  at  about  that  date  was  ordered  to  Tullahoma.  Tennessee,  but 
was  recalled,  April  18.  Some  of  the  men  of  the  Pointe  Coupee 
Artillery,  under  Lieut.  John  Yoist,  and  a detachment  of  the  54th 


134 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Alabama,  under  Lieut.  Joel  P.  Abney,  fell  back  to  Vicksburg  at  the 
close  of  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Ilill,  May  16,  and  served  in  the 
defense.  The  3d  Missouri  Battalion  was  of  Bowen’s  Division  and 
was  also  cut  oft'  from  its  command  at  the  close  of  that  battle;  a de- 
tachment of  the  battalion,  under  Capt.  Felix  Lotspeieh,  fell  back  to 
Vicksburg-  and  served  in  the  defense.  Casualties : In  the  battle  of 
Champion’s  Ilill,  May  16,  killed  11.  wounded  49,  total  60,  three  offi- 
cers killed. 


Shirley  House  after  Restoration. 


C.  S. 

WALKER’S  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON’S  ARMY. 

Maj.  Gen.  W.  II.  I'.  Walker. 

Escort. 

Independent  Company,  Georgia  Cavalry,  Capt.  T.  M.  Nelson. 
Ector’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  M.  D.  Ector. 

Gregg’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  John  Gregg;  Col.  Robert  Farquliarson; 

Brig.  Gen.  John  Gregg. 

Gist’s  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  S.  R.  Gist. 

Walker’s  Wilson’s  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  W.  H.  T.  Walker;  Col.  C-  C. 
Wilson. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


135 


The  headquarters  of  the  division  were  at  Canton,  Mississippi, 
May  26,  1863;  at  Yazoo  City,  Mississippi,  June  10;  and  near  Ver- 
non, Mississippi,  June  15.  The  division  was  camped  on  Bogus 
Falia  the  evening  of  July  1. 

Ector's  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  M.  D.  Ector. 

9th  Texas.  Col.  William  II.  Young. 

10th  Texas  (dismounted  cavalry).  Lieut.  Col.  C.  R.  Earp. 

14th  Texas  (dismounted  cavalry).  Col.  .1.  L.  Camp. 

3'2d  Texas  (dismounted  cavalry).  Col.  Julius  A.  Andrews. 

Alabama  Battalion  Sharpshooters,  Map  T.  O.  Stone. 

Mississippi  Battalion  Sharpshooters,  Capt.  M.  Pound. 

McNally's  (Arkansas)  Battery  (section),  Lieut.  F.  A.  Moore. 

The  brigade  was  ordered  from  Shelbyville,  Tennessee,  May  9, 
1863.  It  was  at  Meridian,  Mississippi,  May  17 ; and  joined  the 
division  about  May  23. 


C.  S. 

Gregg's  Brigade. 

WALKER'S  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON’S  ARMY. 

Brig.  Gen.  John  Gregg  : 

Col.  Robert  Farquhaeson  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  John  Gregg. 

3d  Tennessee  (Volunteers),  Col.  C.  IJ.  Walker. 

10th  and  30th  Tennessee,  Col.  R.  W.  MacGavock;  Lieut.  Col.  James 
J.  Turner. 

41st  Tennessee,  Col.  Robert  Farquliarson. 

50th  Tennessee,  Lieut.  Col  Tbomas  W.  Beaumont. 

1st  Tennessee  Battalion,  Maj.  S.  H.  Colms. 

7th  Texas,  Col.  H.  B.  Granbury. 

Missouri  Battery,  Capt.  H.  M.  Bledsoe. 

The  brigade  was  at  Port  Hudson,  Louisiana,  at  the  beginning  of 
the  Vicksburg  campaign,  March  29.  1863.  It  was  ordered  to  Jack- 
son.  Mississippi,  May  1,  by  General  Pemberton.  Casualties  in  the 
engagement  at  Raymond,  Mississippi,  May  12,  killed  73.  wounded 
251,  missing  190.  total  511;  Col.  R.  W.  MacGavock  and  eight  other 
officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded;  and  in  the  engagement  at  Jack- 
son,  Mississippi,  May  11.  not  reported. 


136 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


C.  s. 

Gist’s  Brigade. 

WALKERS  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON’S  ARMY. 

Brig.  Gen.  S.  R.  Gist. 

46th  Georgia,  Col.  Peyton  H.  Colquitt. 

8th  Georgia  Battalion,  Capt.  Z.  L.  Watters. 

16th  South  Carolina,  Col.  James  McCullough. 

24th  South  Carolina.  Lieut.  Col.  Ellison  Capers;  Col.  G.  II.  Stevens. 

South  Carolina  Battery,  Capt.  T.  B.  Ferguson. 

The  brigade  was  ordered  from  South  Carolina  about  May  5, 
1863,  by  General  Beauregard.  A battalion  of  the  46th  Georgia  and 
the  24th  South  Carolina  were  engaged  at  Jackson,  Mississippi,  May 
14.  Casualties:  Killed  15,  wounded  60,  missing  118,  total  193,  one 
officer  killed.  A battalion  of  the  14th  Mississippi  (First  Brigade, 
Boring’s  Division)  and  the  Brookhaven  (Mississippi)  Artillery 
were  then  temporarily  attached  and  engaged.  Casualties:  Killed 
2,  wounded  4,  total  6. 


Walker’s -Wilson’s  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  W.  H.  T.  Walker  ; 

Col.  C.  C.  Wilson. 

25th  Georgia,  Lieut.  Col.  A.  .T.  Williams. 

29th  Georgia,  Col.  William  J.  Young. 

30th  Georgia,  Col.  Thomas  W.  Maugham. 

1st  Georgia  Battalion  Sharpshooters,  Maj.  Arthur  Slmaff. 

4th  Louisiana  Battalion.  Lieut.  Col.  J.  McEnery. 

Martin’s  (Georgia)  Battery,  Capt.  Robert  Martin;  Lieut.  E.  I’. 
Howell. 

The  brigade  was  ordered  from  South  Carolina  about  May  5, 
1863,  by  General  Beauregard.  It  was  engaged  at  Jackson,  Missis- 
sippi, May  14 ; casualties  not  reported. 


C.  S. 

CAVALRY  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON'S  ARMY. 

Brig.  Gen.  William  H.  Jackson. 

Escort. 

7th  Tennessee  Cavalry,  Company  A.  Capt.  W.  F.  Taylor;  Lieut.  .T. 
W.  Sneed. 

1st  Brigade.  Brig.  Gen.  George  B.  Cosby. 

2d  Brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  J.  W.  Whitlield ; Col.  Lawrence  S.  Ross ; Brig. 
Gen.  J.  W.  Whitfield 


Park  Inscriptions. 


137 


The  division  was  ordered  from  the  Department  of  the  Tennessee, 
about  May  26,  1863.  Its  headquarters  was  near  Canton,  Missis- 
sippi, June  I.  and  at  Vernon.  Mississippi,  from  June  13  to  June  23. 
When  the  army  marched  toward  Vicksburg,  the  division  covered 
the  heads  of  its  columns. 


First  Brigade. 

Brig.  Gen.  George  B.  Cosby. 


Escort. 

Independent  Company  Louisiana  Cavalry.  Lieut.  Nathaniel  M.  Mar- 
tin ; Capt.  Junius  Y.  Webb. 

1st  Mississippi.  Col.  It.  A.  Pinson. 

4th  Mississippi.  Lieut.  Col.  James  Gordon. 

28th  Mississippi,  Col.  1’.  B.  Starke ; Maj.  Joshua  T.  McBee. 

Adams’  (Mississippi)  Regiment,  Col.  Wirt  Adams;  Lieut.  Col.  Robert 
C.  Wood.  .Jr.;  Capt.  Stephen  D.  Cleveland;  Lieut.  Col.  Robert  C. 
Wood,  Jr. ; Col.  Wirt  Adams. 

Ballentine's  (Mississippi)  Regiment,  Lieut.  Col.  W.  L.  Maxwell; 
Maj.  William  1-1.  Ford. 

17th  Mississippi  Battalion,  Maj.  A.  C.  Steede. 

Clark  (Missouri)  Artillery,  Capt.  Houston  King. 

Adams’  and  the  28th  Mississippi  regiments  were  engaged  in 
action  at  Hill’s  plantation  near  Birdsong  Ferry,  Mississippi,  June 
22.  Casualtes : Killed  5,  wounded  16,  missing  1,  total  22. 

c.  s. 

Second  Brigade. 

CAVALRY  DIVISION;  JOHNSTON’S  ARMY. 

Brig.  Gen.  J.  W.  Whitfield  ; 

Col.  Lawrence  S.  Ross  ; 

Brig.  Gen.  .T.  W.  Whitfield. 

3d  Texas.  Lieut.  Col.  J.  S.  Boggess. 

6th  Texas,  Col.  Lawrence  S.  Ross. 

9th  Texas,  Col.  D.  W.  Jones. 

1st  Texas  Legion,  Lieut.  Col.  J.  H.  Brooc-ks. 

Bridges’  Battalion,  Maj.  H.  W.  Bridges. 

Reserve  Artillery 
Maj.  W.  C.  Preston. 

Columbus  (Georgia)  Artillery.  Capt.  Edward  Craft. 

Durrive's  (Louisiana)  Battery.  Capt.  Edward  Durrive,  Jr. 
Culpeper’s  (South  Carolina)  Battery,  Capt.  James  F.  Culpeper. 

(Also  for  a time  reported  with  French’s  Division.) 

Wattes’  (South  Carolina)  Battery,  Capt.  John  Waties. 


138 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


UNION  SUMMARY  COMMANDS. 

ILLINOIS— Infantry  (8th.  11th.  13th,  14th.  15th,  17th.  18th.  20tli. 
26th,  28th,  29th,  30th,  31st,  32cl.  330.  37th.  40th,  41st,  43d,  45th,  46th,  47th. 
4Sth,  53d.  54th,  55th.  56th.  61st.  63d.  72d.  76th.  77th.  81st.  87th,  90th,  93d, 
94th,  95th,  97th,  99th,  101st.  103d,  106th,  108th.  113th.  114th,  116th,  118th. 
120th,  124th.  126th,  127th,  130th,  131st)  55;  Cavalry  (Thielemann’s  Bat- 
talion, Kane  County,  Independent  Company,  2d.  3d.  4th,  5th.  7th,  10th. 
11th,  15th)  10;  Artillery  (Cogswell’s  Battery,  Chicago  Mercantile  Battery, 
Batteries  A,  B.  D,  E.  F.  II  and  I.  1st  Light  and  Batteries  A.  E.  F.  G. 
K and  L,  2d  Light)  15;  total  79. 

INDIANA— Infantry  (8th.  11th.  12th.  16th.  18th.  23d,  24th,  26tli.  34th. 
46th,  47th.  48th,  49tli,  53d,  54th.  59th,  60th,  67th.  69th,  83d,  93d.  97tli.  99th. 
100th)  24;  Cavalry  (1st,  4th)  2;  Artillery  (1st,  6th)  2;  total  28. 

IOWA— Infantry  (3d.  4th,  oth.  6th,  8th.  9th.  10th.  11th,  12th.  13th. 
15th,  16th,  17th.  19th,  20th,  21st.  22d.  23d.  24th.  25th,  26th,  28th,  30th,  31st. 
34th,  35tli,  38th.  40th)  2S ; Cavalry  (3d,  4th)  2;  Artillery  (1st,  2d)  2; 
total  32. 

KANSAS— Infantry  (1st)  1. 

KENTUCKY — Infantry  (Independent  Company  of  Pioneers,  7th,  19th, 
22d ) 4. 

MASSACHUSETTS  — Infantry  (29th.  35tli,  36tli)  3. 

MICHIGAN — Infantry  (2d.  8th.  12tli,  15tli,  17tli.  20th,  27th)  7;  Ar- 
tillery (7th,  Stli)  2;  total  9. 

MINNESOTA — Infantry  (3d.  4th.  5th)  3;  Artillery  (1st);  total  4. 
MISSOURI — Infantry  (3d.  6tli.  7th.  8th.  10th,  11th,  12th,  17tli,  24th, 
•pOli.  27th.  CD! ii.  30th.  31st.  32d,  35th,  Engineer  Regiment  of  the  West) 
17;  Cavalry  (4th.  Oth.  10th)  3;  Artillery  (Batteries  A.  B,  C,  E,  F,  and 
M.  1st  Light,  and  Battery  F (Landgraeber’s) , 2d  Light)  7;  total  27. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE— Infantry  (6th,  Oth,  11th)  3. 

NEW  YORK — Infantry  (46th,  51st,  79th)  3:  Artillery  (Battery  L. 
2d  Light)  1 ; total  4. 

OHIO— Infantry  ( loth.  20th.  2.51.  30th,  32d,  37th,  42d.  46th,  47th,  48th, 
r:'d.  54th.  56th,  57th.  58ih,  68th.  70th,  72d.  76th.  78th,  80th,  83d.  95th,  96th. 
H4th,  120th)  26;  Cavalry  (4th)  1:  Artillery  (2d,  3d.  4th.  5th,  7th,  8th, 
10th.  11th.  15th.  16th.  17th.  Yost’s)  12;  total  39. 

PENNSYLVANIA — Iniantry  (45th,  50th.  51st,  100th)  4;  Artillery 
(Dnrell’s  Battery)  1;  total  5. 

RHODE  ISLAND — Infantry  (7th)  1. 

UNITED  STATES  ARMY— Infantry  (1st,  13tli)  2;  Artillery  (E.  Sec- 
ond) 1 ; total  3. 

WEST  VIRGINIA— Infantry  (4th)  1. 

WISCONSIN — Infantry  (8th.  11th,  12th,  14th,  16tli,  17th,  18th,  20th. 
23d.  25th.  27th.  29th.  33d)  13;  Cavalry  (2d)  1;  Artillery  (1st.  6th,  12th) 
3;  total  17. 

AGGREGATE:  Infantry,  194;  Cavalry,  19;  Artillery,  47;  total  260 — 
not  including  eight  regiments  of  negroes  in  process  of  enlistment. 


Park  Inscriptions. 


139 


CONFEDERATE  COMMANDS. 

ALABAMA— Infantry  (20tli,  23d,  27th,  30th.  31st,  32d,  35tli,  37th.  40th, 
41st.  42d.  40th.  54th.  55th.  Stone's  Battalion  of  Sharpshooters)  15 ; Ar- 
tillery (Company  C.  2d  Battalion;  Waddell’s  Battery;  Sengstak’s  Battery; 
Charpentier's  Battery)  4;  total  19. 

ARKANSAS — Infantry  (4th.  9th,  15th,  19th,  20th.  21st,  25th,  31st,  12th 
Battalion — Sharpshooters)  9;  Cavalry  (1st  Rifles — Dismounted.  2d  Rifles 
— Dismounted,  1st  Battalion  — Dismounted,  Bridge's  Battalion — Sharp- 
shooters) 4:  Artillery  (Appeal  Battery,  McNally’s  Battery)  2;  total  15. 

FLORIDA — Infantry  (1st,  3d,  4th)  3. 

GEORGIA— Infantry  (25th,  29th.  30th,  34th,  36th.  39th.  40th.  41st. 
42d.  43d.  46th.  47tli.  52d.  56th,  57th.  1st  Battalion  of  Sharpshooters,  Stli 
Battalion)  17 ; Cavalry  (Nelson's  Independent  Company)  1 ; Artillery 
(Cherokee  Battery,  Martin's  Battery,  Columbus  Battery)  3;  total  21. 

KENTUCKY — Infantry  (2d.  3d,  4th.  6tli,  7th,  Sth,  9th)  7;  Artillery 
(Cobb's  Battery)  1;  total  S. 

LOUISIANA— Infantry  (3d,  4th.  12th,  13th.  16th,  17th,  19th,  20th,  21st, 
25th.  26th,  27th.  2Sth  (sometimes  known  as  29th),  30th,  31st,  4th  Battal- 
ion, 14th  Battalion  of  Sharpshooters,  Fleitas'  Zouave  Battalion)  IS:  Cav- 
alry (Martin’s  Independent]  Company)  1;  Artillery  (Bond's  Bruce's  But- 
ler's, Capers’,  Grayson's,  Hayne’s,  Lamon's.  and  Robertson's  companies  of 
the  1st  Heavy ; Barrow’s,  Grandpre's,  Hart’s  and  McCrory's  companies  of 
the  Sth  Heavy  Battalion;  Companies  A.  P.  and  C of  Pointe  Coupee;  5th 
Company,  Washington-Fenner’s  Battery ; Durrive’s  Battery ; Gomez's. 
Marks’,  Morlot’s  and  Theard’s  companies  of  the  22d  Regiment — Gomez’s 
and  Theard’s  companies  served  as  infantry  during  the  defense)  22;  total 
41. 

MISSOURI — Infantry  (1st.  2d,  3d,  4th,  Sth.  6th)  6;  Cavalry  (1st — 
Dismounted,  3d — Dismounted)  2 ; Artillery  (3d  Battery.  Guibor’s  Battery. 
Landis’  Battery,  Wade's  Battery,  Lowe’s  Battery,  Bledsoe's  Battery.  Clark's 
Battery)  7 ; total  15. 

MARYLAND— Artillery  (3d  Battery)  1. 

MISSISSIPPI — Infantry  (3d,  4tli.  5th — State  Troops,  6th.  14th,  15th, 
20th.  22d,  23d,  26th,  31st,  33d,  35th.  36th,  37th.  38th,  40th,  43d.  46th.  1st 
Battalion — Sharpshooters,  3d  Battalion — State  Troops,  7th  Battalion. 
Pound's  Battalion — Sharpshooters)  23;  Cavalry  (1st.  4th.  28th,  Adams' 
Regiment.  Ballentine's  Regiment,  17th  Battalion)  6;  Artillery  (Companies 
A.  C.  D.  E.  G and  I of  the  1st  Light ; Companies  A,  B and  C of  the  14th 
Light  Battalion;  Hudson's  Battery.  Yaiclen  Battery)  11;  total  40. 

NORTH  CAROLINA— Infantry  (29th,  39th.  60th)  3. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA— Infantry  (16th.  17tli.  18th.  22d.  23d.  24th.  26th, 
Holcombe  Legion)  8;  Artillery  (Culpeper's  Battery,  Ferguson's  Battery. 
Watie’s  Battery.  Mc-Beth's  Battery)  4;  total  12. 

TENNESSEE — Infantry  (3d — Volunteers,  3d — Provisional  Army,  10th, 
30th,  31st.  41st.  42cl.  43d.  46tli.  48th.  49th.  50th.  53d.  55th.  59th,  60th.  61st. 
62d,  1st  Battalion)  19;  Cavalry  (Company  C,  1st  Company  A,  7th)  2;  Ar- 
tillery (Companies  A.  B.  C and  D.  1st  Heavy.  Johnston’s  Battery.  Lynch’s 
Battery,  Tobin's  Battery.  Mebane’s  Battery)  8;  total  29. 


140 


Indiana  at  Vicksburo. 


TEXAS — Infantry  (2d,  7th.  f,'th,  1st  Battalion — Sharpshooters.  1st  Bat- 
talion. 2d  Battalion)  6:  Cavalry  (3d,  Gtli,  9th.  10th — Dismounted,  14th — 
Dismounted,  32d — Dismounted,  Whitfield’s  Legion.  Cleveland’s  Battalion) 
S;  Artillery  (Wall's  Battery)  1 ; total  15. 

VIRGINIA— Artillery  (Botetourt  Battery)  1. 

CONFEDERATE  STATES  ARM Y— Infantry  (1st  Battalion)  1. 

MISCELLANEOUS — Davidson’s  Signal  Corps,  King’s  Signal  Corps, 
Barrot’s  Signal  Corps,  City  Guards.  Partisan  Rangers — total  5. 

AGGREGATE:  Infantry  134.  Cavalry  25.  Artillery  63,  miscellaneous 
5.  total  227. 


Major  General  Ulysses  S.  Grant. 
Army  of  the  Tennessee. 


(142) 


Report  of  Major  General  U.  S.  Grant. 


MADE  TO  THE  WAR  DEPARTMENT  FOLLOWING  THE  SURRENDER 
OF  VICKSBURG,  JULY  4,  1863. 


Headquarters  Department  of  the  Tennessee, 
Vicksburg,  Miss.,  July  6.  1863. 

Colonel  : I have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  report  of 
the  operations  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  and  co-operating 
forces,  from  the  date  of  my  assuming  the  immediate  command  of 
the  expedition  against  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  to  the  reduction  of  that 
place : 

From  the  moment  of  taking  command  in  person,  I became  satis- 
fied that  Vicksburg  could  only  be  turned  from  the  south  side,  and,  in 
accordance  with  this  conviction,  I prosecuted  the  work  on  the  canal, 
which  had  been  located  by  Brig.  Gen.  (Thomas)  Williams  across 
the  peninsula  on  the  Louisiana  side  of  the  river,  with  all  vigor, 
hoping  to  make  a channel  which  would  pass  transports  for  moving 
the  army  and  carrying  supplies  to  the  new  base  of  operations  thus 
provided.  The  task  was  much  more  herculean  than  it  at  first  ap- 
peared, and  was  made  much  more  so  by  the  almost  continuous  rains 
that  fell  during  the  whole  of  the  time  this  work  was  prosecuted. 
The  river,  too,  continued  to  rise  and  made  a large  expenditure  of 
labor  necessary  to  keep  the  water  out  of  our  camps  and  the  canal. 

Finally,  on  March  8,  the  rapid  rise  of  the  river,  and  the  conse- 
cpient  great  pressure  upon  the  dam  across  the  canal,  near  the  upper 
end,  at  the  main  Mississippi  levee,  caused  it  to  give  way  and  let 
through  the  lowlands  back  of  our  camps  a torrent  of  water  that 
separated  the  north  and  south  shores  of  the  peninsula  as  effectually 
as  if  the  Mississippi  flowed  between  them.  This  occurred  when  the 
enterprise  promised  success  within  a short  time.  There  was  some 
delay  in  trying  to  repair  damages.  It  was  found,  however,  that 
with  the  then  stage  of  water  some  other  plan  would  have  to  be 
adopted  for  getting  below  Vicksburg  with  transports. 

Capt.  F.  E.  Prime,  chief  engineer,  and  Col.  G.  G.  Pride,  who 
was  acting  on  my  staff,  prospected  a route  through  the  bayous  which 
run  from  near  Milliken’s  Bend,  on  the  north,  and  New  Carthage,  on 
the  south,  through  Roundaway  Bayou,  into  the  Tensas  River.  Their 


144 


Indiana  at  Vtcksbttrg. 


report  of  the  practicability  of  this  route  determined  me  to  commence 
work  upon  it.  Having  three  dredge-boats  at  the  time,  the  work  of 
opening  this  route  was  executed  with  great  rapidity.  One  small 
steamer  and  a number  of  barges  were  taken  through  the  channel 
thus  opened,  but  the  river  commencing  about  the  middle  of  April 
to  fall  rapidly,  and  the  roads  becoming  passable  between  Milliken’s 
Bend  and  New  Carthage,  made  it  impracticable  and  unneccessary 
to  open  water  communication  between  these  points. 

Soon  after  commencing  the  first  canal  spoken  of,  I caused  a 
channel  to  he  cut  from  the  Mississippi  River  into  Lake  Providence ; 
also  one  from  the  Mississippi  River  into  Coldwater,  by  way  of 
Yazoo  Pass. 

I had  no  great  expectations  of  important  results  from  the  former 
of  these,  but  having  more  troops  than  could  be  employed  to  advan- 
tage at  Young’s  Point,  and  knowing  that  Lake  Providence  was 
connected  by  Bayou  Baxter  with  Bayou  Macon,  a navigable  stream, 
through  which  transports  might  pass  into  the  Mississippi  below, 
through  Tensas,  Washita  and  Red  rivers.  I thought  it  possible  that 
a route  might  be  opened  in  that  direction  which  would  enable  me 
to  co-operate  with  General  Banks  on  Port  Hudson. 

By  the  Yazoo  Pass  route  I only  expected  at  first  to  get  into  the 
Yazoo  by  way  of  Coldwater  and  Tallahatchee  with  some  lighter 
gunboats  and  a few  troops,  and  destroy  the  enemy’s  transports  in 
that  stream  and  some  gunboats  which  I knew  he  was  building.  The 
navigation,  however,  proved  so  much  better  than  had  been  expected 
that  I thought  for  a time  of  the  possibility  of  making  this  the  route 
for  obtaining  a foothold  on  high  land  above  Haynes’  Bluff,  Mis- 
sissippi, and  small-class  steamers  were  accordingly  ordered  for 
transporting  an  army  that  way. 

Maj.  Gen.  J.  B.  McPherson,  commanding  17th  Army  Corps,  was 
directed  to  hold  his  corps  in  readiness  to  move  by  this  route,  and  one 
division  each  from  the  13tli  and  15th  Corps  were  collected  near  the 
entrance  of  the  pass,  to  be  added  to  his  command.  It  soon  became 
evident  that  a sufficient  number  of  boats  of  the  right  class  could  not 
be  obtained  for  the  movement  of  more  than  one  division. 

While  my  forces  were  opening  one  end  of  the  pass,  the  enemy 
was  diligently  closing  the  other  end,  and  in  this  way  succeeding  in 
gaining  time  to  strongly  fortify  Greenwood,  below  the  junction  of 
the  Tallahatchee  and  Yalabusha,  The  advance  of  the  expedition, 
consisting  of  one  division  of  McClernand’s  Corps,  from  Helena, 
commanded  by  Brig.  Gen.  L.  F.  Ross,  and  the  Twelfth  and  Seven- 
teenth Regiments  Missouri  Infantry,  from  Sherman’s  Corps,  as 


Report  op  General  Grant. 


145 


sharpshooters  on  the  gunboats,  succeeded  in  reaching  Coldwater 
March  2,  after  much  difficulty  and  the  partial  disabling  of  most  of 
the  boats.  From  the  entrance  into  Coldwater  to  Fort  Pemberton, 
at  Greenwood,  Mississippi,  no  great  difficulty  of  navigation  was 
experienced,  nor  any  interruption  of  magnitude  from  the  enemy. 
Fort  Pemberton  extends  from  the  Tallahatchee  to  the  Yazoo  at 
Greenwood.  Here  the  two  rivers  come  within  a few  hundred  yards 
of  each  other.  The  land  around  the  fort  is  low,  and  at  the  time  of 
the  attack  was  entirely  overflowed.  Owing  to  this  fact,  no  move- 
ment could  be  made  by  the  army  to  reduce  it,  but  all  depended  upon 
the  ability  of  the  gunboats  to  silence  the  guns  of  the  enemy  and 
enable  the  transports  to  run  down  and  land  troops  immediately  on 
the  fort  itself. 

After  an  engagement  of  several  hours,  the  gunboats  drew  off, 
being  unable  to  silence  the  batteries.  Brig.  Gen.  I.  F.  Quinby, 
commanding  a division  of  McPherson’s  Corps,  met  the  expedition 
under  Ross  with  his  division  on  its  return  near  Fort  Pemberton,  on 
March  21.  and.  being  the  senior,  assumed  command  of  the  entire 
expedition,  and  returned  to  the  position  Ross  had  occupied. 

On  March.  23.  I sent  orders  for  the  withdrawal  of  all  the  forces 
operating  in  that  direction,  for  the  purpose  of  concentrating  my 
army  at  Milliken’s  Bend. 

On  5 larch  14.  Admiral  D.  D.  Porter,  commanding  the  Missis- 
sippi Squadron,  informed  me  that  he  had  made  a reconnaissance  up 
Steele’s  Bayou,  and  partially  through  Black  Bayou  toward  Deer 
Creek,  and,  so  far  as  explored,  these  water  courses  were  reported 
navigable  for  the  smaller  iron-clads. 

Information,  given  mostly.  I believe,  by  the  negroes  of  the  coun- 
try, was  to  the  effect  that  Deer  Creek  could  be  navigated  to  Rolling 
Fork,  and  that  from  there  through  the  Sunflower  to  the  Yazoo 
River  there  was  no  cprestion  about  the  navigation. 

On  the  following  morning  I accompanied  Admiral  Porter  in 
the  ram  Price,  several  iron-clads  preceding  us,  up  through  Steele’s 
Bayou  to  near  Black  Bayou. 

At  this  time  our  forces  were  at  a deadlock  at  Greenwood,  and  I 
looked  upon  the  success  of  this  enterprise  as  of  vast  impoi’tance. 
It  would,  if  successful,  leave  Greenwod  between  two  forces  of  ours, 
and  would  necessarily  cause  the  immediate  abandonment  of  that 
stronghold.  About  thirty  steamers  of  the  enemy  would  have  been 
destroyed  or  fallen  into  our  hands. 

Seeing  that  the  great  obstacles  of  navigation,  so  far  as  I had 
gone,  was  from  overhanging  trees,  I left  Admiral  Porter  near  Black 


146 


Indiana  at  Vicksbukg. 


Bayou,  and  pushed  back  to  Young’s  Point,  for  the  purpose  of  send- 
ing forward  a pioneer  corps  to  remove  these  difficulties.  Soon 
after  my  return  to  Young’s  Point,  Admiral  Porter  sent  back  to  me 
for  a co-operating  military  force.  Sherman  was  promptly  sent  with 
one  division  of  his  corps.  The  number  of  steamers  suitable  for  the 
navigation  of  these  bayous  being  limited,  most  of  the  force  was  sent 
up  the  Mississippi  River  to  Eagle  Bend,  a point  where  the  river 
runs  within  one  mile  of  Steele’s  Bayou,  thus  saving  an  important 
part  of  this  difficult  navigation. 

The  expedition  failed,  probably  more  from  want  of  knowledge 
as  to  what  would  be  required  to  open  this  route  than  from  any  im- 
practicability in  the  navigation  of  the  streams  and  bayous  through 
which  it  was  proposed  to  pass.  Want  of  this  knowledge  led  the 
expedition  cn  until  difficulties  were  encountered,  and  then  it  would 
become  necessary  to  send  back  to  Young’s  Point  for  the  means  of  re- 
moving them.  This  gave  the  enemy  time  to  move  forces  to  effect- 
ually checkmate  further  progress,  and  the  expedition  was  with- 
drawn when  within  a few  hundred  yards  of  free  and  open  naviga- 
tion to  the  Yazoo. 

All  this  may  have  been  providential  in  driving  us  ultimately  to 
a line  of  operations  which  has  proven  eminently  successful. 

For  further  particulars  on  the  Steele’s  Bayou  expedition,  see 
report  of  Maj.  Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman,  forwarded  on  April  12. 

As  soon  as  I decided  to  open  water  communication  from  a point 
on  the  Mississippi,  near  Milliken’s  Bend,  to  New  Carthage,  I de- 
termined to  occupy  the  latter  place,  it  being  the  first  point  below 
Vicksburg  that  could  be  reached  by  land  at  the  stage  of  water  then 
existing,  and  the  occupancy  of  which,  while  it  secured  to  us  a point 
cn  the  Mississippi  River,  would  also  protect  the  main  line  of  com- 
munication by  water.  Accordingly,  the  13th  Army  Corps,  Maj. 
Gen.  J.  A.  MeClernancl,  commanding,  was  directed  to  take  up  its 
line  of  march  on  March  29  for  New  Carthage,  the  15th  and  17th 
Army  Corps  to  follow,  moving  no  faster  than  supplies  and  ammu- 
nition could  be  transported  to  them. 

The  roads,  though  level,  were  intolerably  bad,  and  the  move- 
ment was  therefore  necessarily  slow.  Arriving  at  Smith’s  planta- 
tion, two  miles  from  New  Carthage,  it  was  found  that  the  levee  of 
Bavou  Vidal  was  broken  in  several  places,  thus  leaving  New  Car- 
thage an  island. 

All  the  boats  that  could  be  were  collected  from  the  different 
bayous  in  the  vicinity  and  others  were  built,  but  the  transportation 
of  an  army  in  this  way  was  found  exceedingly  tedious.  Another 


Report  of  General  Grant. 


147 


route  had  to  be  found.  This  was  done  by  making  a further  march 
around  Vidal  to  Perkins’  plantation,  a distance  of  twelve  miles 
more,  making  the  whole  distance  to  be  marched  from  Milliken’s 
Bend  to  reach  water  communication  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
point  thirty-five  miles.  Over  this  distance,  with  bad  roads  to  con- 
tend against,  supplies  of  ordnance  stores  and  provisions  had  to  lie 
hauled  by  wagons  with  which  to  commence  the  campaign  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  river.  At  the  same  time  that  I ordered  the 
occupation  of  New  Carthage,  preparations  were  made  for  running 
transports  by  the  Vicksburg  batteries  with  Admiral  Porter’s  gun- 
boat fleet. 

On  the  night  of  April  16,  Admiral  Porter’s  fleet  and  the  trans- 
ports Silver  Wave,  Forest  Queen  and  Henry  Clay  ran  the  Vicksburg 
batteries.  The  boilers  of  the  transports  were  protected  as  well  as 
possible  with  hay  and  cotton.  More  or  less  commissary  stores  were 
put  on  each.  All  three  of  these  boats  were  struck  more  or  less 
frequently  while  passing  the  enemy ’s  batteries,  and  the  Henry  Clay, 
by  the  explosion  of  a shell  or  by  some  other  means,  was  set  on  fire 
and  entirely  consumed.  The  other  two  boats  were  somewhat  in- 
jured, but  not  seriously  disabled.  No  one  on  board  cf  either  was 
hurt. 

As  these  boats  succeeded  in  getting  by  so  well,  I ordered  six 
more  to  be  prepared  in  like  manner  for  running  the  batteries. 
These  latter,  viz..  Tigress.  Anglo-Saxon,  Cheeseman,  Empire  City, 
Horizon  and  Moderator,  left  Milliken’s  Bend  on  the  night  of  April 
22,  and  five  of  them  got  by,  but  in  a somewhat  damaged  condition. 
The  Tigress  received  a shot  in  her  hull  below  the  water  line,  and 
sunk  on  the  Louisiana  shore  soon  after  passing  the  last  of  the  bat- 
teries. The  crews  of  these  steamers,  with  the  exception  of  that  of 
the  Forest  Queen,  Capt.  C.  D.  Conway,  and  the  Silver  Wave,  Cap- 
tain McMillan,  were  composed  of  volunteers  from  the  army.  Upon 
the  call  for  volunteers  for  this  dangerous  enterprise,  officers  and 
men  presented  themselves  by  the  hundreds,  anxious  to  undertake 
the  trip.  The  names  of  those  whose  services  were  accepted  will  be 
given  in  a separate  report. 

It  is  a striking  feature,  so  far  as  my  observation  goes,  of  the 
present  volunteer  army  of  the  United  States,  that  there  is  nothing 
which  men  are  called  upon  to  do,  mechanical  or  professional,  that 
accomplished  adepts  cannot  be  found  for  the  duty  required  in 
almost  every  regiment. 

The  transports  injured  in  running  the  blockade  were  repaired  by 
order  of  Admiral  Porter,  who  was  supplied  with  the  material  for 


148 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


such  repairs  as  they  recpiired,  and  who  was  and  is  ever  ready  to 
afford  all  the  assistance  in  his  power  for  the  furtherance  of  the 
success  of  our  arms.  In  a very  short  time  five  of  the  transports 
were  in  running  order,  and  the  remainder  were  in  a condition  to 
lie  used  as  barges  in  the  moving  of  troops.  Twelve  barges  loaded 
with  forage  and  rations  were  sent  in  tow  of  the  last  six  boats  that 
run  the  blockade.  One-half  of  them  got  through  in  a condition  to 
be  used. 

Owing  to  the  limited  number  of  transports  below  Vicksburg,  it 
was  found  necessary  to  extend  our  line  of  land  travel  to  Hard 
Times,  Louisiana,  which,  by  the  circuitous  route  it  was  necessary 
to  take,  increased  the  distance  to  about  seventy  miles  from  Milli- 
ken’s  Bend,  our  starting  point. 

The  13th  Army  Corps  being  all  through  to  the  Mississippi,  and 
the  17th  Army  Corps  well  on  the  way,  so  much  of  the  13tli  as  could 
be  got  on  board  of  the  transports  and  barges  were  put  aboard,  and 
moved  to  the  front  of  Grand  Gulf  on  April  29.  The  plan  here  was 
that  the  navy  should  silence  the  guns  of  the  enemy,  and  the  troops 
landed  under  the  cover  of  the  gunboats,  and  carry  the  place  by 
storm. 

At  8 a.  m.  the  navy  made  the  attack,  and  kept  it  up  for  more 
than  five  hours  in  the  most  gallant  manner.  From  a tug  out  in  the 
stream  I witnessed  the  whole  engagement.  Many  times  it  seemed 
to  me  the  gunboats  were  within  pistol-shot  of  the  enemy’s  batteries. 
It  soon  became  evident  that  the  guns  of  the  enemy  were  too  ele- 
vated and  their  fortifications  too  strong  to  be  taken  from  the  water 
side.  The  Avliole  range  of  hills  on  that  side  were  known  to  be  lined 
with  rifle-pits ; besides,  the  field  artillery  could  be  moved  to  any 
position  where  it  could  be  made  useful  in  case  of  an  attempt  at 
landing.  This  determined  me  again  to  run  the  enemy’s  batteries, 
turn  his  position  by  effecting  a landing  at  Rodney,  or  at  Bruins- 
burg,  between  Grand  Gulf  and  Rodney.  Accordingly,  orders  were 
immediately  given  for  the  troops  to  debark  at  Hard  Times,  Louis- 
iana, and  march  across  to  the  point  immediately  below  Grand  Gulf. 

At  dark  the  gunboats  again  engaged  the  batteries,  and  all  the 
transports  run  by,  receiving  but  two  or  three  shots  in  the  passage, 
and  these  without  injury.  I had  some  time  previously  ordered  a 
reconnaissance  to  a point  opposite  Bruinsburg,  to  ascertain,  if  pos- 
sible, from  persons  in  the  neighborhood  the  character  of  the  road 
leading  to  the  highlands  back  of  Bruinsburg.  During  the  night  I 
learned  from  a negro  man  that  there  was  a good  road  from  Bruins- 
burg to  Port  Gibson,  which  determined  me  to  land  there. 


Report  of  General  Grant. 


149 


The  work  of  ferrying  the  troops  to  Bruinsburg  was  commenced 
at  daylight  in  the  morning,  the  gunboats  as  well  as  transports  being 
used  for  the  purpose. 

As  soon  as  the  13tli  Army  Corps  was  landed,  and  could  draw 
three  days’  rations  to  put  in  haversacks  (no  wagons  were  allowed  to 
cross  until  the  troops  were  all  over),  they  were  started  on  the  road 
to  Port  Gibson.  I deemed  it  a matter  of  vast  importance  that  the 
highlands  should  be  reached  without  resistance.  The  17th  Corps 
followed  as  rapidly  as  it  could  be  put  across  the  river. 

About  2 o’clock,  May  1,  the  advance  of  the  enemy  was  met  eight 
miles  from  Bruinsburg,  on  the  road  to  Port  Gibson.  He  was  forced 
to  fall  back.  but.  as  it  was  dark,  he  was  not  pursued  far  until  day- 
light. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  1st,  I went  out,  accompanied  by 
members  of  my  staff,  and  found  McClemand  with  his  corps  en- 
gaging the  enemy  about  four  miles  from  Port  Gibson.  At  this 
point  the  roads  branched  in  exactly  opposite  directions,  both,  how- 
ever, leading  to  Port  Gibson.  The  enemy  had  taken  position  on 
both  branches,  thus  dividing,  as  he  fell  back,  the  pursuing  forces. 
The  nature  of  the  ground  in  that  part  of  the  country  is  such  that 
a very  small  force  could  retard  the  progress  of  a much  larger  one 
for  many  hours.  The  roads  usually  run  on  narrow,  elevated  ridges, 
with  deep  and  impenetrable  ravines  on  either  side.  On  the  right 
were  the  divisions  of  ITovey,  Carr  and  (A.  J.)  Smith,  and  on  the 
left  the  division  of  Osterhaus,  of  McClernand’s  Corps.  The  three 
former  succeeded  in  driving  the  enemy  from  position  to  position 
back  toward  Port  Gibson  steadily  all  day. 

Osterhaus  did  not.  however,  move  the  enemy  from  the  position 
occupied  by  him  on  our  left  until  Logan’s  Division,  of  McPherson’s 
Corps,  arrived.  Mc-Clernand,  who  was  with  the  right  in  person, 
sent  repeated  messages  to  me  before  the  arrival  of  Logan  to  send 
Logan’s  and  Quinby’s  Divisions,  of  McPherson’s  Corps,  to  him. 

I had  been  on  that  as  well  as  all  other  parts  of  the  field,  and 
could  not  see  how  they  could  be  used  there  to  advantage.  How- 
ever, as  soon  as  the  advance  of  McPherson’s  Corps  (Logan’s  Di- 
vision) arrived,  1 sent  one  brigade  to  McClernand  on  the  right,  and 
sent  one  briagde,  Brig.  Gen.  J.  E.  Smith  commanding,  to  the  left, 
to  the  assistance  of  Osterhaus. 

By  the  judicious  disposition  made  of  this  brigade,  under  the  im- 
mediate supervision  of  McPherson  and  Logan,  a position  was  soon 
obtained,  giving  us  an  advantage  which  soon  drove  the  enemy  from 


150 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


that  part  of  the  field,  to  make  no  further  stand  south  of  Bayou 
Pierre. 

The  enemy  was  here  repulsed  with  a heavy  loss  in  killed, 
wounded  and  prisoners.  The  repulse  of  the  enemy  on  our  left  took 
place  late  in  the  afternoon.  He  was  pursued  toward  Port  Gibson, 
but  night  closing  in,  and  the  enemy  making  the  appearance  of  an- 
other stand,  the  troops  slept  upon  their  arms  until  daylight. 

In  the  morning  it  was  found  that  the  enemy  had  retreated  across 
Bayou  Pierre,  on  the  Grand  Gulf  road,  and  a brigade  of  Logan’s 
Division  was  sent  to  divert  his  attention,  while  a floating  bridge 
was  being  built  across  Bayou  Pierre  immediately  at  Port  Gibson. 
This  bridge  was  completed,  eight  miles  marched  by  McPherson’s 
Corps  to  the  North  Fork  of  Bayou  Pierre,  that  stream  bridged,  and 
the  advance  of  this  corps  commenced  passing  over  it  at  5 o’clock 
the  following  morning. 

On  the  3d,  the  enemy  was  pursued  to  Hankinson’s  Ferry,  with 
slight  skirmishing  all  day,  during  which  we  took  quite  a number  of 
prisoners,  mostly  stragglers,  from  the  enemy. 

Finding  that  Grand  Gulf  had  been  evacuated,  and  that  the  ad- 
vance of  my  forces  was  already  fifteen  miles  out  from  there,  and  on 
the  road,  too,  they  would  have  to  take  to  reach  either  Vicksburg, 
Jackson,  or  any  intermediate  point  on  the  railroad  between  the  two 
places,  I determined  not  to  march  them  back ; but  taking  a small 
escort  of  cavalry,  some  fifteen  or  twenty  men,  I went  to  the  Gulf 
myself,  and  made  the  necessary  arrangements  for  changing  my  base 
of  supplies  from  Bruinsburg  to  Grand  Gulf. 

In  moving  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  the  15th  Army  Corps,  May 
Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman  commanding,  was  left  to  be  the  last  to  start. 
To  prevent  heavy  reinforcements  going  from  Vicksburg  to  the 
assistance  of  the  Grand  Gulf  forces,  I directed  Sherman  to  make  a 
demonstration  on  Haynes’  Bluff,  and  to  make  all  the  show  possible. 
From  information  since  received  from  prisoners  captured,  this  ruse 
succeeded  admirably. 

It  had  been  my  intention,  up  to  the  time  of  crossing  the  Missis- 
sippi River,  to  collect  all  my  forces  at  Grand  Gulf,  and  get  on  hand 
a good  supply  of  provisions  and  ordnance  stores  before  moving,  and 
in  the  meantime  to  detach  an  army  corps  to  co-operate  with  General 
Banks  on  Port  Hudson,  and  effect  a junction  of  our  forces. 

About  this  time  I received  a letter  from  General  Banks,  giving 
his  position  west  of  the  Mississippi  River,  and  stating  that  he  could 
return  to  Baton  Rouge  by  May  10 ; that  by  the  reduction  of  Port 
Hudson  he  could  join  me  with  12,000  men. 


Report  op  General  Grant. 


151 


I learned  about  the  same  time  that  troops  were  expected  at  Jack- 
son  from  the  Southern  cities,  with  General  Beauregard  in  command. 
To  delay  until  May  10,  and  for  the  reduction  of  Port  Hudson  after 
that,  the  accession  of  12.000  men  would  not  leave  me  relatively  so 
strong  as  to  move  promptly  with  what  I had.  Information  received 
from  day  to  day  of  the  movements  of  the  enemy  also  impelled  me  to 
the  course  pursued. 

While  lying  at  Hankinson’s  Ferry  waiting  for  wagons,  supplies 
and  Sherman’s  Corps,  which  had  come  forward  in  the  meantime, 
demonstrations  were  made,  successfully,  1 believe,  to  induce  the 
enemy  to  think  that  route  and  the  one  by  Hall’s  Ferry,  above,  were 
objects  of  much  solicitude  to  me.  Reconnaissances  were  made  to  the 
west  side  of  the  Big-  Black  to  within  six  miles  of  Warrenton. 

On  May  7,  an  advance  was  ordered,  McPherson’s  Corps  keeping 
the  road  nearest  Big  Black  River,  to  Rocky  Springs,  McClernancl’s 
Corps  keeping  the  ridge  road  from  Willow  Springs,  and  Sherman 
following,  with  his  corps  divided  on  the  two  roads.  All  the  ferries 
were  closely  guarded  until  cur  troops  were  veil  advanced.  It  was 
my  intention  here  to  hug  the  Big  Black  River  as  closely  as  possible 
with  McClernand’s  and  Sherman’s  Corps,  and  get  them  to  the  rail- 
road at  some  place  between  Edwards  Station  and  Bolton.  McPher- 
son was  to  move  by  way  of  Utica  to  Raymond,  and  from  there  into 
Jackson,  destroying  the  railroad,  telegraph,  public  stores,  etc.,  and 
push  west  to  rejoin  the  main  force.  Orders  were  given  to  McPher- 
son accordingly.  Sherman  was  moved  forward  on  the  Edwards 
Station  read,  crossing  Fourteen-Mile  Creek  at  Billon’s  plantation; 
McClernand  was  moved  across  the  same  creek,  farther  west,  sending- 
one  division  of  his  corps  by  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road  as  far  as  the 
river.  At  the  crossings  of  Fourteen-Mile  Creek  both  McClernand 
and  Sherman  had  considerable  skirmishing  with  the  enemy  to  get 
possession  of  the  crossings. 

McPherson  met  the  enemy  near  Raymond,  two  brigades  strong, 
under  Gregg  and  Walker,  on  the  same  day;  engaged  him.  and,  after- 
several  hours’  hard  fighting,  drove  him,  with  heavy  loss  in  killed, 
wounded  and  prisoners.  Many  threw  down  their  arms  and  de- 
serted. My  position  at  this  time  was  with  Sherman’s  Corps,  some 
seven  miles  west  of  Raymond,  and  about  the  center  of  the  army. 

On  the  night  of  May  12,  after  orders  had  been  given  for  the 
c-orps  of  McClernand  and  Sherman  to  march  toward  the  railroad  by 
parallel  roads,  the  former  in  the  direction  of  Edwards  Station  and 
the  latter  to  a point  on  the  railroad  between  Edwards  Station  and 
Bolton,  the  order  was  changed,  and  both  were  directed  to  move 


152 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


toward  Raymond.  This  was  in  consequence  of  the  enemy  having 
retreated  toward  Jackson  after  his  defeat  at  Raymond,  and  of  in- 
formation that  reinforcements  were  daily  arriving  at  Jackson,  and 
that  Gen.  Joe  Johnston  was  hourly  expected  there  to  take  command 
in  person.  I therefore  determined  to  make  sure  of  that  place  and 
leave  no  enemy  in  my  rear. 

McPherson  moved  on  the  13tli  to  Clinton,  destroyed  the  railroad 
and  telegraph,  and  captured  some  important  dispatches  from  Gen- 
eral Pemberton  to  General  Gregg,  who  had  commanded  the  day 
before  in  the  battle  of  Raymond.  Sherman  moved  to  a parallel 
position  on  the  Mississippi  Springs  and  Jackson  road.  McClernand 
moved  to  a point  near  Raymond. 

The  next  day  Sherman  and  McPherson  moved  their  entire  force 
toward  Jackson.  The  rain  fell  in  torrents  all  the  night  before  and 
continued  until  about  noon  of  that  day,  making  the  roads  at  first 
slippery,  and  then  miry.  Notwithstanding,  the  troops  marched  in 
excellent  order,  without  straggling  and  in  the  best  of  spirits,  about 
fourteen  miles,  and  engaged  the  enemy  about  12  m.  near  Jackson. 
McClernand  occupied  Clinton  with  one  division,  Mississippi  Springs 
with  another,  Raymond  with  a third,  and  had  his  fourth  division 
and  Blair’s  Division,  of  Sherman’s  Corps,  with  a wagon  train,  still 
in  the  rear  near  New  Auburn,  while  McArthur,  with  one  brigade  of 
his  division,  of  McPherson’s  Corps,  was  moving  toward  Raymond  on 
the  Utica  road.  It  was  not  the  intention  to  move  these  forces  any 
nearer  Jackson,  but  to  have  them  in  a position  where  they  would 
be  in  supporting  distance  if  the  resistance  at  Jackson  should  prove 
more  obstinate  than  there  seemed  reason  to  expect. 

The  enemy  marched  out  the  bulk  of  his  force  on  the  Clinton  road, 
and  engaged  McPherson ’s  Corps,  about  two  and  one-half  miles  from 
the  city.  A small  force  of  artillery  and  infantry  took  a strong 
position  in  front  of  Sherman,  about  the  same  distance  out.  By  a 
determined  advance  of  our  skirmishers,  these  latter  were  soon  driven 
within  their  rifle-pits,  just  outside  the  city.  It  was  impossible  to 
ascertain  the  strength  of  the  enemy  at  this  part  of  the  line  in  time 
to  justify  an  immediate  assault;  consequently  McPherson’s  two 
divisions  engaged  the  main  bulk  of  the  rebel  garrison  at  Jackson 
without  further  aid  than  the  moral  support  given  them  by  the  knowl- 
edge the  enemy  had  of  a force  to  the  south  side  of  the  city  and  the 
few  infantry  and  artillery  of  the  enemy  posted  there  to  impede 
Sherman’s  progress.  Sherman  soon  discovered  the  weakness  of  the 
enemy  by  sending  a reconnoitering  partv  to  bis  right,  which  also 
had  the  effect  of  causing  the  enemy  to  retreat  from  this  part  of  his 


Report  of  Genera l Grant. 


15: 


line.  A few  of  the  artillerists,  however,  remained  in  their  places, 
tiring  upon  Sherman’s  troops  until  the  last  moment,  evidently  in- 
structed to  do  so,  with  the  expectation  of  being  captured  in  the  end. 

On  entering  the  city  it  was  found  that  the  main  body  of  the 
enemy  had  retreated  north  after  a heavy  engagement  of  more  than 
two  hours  with  McPherson’s  Corps,  in  which  he  (the  enemy)  was 
badly  beaten.  He  was  pursued  until  near  night,  but  without  fur- 
ther damage  to  him. 

During  that  evening  I learned  that  General  Johnston,  as  soon  as 
lie  had  satisfied  himself  that  Jackson  was  to  be  attacked,  had  ordered 
Pemberton  peremptorily  to  march  out  from  the  direction  of  Vicks- 
burg and  attack  our  rear.  Availing  myself  of  this  information,  I 
immediately  issued  orders  to  McClernand,  and  Blair  of  Sherman’s 
Corps,  to  face  their  troops  toward  Bolton,  with  a view  to  reaching 
Edwards  Station,  marching  on  different  roads  converging  near 
Bolton.  These  troops  were  admirably  located  for  such  a move. 
McPherson  was  ordered  to  retrace  his  steps  early  in  the  morning  of 
the  15th  on  the  Clinton  road.  Sherman  was  left  in  Jackson  to  de- 
stroy the  railroads,  bridges,  factories,  workshops,  arsenals,  and 
everything  valuable  for  the  support  of  the  enemy.  This  was  accom- 
plished in  the  most  effectual  manner. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  15th.  I proceeded  as  far  west  as  Clinton, 
through  which  place  McPherson’s  Corps  passed  to  within  support- 
ing distance  of  Plovey’s  Division,  of  McClernand ’s  Corps,  which  had 
moved  that  day  on  the  same  road  to  within  one  and  one-half  miles  of 
Bolton . 

On  reaching  Clinton,  at  4:45  p.  m.,  I ordered  McClernand  to 
move  his  command  early  the  next  morning  toward  Edwards  Depot, 
marching  so  as  to  feel  the  enemy  if  he  encountered  him,  but  not  to 
bring  on  a general  engagement  unless  he  was  confident  he  was  able 
to  defeat  him ; and  also  to  order  Blair  to  move  with  him. 

About  5 o’clock  on  the  morning  of  the  16th,  two  men,  employes 
on  the  Jackson  and  Vicksburg  Railroad,  who  had  passed  through 
Pemberton’s  army  the  night  before,  were  brought  to  my  headquar- 
ters. They  stated  Pemberton’s  force  to  consist  of  about  eighty 
regiments,  with  ten  batteries  of  artillery,  and  that  the  whole  force 
was  estimated  by  the  enemy  at  about  25,000  men.  From  them  I also 
learned  the  positions  being  taken  by  the  enemy,  and  his  intention  of 
attacking  our  rear.  I had  determined  to  leave  one  division  of  Sher- 
man’s  Corps  one  day  longer  in  Jackson,  but  this  information  deter- 
mined me  to  bring  his  entire  command  up  at  once,  and  I accordingly 
dispatched  him.  at  5:30  a.  m.,  to  move  with  all  possible  speed  until 


154 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


lie  came  up  with  the  main  force  at  Bolton.  My  dispatch  reached 
him  at  7 :10  a.  m.,  and  his  advance  division  was  in  motion  in  one 
hour  from  that  time.  A dispatch  was  sent  to  Blair  at  the  same  time 
to  push  forward  his  division  in  the  direction  of  Edwards  Station 
with  all  possible  dispatch.  MeClernancl  was  directed  to  establish 
communication  between  Blair  and  Osterhaus,  of  his  corps,  and  keep 
it  up,  moving  the  former  to  the  support  of  the  latter.  McPherson 
was  ordered  forward,  at  5:45  a.  m.,  to  join  McClernand,  and  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  Wilson,  of  my  staff,  was  sent  forward  to  communi- 
cate the  information  received,  and  with  verbal  instructions  to  Mc- 
Clernand as  to  the  disposition  of  his  forces. 

At  an  early  hour  I left  for  the  advance,  and,  on  arriving-  at  the 
crossing  of  the  Vicksburg  and  Jackson  Railroad  with  the  road  from 
Raymond  to  Bolton,  I found  McPherson’s  advance  and  his  pioneer 
corps  engaged  in  rebuilding  a bridge  on  the  former  road,  that  had 
been  destroyed  by  the  cavalry  of  Osterhaus’  Division,  that  had  gone 
into  Bolton  the  night  before.  The  train  of  IJovey’s  Division  was 
at  a halt,  and  blocked  up  the  road  from  farther  advance  on  the 
Vicksburg  road.  I ordered  all  quartermasters  and  wagonmasters  to 
draw  their  teams  to  one  side  and  make  room  for  the  passage  of 
troops.  McPherson  was  brought  up  by  this  road. 

Passing  to  the  front,  I found  TTovey’s  Division,  of  the  13th  Army 
Corps,  at  a halt,  with  our  skirmishers  and  the  enemy’s  pickets  near 
each  other.  Hovey  was  bringing  his  troops  into  line  ready  for 
battle,  and  could  have  brought  on  an  engagement  at  any  moment. 
The  enemy  had  taken  up  a very  strong  position  on  a narrow  ridge, 
his  left  resting  on  a height  where  the  road  makes  a sharp  turn  to  the 
left,  approaching  Vicksburg.  The  top  of  the  ridge  and  the  precip- 
itous hillside  to  the  left  of  the  road  are  covered  by  a dense  forest  and 
undergrowth.  To  the  right  of  the  road  the  timber  extends  a short 
distance  down  the  hill,  and  then  opens  into  cultivated  fields  on  a 
gentle  slope  and  into  a valley,  extending  for  a considerable  distance. 
On  the  road  and  into  the  wooded  ravine  and  hillside,  Ilovey’s  Di- 
vision was  disposed  for  the  attack.  McPherson’s  two  divisions — all 
of  his  corps  with  him  on  the  march  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  until  Ran- 
som’s Brigade  arrived  that  day  after  the  battle — were  thrown  to 
the  right  of  the  road  (properly  speaking,  the  enemy’s  rear),  but  I 
would  not  permit  an  attack  to  be  commenced  by  our  troops  until  I 
could  hear  from  McClernand,  who  was  advancing  with  four  divi- 
sions, two  of  them  on  a road  intersecting  the  Jackson  road,  about 
one  mile  from  where  the  troops  above  described  were  placed,  and 


Major  General  William  T.  Sherman, 
Fifteenth  Corps. 


(150) 


Report  op  General  Grant. 


157 


about  the  center  of  the  enemy’s  line;  the  other  two  divisions  on  a 
road  still  north,  and  nearly  the  same  distance  off. 

I socn  heard  from  McClernand  through  members  of  Ins  staff 
and  my  own,  whom  I had  sent  to  him  early  in  the  morning,  and 
found  that,  by  the  nearest  practicable  route  of  communication,  he 
was  two  and  one-half  miles  distant.  I sent  several  successive  mes- 
sages to  him  to  push  forward  with  all  rapidity.  There  had  been 
continuous  firing  between  Hovey’s  skirmishers  and  the  rebel  ad- 
vance, which  by  11  o’clock  grew  into  a battle.  For  some  time  this 
division  bore  the  brunt  of  the  conflict;  but,  finding  the  enemy  too 
strong  for  them,  at  the  instance  of  Ilovey,  I directed  first  one  and 
then  a second  brigade  from  Crocker’s  Division  to  reinforce  him. 
All  this  time  Logan’s  Division  was  working  upon  the  enemy’s  left 
and  rear,  and  weakened  his  front  attack  most  wonderfully.  The 
troops  here  opposing  us  evidently  far  outnumbered  ours.  Expect- 
ing McClernand  momentarily  with  four  divisions,  including  Blair’s, 
I never  felt  a doubt  of  the  result.  Tie  did  not  arrive,  however,  until 
the  enemy  had  been  driven  from  the  field,  after  a terrible  contest  of 
hours,  with  a heavy  loss  of  killed,  wounded  and  prisoners,  and  a 
niunber  of  pieces  of  artillery. 

It  was  found  afterward  that  the  Vicksburg  road,  after  following 
the  ridge  in  a southerly  direction  for  about  one  mile,  and  to  where 
it  intersected  one  of  the  Raymond  roads,  turns  almost  to  the  west, 
down  the  hill  and  across  the  valley  in  which  Logan  was  operating  on 
the  rear  of  the  enemy.  One  brigade  of  Logan’s  Division  had,  un- 
conscious of  this  important  fact,  penetrated  nearly  to  this  road,  and 
compelled  the  enemy  to  retreat  to  prevent  capture.  As  it  was,  much 
of  his  artillery  and  Loring’s  Division  of  his  army  were  cut  off,  be- 
sides the  prisoners  captured. 

On  the  call  of  Hovey  for  more  reinforcements  just  before  the 
rout  of  the  enemy  commenced,  I ordered  McPherson  to  move  what 
troops  he  could  by  a left  flank  around  to  the  enemy’s  front.  Logan 
rode  up  at  this  time,  and  told  me  that  if  Hovey  could  make  another 
dash  at  the  enemy,  he  could  come  up  from  where  he  then  was  and 
capture  the  greater  part  of  their  force.  I immediately  rode  forward 
and  found  the  troops  that  had  been  so  gallantly  engaged  for  so  many 
hours  withdrawn  from  their  advanced  position,  and  were  filling 
their  cartridge-boxes.  I directed  them  to  use  all  dispatch,  and  push 
forward  as  soou  as  possible,  explaining  to  them  the  position  of 
Iogan’s  Division.  Proceeding  still  farther  forward,  expecting 
every  moment  to  see  the  enemy,  and  reaching  what  had  been  his 
line,  I found  he  was  retreating. 


158 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Arriving  at  the  Raymond  road,  I saw  to  my  left  and  on  the  next 
ridge,  a column  of  troops,  which  proved  to  be  Carr’s  Division,  and 
McClernand  with  it  in  person;  and  to  the  left  of  Carr,  Osterlians’ 
Division  soon  afterward  appeared,  with  his  skirmishers  well  in  ad- 
vance. I sent  word  to  Osterhaus  that  the  enemy  was  in  full  retreat, 
and  to  push  up  with  all  haste.  The  situation  was  soon  explained, 
after  which  I ordered  Carr  to  pursue  with  all  speed  to  Black  River, 
and  across  it  if  he  could,  and  to  Osterhaus  to  follow.  Some  of  Mc- 
Pherson’s troops  had  already  got  into  the  road  in  advance;  but 
having  marched  and  engaged  the  enemy  all  day,  they  were  fatigued 
and  gave  the  road  to  Carr,  who  continued  the  pursuit  until  after 
dark,  capturing  a train  of  cars  loaded  with  commissary  and  ord- 
nance stores  and  other  property. 

The  delay  in  the  advance  of  the  troops  immediately  with  Mc- 
Clernand was  caused,  no  doubt,  by  the  enemy  presenting  a front  of 
artillery  and  infantry  where  it  was  impossible,  from  the  nature  of 
the  ground  and  the  density  of  the  forest,  to  discover  his  numbers. 
As  it  was,  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  or  Baker’s  Creek,  was 
fought  mainly  by  Hovey’s  Division,  of  McClernand’s  Corps,  and 
Logan’s  and  Quinby’s  Divisions  (the  latter  commanded  by  Brig. 
Gen.  M.  M.  Crocker),  of  McPherson’s  Corps. 

Ransom’s  Brigade,  of  McPherson’s  Corps,  came  on  to  the  field 
where  the  main  battle  had  been  fought  immediately  after  the  enemy 
had  begun  his  retreat. 

Wcrd  was  sent  to  Sherman,  at  Bolton,  of  the  result  of  the  day’s 
engagement,  with  directions  to  turn  his  corps  toward  Bridgeport, 
and  to  Blair  to  join  him  at  this  latter  place. 

At  daylight  on  the  17tli,  the  pursuit  was  renewed,  with  McCler- 
nand’s Corps  in  the  advance.  The  enemy  was  found  strongly 
posted  on  both  sides  of  Black  River.  At  this  point  on  Black  River 
the  bluffs  extend  to  the  water’s  edge  on  the  west  bank.  On  the  east 
side  is  an  open,  cultivated  bottom  of  nearly  one  mile  in  width,  sur- 
rounded by  a bayou  of  stagnant  water,  from  two  to  three  feet  in 
depth  and  from  ten  to  twenty  feet  in  width,  from  the  river  above 
the  railroad  to  the  river  below.  Following  the  inside  line  of  this 
bayou,  the  enemy  had  constructed  rifle-pits,  with  the  bayou  to  serve 
as  a ditch  on  the  outside  and  immediately  in  front  of  them.  Carr’s 
Division  occupied  the  right  in  investing  this  place,  and  Lawler’s 
Brigade  the  right  of  his  division.  After  a few  hours’  skirmishing, 
Lawler  discovered  that  by  moving  a portion  of  his  brigade  under 
cover  of  the  river  bank  he  could  get  a position  from  which  that 


Report  of  General  Grant. 


159 


place  could  be  successfully  assaulted,  and  ordered  a charge  accord- 
ingly. Notwithstanding  the  level  ground  over  which  a portion  of 
his  troops  had  to  pass  without  cover,  and  the  great  obstacle  of  the 
ditch  in  front  of  the  enemy’s  works,  the  charge  was  gallantly  and 
successfully  made,  and  in  a few  minutes  the  entire  garrison,  with 
seventeen  pieces  of  artillery,  were  the  trophies  of  this  brilliant  and 
daring  movement.  The  enemy  on  the  west  bank  of  the  river  imme- 
diately set  fire  to  the  railroad  bridge  and  retreated,  thus  cutting  off 
all  chance  of  escape  for  any  portion  of  his  forces  remaining  on  the 
east  bank. 

Sherman  by  this  time  had  reached  Bridgeport,  on  Black  River, 
above.  The  only  pontoon  train  with  the  expedition  was  with  him. 
By  the  morning  of  the  18th,  he  had  crossed  the  river,  and  was  ready 
to  march  on  Walnut  Hills.  McClernand  and  McPherson  built  float- 
ing bridges  during  the  night,  and  had  them  ready  for  crossing  their 
commands  by  8 a.  m.  of  the  18th. 

The  march  was  commenced  by  Sherman  at  an  early  hour  by  the 
Bridgeport  and  Vicksburg  road,  turning  to  the  right  when  within 
three  and  one-half  miles  of  Vicksburg,  to  get  possession  of  Walnut 
Hills  and  the  Yazoo  River.  This  was  successfully  accomplished  be- 
fore the  night  of  the  18th.  McPherson  crossed  Big  Black  River 
above  the  Jackson  road  and  came  into  the  same  road  with  Sherman, 
but  to  his  rear.  He  arrived  after  nightfall  with  his  advance  to 
where  Sherman  turned  to  the  right.  McClernand  moved  by  the 
Jackson  and  Vicksburg  road  to  Mount  Albans,  and  there  turned  to 
the  left,  to  get  into  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road.  By  this  disposition  the 
three  army  corps  covered  all  the  ground  their  strength  would  admit 
of,  and  by  the  morning  of  the  19tli  the  investment  of  Vicksburg  was 
made  as  complete  as  could  be  by  the  forces  at  my  command. 

During  the  day  there  was  continuous  skirmishing,  and  I was  not 
without  hope  of  carrying  the  enemy’s  works.  Relying  upon  the 
demoralization  of  the  enemy,  in  consequence  of  repeated  defeats 
outside  of  Vicksburg,  I ordered  a general  assault  at  2 p.  m.  on  this 
day.  The  15th  Army  Corps,  from  having  arrived  in  front  of  the 
enemy’s  works  in  time  on  the  18th  to  get  a good  position,  were 
enabled  to  make  a vigorous  assault.  The  13th  and  17th  Army  Corps 
succeeded  no  farther  than  to  gain  advanced  positions  covered  from 
the  fire  of  the  enemy. 

The  20th  and  21st  were  spent  in  perfecting  communications  with 
our  supplies.  Most  of  the  troops  had  been  marching  and  fighting 
battles  for  twenty  days,  on  an  average  of  about  five  days’  rations 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


160 

drawn  from  the  commissary  department.  Though  they  had  not  suf- 
fered from  short  rations  up  to  this  time,  the  want  of  bread  to  accom- 
pany the  other  rations  was  beginning  to  be  much  felt. 

On  the  21st,  my  arrangements  for  drawing  supplies  of  every 
description  being  complete,  I determined  to  make  another  effort  to 
carry  Vicksburg  by  assault.  There  were  many  reasons  to  determine 
me  to  adopt  this  course.  I believed  an  assault  from  the  position 
gained  by  this  time  could  be  made  successfully.  It  was  known  that 
Johnston  was  at  Canton  with  the  force  taken  by  him  from  Jackson, 
reinforced  by  other  troops  from  the  East,  and  that  more  were  daily 
reaching  him.  With  the  force  I then  had,  a short  time  must  have 
enabled  him  to  attack  me  in  the  rear,  and  possibly  succeeded  in 
raising  the  siege. 

Possession  of  Vicksburg  at  that  time  would  have  enabled  me  to 
have  turned  upon  Johnston  and  driven  him  from  the  State,  and  pos- 
sessed myself  of  all  the  railroads  and  practical  military  highways, 
thus  effectually  securing  to  ourselves  all  territory  west  of  the  Tom- 
bigbee.  and  this  before  the  season  was  too  far  advanced  for  cam- 
paigning in  this  latitude.  I would  have  saved  the  Government 
sending  large  reinforcements,  much  needed  elsewhere ; and,  finally, 
the  troops  themselves  were  impatient  to  possess  Vicksburg,  and 
would  not  have  worked  in  the  trenches  with  the  same  zeal,  believing 
it  unnecessary,  that  they  did  after  their  failure  to  carry  the  enemy’s 
works. 

Accordingly,  on  the  21st,  orders  were  issued  for  a general  assault 
on  the  whole  line,  to  commence  at  10  a.  m.  on  the  22d.  All  the 
corps  commanders  set  their  time  by  mine,  that  there  should  be  no 
difference  between  them  in  movement  of  assault.  Promptly  at  the 
hour  designated  the  three  army  corps  then  in  front  of  the  enemy’s 
works  commenced  the  assault.  I had  taken  a commanding  position 
near  McPherson’s  front,  and  from  which  I could  see  all  the  ad- 
vancing columns  from  his  corps,  and  a part  of  each  of  Sherman’s 
and  McClernand’s.  A portion  of  the  commands  of  each  succeeded 
in  planting  their  flags  on  the  outer  slopes  of  the  enemy’s  bastions, 
and  maintained  them  there  until  night. 

Each  corps  had  many  more  men  than  could  possibly  be  used  in 
the  assault  over  such  ground  as  intervened  between  them  and  the 
enemy.  More  men  could  only  avail  in  case  of  breaking  through  the' 
enemy’s  line  or  in  repelling  a sortie.  The  assault  was  gallant  in  the 
extreme  on  the  part  of  all  the  troops,  but  the  enemy’s  position  was 
too  strong,  both  naturally  and  artificially,  to  he  taken  in  that  way. 


Report  op  General  Grant. 


161 


At  every  point  assaulted,  and  at  all  of  them  at  the  same  time,  the 
enemy  was  able  to  show  all  the  force  his  works  would  cover. 

The  assault  failed,  I regret  to  say,  with  much  loss  on  our  side 
in  killed  and  wounded,  but  without  weakening  the  confidence  of  the 
troops  in  their  ability  to  ultimately  succeed. 

No  troops  succeeded  in  entering  any  of  the  enemy’s  works  with 
the  exception  of  Sergeant  Griffith,  of  the  21st  ( 22d ) Iowa  Volun- 
teers, and  some  eleven  privates  of  the  same  regiment.  Of  these  none 
returned,  except  the  sergeant  and  possibly  one  man.  The  work  en- 
tered by  him,  from  its  position,  could  give  us  no  practical  advantage, 
unless  others  to  the  right  and  left  of  it  were  carried  and  held  at 
the  same  time. 

About  12  m.  I received  a dispatch  from  McClernand  that  lip  was 
hard  pressed  at  several  points,  in  reply  to  which  I directed  him  to 
reinforce  the  points  hard  pressed  from  such  troops  as  he  had  that 
were  not  engaged.  I then  rode  around  to  Sherman  and  had  just 
reached  there  when  T received  a second  dispatch  from  McClernand, 
stating  positively  and  unequivocally  that  he  was  in  possession  of, 
and  still  held,  two  of  the  enemy’s  forts;  that  the  American  flag 
then  waved  over  them,  and  asking  me  to  have  Sherman  and  McPher- 
son make  a diversion  in  his  favor.  This  dispatch  1 showed  Sher- 
man, who  immediately  ordered  a renewal  of  the  assault  on  his  front. 
I also  sent  an  answer  to  McClernand,  directing  him  to  order  up  Mc- 
Arthur to  his  assistance,  and  started  immediately  to  the  position  I 
had  just  left  on  McPherson’s  line,  to  convey  to  him  the  information 
from  McClernand  by  this  last  dispatch,  that  he  might  make  the 
diversion  requested.  Before  reaching  McPherson.  I met  a messen- 
ger with  a third  dispatch  from  McClernand,  of  which  the  following 
is  a copy : 

Headquarters  Thirteenth  Army  Corps, 

In  the  Field.  Near  Vicksburg,  Miss..  May  22.  1863. 

Maj.  Gen.  F.  S.  Grant  . 

General:  We  have  gained  the  enemy’s  intrenchments  at  several 
points,  blit  are  brought  to  a stand.  I have  sent  word  to  McArthur  to  re- 
enforce me  if  he  can.  Would  it  not  be  best  to  concentrate  the  whole  or  a 
part  of  his  command  at  this  point? 

John  A.  McClernand. 

Major-General.  Commanding. 

P-  S. — I have  received  your  dispatch.  My  troops  are  all  engaged,  and 
I cannot  withdraw  any  to  re-enforce  others. 

The  position  occupied  by  me  during  most  of  the  time  of  the 
assault  gave  me  a better  opportunity  of  seeing  what  was  going  on 


162 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


in  front  of  the  13th  Army  Corps  than  I believed  it  possible  for  the 
commander  of  it  to  have.  I could  not  see  his  possession  of  forts, 
nor  necessity  for  reinforcements,  as  represented  in  his  dispatches, 
up  to  the  time  I left  it,  which  was  between  12  m.  and  1 p.  m.,  and  I 
expressed  doubts  of  their  correctness,  which  doubts  the  facts  subse- 
quently, but  too  late,  confirmed.  At  the  time  1 could  not  disregard 
his  reiterated  statements,  for  they  might  possibly  be  true ; and  that 
no  possible  opportunity  of  carrying  the  enemy’s  stronghold  should 
be  allowed  to  escape  through  fault  of  mine,  I ordered  Quinby’s  Di- 
vision, which  was  all  of  McPherson’s  Corps  then  present  but  four 
brigades,  to  report  to  McClernand,  and  notified  him  of  the  order.  I 
showed  his  dispatches  to  McPherson,  as  I had  to  Sherman,  to  satisfy 
him  of  the  necessity  of  an  active  diversion  on  their  part  to  hold  as 
much  force  in  their  fronts  as  possible.  The  diversion  was  promptly 
and  vigorously  made,  and  resulted  in  the  increase  of  our  mortality 
list  fully  50  per  cent.,  without  advancing  our  position  or  giving  us 
other  advantages. 

About  3:50  p.  m.  I received  McClernand ’s  fourth  dispatch,  as 
follows : 

Headquarters  Thirteenth  Army  Corps 
May  22,  1863. 

Maj.  Gen.  I'.  S.  Grant, 

Department  of  the  Tennessee : 

General:  I have  received  your  dispatch  in  regard  to  General  Quin- 
hy's  divisioon  and  General  McArthur's  division.  As  soon  as  they  arrive  I 
will  press  the  enemy  with  all  possible  speed,  and  doubt  not  1 will  force  my 
way  through.  I have  lost  no  ground.  My  men  are  in  two  of  the  enemy’s 
forts,  but  they  are  commanded  by  rifle-pits  in  the  rear.  Several  ■ prisoners 
have  been  taken,  who  intimate  that' the  rear  is  strong.  At  this  moment 
I am  hard  pressed. 

John  A.  McClernand, 
Major-General.  Commanding. 

The  assault  of  this  day  proved  the  quality  of  the  soldiers  of  this 
army.  Without  entire  success,  and  with  a heavy  loss,  there  was  no 
murmuring  or  complaining;  no  falling  back,  nor  other  evidence  of 
demoralization. 

After  the  failure  of  the  22d,  I determined  upon  a regular  siege. 
The  troops  being  now  fully  awake  to  the  necessity  of  this,  worked 
diligently  and  cheerfully.  The  work  progressed  rapidly  and  satis- 
factorily until  July  3,  when  all  was  about  ready  for  a final  assault. 

There  was  a great  scarcity  of  engineer  officers  in  the  beginning, 
but  under  the  skilled  superintendence  of  Capt.  P.  E.  Prime,  of  the 


Report  of  General  Grant. 


163 


Engineer  Corps ; Lieutenant  Colonel  Wilson,  of  my  staff,  and  Capt. 
C.  B.  Comstock,  of  the  Engineer  Corps,  who  joined  this  command 
during  the  siege,  such  practical  experience  was  gained  as  would  en- 
able any  division  of  this  army  hereafter  to  conduct  a siege  with 
considerable  skill  in  the  absence  of  regular  engineer  officers. 

On  the  afternoon  of  July  3,  a letter  was  received  from  Lieuten- 
ant General  Pemberton,  commanding  the  Confederate  forces  at 
Vicksburg,  proposing  an  armistice  and  the  appointment  of  commis- 
sioners to  arrange  terms  for  the  capitulation  of  the  place.  The  cor- 
respondence, copies  of  which  are  herewith  transmitted,  resulted  in 
the  surrender  of  the  city  and  garrison  of  Vicksburg  at  10  a.  m.,  July 
1.  1863,  on  the  following  terms  : 

The  entire  garrison,  officers  and  men,  were  to  be  paroled,  not  to 
take  up  arms  against  the  United  States  until  exchanged  by  the 
proper  authorities ; officers  and  men  each  to  be  furnished  with  a 
parole,  signed  by  himself ; officers  to  be  allowed  their  side-arms  and 
private  baggage,  and  the  field,  staff  and  cavalry  officers  one  horse 
each ; the  rank  and  file  to  be  allowed  all  their  clothing,  but  no  other 
property;  rations  from  their  own  stores  sufficient  to  last  them  be- 
yond our  lines;  the  necessary  cooking  utensils  for  preparing  their 
food,  and  thirty  wagons  to  transport  such  articles  as  could  not  well 
he  carried. 

These  terms  I regarded  more  favorable  to  the  Government  than 
an  unconditional  surrender.  It  saved  us  the  transportation  of  them 
North,  which  at  that  time  would  have  been  very  difficult,  owing  to 
the  limited  amount  of  river  transportation  on  hand,  and  the  expense 
of  subsisting  them.  It  left  our  army  free  to  operate  against  Johns- 
ton, who  was  threatening  us  from  the  direction  of  Jackson,  and  our 
river  transportation  to  be  used  for  the  movement  of  troops  to  any 
point  the  exigency  of  the  service  might  require. 

I deem  it  proper  to  state  here,  in  order  that  the  correspondence 
may  be  fully  understood,  that  after  my  answer  to  General  Pember- 
ton’s letter  of  the  morning  of  the  3d,  we  had  a personal  interview 
on  the  subject  of  the  capitulation. 

The  particmlars  and  incidents  of  the  siege  will  be  contained  in 
the  reports  of  division  and  corps  commanders,  which  will  be  for- 
warded as  soon  as  received. 

I brought  forward  during  the  siege,  in  addition  to  Lauman’s 
Division  and  four  regiments  previously  ordered  from  Memphis,  (W. 
S.)  Smith’s  and  Kimball’s  Divisions,  of  the  16th  Army  Corps,  and 
assigned  Maj.  Gen.  C.  C.  Washburn  to  command  of  the  same. 


164 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


On  June  11,  Maj.  Gen.  F.  J.  Herron’s  Division,  from  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Missouri  arrived,  and  on  the  14th  two  divisions  of  the 
9th  Army  Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  J.  G.  Parke,  commanding,  arrived. 
This  increase  in  my  force  enabled  me  to  make  the  investment  most 
complete,  and  at  the  same  time  left  me  a large  reserve  to  watch  the 
movements  of  Johnston.  Herron’s  Division  was  put  into  position 
on  the  extreme  left,  south  of  the  city,  and  Laiaman’s  Division  was 
placed  between  Herron  and  McClernand.  Smith’s  and  Kimball’s 
Divisions  and  Parke’s  Corps  were  sent  to  Haynes’  Bluff.  This 
place  I had  fortified  on  the  land  side,  and  every  preparation  made  to 
resist  a heavy  force.  Johnston  crossed  Big  Black  River  with  a 
portion  of  his  force,  and  everything  indicated  that  he  would  make 
an  attack  about  June  25.  Our  position  in  front  of  Vicksburg  hav- 
ing been  made  as  strong  against  a sortie  from  the  enemy  as  his 
works  were  against  assault,  I placed  Major  General  Sherman  in 
command  of  all  the  troops  designated  to  look  after  Johnston.  The 
force  intended  to  operate  against  Johnston,  in  addition  to  that  at 
Haynes’  Bluff,  was  one  division  from  each  of  the  13th,  15th  and  17th 
Army  Corps  and  Lauman’s  Division.  Johnston,  however,  not  at- 
tacking, I determined  to  attack  him  the  moment  Vicksburg  was  in 
our  possession,  and  accordingly  notified  Sherman  that  I should 
again  make  an  assault  on  Vicksburg  at  daylight  on  the  6th,  and  for 
him  to  have  up  supplies  of  all  descriptions,  ready  to  move  upon 
receipt  of  orders,  if  the  assault  should  prove  a success.  His  prep- 
arations were  immediately  made,  and  when  the  place  surrendered 
on  the  4th — two  clays  earlier  than  I had  fixed  for  the  attack — Sher- 
man was  found  ready,  and  moved  at  once  with  a force  increased  by 
the  remainder  of  both  the  13th  and  15th  Army  Corps,  and  is  at 
present  investing  Jackson,  where  Johnston  has  made  a stand. 

In  the  march  from  Bruinsburg  to  Vicksburg,  covering  a period 
of  twenty  days,  before  supplies  could  lie  obtained  from  Government 
stores,  only  five  days’  rations  were  issued,  and  three  days’  of  these 
were  taken  in  haversacks  at  the  start,  and  were  soon  exhausted.  All 
other  subsistence  was  obtained  from  the  country  through  which  we 
passed.  The  march  was  commenced  without  wagons,  except  such  as 
could  be  picked  up  through  the  country.  The  country  was  abun- 
dantly supplied  with  corn,  bacon,  beef  and  mutton.  The  troops 
enjoyed  excellent  health,  and  no  army  ever  appeared  in  better 
spirits  or  felt  more  confident  of  success. 

In  accordance  with  previous  instructions,  Maj.  Gen.  S.  A.  Hurl- 
but  started  Col.  (now  Brig.  Gen.)  B.  II.  Grierson  with  a cavalry 


Report  op  General  Grant. 


165 


force  from  La  Grange,  Tenn.,  to  make  a raid  through  the  central 
portion  of  the  State  of  Mississippi,  to  destroy  railroads  and  other 
public  property,  for  the  purpose  of  creating  a diversion  in  favor  of 
the  army  moving  to  the  attack  on  Vicksburg. 

On  April  17,  this  expedition  started,  and  arrived  at  Baton 
Rouge  on  May  2,  having  successfully  traversed  the  whole  State  of 
Mississippi.  This  expedition  was  skillfully  conducted,  and  reflects 
great  credit  on  Colonel  Grierson  and  all  of  his  command.  The  no- 
tice given  this  raid  by  the  Southern  press  confirms  our  estimate  of 
its  importance.  It  has  been  one  of  the  most  brilliant  cavalry  ex- 
ploits of  the  war,  and  will  be  handed  down  in  history  as  an  example 
to  be  imitated.  Colonel  Grierson’s  report  is  herewith  transmitted. 

I cannot  close  this  report  without  an  expression  of  thankfulness 
for  my  good  fortune  in  being  placed  in  co-operation  with  an  officer 
of  the  navy  who  accords  to  every  move  that  seems  for  the  interest 
and  success  of  our  arms  his  hearty  and  energetic  support.  Admiral 
Porter  and  the  very  efficient  officers  under  him  have  ever  shown  the 
greatest  readiness  in  their  co-operation,  no  matter  what  was  to  be 
done  or  what  risk  to  be  taken,  either  by  their  men  or  their  vessels. 
Without  this  prompt  and  cordial  support,  my  movements  would 
have  been  much  embarrassed,  if  not  wholly  defeated. 

Capt.  J.  W.  Shirk,  commanding  the  Tuscumbia,  was  especially 
active,  and  deserving  of  the  highest  commendation  for  his  personal 
attention  to  the  repairing  of  the  damage  done  our  transports  by  the 
Vicksburg  batteries. 

The  result  of  this  campaign  has  been  the  defeat  of  the  enemy  in 
five  battles  outside  of  Vicksburg;  the  occupation  of  Jackson,  the 
capital  of  the  State  of  Mississippi,  and  the  capture  of  Vicksburg 
and  its  garrison  and  munitions  of  war;  a loss  to  the  enemy  of  37,000 
prisoners,  among  whom  were  fifteen  general  officers;  at  least  10,000 
killed  and  wounded,  and  among  the  killed  Generals  Tracy,  Tilgh- 
man  and  Green,  and  hundreds,  and  perhaps  thousands,  of  strag- 
glers, who  can  never  be  collected  and  reorganized.  Arms  and  muni- 
tions of  war  for  an  army  of  60.000  men  have  fallen  into  our  hands, 
besides  a large  amount  of  other  public  property,  consisting  of  rail- 
roads, locomotives,  cars,  steamboats,  cotton,  etc.,  and  much  was  de- 
stroyed to  prevent  our  capturing  it. 


166 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Our  loss  in  the  series  of  battles  may  be  summed  up  as  follows : 


Killed. 

Wounded. 

Missing. 

Port  Gibson  

130 

718 

5 

Fourteen-Mile  Creek  (skirmish)  

4 

24 

Raymond. 

69 

341 

32 

Jackson  

40 

240 

6 

Champion’s  Hill  

426 

1,842 

1S9 

Big  Black  Railroad  Bridge 

29 

242 

2 

Vicksburg  

545 

3,688 

303 

Note:  See  general  summary,  page  172. 

Of  the  wounded,  many  were  but  slightly  wounded  and  continued 
on  duty ; many  more  required  but  a few  days  or  weeks  for  their 
recovery.  Not  more  than  one-half  of  the  wounded  were  perma- 
nently disabled. 

My  personal  staff  and  chiefs  of  departments  have  in  all  cases 
rendered  prompt  and  efficient  service. 

In  all  former  reports  I have  failed  to  make  mention  of  Company 
A,  Fourth  Regiment  Illinois  Volunteer  Cavalry,  Capt.  E.  D.  Os- 
band  commanding.  This  company  has  been  on  duty  with  me  as  an 
escort  company  since  November,  1861,  and  in  every  engagement  I 
have  been  in  since  that  time  rendered  valuable  service,  attracting 
general  attention  for  their  exemplary  conduct,  soldierly  bearing 
and  promptness.  It  would  not  be  overstating  the  merits  of  this 
company  to  say  that  many  of  them  would  fill  with  credit  any  posi- 
tion in  a cavalry  regiment. 

For  the  brilliant  achievements  recounted  in  this  report,  the 
Army  of  the  Tennessee,  their  comrades  of  the  9th  Army  Corps, 
Herron’s  Division  of  the  Army  of  the  Frontier,  and  the  navy  co- 
operating with  them,  deserve  the  highest  honors  their  country  can 
award. 

1 have  the  honor  to  be.  Colonel,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient 
servant, 

U.  S.  Grant, 

Major  General  U.  8.  Army,  Commanding. 

Col.  J.  C.  Kelton, 

Assistant  Adjutant-General,  Washington,  D.  C. 


Keport  of  General  Grant. 


167 


(Inclosure  No.  1.) 

Headquarters. 

Vicksburg,  Miss.,  July  3,  1863. 

Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant, 

Commanding  United  States  Forces,  etc. 

General  : I have  the  honor  to  propose  to  you  an  armistice  for 1 

hours,  with  a view  to  arranging  terms  for  the  capitulation  of  Vicksburg, 
lo  this  end.  if  agreeable  to  you.  I will  appoint  three  commissioners  to  meet 
a like  number,  to  be  named  by  yourself,  at  such  place  and  hour  to-day  as 
you  may  find  convenient. 

I make  this  proposition  to  save  the  further  effusion  of  blood,  which 
must  otherwise  be  shed  to  a frightful  extent,  feeling  myself  fully  able  to 
maintain  my  position  for  a yet  indefinite  period. 

This  communication  will  be  handed  you  under  a flag  of  truce  by  Maj. 
Gen.  J.  S.  Bowen. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

J.  C.  Pemberton, 

Lieutenant-General. 


(In closure  No.  2.) 

Headquarters  Department  of  the  Tennessee, 

In  the  Field,  Near  Vicksburg,  Miss..  July  3,  1S63. 

Lieut.  Gen.  J.  C.  Pemberton. 

Commanding  Confederate  Forces,  etc. 

General:  Your  note  of  this  date  is  just  received,  proposing  an  armis- 
tice for  several  hours,  for  the  purpose  of  arranging  terms  of  capitulation 
through  commissioners  to  be  appointed,  etc. 

The  useless  effusion  of  blood  you  propose  stopping  by  this  course  can 
be  ended  at  any  time  you  choose,  by  an  unconditional  surrender  of  the  city 
and  garrison.  Men  who  have  shown  so  much  endurance  and  courage  as 
those  now  in  Vicksburg  will  always  challenge  the  respect  of  an  adversary, 
and  I can  assure  you  will  lie  treated  with  all  the  respect  due  to  prisoners 
of  war. 

I do  not  favor  the  proposition  of  appointing  commissioners  to  arrange 
terms  of  capitulation,  because  I have  no  terms  other  than  those  indicated 
above. 

I am.  General,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant. 

U.  S.  Grant. 

Major-General. 


tin  Pemberton's  report,  “several.” 


168 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


(Inclosure  No.  3.) 

1 1 EADQUARTERS  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  TENNESSEE, 

Near  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  July  3,  1863. 

Lieut.  Gen.  J.  C.  Pemberton, 

Commanding  Confederate  Forces.  Vicksburg,  Miss.: 

General:  In  conformity  with  agreement  of  this  afternoon.  1 will  sub- 
mit the  following  proposition  for  the  surrender  of  the  city  of  Vicksburg, 
public  stores,  etc. : 

On  your  accepting  the  terms  proposed,  1 will  march  in  one  division 
as  a guard,  and  take  possession  at  8 a.m.  to-morrow.  As  soon  as  rolls  can 
be  made  out.  and  paroles  signed  by  officers  and  men.  you  will  be  allowed 
to  march  out  of  our  lines,  the  officers  taking  with  them  their  side-arms 
and  clothing,  and  the  field,  staff  and  cavalry  officers  one  horse  each.  The 
rank  and  tile  will  be  allowed  all  their  clothing,  but  no  other  property. 
If  these  conditions  are  accepted,  any  amount  of  rations  you  may  deem 
necessary  can  be  taken  from  the  stores  you  now  have,  and  also  the  nec- 
essary cooking  utensils  for  preparing  them.  Thirty  wagons  also,  counting 
two  two-horse  or  mule  teams  as  one.  will  be  allowed  to  transport  such 
articles  as  cannot  be  carried  along. 

The  same  conditions  will  be  allowed  to  all  sick  and  wounded  officers 
and  soldiers  as  fast  as  they  become  able  to  travel. 

The  paroles  for  these  latter  must  be  signed,  however,  while  officers 
are  present  authorized  to  sign  the  roll  of  prisoners. 

I am.  General,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant. 

U.  S.  Grant. 

Major-General. 


(Inclsoure  No.  4.) 

Headquarters, 

Vicksburg.  Miss..  July  3,  1863. 

Maj.  Gen.  IT.  S.  Grant, 

Commanding  United  States  Forces,  etc. : 

General:  I have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  com- 
munication of  this  date,  proposing  terms  of  capitulation  for  this  garrison 
and  post. 

In  the  main,  your  terms  are  accepted;  but  in  justice  both  to  the  honor 
and  spirit  of  my  troops,  manifested  in  the  defense  of  Vicksburg.  I have  to 
submit  the  following  amendments,  which,  if  acceded  to  by  you,  will  per- 
fect the  agreement  between  us. 

At  10  a.m.  tomorrow  I propose  to  evacuate  the  works  in  and  around 
Vicksburg,  and  to  surrender  the  city  and  garrison  under  my  command,  by 
marching  out  with  my  colors  and  arms,  stacking  them  in  front  of  my  pres- 
ent lines,  after  which  you  will  take  possession. 

Officers  to  retain  their  side-arms  and  personal  property,  and  the 
rights  and  property  of  citizens  to  be  respected. 

I am,  General,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant. 

J.  C.  Pemberton, 
fjeutena  nt-Genera  1 . 


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Site  of  Interview  between  Generals  Grant  and  Pemberton  on  the  afternoon  of  July  3,  1863. 


Report  op  General  Grant. 


171 


(Inclosure  No.  5.) 

Headquarters  Department  of  the  Tennessee, 

Before  Vicksburg.  Miss.,  July  4,  1803. 

Lieut.  Gen.  J.  C.  Pemberton, 

Commanding  Contederate  Forces,  Vicksburg,  Miss. : 

General:  I have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  oi'  your  com- 
munication of  July  3.  The  amendment  proposed  by  you  cannot  be  ac- 
ceded to  in  full.  It  will  he  necessary  to  furnish  every  officer  and  man  with 
a parole  signed  by  himself,  which,  with  the  completion  of  the  rolls  of  pris- 
oners. will  necessarily  take  some  time. 

Again.  I can  make  no  stipulations  with  regard  to  the  treatment  of 
citizens  and  their  private  property.  While  I do  not  propose  to  cause  them 
any  undue  annoyance  or  loss,  I cannot  consent  to  leave  myself  under  any 
restraint  by  stipulations.  The  property  which  officers  will  be  allowed  to 
take  with  them  will  be  as  stated  in  my  proposition  of  last  evening;  tiiat 
is.  officers  will  be  allowed  their  private  baggage  and  side-arms,  and 
mounted  officers  one  horse  each. 

If  you  mean  by  your  proposition  for  each  brigade  to  march  to  the 
front  of  the  lines  now  occupied  by  it.  and  stack  arms  at  10  a.m..  and  then 
return  to  the  inside,  and  there  remain  as  prisoners  until  properly  paroled, 
I will  make  no  objection  to  it. 

Should  no  notification  be  received  of  your  acceptance  of  my  terms  by 
0 a.m.,  I shall  regard  them  as  having  been  rejected,  and  shall  act  accord- 
ingly. Should  these  terms  be  accepted,  white  flags  should  be  displayed 
along  your  lines  to  prevent  such  of  my  troops  as  may  not  have  been  no- 
tified from  firing  upon  your  men. 

I am.  General,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

U.  S.  Grant, 
Major-General. 


(Inc-losure  No.  6.) 

Headquarters, 

Vicksburg,  Miss.,  July  4,  18C3. 

Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant, 

Commanding  United  States  Forces,  etc. ; 

General:  I have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  com- 
munication of  this  day,  and  in  reply  to  say  that  the  terms  proposed  by 
you  are  accepted. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

J.  C.  Pemberton, 
Lieutenant-General. 


1 72 


Indiana  at 


Vicksburg. 


general  summary  of  casualties  in  the  union  forces  during  the  oper- 
ations AGAINST  VICKSBURG,  MAY  1-JULY  4,  1863. 

(Compiled  from  nominal  lists  of  casualties,  returns,  etc.) 


Engagements. 


Battle  of  Port  Gibson,  Thompson’s  Hill,  or  Magnolia 

Church,  May  1 

Skirmish  on  the  South  Fork  of  Bayou  Pierre,  May  2. 
Skirmishes  on  the  North  Fork  of  Bayou  Pierre,  at 
Willow  Springs,  Ingraham’s  Heights,  Jones’  Cross- 
Roads,  Forty  Hills,  and  Hankinson’s  Ferry,  May  3. 

Engagement  at  Raymond,  May  12 

Skirmish  on  Fourteen-Mile  Creek,  May  12 

Engagement  at  Jackson,  May  14 

Battle  of  Champion's  Hill  or  Baker’s  Creek,  May  16 

Engagement  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17 

Skirmish  at  Bridgeport,  May  17 

Skirmishes  about  Vicksburg,  May  18,  20,  and  21 

Assault  on  Vicksburg,  May  19 

Assault  on  Vicksburg,  May  22 

Siege  of  Vicksburg,  May  23-July  4 

Skirmish  at  Liverpool  Landing,  Near  Yazoo  City 

May  23 

Skirmish  at  Mechanicsburg,  May  24 

Skirmish  at  Mechanicsburg,  May  29 

Skirmish  at  Mechanicsburg,  June  4 

Skirmish  at  Birdsong  Ferry,  June  12 

Skirmish  at  Birdsong  Ferry,  June  18 

Action  at  Hill’s  Plantation,  near  Bear  Creek,  June  22. . 
Skirmish  at  Edwards  Station,  July  1 


Killed. 


Wounded 


Captured 
or  Missing. 


1 

59 

6 

40 

383 

36 


675 


14 

108 

16 


40 

147 

465 

96 


14 

65 

173 

20 


322 

24 

237 

1,736 

221 

1 

180 

712 

2,377 

399 

3 
1 

4 
10 

1 


98 


1,416 


6,921 


183 

3 


2 

7 

146 


27 


443 


875 

1 


10 

442 

30 

300 

2,441 

279 

1 

239 

942 

3,199 

530 

4 

1 

4 

12 

1 

2 

47 

2 


Total 


9,362 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


A BRIEF  NARRATIVE  OF  THE  PART  TAKEN  BY  INDIANA  TROOPS 
DURING  THE  CAMPAIGN  AND  SIEGE,  MARCH  29-JULY  4,  1863. 


During  the  latter  part  of  March,  1863,  General  Grant  began  the 
concentration  of  his  forces  at  Milliken’s  Bend,  and  set  on  foot  a 
movement  to  New  Carthage,  where  he  hoped  to  effect  a passage 
across  the  Mississippi,  below  the  Vicksburg  batteries. 

McPherson  came  down  from  Lake  Providence  and  the  Yazoo 
Pass,  whither  he  had  lately  dispatched  part  of  his  corps.  Sherman 
arrived  from  Steele’s  Bayou.  Hurlbut  sent  forward  every  man  who 
could  be  spared  from  the  rear.  Boats  were  brought  from  Chicago 
and  St.  Louis. 

By  the  29th  of  March  the  roads  by  way  of  Richmond  were  con- 
sidered sufficiently  dried,  as  the  distance  was  but  about  twenty 
miles,  and  on  that  day  orders  were  issued  for  McClernand  to  move 
his  corps  without  tents,  blankets,  or  baggage  of  any  kind. 

Osterliaus  took  the  lead  with  his  division,  sending  a detachment 
in  advance  to  capture  Richmond,  reported  to  be  fortified  by  a small 
force,  and  to  explore  the  route.  The  detachment  was  under  the 
command  of  Colonel  Bennett,  formerly  Major  in  the  36th,  and 
always  an  officer  of  excellent  ability  and  character,  and  consisted  of 
the  69th  Indiana,  a section  of  artillery  and  a portion  of  the  2d  Illi- 
nois Cavalry.  Bennett  started  at  7 on  the  morning  of  the  31st, 
directed  his  course  toward  the  west,  and  gathering  up,  for  future 
necessity,  all  the  boats  he  could  find  in  the  watery  region  through 
which  his  road  led  him,  reached  Roundaway  Bayou  at  2 in  the  after- 
noon. He  dislodged  the  enemy  from  the  further  bank,  took  posses- 
sion of  Richmond,  and  from  that  point  turned  his  course  southward. 
He  was  stopped  by  a break  in  the  levee  of  Bayou  Vidal,  which,  unit- 
ing with  the  Mississippi,  encircled  New  Carthage,  and  made  ap- 
proach undesirable,  as  well  as  impossible.  The  49th  soon  came  up. 
Explorations  were  at  once  instituted  in  search  of  a clue  through 
the  maze  of  water-courses.  General  Osterhaus,  with  Captain  Gar- 
retson’s  company,  made  a voyage  on  the  Opossum  (a  gunboat  built 
by  the  69th,  and  armed  with  two  howitzers),  propelling  it  with  oars 


174 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


through  a forest  to  the  Mississippi  levee,  gained  a position  on  a plot 
of  twenty  acres,  whose  elevation  had  preserved  it  from  the  general 
overflow,  and  awaited  there  the  arrival  of  the  49th  Regiment,  and 
of  the  residue  of  the  69th.  But  neither  these  regiments  nor  any 
other  attempted  to  follow,  and  the  little  force  remained  on  the 
isolated  spot  five  days,  protecting  itself,  by  sham  artillery,  which  it 
made  from  the  smokepipes  of  the  Indianola,  and  by  its  two  real 
howitzers,  from  a threatening  gunboat  on  the  river,  and  a body  of 
rebels  at  Hard  Times,  a mile  or  two  below. 

Meantime,  General  Osterhaus,  continuing  his  explorations,  met 
General  Hovey,  also  on  a voyage  of  discovery,  with  three  men,  in  a 
skiff.  The  two  generals  compared  notes,  and  reported  a practicable 
route  round  Bayou  Vidal  to  Perkins’  plantation,  on  the  Mississippi, 
thirty-five  miles  from  Milliken’s  Bend. 

Osterhaus  and  Carr  made  roads,  as  far  as  roads  were  made,  at 
the  beginning  of  the  movement.  The  18th  Indiana  headed  Carr’s 
Division,  marching  in  single  file  on  the  levees,  with  water  on  either 
side,  or  moving  on  flatboats  and  rafts,  made  with  tedious  delay. 
Hovey ’s  division  was  in  the  rear  when  it  started,  but  passed  to  the 
right  of  Osterhaus  and  Carr  as  the  march  progressed,  and  gained 
the  van.  It  built  more  than  two  thousand  feet  of  bridging  in  four 
days,  and  cut  two  miles  of  military  road  through  an  almost  impassa- 
ble swamp,  men  working  for  hours  up  to  their  necks  in  water. 
Capt.  George  W.  Jackson,  of  the  34th  Indiana,  with  his  pioneer 
corps,  was  distinguished  in  the  herculean  labor. 

McPherson  followed  McC  lorn  and,  but  on  account  of  the  tedious 
character  of  the  march  Sherman  was  directed  to  remain  at  Milli- 
ken’s Bend  until  further  orders. 

To  carry  the  troops  across  the  river  and  to  protect  their  land- 
ing, eight  gunboats  and  three  transports  ran  the  batteries.  Al- 
though the  night  was  dark,  they  were  speech]  v discovered,  and  the 
river  was  made  lighter  than  day  by  the  glare  of  burning  houses  on 
both  shores,  while  all  the  artillery  on  both  bluffs  opened.  Nobody 
was  killed,  and  but  few  were  wounded,  though  many  of  the  boats 
were  broken  to  pieces  and  men  were  picked  up  from  pieces  of  float- 
ing wrecks. 

Another  night.  April  26,  six  unprotected  transports  made  the 
fiery  voyage.  As  had  been  the  case  with  the  former  expedition,  the 
crews  refused  to  venture,  and  their  places  were  promptly  supplied 
by  volunteers  from  the  army.  Logan’s  Division,  which  had  not  yet 
begun  the  march,  rapidly  manned  the  vessels,  our  23d  furnishing 
seventy  hands.  Men  seldom  do  a nobler  thing  than  to  volunteer  a 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


175 


dangerous  and  untried  .service,  in  addition  to  known  and  allotted 
duties  of  the  most  exacting  character. 

The  army,  meantime,  moved  down  to  Hard  Times  Landing, 
making  the  distance  traversed  from  Milliken’s  Bend  seventy  miles, 
and  there  awaited  transportation. 

General  Grant  now  endeavored  to  distract  the  attention  of  the 
rebels  while  he  should  effect  a landing  and  gain  a position  in  the 
rear  of  Vicksburg.  He  gave  directions  for  an  extended  cavalry 
raid,  and  a demonstration  in  force  on  Haynes’  Bluff.  The  former 
was  performed  by  Illinois  soldiers  under  the  lead  of  Grierson,  and 
cut  from  La  Grange,  through  the  center  of  Mississippi,  to  Baton 
Rouge.  The  latter  was  made  by  Sherman,  with  the  15th  Corps  and 
so  much  of  the  fleet  as  lay  at  the  mouth  of  the  Yazoo. 

Accepting  the  guidance  of  events  as  they  opened,  without  any 
attempt  to  hold  to  an  arbitrary  plan,  General  Grant  was  quite  suc- 
cessful in  effecting  a landing.  During  five  hours  of  the  29th  of 
April,  as  large  a portion  of  McClernand’s  Corps  as  could  be  crowded 
on  the  boats  waited  in  front  of  Grand  Gulf,  with  the  expectation  of 
assaulting  that  strong  position,  when  Admiral  Porter  should  have 
succeeded  in  silencing  its  guns.  Happily  the  guns  were  not  af- 
fected by  Porter’s  fire,  fierce,  heavy  and  well-directed  though  it  was, 
and  the  army  -was  spared  a repetition  of  the  murderous  scene  en- 
acted before  Chickasaw  Bluffs.  The  troops  debarked  and  marched 
to  a point  below,  where  they  re-embarked  and  crossed  the  river  on 
transports  and  gunboats  which  had  run  the  Grand  Gulf  guns  unin- 
jured. They  were  landed  at  Bruinsburg,  and  as  soon  as  landed 
were  supplied  with  three  days’  rations  in  their  haversacks  and 
started  toward  the  bluffs,  three  miles  inland,  where  it  was  possible 
for  the  enemy  to  make  a strong  defense.  Benton ’s  Brigade  pushed 
out  in  advance  without  waiting  for  rations,  a detail  at  the  river  fol- 
lowing after  several  hours,  each  stout-hearted  fellow  trudging  along 
under  the  broiling  sun  with  a cracker  box,  a hundred  pounds  in 
weight,  on  his  shoulders. 

Benton’s  Brigade  was  in  Carr’s  Division,  and  included  the  Indi- 
ana 8th,  Colonel  Shunk.  and  18th.  Colonel  Washburn,  and  the  1st 
Battery,  Captain  Klauss. 

Osterhaus’  Division  followed  Carr’s;  Ilovey’s  came  next  in 
order,  and  A.  J.  Smith’s  brought  up  the  rear  of  McClernand's 
Corps. 

ITovey’s  Division  w||s  more  largely  Indianian  than  any  other  in 
Grant’s  army.  In  General  McGinnis’  Brigade  were  the  11th,  Colo- 
nel Macauley ; the  21th,  Colonel  Spicely ; 34th,  dolonel  Cameron, 


176 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


and  16th,  Colonel  Bringhurst.  The  47th,  Colonel  McLaughlin,  was 
in  General  Slack’s  Brigade.  Company  C of  the  1st  Indiana  Cav- 
alry was  General  Hovey’s  escort. 

The  69tli,  Colonel  Bennett;  49th,  Colonel  Keigwin,  and  54tli, 
Colonel  Mansfield,  were  in  Osterhaus’  Division. 

In  Burbridge’s  Brigade,  of  A.  J.  Smith’s  Division,  were  the 
16tli,  60t,h  and  67th. 

Two  of  McPherson’s  divisions  followed  McClernand’s  Corps. 
His  remaining  division  joined  him  several  days  later.  The  23d, 
48th  and  59th  Indiana  were  in  McPherson’s  Corps.  The  97th  was 
also  one  of  his  regiments,  but  it  had  been  left  in  Moscow,  Tennessee. 

All  the  regimental  officers  were  on  foot,  and  continued  on  foot 
during  the  succeeding  day,  in  consequence  of  an  order  forbidding 
them  to  bring  their  horses  across  the  river.  Neither  officers  nor  men 
carried  more  than  their  blankets.  Many  had  only  a rubber  poncho. 

After  midnight,  and  about  eight  miles  from  Bruinsburg,  the 
enemy  began  to  give  evidence  that  he  was  not  unobservant,  assail- 
ing the  van  with  artillery  and  a light  infantry  fire.  Klauss  has- 
tened his  battery  to  the  front,  and  replied.  The  fire  continued  with 
something  of  the  character  of  question  and  answer  through  nearly 
two  hours,  when  there  was  an  entire  lull. 

Noah  Havens,  a scout  of  the  18th,  crept  within  the  hostile  lines, 
and  ascertained  that  the  enemy  was  withdrawing ; but  as  the  moon 
had  set,  and  it  was  quite  dark,  no  effort  was  made  to  follow.  The 
troops  rested  on  their  arms,  and  marched  again  at  daylight. 

The  march  led  through  an  exceedingly  broken  region,  down  deep 
ravines,  up  abrupt  heights,  and,  where  the  country  was  not  opened 
in  plantations,  through  heavy  timber,  tall  and  strong  wild  cane,  and 
other  tangled  underbrush.  The  roads,  however,  were  hard  and 
most  delightful  after  the  oozy  soil  of  Louisiana ; and,  in  spite  of  the 
bloody  days  they  knew  were  now  close  upon  them,  the  soldiers  were 
enraptured  with  the  luxuriance  and  splendor  of  magnolias,  olean- 
ders and  wild  roses. 

It  was  the  first  day  of  May,  and  in  the  serene  and  cool  morning 
twilight,  promised  to  be  the  loveliest  of  May  days.  But  the  sun  rose 
blazing  hot,  and  poured  his  blinding  rays  directly  in  the  face  of  the 
troops. 

The  march  was  toward  Port  Gibson,  the  possession  of  which 
would  force  the  enemy  to  evacuate  Grand  Gulf.  The  road  dividing, 
Osterhaus  advanced  on  the  left,  and  Carr,  Hovey  and  Smith  directed 
their  movement  toward  the  right.  General  Benton  still  led  the  head 
nf  Carr’s  column.  Major  Brady,  of  the  8th,  with  a company  from 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


177 


each  regiment  of  the  brigade,  skirmished  in  front  of  his  line.  Cap- 
tain Klanss  kept  all  his  guns  firing.  Following  the  enemy  from 
height  to  height,  Benton’s  troops  reached  a deep,  dark  ravine,  and 
wound  and  climbed  through  it  in  single  file.  Beyond  it  the  rebels 
made  a resolute  stand,  and  Benton  formed  line  of  battle  on  a 
ridge,  the  18th  on  his  left,  near  a little  church,  Magnolia  church;  the 
8th  on  his  right,  and  two  Illinois  regiments  in  his  center.  Firing 
grew  hot,  the  enemy  threatening,  now  the  front  and  now  the  flank, 
and,  with  a battery  directly  before  the  18th,  sweeping  the  line. 

Stone’s  Brigade  was  soon  engaged  on  Benton’s  left.  Hovey  has- 
tened forward  to  his  right,  but  restrained  by  instructions  not  to  join 
in  the  battle  until  supported  by  Smith’s,  the  hindmost  division,  he 
waited  a long  and  anxious  half  hour,  during  which  his  troops  lay 
behind  the  crest  of  the  ridge.  When  Smith  came  up,  Hovey  pushed 
forward  through  a narrow,  deep  gulch  chocked  with  vines  and  cane, 
and  as  soon  as  Slack’s  Brigade  and  the  left  of  McGinnis’  had  gained 
the  front,  Klauss  having  pointed  cut  to  him  the  rebel  battery  with 
a line  of  rebel  heads  in  its  rear,  he  gave  the  order  to  Colonel  Cam- 
eron. and  a few  moments  later,  to  the  residue  of  his  division,  to 
charge  bayonets.  The  troops  obeyed,  charging  over  fences,  pitching- 
over  logs,  tearing  through  bamboo.  Cameron’s  voice,  “Come  on,  my 
brave  boys!”  Colonel  Spicely  shouting,  “Come  on!  Come  on!”  the 
deportment  of  all  the  officers,  and  the  sight  of  the  breaking  rebel 
line,  animated  them  to  the  highest  pitch. 

Our  46th  ran  over  the  colors  of  the  23cl  Alabama.  Captain 
Charles,  of  the  18tli,  leaped  upon  a cannon  and  claimed  it  as  his 
trophy.  Amos  Nagle,  of  the  18th,  killed  the  color-bearer  of  the  15tli 
Arkansas,  and  captured  his  colors,  inscribed  all  over  with  the  names 
of  battles — “Oak  Hill,”  “Elk  Horn,”  “Corinth,”  “Hatchie 
Ridge.  ” A triumphant  shout  reverberated  among  the  hills. 

Colonel  McLaughlin,  with  the  47th,  held  a conspicuous  position 
on  the  right  of  Slack’s  Brigade,  and  after  the  charge  repeatedly  re- 
pulsed a flanking  force. 

At  last  the  whole  Confederate  line  fell  back.  Hovey ’s  Division 
paused  to  take  breath  and  to  exchange  congratulations.  The  early 
and  swift  success  was  a good  omen. 

It  was  impossible  to  pursue  the  rebels  with  rapidity,  and  when 
they  were  next  confronted,  they  were  strongly  posted  in  a creek 
bottom,  protected  by  trees  and  bushes,  and  commanding  the  ap- 
proach, which  was  over  open  fields  and  exposed  slopes.  A short 
halt  for  rest  and  water  was  followed  by  a resolute  advance;  and  a 


178 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


terrible  conflict,  lasting  an  hour  and  thirty-seven  minutes,  by  utter 
defeat  to  the  enemy. 

On  the  road  to  the  left,  General  Osterliaus,  with  the  49tli  Indi- 
ana deployed  as  skirmishers,  encountered  pickets  at  6 o’clock,  and 
soon  came  in  front  of  heavy  hostile  lines.  The  49th  charged  single- 
handed  on  a battery  and  captured  it. 

As  he  endeavored  to  push  on.  he  replaced  the  49th  by  the  120th 
Ohio,  and  the  120th  by  the  69th  Indiana.  The  last  lay  on  a ridge, 


A Bivouac  of  the  Dead. 


somewhat  isolated,  at  3 in  the  afternoon,  and  had  there  a spirited 
fight  with  an  attacking  force  of  double  its  number.  During  a 
cessation  of  the  combat,  the  69th  sang  “Rally  ’Round  the  Flag, 
Boys.”  At  length,  reinforced  by  the  49th  and  the  120th  Ohio,  it 
routed  the  opposing  force. 

Osterliaus’  column,  however,  was  too  light  for  the  force  opposed 
to  it,  and  though  he  fought  well,  he  made  little  advance  until  rein- 
forced by  a brigade  from  Logan’s  Division.  The  23d  Indiana  was 
in  Logan’s  advance,  and  engaged  the  enemy  as  soon  as  it  appeared 
on  the  field. 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


179 


The  battle  of  Port  Gibson  continued  through  the  entire  day, 
and  was  exceedingly  wearisome,  as  much  on  account  of  the  maneu- 
vering which  the  tactics  of  the  enemy  necessitated,  as  because  of 
the  severity  of  the  fight.  Many  men  in  the  24th  were  barefoot  and 
could  not  walk  without  difficulty.  They  had  been  supplied  with 
shoes  at  Helena,  but  had  already  worn  them  out.  Ill-fitted  as  it  was 
from  this  circumstance  to  move  rapidly,  the  regiment  was  hurried 
from  Hovey  to  Osterhaus,  and  from  Osterhaus  back  to  Hovey, 
crashing  through  cane,  and  at  one  time  supporting  the  29th  Wis- 
consin, under  a heavy  fire  from  a concealed  force. 

General  Burbridge  reached  the  ground  at  7 in  the  morning,  and 
forming  in  the  rear  of  Hovey,  constituted  his  reserve.  He  shifted 
ground  rapidly,  as  weak  points  presented  themselves,  and  late  in 
the  afternoon  advanced  to  the  extreme  front  and  drove  the  enemy 
from  the  last  hill  he  attempted  to  hold.  At  night,  his  brigade  sank 
down  exhausted,  not  having  had  a mouthful  of  food  since  the  pre- 
vious evening. 

The  troops  slept  on  their  arms.  In  the  morning  they  found 
their  front  clear,  the  rebels  having  retreated  across  Bayou  Pierre. 

Our  loss  in  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson  was  130  killed,  718 
wounded.  Of  these  a large  proportion  were  Indianians.  The  8th 
lost  32;  the  11th.  25;  the  23d,  25;  the  24th,  23;  the  18th,  98,  or  one- 
fifth  of  the  regiment;  the  69th,  71  ; the  46th,  43.  The  number  who 
fell  in  the  34th,  47th  and  49th  is  unknown. 

The  conduct  of  the  Indiana  troops  in  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson 
received  high  commendation.  “Indiana  continues  to  be  glorified 
in  her  sons,”  said  General  Carr  in  his  report. 

Hovey ’s  Division  suffered  a loss  of  308.  It  captured  400  pris- 
oners and  four  guns.  The  whole  number  captured  was  580  men, 
with  six  guns  and  four  flags. 

General  Grant  had  19.000  men  engaged.  The  Confederates  had 
not  8,000.  until  in  the  afternoon  they  received  reinforcements  from 
Vicksburg.  Their  positions,  however,  were  exceedingly  strong. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  second,  MeClernancl’s  troops 
pushed  on  two  miles  and  entered  Port  Gibson,  finding  it  evacuated. 
The  enemy  had  retreated  across  Bayou  Pierre,  and  burnt  the  bridge 
over  the  South  fork.  A heavy  detail  rebuilt  the  bridge,  more  than 
120  feet  long,  tearing  down  houses  for  timber,  and  working  with 
great  rapidity,  though  waist  deep  in  water.  Meanwhile,  McPher- 
son effected  a crossing  and  continued  the  pursuit,  reaching  the 
bridge  over  the  North  fork  in  time  to  extinguish  the  flames  and  save 
all  but  the  planks,  which  were  soon  relaid,  pressing  on  to  Hankin- 


180 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


son’s  Ferry  on  the  Big  Black,  fifteen  miles  from  Port  Gibson,  and 
taking  several  hundred  prisoners.  The  enemy  fell  back  with  great 
reluctance  through  a country  that  afforded  him  every  advantage. 

General  Grant  rode  in  person  to  Grand  Gulf  on  the  third,  find- 
ing that  post  also  evacuated  by  the  rebels,  and  the  naval  force  in 
possession.  Thirteen  heavy  guns,  which  it  had  been  impossible  for 
the  enemy  to  withdraw,  fell  into  his  hands.  He  now  set  himself  to 
the  task  of  gathering  up  his  strength  for  further  progress.  Since 
leaving  Milliken’s  Bend  his  army  had  marched  by  night  and  by 
day,  through  mud  and  rain  and  burning  heat.  Since  leaving 
Bruinsburg  it  had  been  constantly  engaged  in  battle  or  in  skir- 
mishing. But  it  had  not  murmured  nor  straggled,  it  was  now 
nearly  thirty  thousand  strong,  with  the  prospect  of  the  early  addi- 
tion of  Sherman’s  Corps,  and  it  had  gained  that  for  which  it  had 
been  for  five  months  ineffectually  struggling,  a foothold  in  the  rear 
of  Vicksburg.  Grierson’s  raid  had  done  all  that  was  desired  in 
distracting  the  attention  of  the  enemy.  Sherman’s  feint  had  ac- 
complished its  purpose. 

Thus  far  the  prospect  was  inexpressibly  encouraging.  But  it 
had  a very  dark  side.  General  Pemberton  was  in  Vicksburg  and 
along  the  Vicksburg  and  Jackson  railroad  with  many  thousand  men. 
General  Johnston  was  on  his  way  to  Jackson,  where  reinforcements 
were  constanly  arriving  from  the  South  and  collecting  from  the 
North  and  East.  If  Grant  met  these  forces  united,  they  might 
easily  overwhelm  him ; if  he  succeeded  in  striking  one  separate,  the 
disengaged  force  could  cut  his  line  of  communication  with  the  Mis- 
sissippi. President  Lincoln  disapproved,  and  General  Halleck  was 
opposed,  both  desiring  that  he  should  turn  his  efforts  against  Port 
Hudson.  His  subordinate  officers  were  full  of  doubt  and  mis- 
giving. Sherman,  one  of  the  most  daring,  had  offered  an  earnest 
remonstrance  before  the  expedition  started  from  Milliken’s  Bend, 
and  his  views  remained  unchanged. 

It  may  be  supposed  that  General  Grant  weighed  the  question 
well.  It  is  certain  that  he  was  resolute  in  his  determination  to  ad- 
vance. He  was  rapid  in  his  preparations.  Meantime,  the  army 
lay  on  the  Big  Black,  with  the  exception  of  strong  reconnoitering 
parties,  which  pushed  out  on  the  west  side  of  the  river,  within  six 
miles  of  Vicksburg. 

On  the  8th  of  May  Steele’s  and  Tuttle’s  Divisions  of  Sherman’s 
Corps  arrived.  The  army  immediately  began  to  move  out.  On  the 
11th  all  preliminaries  were  consummated,  and  Grant  solved  one  of 
the  greatest  difficulties,  the  question  of  defending  his  line  of  com- 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


181 


nmnication.  in  Alexander’s  style  of  cutting  the  Gordian  knot.  He 
swung  loose  from  his  base,  and,  being  supplied  with  hard  bread, 
coffee  and  salt,  became  dependent  on  the  country  for  other  rations. 
To  prevent  the  union  of  the  rebel  forces,  he  directed  his  march 
toward  the  northeast.  McClernand  had  the  right,  moving  on  a 
ridge;  McPherson  the  left,  hugging  the  Black,  and  Sherman  the 
rear,  following  on  both  roads.  In  Sherman’s  Corps  were  the  83d 
and  93d  Indiana. 

The  enemy  fell  back,  lightly  skirmishing,  until  the  12th,  when, 
two  miles  south  of  Raymond,  General  Gregg,  with  artillery  and  in- 
fantry, about  5,000  strong,  took  a positive  stand.  His  artillery,  on 
an  elevation,  commanded  the  approach,  and  his  infantry  was  wholly 
hidden  by  a thick  woods  bordering  a small  stream. 

The  relative  position  of  Grant’s  Corps  had  changed,  and  Mc- 
Pherson was  now  on  the  right.  In  his  advance  was  Logan,  and  in 
Logan’s  advance  was  the  23d  Indiana,  under  the  command  of  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  Davis.  Logan  moved  briskly  to  meet  the  fire  of  the 
enemy.  The  fight  which  followed  was  severe.  It  lasted  two  hours 
and  a half,  and  threatened  at  one  time  to  be  disastrous,  but  was, 
in  the  end.  a complete  victory.  The  First  Brigade  of  Crocker’s 
Division,  in  which  were  the  48th  and  59t,h  Indiana,  reached  the 
ground  just  in  time  to  lend  wings  to  the  already  flying  rebels.  The 
48th  took  position  under  a shower  of  shot  and  shell,  which  wounded 
several,  but  killed  none.  The  23d  went  into  the  field  375  strong, 
rank  and  file,  and  lost  132,  18  killed  87  wounded  and  27  captured ; 
nevertheless  it  maintained  its  place  in  the  line  of  battle.  The  en- 
tire loss  was  442.  The  rebels  lost  405,  killed  and  wounded,  and  415 
captured.  General  Grant  called  the  battle  of  Raymond  one  of  the 
hardest  small  battles  of  the  war. 

Resting  that  night  in  Raymond,  McPherson  resumed  the  march 
early  the  next  morning,  through  Clinton,  and  destroying  the  rail- 
road. Sherman  advanced  at  the  same  time  on  the  direct  road  from 
Raymond.  Their  movements  were  so  timed  as  to  enable  them  to 
press  simultaneously  upon  Jackson  from  the  southwest.  On  the 
14th.  they  were  marching  vigorously  in  the  midst  of  pouring  rain, 
when  several  pieces  of  artillery,  advantageously  posted,  gave  notice 
that  Jackson  was  not  to  be  tamely  surrendered.  The  1st  and  2d 
Brigades  of  Crocker’s  Division,  which  was  in  McPherson’s  ad- 
vance, immediately  took  position,  distant  about  one  mile  from  the 
rebel  line  of  battle.  The  48th  was  posted  near  the  right  of  the  line, 
in  a cornfield.  The  59th  was  on  the  extreme  right.  Thick  and  fast 
came  shells  and  balls,  but,  as  for  the  most  part  they  passed  harm- 


182 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


lesslv  over,  they  were  only  a subject  of  merriment  to  the  brave  men. 
who  were  anxiously  awaiting  the  order  to  advance.  Soon  it  came. 
With  fixed  bayonets,  they  moved  to  the  charge.  Drenched  to  the 
skin,  and  weary  with  marching  over  miry  and  slippery  roads,  they 
nevertheless  went  forward  on  double-quick,  shout  answering  shout 
throughout  the  line.  Passing  over  one  hill,  they  rapidly  began  the 
ascent  of  another,  on  which  the  enemy  was  posted,  dashing  to  the 
ground  fences  that  intervened,  and  never  flinching  under  a leaden 
hail.  They  gained  the  heights.  The  enemy  broke  and  fleck  They 
pursued  into  Jackson.  The  skirmishers  of  the  59th  Indiana,  under 
Captain  Simpson,  were  the  first  to  enter  the  city,  and  the  tattered 
flag  of  the  59th  was  the  first  to  wave  over  the  capitol  of  Mississippi. 

The  same  night  Sherman  reached  the  city,  having  broken  the 
force  below  him  by  pressing  both  the  front  and  the  left  flank. 

McPherson’s  loss  in  his  fight  before  Jackson  was  265.  He  in- 
dicted a loss  of  845  upon  the  enemy,  seventeen  pieces  of  artillery 
and  a large  amount  of  army  stores. 

General  Grant,  who  accompanied  Sherman  to  Jackson,  faced 
about  the  next  morning,  moving  McPherson’s  Corps  along  the  line 
of  the  railroad  towards  Edwards  Station,  which  is  half  way  be- 
tween Vicksburg  and  Jackson,  and  ordering  McClernancl,  who, 
with  Blair’s  Division,  was  now  in  the  vicinity  of  Raymond,  in  the 
same  direction.  The  sudden  turn  was  due  to  intelligence  whit'll 
Grant  had  received  that  General  Johnston  had,  on  the  day  of  his 
retreat  from  Jackson,  the  14th,  ordered  Pemberton  to  move  with  all 
the  force  he  could  muster,  at  least  25,000  men,  upon  Grant’s  rear. 

On  the  evening  of  the  15th,  Pemberton,  having  become,  aware 
of  the  loss  of  Jackson  and  the  retreat  of  Johnston,  and  having 
already  freed  himself  of  encumbrances  by  sending  his  train  back 
to  Vicksburg,  took  up  an  immensely  strong  position  a few  miles 
east  of  Edwards’  Station.  His  line  was  about  four  miles  long.  His 
left,  and  the  key  to  his  position,  was  on  Champion’s  Hill,  which 
rises  sixty  to  seventy  feet  above  the  surrounding  country.  Its  bald 
top  afforded  his  artillery  a wide  sweep,  while  its  wooded  and  pre- 
cipitous sides  threatened  to  hold  entangled  an  advancing  force. 

General  Grant  immediately  sent  back  for  Sherman,  whom  he 
had  left  in  Jackson  to  destroy  the  railroad  and  rolling  stock,  in 
order  to  prevent  the  possible  use  of  that  place  in  the  future  for  the 
concentration  of  forces  in  his  rear;  he  ordered  McPherson,  who  was 
moving  north  of  the  Vicksburg  road  and  parallel  to  it.  and  Mc- 
Clernand,  who  was  southeast  with  Blair,  Carr  and  Osterhaus,  to 
hasten  up;  and  directed  Hovey,  who  was  sweeping  on  toward  the 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


183 


enemy’s  center,  and  not  far  from  it,  with  right  and  left  unpro- 
tected. to  hold  off.  McPherson  found  no  difficulty  in  carrying  his 
order  into  effect.  McClernand  met  with  some  detention.  Ilovey 
was  already  and  inevitably  within  the  outer  limits  of  the  maelstrom 
of  battle. 

It  was  about  9 in  the  morning,  and  while  his  skirmishers  were 
engaged  with  the  enemy’s  pickets,  that  Ilovey  formed  his  line, 
McGinnis  on  his  right.  Slack  on  his  left.  The  skirmishers  grad- 
ually drew  together ; their  firing,  from  being  warm  at  intervals,  be- 
came incessant.  It  was  necessarily  supported  by  the  masses  on 
either  side.  Against  Ilovey  were  two  or  three  times  his  number, 
yet  he  persisted  in  crossing  two  cornfields,  and  in  ascending  an 
open  slope,  and  he  succeeded  in  pushing  the  rebels  from  their  first 
line  of  protecting  woods.  lie  was  nobly  seconded  by  his  subordi- 
nate officers;  as  they  were  by  their  men.  Seldom,  perhaps  never, 
was  a battle  more  earnestly  fought.  Vicksburg,  so  long  striven 
for,  was  understood  to  hang  in  the  balance  of  this  day,  as  it  was 
the  garrison  of  the  city  which  contested  the  field.  Two  batteries 
were  captured — the  lltli  Indiana  and  the  29th  Wisconsin,  with  a 
desperate  struggle,  taking  one.  and  the  46th  assisting  in  the  cap- 
ture of  the  other. 

McPherson,  shortly  after  the  opening  of  the  contest,  reached  the 
ground.  He  advanced  one  brigade  after  another  of  Crocker’s  Di- 
vision to  Ilovey ’s  support,  while  with  Logan’s  Division  he  fell  upon 
the  enemy’s  left  and  threatened  his  rear.  If  Carr,  Osterhaus  and 
Blair  had  come  up  on  the  right,  according  to  orders,  Hovey  would 
not  have  found  the  pressure  on  his  front  more  than  he  was  able  to 
bear.  Even  without  them  he  stood  and  withstood,  bravely  ad- 
vancing and  skilfully  retreating,  until  the  sun,  in  the  east  when 
the  battle  was  joined,  declined  toward  the  western  horizon. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Swaim,  of  the  34th  Indiana,  fell  mortally 
wounded,  and  with  Colonel  Macauley,  who  was  dangerously 
wounded,  was  carried  from  the  field. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Barter,  of  the  24tli,  seizing  the  falling  colors 
of  his  regiment,  was  shot  in  his  right  arm. 

When  out  of  ammunition,  the  men  of  several  regiments  in 
Slack’s  and  McGinnis’  Brigades  supplied  themselves  from  the 
cartridge-boxes  of  their  dead  and  wounded  comrades. 

It  is  impossible  to  enumerate  the  brave  deeds  which  were  done, 
or  the  brave  men  who  fell.  Men  and  officers  all,  and  equally,  did 
their  duty. 


184 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Ilovey's  troops  swayed,  rising  and  falling  like  a sea  lashing  the 
shore;  receding  at  last,  though  temporarily,  before  overpowering- 
force.  and  leaving  the  captured  guns,  spiked,  behind.  Iiovey 
turned  his  backward  movement  to  the  best  account,  to  triumph, 
indeed,  by  massing  his  artillery  on  high  ground  at  his  right  and 
raining  on  the  rushing  Rebels  an  enfilading  fire.  The  advancing 
host  was  checked.  One  more  charge  was  made  upon  it.  Exultant 
cheers  proclaimed  the  success  of  that  last  desperate  onset  and  the 


View  from  Connecting  Ivenue. 

Showing  Place  where  the  “Cincinnati”  Sank,  and  the  Canal  through  which  the  Yazoo  River  now 

Runs  into  Lake  Centennial. 

proud  delight  of  the  victors.  Then  they  were  withdrawn.  Hovey 
rode  along  their  thinned  and  broken  ranks  as  they  rested.  He 
stopped  in  front  of  his  old  regiment,  the  24th,  missing  many  a 
familiar  face.  “Where  are  the  rest  of  my  boys?”  “They  are 
lying  over  there,”  replied  the  men  to  whom  he  spoke,  pointing  to 
the  hollow  across  which  the  division  had  rushed  forth  and  back 
according  as  it  drove  or  was  driven,  and  had  at  last  made  the  de- 
cisive charge.  General  Hovey  turned  his  horse  and  rode  away 
weeping. 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


185 


The  Rebel  retreat  was  hastened  into  flight  by  the  timely,  though 
hard  won.  success  of  McPherson,  who.  charging  through  ravines 
and  over  hills,  gained  the  road  in  the  rear  of  Pemberton’s  left  and 
threatened  to  cut  him  off  from  Vicksburg.  As  it  was,  he  separated 
General  Loring’s  command  from  the  main  force  and  sent  it  on  a 
wide  march  around  the  Union  army  to  Jackson. 

Carr’s  and  Osterhaus’s  divisions  of  McClernand’s  Corps,  newly 
arrived  and  waiting  on  the  Raymond  road  for  orders,  advanced  as 
soon  as  the  Confederates  turned  to  retreat  and  chased  them  as  fast 
as  the  men  could  run  until  after  dark. 

The  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill  was  the  hardest  fought  battle  of 
the  campaign  and  the  most  important,  as  it  definitely  and  forever 
separated  the  forces  of  Pemberton  and  Johnston. 

Hovey’s  Division  bore  the  brunt  of  the  fighting  and  suffered 
nearly  half  the  entire  loss,  losing  1,202  men,  or  one  from  every 
three,  and  59  officers.  The  same  division  captured  700  men  and 
3 batteries. 

The  Indiana  loss  was  as  follows : 

The  11th,  167.  28  of  whom  were  killed;  2Jtli,  201:  several  com- 
panies in  the  11th  and  24th  lost  more  than  half;  34tli,  69;  47tli. 
140 ; 48tli,  38 ; 59th,  10 : 23d,  18.  The  46th  took  into  action  but 
350  men,  of  whom  it  lost  84  in  killed  and  wounded.  The  flag  of 
this  regiment  was  riddled  with  balls. 

Several  of  the  16th  and  69th  were  wounded  in  the  pursuit. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Darnall  had  command  of  the  11th  after 
Macauley  was  carried  from  the  field.  Spicelv,  Cameron,  Bring- 
hurst  and  McLaughlin  were  all  unhurt,  although  under  the  hottest 
of  the  fire  from  three  to  five  hours. 

Grant  had  about  15,000  men  engaged  in  the  battle  and  Pember- 
ton had  nearly  25,000. 

In  the  flight  Pemberton’s  troops  were  scattered  and  demoral- 
ized. and  Grant’s  pursuing  force  was  superior  in  number  as  well 
as  in  spirit.  McPherson’s  Corps  and  Carr’s  and  Osterhaus’s  Di- 
visions pushed  on  until  eight  o’clock  in  the  evening. 

Hovey’s  tired  heroes  slept  on  the  bloody  field. 

Shortly  after  daylight  the  next  morning,  the  17th,  the  enemy 
was  found  posted  for  resistance,  his  main  force  west  of  the  Big- 
Black,  on  a high  bluff,  and  a brigade  on  the  east  behind  earthworks 
along  a semi-circular  bayou  which  flows  into  the  river  shortly  after 
flowing  out.  Carr’s  Division  led  McClernand’s  Corps.  Benton’s 
Brigade  was  in  advance  of  Carr,  and  the  8tli  Indiana  was  at  the 


186 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


head  of  the  brigade.  There  were  no  ravines  to  give  shelter  to 
sharpshooters,  but  thick  groves,  of  which  the  Rebels  took  advan- 
tage, falling  back,  however,  behind  their  bayou  and  steadily  await- 
ing an  onset  there.  It  came  sooner  than  they  could  have  expected, 
and  with  irresistible  impetus.  While  Carr’s  front  kept  up  a regu- 
lar fire,  artillery  pouring  in  rapid  volleys,  his  right  brigade,  Law- 
ler’s, 150  of  its  men  falling  by  the  way  without  checking  its  sweep, 
reached  the  bayou,  plunged  into  the  stagnant  water,  went  at  the 
Rebels  with  fixed  bayonets  and  forced  them  to  surrender  or  fly. 
The  Rebel  officers  ordered,  exhorted  and  threatened  to  no  purpose. 

The  panic-stricken  fugitives,  who  first  gained  a footing  on  the 
further  side,  fired  the  railroad  bridge  and  a hastily  constructed 
bridge  of  steamboats.  Officers  aud  men  less  fortunate  sprang  pell- 
mell  into  the  stream,  large  numbers  sinking  to  rise  no  more.  A 
whole  brigade  surrendered  in  the  trenches.  In  all  1,500  men  sur- 
rendered, with  eighteen  guns  and  several  thousand  stand  of  arms. 

General  Grant’s  entire  loss  in  the  Black  River  Bridge  fight  was 
279. 

Prom  Bruinsburg  to  Black  River  General  Hovey’s  Division  lost 
more  men  and  took  more  prisoners  and  material  of  war  than  any 
other  division.  Its  captures  almost  equaled  those  of  all  the  rest 
of  the  army,  as  did  also  its  losses. 

To  ascertain  whether  the  river  was  passable  four  bold  fellows 
from  the  8th  plunged  in  and  swam  across  under  a shower  of  bul- 
lets. The  fire  of  their  comrades  protected  their  return. 

Floating  bridges  were  built  during  the  night.  McClernand  and 
McPherson  pushed  on  the  next  day,  meeting  no  resistance,  finding 
constant  proofs  of  the  demoralization  of  the  enemy  and  hoping  to 
enter  Vicksburg  with  him  or  close  after  him. 

Meantime  Sherman,  having  struck  out  to  the  right,  crossed  the 
Big  Black  at  Bridgeport  on  a pontoon  and  marched  toward  the 
Yazoo.  At  noon  he  stood  on  the  very  bluff  which  had  so  terribly 
repulsed  him  six  months  before,  and  seeing  for  the  first  time  the 
wisdom  of  General  Grant’s  plan  acknowledged  it.  “This  is  a cam- 
paign,” he  declared;  “this  is  a success  if  we  never  take  the  town.” 

General  Grant,  who  was  at  his  side,  made  no  reply,  as  free  from 
elation  now  as  he  was  from  despondency  in  the  dreary  months  of 
the  past. 

The  army  was  not  able  to  press  into  Vicksburg  on  the  heels  of 
the  retiring  enemy;  but  by  the  19th  of  May  it  as  nearly  invested 
the  city  as  its  strength  would  permit,  Sherman’s  corps  lying  on 
the  right,  McPherson’s  in  the  center  and  McClernand ’s  on  the  left. 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


187 


Allowing  no  time  for  the  recuperation  of  Pemberton  or  for  the 
advance  of  Johnston,  who,  with  large  reinforcements,  was  close  at 
hand,  General  Grant  at  two  o’clock  in  the  afternoon  moved  to  a 
general  assault.  His  left  and  center  succeeded  simply  in  getting 
good  positions  nearer  the  works  with  little  loss.  Sherman  engaged 
in  severe  battle,  Blair’s  Division  struggled  under  fire  through 
rugged  ravines  which  were  choked  with  standing  and  felled  tim- 
ber, and  three  of  his  regiments,  one  of  which  was  the  83d  Indiana, 
gained  the  exterior  slope  of  the  Rebel  earthworks  only  to  be  with- 
drawn at  night. 

During  twenty  days  the  troops  had  but  five  days’  rations  and 
the  gleanings  of  the  country.  They  now  received  supplies  which 
Admiral  Porter  brought  up  the  Yazoo  and  landed  near  Haines’s 
bluff. 

Neither  General  Grant  nor  his  army  was  willing  to  sit  down  to 
the  regular  and  tedious  approaches  of  a siege  until  another  assault 
had  been  attempted.  His  soldiers,  it  is  said,  “felt  as  if  they  could 
march  straight  through  Vicksburg  and  up  to  their  waists  in  the 
Mississippi  without  resistance.”  Accordingly  roads  were  con- 
structed, cannon  were  planted  and  all  necessary  preparations  were 
rapidly  made.  The  hour  was  set  at  ten  in  the  forenoon  of  Friday 
the  22d.  Orders  were  given  for  columns  of  attack  to  advance  with 
fixed  bayonets  and  without  firing  a gun  till  they  had  stormed  the 
outer  works. 

During  Thursday  night  and  until  nearly  noon  of  Friday  Ad- 
miral Porter  kept  six  mortars  filing  into  the  city,  and  much  of  the 
time  engaged  the  batteiies  along  the  river  with  his  gunboats.  At 
three  o’clock  in  the  morning  all  the  batteries  of  the  besiegers 
opened  and  a tremendous  cannonade  began.  Fire  girdled  and 
lashed  the  city.  Smoke  hovered  over  and  dropped  down  upon  it. 
Unbroken,  overwhelming  roars  shook  it  to  its  center  and  rocked 
hills  and  waters. 

At  ten  the  cannonade  ceased ; a sixty-four  pounder  pealed  forth 
a signal : the  troops  on  right,  left  and  center  moved  with  stern  faces 
and  swift  steps  from  under  cover  toward  redoubts,  bastions,  pits 
and  forts  in  which  the  Rebels  were  well  sheltered  and  were  keenly 
on  the  alert.  Steele,  on  Sherman’s  right  and  resting  upon  the 
Mississippi,  rose  over  hills  and  plunged  into  gullies,  advancing  with 
desperate  fighting.  Sharpshooters  skirmished  in  front  of  Blair’s 
Division,  which  was  a half  mile  to  the  left  of  Steele’s;  a storming 
party — a forlorn  hope — carried  rails  to  bridge  the  ditch;  Ewing’s 
Brigade,  Giles  Smith’s  and  Kilby  Smith’s  followed,  and  for  a lit- 


188 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


tie  while,  under  the  partial  shelter  of  the  road  and  the  protection 
of  live  batteries,  which  concentrated  their  fire  on  a bastion  com- 
manding- the  approach,  made  rapid  progress.  Suddenly  the  head 
of  the  column  came  under  a terrific  fire  and  was  fairly  beaten  down. 
But  Ewing’s  Brigade  pressed  on.  crossed  the  ditch,  climbed  the 
outer  slope  of  a bastion  which  commanded  the  approach  and  set 
its  colors  on  the  outside  of  the  parapet.  Giles  Smith’s  Brigade 
swerved  to  the  left,  and,  finding  or  making  cover,  formed  line  three 
hundred  yards  to  the  left  of  the  bastion.  Kilbv  Smith  also  found 
a good  position  and  fired  on  every  head  peering  above  the  parapet. 
Giles  Smith,  with  Ransom,  of  McPherson’s  Corps,  attempted  at  last 
to  storm  the  parapet.  They  were  repulsed  with  fearful  loss. 

Of  McPherson’s  Corps  Ransom  had  the  right,  in  ravines,  Bogan 
was  in  the  center,  on  the  main  Jackson  road,  and  Quinby  had  the 
left,  also  in  ravines.  Their  assault  was  not  less  daring,  nor  bloody, 
nor  vain. 

A.  J.  Smith  was  on  Quinby ’s  left.  Carr  joined  Smith’s  left. 
Osterhaus  was  next,  ITovey  was  still  further  to  the  left,  McCler- 
nand’s  advance  was  comparatively  steady  and  continuous,  but  not 
the  less  was  it  also  a bloody  failure. 

Lawler’s  and  Landrum’s  Brigades  at  the  first  rush  carried 
ditch,  slope  and  bastion,  a dozen  men  even  gaining  the  interior  of 
one  of  the  forts. 

Burbridge  wound  along  a hollow,  up  a ridge,  crossed  the  ditch 
and  climbed  the  slope  of  a strong  earthwork,  planting  his  colors  on 
the  left  and  standing  side  by  side  with  Benton. 

General  Benton,  cn  the  extreme  right  of  McClernand’s  corps 
and  on  the  right  of  the  Jackson  railroad,  marched  to  the  attack 
with  steady  tread  and  compressed  lips. 

His  regiments,  the  18th  in  reserve,  moved  by  the  flank  along  a 
hollow  which  ran  directly  to.  the  fort.  AVhen  about  half  way  up 
they  turned  and  passed  over  the  ridge  on  the  left,  receiving  a kill- 
ing fire  of  musketry  and  cannister.  “Come  on,  my  brave  33d,  I 
will  lead  you!”  shouted  Colonel  Slnink  as  he  saw  the  field  officers 
of  the  33d  Illinois  had  fallen  and  that  the  regiment  was  without  a 
loader.  At  the  word  the  faltering  33d  sprang  forward  and,  with 
the  8th,  came  within  fifty  yards  of  the  fort. 

Scarcely  ten  minutes  from  the  moment  of  starting  had  elapsed 
when  the  18th  was  ordered  in  advance.  The  men  pressed  forward 
with  hounding  steps,  turning  neither  to  the  right  nor  left,  and 
proudly  bearing  the  battle  flag  from  height  to  height.  The  gallant 


Tile  Indiana  Soedier  at  Vicksburg. 


189 


Washburn  led  directly  to  the  tort,  from  whose  embrasures  torrents 
of  death  poured  and  over  whose  ramparts  a serried  line  of  bayonets 
glittered.  Fifty  men  on  the  right  of  the  regiment  rushed  into  the 
deep,  wide  ditch,  while  the  remainder  crowded  up  to  its  edge,  Sergt. 
Francis  M.  Foss  planting  the  colors  there.  Over  the  ramparts  and 
into  the  embrasures  they  poured  an  incessant  fire.  The  fort  was 
silenced. 

Meanwhile  the  fifty  men  in  the  ditch  found  they  could  get  out 
on  neither  side,  and  wrote  a line  to  that  effect,  wrapping  the  paper 
around  a lump  of  earth  and  throwing  it  over  to  their  comrades. 
An  answer  was  written  on  the  same  paper  and  thrown  back,  while 
a trench  into  the  ditch  was  commenced  as  soon  as  the  tools  could 
be  obtained.  A third  line  was  added  by  the  men  in  the  ditch  with 
the  intelligence  that  they  were  making  steps  with  their  bayonets 
by  which  they  could  effect  an  escape,  and  again  the  paper  was 
thrown  up.  It  fell  at  the  feet  of  a man  who  was  unaware  of  the 
previous  communication.  Supposing  it  to  be  a taunt  from  the  fort, 
he  instantly  hurled  it  over  to  the  Rebels.  Soon  round  shells  with 
lighted  fuses,  rolled  from  the  top  of  the  fort  into  the  ditch,  an- 
nounced that  the  Rebels  had  read  the  dispatches.  But  fortunately 
the  bayonet  steps  were  completed  and  the  men  were  already  clam- 
bering out. 

To  the  joy  of  Benton  and  Burb ridge,  Crocker,  with  two  bri- 
gades, came  to  their  relief  shortly  before  dark,  marching  directly 
in  the  face  and  fire  of  the  enemy  and  over  multitudes  of  dead  and 
dying.  But  the  Rebels,  relieved  at  other  points,  had  massed  their 
forces  here,  and  all  that  could  be  done  was  to  guard  against  a 
charge  by  digging  a rifle  pit  across  the  road,  running  around  the 
right  of  the  fort ; by  keeping  up  an  incessant  fire  till  darkness  would 
give  an  opportunity  to  retire.  A piece  of  artillery  was  dragged  up 
the  hollow  by  a long  rope  and  planted  within  a few  yards  of  the 
large  embrasure  in  the  corner  of  the  fort,  into  which  it  hurled  shell 
after  shell.  The  Rebels,  much  annoyed,  rolled  a bale  of  cotton  into 
the  embrasure.  The  18th  set  the  cotton  on  fire  by  sending  with 
each  ball  a wad  of  tow,  with  which  almost  every  man  had  provided 
himself  from  the  artillery  cartridge  boxes  for  the  purpose  of  wiping 
out  his  gun.  The  bale  was  rolled  away  and  the  interior  of  the  fort 
again  exposed. 

Meantime,  in  a renewed  assault  made  by  the  center  and  right  to 
distract  the  forces  concentrating  on  McClernand,  Steele  was  se- 
verely repulsed,  although  not  driven  from  the  hillside  beneath  the 


190 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Rebel  parapet ; Tuttle  succeeded  in  placing  his  colors  on  the  works 
in  a line  with  Blair,  and  McPherson  could  make  no  progress.  On 
the  extreme  left  Osterhaus  and  Iiovey  assaulted  and  were  repulsed. 

Never  was  night  and  never  were  clouds  and  rain  more  welcome. 
Under  their  friendly  cover  and  coolness  the  assailants  slowly  with- 
drew, leaving  nearly  3,000  wounded  and  dead  who  could  not  he 
carried  from  the  field. 


Confederate  Howitzer  in  the  Foreground;  I nion  Line  in  the  Background; 
Mint  Spring  Bayou  Between  the  Two  Lines. 


The  8th  Indiana  lost  117.  Among  its  slain  were  three  captains 
— O’Daniel,  Wysong  and  Vandevender. 

Maj.  John  C.  Jencks,  of  the  18th,  acting  as  chief  of  Benton’s 
staff,  while  waving  his  sword  and  cheering  his  comrades  onward, 
received  a rifle  shot  in  the  thigh,  from  the  effects  of  which  he  died 
a few  days  afterward,  regretted  by  all  for  his  excellence  as  an 
officer  and  a man. 

The  69th  lost  twelve.  Maj.  John  IT.  Finley  and  Lieut.  Henry 
Stratton  were  mortally  wounded. 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


191 


The  67  th  lost  twenty-nine. 

The  59th,  which  was  attached  to  Boomer's  Brigade  until  Crocker 
moved  to  the  relief  of  Bnrbridge  and  Benton,  lost  111. 

General  Grant  had  been  under  a misapprehension  in  regard  to 
the  number  and  spirit  of  Pemberton’s  force,  occasioned  by  the 
rapidity  and  disorder  of  its  retreat  from  Black  river.  That  force 
was  now  most  formidable.  Falling  back  through  the  fortifications 
of  Vicksburg  and  taking  position  behind  them,  it  had  been  com- 
forted and  inspirited  by  the  extraordinary  aspect  of  strength  dis- 
played both  by  the  natural  and  artificial  defenses.  Reinforced  also 
by  8.000  fresh  troops  who  had  remained  in  the  city,  it  now  amounted 
to  upward  of  30.000.  slightly  outnumbering  the  army  which  at- 
tempted the  assault. 

Grant’s  troops  were  the  better  satisfied  to  make  slow  and  cau- 
tions advances,  as  the  situation  was  not  unhealthy  and  not  by  any 
means  the  most  disagreeable  of  their  experience. 

Sparkling  springs,  pleasant  breezes  and  the  cool  shades  of  the 
forest  refreshed  all  the  camps. 

The  corps  retained  their  relative  positions — McPherson  in  the 
center,  on  either  hand  Sherman  and  McClernand.  In  the  course 
of  the  siege  McClernand  was  superseded  by  General  Orel.  The 
Rebel  center  was  commanded  by  Forney,  its  right  by  Stevenson 
anel  its  left  by  Bowen.  Pemberton  was  ill  prepared  for  a siege. 
He  had  rations  for  not  more  than  thirty  days,  one  meal  a day,  and 
but  a small  amount  of  ammunition.  Nevertheless  he  declared  that 
he  would  hold  out  until  the  last  pound  of  beef,  bacon  and  fiour, 
the  last  grain  of  corn,  the  last  cow,  and  hog,  and  horse,  and  dog 
should  be  consumed,  and  the  last  man  should  perish  in  the  trenches. 
Moreover,  he  was  powerfully  supported  by  his  superior  officer,  Gen- 
eral Johnston,  who  soon  had  a force  of  20,000  or  25,000  at  Canton 
and  Jackson,  and  still  received  reinforcements. 

Thus  General  Grant,  lying  between  two  large  hostile  armies, 
required  immediate  and  strong  reinforcements.  He  never  suffered 
for  lack  of  men  if  men  could  be  obtained,  and  be  now  pressed  into 
his  investing  line  or  formed  into  a reserve  to  watch  the  movements 
of  Johnston  not  only  all  the  troops  which  could  be  drawn  from 
other  points  in  his  department,  but  all  that  his  necessity  could 
wring  out  of  the  departments  of  other  commanders. 

On  the  24th  of  May  Bauman’s  Division  of  Washburn ’s  Corps, 
with  four  additional  regiments,  arrived  and  went  into  position  on 
the  south  side  of  the  city. 


192 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


General  Kimball,  who,  after  Recovering  from  the  wound  received 
in  the  assault  on  Fredericksburg,  was  appointed  to  the  command  of 
Washburn’s  third  division  and  assigned  to  the  district  of  Jackson, 
was  ordered  to  the  Yazoo,  which  he  reached  the  3d  of  June.  He 
went  up  to  Satartia,  whence  with  two  brigades  lie  marched  to  Me- 
chanicsburg,  where  he  had  a successful  engagement  with  a large 
force  of  the  enemy.  Repeated  dispatches  from  Grant  warned  him 
against  venturing  to  such  a distance  as  to  endanger  his  rear,  and, 
finding  the  troops  he  had  driven  reinforced  by  a large  body  of 
cavalry,  Kimball  fell  back  to  Haynes’  Bluff. 

On  the  8th  another  division  under  Gen.  Sooy  Smith  arrived 
from  Memphis  and  was  ordered  to  Haynes’  Bluff,  where  also  two 
of  Burnside’s  divisions  were  posted  on  their  arrival.  General  Her- 
ron’s Division  arrived  from  Missouri  on  the  11th  and  was  stationed 
on  the  left  of  Lauman,  completing  the  line  of  investment. 

These  reinforcements  increased  Grant’s  army  to  75,000.  One- 
half  remained  in  the  trenches;  the  other  half  formed  a corps  of 
observation.  It  was  like  a double-edged  sword,  or  rather  like  a 
sword  which  turned  every  way. 

Sherman,  in  command  of  Haynes’  Bluff,  lengthened  and 
strengthened  his  line  of  defense  until  it  extended  from  the  Yazoo 
to  the  Big  Black.  As  occasion  demanded  he  added  to  his  force  Bau- 
man’s Division,  a division  from  McPherson’s  Corps  and  one  from 
his  own  corps,  and  abundantly  obeyed  the  order  to  “whip  John- 
ston, fifteen  miles  off.’’ 

The  Indiana  troops  included  in  Sherman’s  force  at  Haynes’ 
Bluff  and  in  the  defense  of  the  rear  of  the  besiegers  were  the  12th, 
Lieutenant  Colonel  Goodnow,  Colonel  Kempton  having  resigned  on 
account  of  his  health,  though  too  late  for  its  restoration ; 100th, 
Colonel  Stoughton ; 99th,  Colonel  Fowler,  and  6th  Battery,  Cap- 
tain Mueller,  in  Smith’s  Division,  and  the  53d,  Colonel  Gresham, 
in  Lauman ’s  Division.  The  97th,  Colonel  Catterson,  separated  from 
its  proper  corps,  General  McPherson’s,  remained  on  duty  in  Mis- 
souri until  it  joined  Sherman ’s  force. 

The  siege  was  conducted  vigorously.  Forts  were  erected,  bat- 
teries were  planted  and  breastworks  were  advanced  quite  near  the 
Rebel  works.  Sharpshooting,  for  a time  exercised  only  in  the  day, 
soon  ceased  neither  day  nor  night,  and  reached  such  a degree  of 
accuracy  that  in  one  instance  a hat  placed  on  a stick  and  held  above 
a wall  was  pierced  by  fifteen  bullets  in  two  minutes.  The  mortars 
on  the  peninsula  opposite  Vicksburg  after  they  opened,  which  was 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


193 


at  an  early  date  in  the  siege,  threw  every  twenty-four  hours  10.000 
mortar  shells  into  and  over  the  city.  The  pick,  the  spade  and  the 
harrow  were  in  as  lively  requisition,  and  were  used  to  as  deadly 
purpose  as  the  recognized  instruments  of  war,  roads  being  opened, 
covered  ways  made,  the  regular  approaches  of  a siege  constructed 
and  mines  built.  During  the  siege  eighteen  miles  of  trenches  were 
dug  and  eighty-nine  batteries  were  constructed,  the  guns  being 
moved  forward  from  the  rear  as  the  troops  pushed  up. 

The  enemy’s  activity  was  also  sleepless.  His  cannonading  was 
not  alarming,  as  his  ammunition  was  scarce,  but  he  countermined 
and  picked  off  with  the  sharpshooter’s  rifle  every  visible  head.  So 
ceaseless  was  the  rain  of  fire  on  the  extreme  left  that  the  26th  In- 
diana. posted  there,  after  entering  advanced  trenches  was  unable 
to  leave  them  for  seventeen  days.  Firing  all  day,  digging  all  night 
and  sleeping  only  by  snatches,  this  regiment  was  worn  out  at  the 
end  of  the  time,  and  of  800  healthy,  cheerful  men  who  came  from 
Missouri  but  100  were  fit  for  duty.  In  all  the  regiments  constant 
labor  in  the  trenches,  frequent  picket  duty  and  sharpshooting,  to- 
gether with  the  excessive  heat  of  the  day  and  the  heavy  dews  of 
the  night,  caused  much  sickness  toward  the  latter  part  of  June. 

The  western  hounds  of  the  besieging  army,  from  Lake  Provi- 
dence to  Richmond,  were  frequently  assailed  in  the  anxiety  of  the 
Rebels  to  open  communication  between  Vicksburg  and  Louisiana. 
June  6 a heavy  attack  on  Milliken’s  Bend  was  most  bravely  re- 
pulsed by  negro  soldiers. 

On  the  25th  of  June  from  the  center  around  to  the  river  the 
army  and  navy  stood  ready  to  add  to  the  tumult  and  terror  of  the 
explosion  of  a heavy  mine,  while  a chosen  band  was  thrown  for- 
ward to  rush  into  the  anticipated  breach.  The  undermined  strong- 
hold was  Fort  Hill,  in  front  of  McPherson’s  Corps.  The  storming 
party  consisted  of  one  hundred  picked  men  of  the  45th  Illinois  and 
one  hundred  of  the  23d  Indiana,  and  was  supported  by  the  main 
part  of  Logan’s  Division. 

It  stood  breathless,  and  utter  stillness  prevailed  after  the  fuse 
was  lighted  until  a dull,  thundering  sound  and  the  trembling  and 
heaving  of  the  ground  indicated  that  the  powder.  2,200  pounds,  in 
the  vaults  beneath  was  on  fire.  Through  heavy  smoke  and  dust 
masses  of  earth  and  huge  timbers  rose  slowly  and  fell  back.  A can- 
nonade opened  along  the  line  of  the  army  and  the  river  front,  such 
a cannonade  as  Vicksburg,  with  all  its  experience,  had  never  known, 
nor  had  yet  any  other  city.  The  storming  party  rushed  to  the 
breach.  Logan  advanced  his  division  rapidly  to  its  support. 

[13] 


194 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


A furious  struggle  took  place  in  the  crater.  The  combatants 
were  covered  with  powder,  dirt  and  blood.  The  Rebels  gradually 
fell  back  to  a new  line,  from  which,  unseen  and  sheltered,  they 
hurled  hand  grenades  with  deadly  effect.  The  soldiers  called  the 
crater  “the  death  hole,”  but  they  held  it  until  three  days  later 
another  mine  expelled  the  Rebels  and  left  a vast  chasm  where  one 
of  the  strongest  works  had  stood. 

Fort  after  fort  was  underlined.  Closer  and  more  deadly  with 
each  day  drew  the  investing  line.  One  grand  assault  and  the  city 
would  fall.  General  Grant  fixed  the  day — the  6th  of  July. 

Meantime  the  citizens  of  Vicksburg  were  in  sad  straits.  Many 
of  the  wealthy,  as  well  as  the  poor,  were  on  the  verge  of  starvation. 
Flour  was  a thousand  dollars  a barrel.  Meal  was  a hundred  and 
forty  dollars  a bushel.  Beef  was  two  or  three  dollars  a pound. 
Mule  meat  Avas  a dollar  a pound.  Caves  dug  in  the  hillsides,  and 
which  were  damp  and  low,  afforded  the  only  security  against  shell, 
and  they  scarcely.  The  Rebel  soldiers,  on  insufficient  rations  com- 
posed chiefly  of  bean  meal,  corn  coffee  and  mule  meat,  lay  in  the 
trenches  without  relief  day  or  night.  Nevertheless  a copy  of  the 
Vicksburg  Whig,  which  found  its  way  to  the  Union  pickets,  gave 
out  and  reiterated  assurances  of  Johnston’s  speedy  approach.  Gen- 
eral Johnston  indeed  was  their  only  hope;  but  he  never  ventured 
within  fifteen  miles. 

On  the  3d  of  July,  after  forty-seven  days  of  isolation,  General 
Pemberton  displayed  a flag  of  truce  and  sent  two  officers  with  a 
letter  asking  an  armistice  with  the  view  of  arranging  terms  for 
capitulation.  The  Rebel  officers  were  blindfolded  and  taken  to 
Burbridge’s  tent.  Avhere  they  received  Grant’s  reply  demanding  an 
unconditional  surrender.  Pemberton  requested  an  interview,  and 
at  three  in  the  afternoon  met  his  antagonist  in  front  of  McPher- 
son’s lines  under  a spreading  oak.  “Never  so  long  as  I have  a man 
left  me  will  I submit  to  unconditional  surrender,”  declared  the 
Confederate  general.  “Then,  sir,  you  can  continue  the  defense,” 
replied  the  national  commander.  Pemberton,  however,  was  not  sat- 
isfied, and  after  some  consultation  it  was  agreed  to  continue  the 
armistice  until  nine  the  next  morning,  when,  if  surrender  was  not 
determined  on,  hostilities  should  be  resumed. 

The  next  morning  white  flags  were  displayed  all  along  the  Rebel 
lines.  At  ten  the  Rebel  soldiers  poured  out  of  their  trenches  and 
forts,  laid  down  their  colors  and  went  back  within  their  works, 
prisoners  of  war. 


The  Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg. 


195 


Logan’s  Division  was  the  first  of  the  besieging  army  to  enter 
the  city.  General  Grant  rode  at  its  head.  Dismounting  at  a Rebel 
headquarters  he  entered  in  order  to  confer  with  General  Pember- 
ton. The  Rebel  commander  and  his  generals  were  sitting  on  a 
porch.  They  received  the  conqueror  in  sulky  silence;  when  he 
asked  for  a drink  of  water  they  told  him  he  could  find  it  inside, 
and  they  allowed  him  to  remain  standing,  while  they  sat,  during 
an  interview  of  a half  hour,  so  ignobly  did  they  bear  themselves  in 
adversity. 

If  anything  could  add  to  the  rapture  of  the  hard-won,  long-de- 
layed victory  it  was  the  fact  that  it  was  consummated  on  the  Fourth 
of  July.  When  the  national  banner  rose  over  the  court  house  ten 
thousand  men  struck  up  the  song  “Rally  Round  the  Flag.”  The 
shattered  walls  of  Vicksburg,  so  long  trembling  under  the  roar  of 
guns,  now  quivered  with  the  song  of  triumph. 

The  surrender  of  Vicksburg  gave  into  Grant’s  hands  the  largest 
capture  of  men  and  guns  ever  made  in  war — 31,600  men,  including 
sick  and  wounded,  and  172  cannon.  Twenty-eight  thousand  eight 
hundred  and  ninety-two  men  were  paroled,  and  after  being  sup- 
plied with  three  days’  rations  were  sent  across  the  Big  Black.  Seven 
hundred  and  nine  who  refused  their  parole  were  sent  North.  More 
than  one  thousand  avoided  being  paroled  by  escape  or  disguise. 
Many  died  in  the  hospital  before  their  names  had  been  taken. 

Throughout  the  United  States  cannon  fired  and  bells  rang,  the 
nation  rejoicing  at  once  for  the  turning  back  of  the  Rebel  tide  at 
Gettysburg  and  that  the  Mississippi  once  more  flowed  “unvexed  to 
the  sea.  ” 


Regimental  Histories. 


Indiana  State  Seal. 

Used  on  All  Monuments. 


f 197) 


Monument  of  8th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  14th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
8th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  David  Shunk 
Major  Thomas  J.  Brady 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17; 
Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4.  Casualties:  Killed  27,  wounded  133,  missing  1,  total  161, 
Captains  Andre  w O’ Daniel,  Frederick  S.  Wysong,  and  Hiram  T.  Vandevender  killed. 


(108) 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  Sth  Regiment  was  one  of  the  first  six  regiments  of  three- 
months’  men  who  answered  the  call  of  President  Lincoln  for  75.000 
volunteers,  and  was  mustered  into  the  United  States  service  at 
Indianapolis,  April  25,  1861,  by  2d  Lient.  (afterwards  Maj.  Gen.) 
T.  J.  Wood;  with  Wm.  P.  Benton  as  colonel;  Silas  Colgrove,  lieu- 
tenant colonel;  David  Shunk,  major;  A.  I.  Harrison,  adjutant; 
John  Robinson,  quartermaster;  James  Ford,  surgeon,  and  George 
W.  Edgerly,  assistant  surgeon. 

The  line  officers  at  muster  were  as  follows : 


Captain. 

Co.  A.  Jacob  Widaman, 

Co.  B.  O.  H.  P.  Carey, 

Co.  C.  Geo.  W.  H.  Riley, 

Co.  D.  Thomas  I.  Brady, 

Co.  E.  Hiram  T.  Vandevender, 
Co.  F.  Frederick  Tykle, 

Co.  G.  Reuben  Riley. 

Co.  H.  Charles  O.  Howard, 

Co.  I.  M.M.  Lacey, 

Co.  K.  Chas.  S.  Parrish, 


1st  Lieutenant. 
Francis  C.  Swigget, 
John  Reuss, 

E.  M.  Ives, 

Joseph  Kirk. 

John  T.  Robinson, 
Henry  Ray, 

Henry  C.  Rariden, 

A.  J.  Kenney, 

Irwin  Harrison, 
Joseph  M.  Thompson, 


2d  Lieutenant. 
George  Adams. 
Jacob  M Wells. 
Allan  O.  Neff. 
William  Fisher. 
James  Fergus. 
Joseph  W.  Connell. 
G.  W.  H.  Riley. 
Robt.  A.  Douglas. 
James  Connor. 
Franklin  Daily. 


The  regiment  was  composed  of  men  from  AVayne,  Randolph, 
Delaware,  Grant.  Hancock,  AYabash,  Madison  and  Henry  counties. 
Companies  A.  TI  and  I all  being  Wayne  County  men.  The  regi- 
ment rendezvoused  at  Indianapolis,  using  for  shelter  the  buildings 
and  horse  stalls  at  the  state  fair  grounds  north  of  the  city,  which 
was  called  Camp  Morton.  About  May  15th,  the  Sth  and  10th  Regi- 
ments marched  about  four  miles  east  of  Indianapolis  and,  having 
received  their  supply  of  tents  and  camp  equipage,  established  a 
camp,  where  they  remained  until  the  19th  of  June,  1861,  when  they 
received  orders  to  proceed  to  western  Virginia.  On  leaving  Indian- 
apolis the  8th  was  taken  by  rail  to  Clarksburg  by  the  way  of  Cin- 
cinnati. Marietta  and  Parkersburg,  remaining  there  two  days,  and 
then  marched  to  Buehannon.  Ara.,  where  it  was  supposed  the  Con- 
federates were  encamped  in  considerable  force.  The  regiment  was 
here  assigned  to  the  army  of  Gen.  AY.  S.  Rosecrans  July  4th.  Gen- 
eral Rosecrans’  army  was  reviewed  on  the  morning  of  July  10th. 
and  then  the  8tli,  with  Rosecrans’  army,  marched  against  the  Con- 
federate troops,  who  were  said  to  be  in  considerable  force  and  well 
fortified  at  Rich  Mountain,  Virginia,  reaching  the  foot  of  the  moun- 
tain on  the  evening  of  the  10th  and  bivouacked  for  the  night. 

It  remained  in  camp  but  a short  time  when  General  Rosecrans. 
with  the  8th  and  10th  Indiana  and  the  9th  Ohio,  having  a native  as 


(199) 


200 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


a guide,  made  a night  march,  flanking  the  enemy,  and  at  daylight 
surprised  the  pickets  and  attacked  the  enemy  vigorously.  The  Con- 
federates were  about  three  thousand  strong,  with  six  pieces  of  ar- 
tillery and  well  fortified,  under  command  of  General  Pegram. 

The  battle  lasted  about  two  hours  and  was  hotly  contested,  and 
the  gallantry  of  the  troops  was  thoroughly  tested.  The  war  cry  of 
the  8th  and  10th  was  “Remember  Buena  Vista.”  General  Pegram 
was  defeated  with  a loss  of  nearly  one  hundred  killed  and  a large 
number  wounded,  while  all  of  his  camp  and  garrison  supplies  and 
artillery  fell  into  Union  hands.  Our  forces  pursued  the  retreating 
Confederates  as  far  as  Beverly  and  there  went  into  camp.  The  8th 
lost  four  men  killed  and  fifteen  wounded.  The  regiment  remained 
in  camp  until  July  21tli,  when  it  was  ordered  to  return  to  Indian- 
apolis for  muster  out  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
The  regiment  marched  to  AVebster,  Va ..  and  from  thence  by  rail 
to  Indianapolis,  where  on  the  6th  of  August  it  was  mustered  out 
of  the  United  States  service. 

The  work  of  reorganizing  the  regiment  for  three  years’  service 
was  begun  at  once,  and  on  the  5th  of  September,  1861,  the  reor- 
ganization was  completed  and  the  regiment  was  mustered  into  the 
service  for  three  years  with  William  P.  Benton  as  colonel. 

On  the  10th  of  September  the  regiment  received  orders  to  move, 
and  proceeded  to  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  by  rail,  where  it  arrived  on 
the  day  following,  joining  the  army  then  being  formed  by  General 
Fremont.  A few  days  after  the  regiment  marched  towards  the 
state  capital,  reaching  Jefferson  City  on  the  14th  of  September, 
where  it  remained  in  camp  a week,  during  which  time  it  was  placed 
in  the  brigade  commanded  by  Col.  Jeff  C.  Davis,  of  the  22d  Indiana 
Volunteers.  On  the  22d  the  march  was  resumed  to  Springfield. 
The  8th  made  the  march  to  that  place  in  fourteen  days  and  re- 
turned to  Otterville  in  seven  days.  The  regiment  remained  in 
camp  at  Otterville  until  the  17th  of  December,  when  it  marched 
to  W arrensburg  and  assisted  in  the  capture  of  thirteen  hundred 
prisoners.  Returning  to  Otterville,  it  remained  in  camp  until  the 
24th  of  January,  1862,  when  it  marched  for  Springfield,  joining 
the  command  of  General  Curtis  on  the  route. 

From  this  point  the  march  was  continued  to  Cross  Timbers, 
Arkansas.  From  here  the  8th,  with  the  forces,  marched  to  Pea 
Ridge,  where  on  the  6th,  7th  and  8tli  of  March  a great  battle  was 
fought,  resulting  in  a complete  victory  for  General  Curtis’  army. 
The  8th ’s  loss  was  thirty-eight  killed  and  wounded.  In  this  en- 


Eighth  Infantry. 


201 


gagement  the  rebel  generals  McCullough  and  McIntosh  were  killed 
and  the  former  general’s  son  was  also  killed. 

After  the  engagement  at  Pea  Ridge  the  forces  went  into  camp 
at  Cross  Timbers.  Soon  after  the  8th,  with  other  troops,  made  a 
diversion  toward  Bentonville.  The  enemy  retreating  from  that 
place,  our  forces  returned  to  camp,  where  they  remained  until  the 
6th  of  April,  waiting  for  supplies  to  come  up,  of  which  they  were 
greatly  in  need.  On  the  6th  of  April  the  army  marched  in  the 
direction  of  Forsythe,  Mo.,  over  the  Ozark  Mountains,  and  then 
proceeded  down  the  valley  of  the  White  River  and  across  the  coun- 
try to  Batesville,  Ark.,  halting  at  Sulphur  Springs  for  nearly  two 
months.  Leaving  the  latter  place  June  22d  it  reached  Helena,  on 
the  Mississippi  River,  on  the  13th  of  July.  The  command  suffered 
greatly  on  this  arduous  march  by  reason  of  the  scarcity  of  pro- 
visions, there  being  but  a scanty  supply  with  the  command,  and 
very  little  in  the  country.  Very  often  the  daily  rations  consisted 
of  four  ears  of  corn,  with  a very  small  allowance  of  meat. 

During  this  march  some  sharp  skirmishing  was  had  with  the 
enemy  in  the  canebrakes  of  White  River,  and  a sharp  engagement 
was  fought  at  Cotton  Plant.  In  August  while  on  an  expedition  a 
skirmish  was  had  with  a small  force  of  the  enemy  at  Austin,  Miss. 
On  the  6th  of  October  the  8th  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
General  Steele  and  proceeded  by  steamer  to  Sulphur  Hill,  near  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  from  which  place  it  marched  to  Ironton  on  the  11th  of 
October,  and  from  thence  marched  and  countermarched  through  the 
southeastern  portion  of  the  State  until  March  6,  1863,  when  the 
regiment  embarked  on  a steamer  at  St.  Genevieve  to  join  General 
Grant’s  army,  then  organizing  at  Milliken’s  Bend,  La.  Here  it 
was  assigned  to  Benton’s  First  Brigade,  General  Carr’s  Fourteenth 
Division  of  the  Thirteenth  Army  Corps,  Gen.  John  A.  McClernand 
commanding. 

April  12th  the  8th  Regiment,  with  its  division,  marched  to  Per- 
kins’ plantation,  arriving  there  the  21st  day  of  April,  where  wras 
left  all  regimental  property  and  transportation  and  the  troops  put 
in  light  marching  order.  April  29th  the  8th  embarked  on  a steamer 
that  had  run  by  the  batteries  at  Vicksburg  and  passed  down  the 
river  to  near  Grand  Gulf,  a position  the  enemy  had  strongly  forti- 
fied. Our  troops  remained  on  the  boats  nearly  all  day  watching 
our  gunboats  in  their  attempt  to  silence  and  destroy  the  heavy  guns 
at  Grand  Gulf,  which  they  were  unable  to  do,  and  our  troops  dis- 
embarked and  marched  across  a neck  of  a bend  in  the  river. 


202 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


That  night,  the  29th,  Porter’s  fleet  of  gunboats  and  the  steamers 
ran  by  Grand  Gulf,  and  the  next  day  the  troops  re-embarked  and 
passed  down  the  river  to  Hard  Times  Landing  and  disembarked  on 
the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi,  and  the  8th,  with  its  command,  took 
up  the  march  and  participated  in  the  battle  at  Port  Gibson  on  the 
1st  day  of  May,  losing  four  enlisted  men  killed  and  thirty-eight 
wounded.  After  an  all-day  engagement  the  enemy  was  driven 
from  the  field  late  in  the  evening  with  a considerable  loss  and  fell 
back  across  the  south  fork  of  the  Big  Bayou  Pierre,  burning  the 
bridge  in  their  retreat. 

On  the  3d  day  of  May  the  Pioneer  Corps  had  a bridge  completed 
and  the  8tli  Regiment,  with  its  division,  crossed  the  river  and 
marched  by  way  of  Willow  Springs,  Rocky  Springs  and  Five  Mile 
Creek  to  Fourteen  Mile  Creek.  May  12th  it  was  in  supporting  dis- 
tance of  Logan’s  Division  during  the  engagement  at  Raymond,  May 
12th,  when  Logan’s  Division  completely  routed  Gregg’s  Confeder- 
ate forces. 

The  8th  Regiment  marched  through  Raymond  and  went  into 
camp  near  the  town.  On  the  13th  it  marched  to  Clinton,  near  Jack- 
son,  and  was  in  supporting  distance  of  our  forces  in  the  capture 
of  Jackson,  the  capital  city  of  Mississippi.  On  the  15th  the  regi- 
ment marched  back  to  near  Raymond,  where  it  camped  and,  being 
without  tents,  had  all  the  pleasures  of  a deluge  of  rain.  On  the 
16th  the  regiment  marched  to  near  Champion’s  Hill,  where  the  di- 
vision was  held  in  reserve  until  late  in  the  afternoon.  About 
that  time  the  enemy  was  beginning  to  give  way,  and  the  8tli  was 
ordered  to  the  south  side  of  the  Raymond  road,  and,  advancing 
rapidly,  deploying  as  skirmishers  to  the  front,  captured  several 
prisoners  who  seemed  willing  to  be  captured.  Just  before  the  8th 
crossed  Baker’s  Creek,  as  it  was  crossing  an  elevated  piece  of 
ground,  it  came  in  full  view  of  a Confederate  regiment  which  was 
quite  near,  evidently  being  sent  to  the  front  as  reinforcements  and 
not  aware  that  their  army  had  given  up  the  field.  The  8th  fired 
into  them,  and  at  about  the  same  time  Captain  Klauss’  First  In- 
diana Battery,  on  the  Raymond  road  near  by,  seeing  the  rebel  regi- 
ment, wheeled  into  position  and  was  on  the  point  of  firing  when 
the  enemy,  taking  in  the  situation,  surrendered.  The  volley  the  8tli 
fired  into  them  killed  their  colonel  and  wounded  a number  of  men. 
General  Boring’s  Division,  that  escaped  on  our  extreme  right,  fired 
several  shots  from  their  artillery  at  the  8th  without  injury. 

The  regiment  marched  to  Edward’s  Station,  on  the  Vicksburg 
and  Jackson  Railroad,  arriving  there  after  dark.  At  this  station 


Eighth  Ikgantkv. 


203 


the  enemy’s  ammunition  train  fell  into  our  hands,  which  they  set 
on  fire  before  abandoning  it,  and  the  bursting  shells  and  flashes  of 
fire  in  the  dark  looked  like  a battle.  Notwithstanding  the  danger, 
our  men  uncoupled  a lot  of  cars  and  pushed  them  out  of  danger, 
saving  a large  quantity  of  ammunition. 

On  the  morning  of  the  17th,  the  8th,  with  its  command,  marched 
to  Black  River  Bridge,  and  with  Benton’s  Brigade  formed  in  line 
on  the  south  side  of  the  railroad,  and  as  they  advanced  they  were 
met  with  a sharp  fire  from  the  enemy’s  artillery  on  the  bluffs  of 
the  west  side  of  the  river  and  with  their  artillery  and  small  arms 
in  the  trenches  on  the  east  side  of  the  river.  About  ten  o’clock 
a.  m..  our  troops  having  gotten  in  position,  a general  assault  was 
made,  capturing  the  enemy’s  strongly  fortified  position,  together 
with  seventeen  pieces  of  artillery  and  two  thousand  prisoners. 
Quite  a number  succeeded  in  escaping  over  the  high  trestle  bridge 
across  the  river,  and  after  doing  so  set  fire  to  the  bridge  and  de- 
stroyed it. 

The  Pioneer  Corps  began  at  once  the  construction  of  a pontoon 
bridge  across  the  Big  Black  River,  and  at  7 o’clock  on  the  morning 
of  the  18th  ti'oops  began  crossing  to  the  west  side;  Smith’s  Tenth 
Division  leading  and  the  8th  Regiment  and  Benton ’s  Brigade  fol- 
lowing, and  advanced  thus  in  front  of  the  enemy’s  works  at  Vicks- 
burg. 

They  formed  on  the  left  of  Smith’s  Division,  their  left  being  on 
the  railroad,  and  here  they  remained  during  the  night  of  the  18tli, 
and  on  the  20th  Carr’s  Division  relieved  Smith’s  Division,  which 
was  close  to  the  enemy’s  works. 

May  22cl  the  8th  took  part  in  the  general  assault,  and  with  Ben- 
ton’s Brigade  advanced  against  the  lunette  on  the  Baldwin’s  Perry 
road,  on  or  very  near  the  parapet  of  which  some  of  its  colors  were 
planted.  The  assault  proved  unsuccessful,  and  the  men  of  the  8th, 
being  greatly  exposed  to  a flank  fire,  sought  such  protection  as 
they  could  find,  some  of  them  crossing  to  the  south  side  of  the  rail- 
road. where  they  lay  until  darkness  gave  them  a chance  to  slip  away. 
In  this  assault  the  8th  lost  3 officers  killed — Captains  O’Daniel, 
Wysong  and  Vandevender — 19  noncommissioned  officers  and  en- 
listed men  killed  and  1 officer  and  94  enlisted  men  wounded. 
Among  these  were  three  color  sergeants  shot  down,  and  when  Color 
Sergeant  Swafford  fell  his  son  grasped  the  colors  and  held  them 
aloft  through  the  storm  of  shot  and  shell. 

The  8th  remained  with  the  brigade  during  the  siege  and  held 
the  right  center  of  the  corps  line  of  investment,  its  right  resting 


204 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


on  the  railroad,  and  made  an  approach  on  the  railroad  redoubt. 
This  approach  was  but  thirty  feet  from  the  enemy’s  trench  at  the 
surrender. 

During  the  siege,  and  especially  the  latter  part  of  it,  there  was 
a kind  of  mutual  understanding  between  the  pickets  of  the  two 
forces  that  there  should  be  no  firing  at  each  other  after  dark,  and 
a general  conversation  was  kept  up  by  the  men  on  picket  duty  and 
a good  deal  of  trading  done.  The  rebels  were  short  of  coffee  and 
had  tobacco,  and  this  suited  the  men  of  our  army. 

During  the  night  of  the  3d  of  July  it  was  pretty  generally  un- 
derstood that  some  kind  of  a truce  was  on,  and  firing  ceased  along 
every  part  of  the  line,  and  eight  or  ten  of  the  enemy  who  belonged 
to  a Texas  regiment  came  over  the  trenches  and  spent  an  hour  or 
two  with  the  boys  of  the  8th,  who  filled  them  up  with  coffee  and 
hardtack,  they  expressing  the  opinion  that  they  had  enough  fight- 
ing and  if  opportunity  offered  would  go  home. 

On  the  5th  of  July,  after  the  surrender,  the  8tli,  with  its  com- 
mand, began  the  march  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  in  pursuit  of  Johnston’s 
army.  The  regiment  returned  to  Vicksburg  on  the  24th  of  July, 
where  it  remained  until  the  20tli  of  August.  During  this  time  a 
part  of  the  regiment  was  furloughed  home  for  twenty  days,  the 
balance  of  the  regiment  embarking  on  a steamer  for  Carrollton, 
near  New  Orleans,  where  they  arrived  on  the  23d  and  went  into 
camp.  September  3d  the  regiment  moved  across  the  river  to  Al- 
giers, and  from  there  marched  by  rail  to  Berwick  Bay,  seventy-five 
miles  northwest  of  New  Orleans. 

From  this  point  the  army,  under  General  Banks,  made  a cam- 
paign through  the  Teche  country,  passing  through  Franklin,  New 
Iberia,  St.  Martinsville,  Vermilion  to  Opelousas,  La.  Here  the 
army  remained  until  October  26tli,  when  it  returned  by  the  same 
route  to  Berwick  Bay.  On  the  12th  of  November  the  8th,  with  other 
troops,  embarked  on  the  steamship  St.  Mary  for  Texas,  and  after  a 
pleasant  voyage  of  three  days  anchored  off  Brazos  Santiago,  and 
on  the  night  of  the  16th  disembarked  on  Mustang  Island  and  with 
other  troops,  under  command  of  General  Ransom  marched  in  the 
direction  of  Aranzas  Pass,  and  at  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the 
17th  surprised  and  captured  the  garrison  of  that  place,  with  one 
hundred  prisoners  and  small  arms  and  three  pieces  of  artillery  of 
heavy  caliber.  During  the  night  of  the  17th  a severe  norther,  or 
blizzard,  struck  that  part  of  the  coast,  which  lasted  for  three  days. 
The  blankets  and  camp  equipage  having  been  left  on  the  boat,  the 
men  suffered  severely. 


Eighth  Infantry. 


205 


On  the  23d  our  forces  crossed  Aranzas  Pass  and  proceeded  up 
St.  Joseph  Island,  and  crossed  Cedar  Bayou  on  rafts  and  continued 
the  march  up  Matagorda  Island,  arriving  in  the  vicinity  of  Fort 
Esperanza  on  the  27th.  This  fort  was  strongly  fortified  and  de- 
fended by  nine  pieces  of  artillery  and  about  one  thousand  men. 

Ransom’s  men  immediately  invested  the  fort,  the  8tli  leading  in 
the  attack,  and  was  met  with  a sharp  resistance  by  the  enemy.  A 
continuous  fire  was  kept  up  all  day,  the  Union  forces  gradually 
closing  in  cn  the  fort,  and  during  the  night  of  the  17th  the  enemy 
evacuated  their  well  fortified  position,  blew  up  their  magazine  and 
set  fire  to  everything  that  would  burn.  A few  prisoners  were  cap- 
tured, the  rest  escaping.  The  8tli  lost  one  man  killed  and  several 
slightly  wounded.  On  the  28th  the  troops  marched  to  Indianola, 
where  they  went  into  camp.  The  citizens  having  deserted  the  town, 
many  of  our  troops  used  empty  houses. 

The  troops  remained  here  for  several  weeks,  during  which  time 
they  were  engaged  in  regimental  and  brigade  drill.  The  locality 
was  a healthy  one,  the  men  feasted  on  fish  and  oysters  as  well  as 
fresh  beef,  and  it  was  not  long  before  there  was  hardly  a sick  man 
in  the  command. 

During  the  month  of  January,  1861,  the  8th  was  busy  with  the 
work  of  veteranizing,  and  on  February  9tli,  117  out  of  515  men 
present  veteranized  and  were  mustered  for  three  years’  further 
service,  and  soon  after  left  for  Indiana  and  their  respective  homes 
on  veteran  furlough.  The  nonveterans  were  assigned  to  the  69tli 
Indiana  and  reported  to  that  regiment  at  once  for  duty.  Prior  to 
re-enilstment  the  8th  sustained  the  following  losses  by  death  : Killed 
in  action,  18;  died  of  wounds,  32;  died  of  disease,  137 ; total,  217. 

On  the  22d  of  April  the  8th  arrived  at  Indianapolis  on  veteran 
furlough,  where  it  remained  until  the  latter  part  of  June,  when  it 
returned  to  New  Orleans  by  boat  and  from  there  by  rail  to  Terre- 
bonne, La.,  arriving  there  July  7tli,  and  on  the  next  day  the  non- 
veterans were  returned  to  the  8tli  in  charge  of  Adjt.  M.  M.  Lacey, 
of  the  69th  Indiana.  July  9th  the  regiment  broke  camp  and  pro- 
ceeded by  rail  to  Algiers,  where  it  remained  in  camp  until  July 
23d,  when  at  midnight  it  was  ordered  to  break  camp  and  march 
on  board  the  steamer  “The  Star  of  the  West,”  but  did  not  do  so 
until  the  morning  of  the  21th.  when  the  steamer  ran  down  the 
river,  crossing  the  bar  into  the  gulf  at  sunrise  the  next  morning. 

The  8th  arrived  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  on  the  2d  of  August  and 
had  supper  at  the  Convalescent  Home,  near  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
depot.  The  regiment  was  then  ordered  to  turn  in  all  tents  and  ex- 


206 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


tra  camp  equipage  and  retain  only  what  could  be  carried  by  each 
soldier,  and  were  marched  by  rail  to  Harper’s  Ferry,  where  the 
regiment  camped  for  a few  days,  and  on  the  6th  moved  camp  a 
few  miles.  Officers  were  ordered  to  send  their  tents  and  baggage 
back  to  Harper’s  Ferry.  On  the  17th  we  were  assigned  to  the 
Nineteenth  Corps  and  marched  to  Winchester  by  way  of  Middle- 
town,  Newtown  and  Currentown. 

The  8th  took  part  in  the  campaign  of  the  Shenandoah  Valley 
under  Gen.  Phil  Sheridan,  and  was  at  Opequan  on  the  19th  of  Sep- 
tember and  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Fisher’s  Hill  on  the  22d  of 
September,  and  participated  in  the  campaign  and  engagement  at 
Cedar  Creek  on  the  19th  of  October. 

The  regiment  left  the  valley  on  the  6th  of  January  and  arrived 
at  Savannah,  Ga.,  by  steamer  from  Baltimore  on  the  16tli  of  Jan- 
uary. It  remained  on  duty  in  Georgia  until  the  28th  of  August, 
when  it  was  mustered  out  of  the  service. 

On  the  17th  of  September,  1865,  the  8th  arrived  at  Indianap- 
olis, Lieut.  Col.  John  R.  Polk  commanding,  with  14  officers  and 
245  noncommissioned  officers  and  enlisted  men,  when  it  was  finally 
discharged  from  the  service  of  the  United  States  after  being  pub- 
licly received  in  the  Capitol  grounds  by  Governor  Morton  on  be- 
half of  the  State. 

The  8tli  Regiment  had  a total  enrollment  of : commissioned  offi- 
cers, 46 ; enlisted  men,  1,626 ; total  enrollment,  1,672.  Lost  during 
service,  7 officers  and  88  enlisted  men  killed  and  mortally  wounded, 
and  5 officers  and  169  enlisted  men  by  disease ; total,  269. 


Monument  of  11th  Infantry. 

Brig.  General  Geo.  F.  McGinnis  Table:. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  12th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
Uth  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Daniel  Macauley 
Lieut.  Colonel  William  W.  Darnall 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4. 
Casualties:  Killed  29,  wounded  149,  missing  14,  total  192. 


(208) 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


Under  the  call  of  the  President  of  the  United  States  the  lltli 
Regiment  was  organized  and  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United 
States  for  three  months  at  Indianapolis,  April  25,  1861.  with  the 
following  officers : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

Lewis  Wallace Colonel. 

George  F.  McGinnis Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Charles  O.  Wood Major. 

Dan  Macauley Adjutant. 

Henry  Rice Quartermaster. 

Thomas  W.  Fry Surgeon. 

John  C.  Thompson Assistant  Surgeon. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 


Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co.  A.  Robert  S.  Foster, 

George  Butler, 

Cyrus  J.  Dobbs. 

Co.  B.  John  Fahnestock, 

Obed  S.  Fahnestock, 

Daniel  B.  Culley. 

Co.  C.  Jesse  E.  Hamill, 

John  E.  Moore, 

Francis  G.  Scott. 

Co.  D.  Jabez  Smith. 

Nesbit  L.  Brown, 

Thomas  F.  Wells. 

Co.  E.  DeWitt  C.  Rugg, 

Henry  Tindall, 

Nicholas  R.  Ruckle. 

Co.  F.  Edward  T.  Wallace, 

John  Stevenson, 

Isaac  M.  Rumsey. 

Co.  G.  Henry  M.  Carr, 

H.  B.  Wilson, 

John  F.  Caven. 

Co.  H.  Wm.  J.  H.  Robinson, 

Fred  Knefler, 

Wallace  Foster. 

Co.  I.  Isaac  C.  Elston,  Jr., 

A.  C.  Wilson, 

John  W.  Ross. 

Co.  K.  William  Darnall. 

John  A.  McLaughlin, 

John  W.  Ramsey. 

Numerically  it  was  the  sixth  of  Indiana’s  quota  of  six  regiments, 
but  the  first  regiment  organized  and  to  receive  marching  orders  in 
obedience  to  the  order  of  Adjutant-General  Thomas,  U.  S.  A. 

The  regiment  broke  camp  at  Indianapolis  and  proceeded  by  rail 
to  Evansville,  Inch,  camping  near  that  city.  The  time  was  occu- 
pied in  guarding  against  the  shipment  of  supplies  to  the  States  in 
rebellion,  Kentucky  having  assumed  the  attitude  of  neutral  regard- 
ing the  war. 

On  June  7th.  in  compliance  with  the  order  of  Lieutenant-Gen- 
eral Scott,  the  regiment  proceeded  by  rail  over  the  Baltimore  and 
Ohio  Railroad  to  Cumberland,  Aid.,  arriving  on  the  evening  of  June 
10th.  Colonel  Wallace  having  been  informed  when  passing  through 
Grafton.  W.  Va.,  of  the  presence  at  Romney,  W.  Va.,  a day’s  march 
from  Cumberland,  of  a force  of  the  enemy,  variously  estimated  at 
from  one  to  two  thousand,  determined  upon  an  attack.  Locating 
a camping  ground  near  the  town  and  assigning  two  companies  to 
guard  the  train  and  put  up  tents,  they  began  the  march  to  Romney 
with  eight  companies — five  hundred  men — Colonel  Wallace  mart  li- 


(141 


(209) 


210 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


ing  at  the  head  of  the  column.  Soon  after  daybreak  the  town  was 
reached,  a bridge  over  a small  stream  was  crossed  on  the  double 
quick,  and  soon  after  the  rear  of  the  rebel  column  was  to  be  seen 
leaving  the  town  as  if  an  army  had  appeared.  A small  quantity  of 
supplies,  consisting  of  tents,  guns  and  medical  supplies,  were  cap- 
tured. A fair  estimate  placed  the  number  of  the  enemy  at  twelve 
hundred,  with  two  pieces  of  artillery. 

General  Johnston  was  induced  to  evacuate  Harper’s  Ferry  and 
the  regiment  returned  to  its  camp,  having  made  a march  of  forty- 
six  miles  by  night,  well  satisfied  with  the  results — a victory  (the 
first  one)  and  not  a man  lost.  General  Scott,  appreciating  the  lit- 
tle campaign  and  its  results,  wired  Colonel  Wallace  his  congratula- 
tions. The  time  spent  at  Cumberland  was  employed  to  perfect  the 
regiment  in  drill  and  discipline.  A company  of  mounted  scouts  was 
organized  by  Colonel  Wallace,  who  every  day  impressed  the  regi- 
ment with  his  keen  foresight  as  if  he  were  the  educated  soldier. 
Dave  Hays,  a corporal  in  Company  A,  was  selected  to  be  the  leader 
of  this  small  band  of  men  who  were  soon  to  electrify  the  country 
with  deeds  of  daring. 

On  the  27th  of  June,  while  Hays  and  his  detail  were  scouting  in 
the  vicinity  of  the  village  of  Frankfort,  Hays  discovered  forty-one 
of  the  enemy,  black  horse  cavalry.  Hurriedly  informing  his  detail 
of  the  number  and  saying,  “What  do  you  say,  boys,  shall  we  fight 
’em?”  the  answer  was,  “Yes;  all  ready,  Dave;  go  in.”  The  leader 
commanded  “come  on,”  and,  leading  the  way  with  pistol  and  saber, 
the  fight  was  on,  and  in  the  short  interval  to  follow  eight  of  the 
Virginia  Black  Horse  Cavalry  lay  dead.  Later  in  the  day,  Hays 
having  received  two  bullet  wounds  and  several  saber  cuts,  and  being 
cared  for  by  two  of  the  men,  Baker  and  Dunlap,  the  command  de- 
volved upon  Farley.  The  enemy  now  being  reinforced,  the  scene 
of  conflict  changed  and  the  battle  with  ten  of  the  scouts  to  meet  it. 
Results  show  how  they  did  it.  They  all  dismounted,  turning  their 
horses  loose,  and  took  advantage  of  the  rocks  overhanging  Patter- 
son’s Creek  at  Kelly’s  Island.  Here  the  battle  raged  until  sun- 
down. On  the  porch  of  a farm  house  near  by,  as  told  by  the  owner, 
lay  twenty-three  Confederates,  only  three  of  whom  were  alive. 

Richmond  papers  in  commenting  on  this  initiatory  battle  at 
Kelly’s  Island  gave  their  losses  in  killed  and  wounded  at  thirty- 
five,  saying  that  two  companies  of  Black  Horse  Cavalry  had  en- 
gaged the  11th  Indiana  Regiment  at  this  point.  Loss  of  our  troop, 
Hollenback  killed  and  Corporal  Hays  severely  wounded.  The 


Eleventh  Infantry. 


211 


writer,  who  belonged  to  Company  I of  the  11th,  was  there  with  it, 
and  ever  after  during  the  entire  service  believes  that  the  heroic 
conduct  of  this  little  band  of  Indiana  volunteers  justifies  the  recital, 
the  truth  of  which  has  been  fully  attested.  The  names  of  the  thir- 
teen are  as  follows : 

Corporal  Dave  Hays,  Co.  A, 

Private  E.  N.  Baker,  Co.  A, 

Private  J.  C.  Hollenback,  Co.  B, 

Private  Tim  Grover,  Co.  C, 

Private  James  Hallowell,  Co.  C, 

Private  Thomas  Brazier,  Co.  D, 

Private  George  W.  Wudbarger,  Co.  E, 

Private  C.  E.  Lewis,  Co.  F, 

Private  Frank  Harrison,  Co.  H, 

Private  P.  M.  Dunlap. 

Private  Robert  Dunlap, 

Private  E.  P.  Thomas. 

President  Lincoln.  General  McClellan,  General  Patterson  all 
sent  congratulations  in  the  most  complimentary  terms,  General 
Patterson  publishing  it  to  his  army  in  general  orders.  It  began 
to  look  as  though  one  Southerner  was  hardly  a match  for  five 
Yankees. 

July  8th  the  regiment  was  to  report  to  General  Patterson  at 
Martinsburg,  Va.  Here  we  came  in  contact  with  the  1st  and  2d 
Massachusetts  regiments,  the  12tli  New  York,  Colonel  Butterfield, 
all  the  Pennsylvania  three  months’  troops,  among  them  the  lltli  and 
“Bncktails.  ” Here,  too,  were  Colonels  Abercrombie,  Fitzjohn 
Porter,  George  H.  Thomas  and  Stone,  two  of  whom  became  distin- 
guished leaders  in  the  Union  army. 

While  doing  duty,  putting  in  time,  an  impromptu  competitive 
drill  (regimental)  with  the  1st  Massachusetts  Volunteers,  where  the 
lltli,  with  Colonel  Wallace  in  command,  gave  to  the  army  under 
General  Patterson  an  exhibition  of  what  a regiment  of  Western 
soldiers  could  do.  The  regiment  was  deployed  as  skirmishers  over 
a rough  field  with  a call  of  the  bugle,  something  never  before  wit- 
nessed by  Eastern  troops.  The  regiment  was  easily  winner,  and 
prejudices  heretofore  existing  because  of  our  rather  soiled  zouave 
dress  in  comparison  with  the  immaculate  uniforms  of  our  Eastern 
compatriots  disappeared. 

The  16th  of  July  finds  us  under  orders  to  march.  Burners  of  a 


212 


Indiana  at  Vicksbukg. 


battle  with  the  enemy  under  General  Johnston,  then  at  Winchester, 
were  current.  The  day  passed  and  we  are  at  Bunker  Hill,  six  miles 
from  Winchester.  On  this  day  General  McDowell’s  army  left 
Washington,  having  the  assurance  from  General  Scott  that  General 
Patterson’s  army  of  15,000  troops  would  take  care  of  General  John- 
son and  see  that  he  did  not  interfere  in  the  impending  battle  at 
Bull  Run. 

On  the  17th,  while  Johnston,  with  less  than  9,000  men  and  twenty 
pieces  of  artillery,  was  marching  from  Winchester  to  reinforce  Gen- 
eral Beauregard’s  army.  General  Patterson  was  returning  from 
Bunker  Hill  to  Charlestown,  there  to  remain  in  peaceful  security 
while  the  Union  army  was,  on  the  21st,  to  suffer  ignominious  de- 
feat at  Bull  Run.  At  the  very  moment  of  Johnston’s  disappear- 
ance from  the  vicinity  of  our  army,  twice  his  (Johnston’s)  strength, 
General  Patterson  wired  General  Scott,  ‘ ‘ I have  succeeded  in  ac- 
cordance with  your  wishes  in  keeping  Johnston  at  Winchester.” 

The  writer  begs  indulgence  for  injecting  what  may  seem  irrele- 
vant in  presenting  this  story  of  the  11th  Regiment.  The  writer  was 
on  duty  as  sentinel  at  the  headquarters  of  General  Abercrombie  on 
the  day  following  the  battle  of  Bull  Run.  AVhen  it  was  known  in 
the  camps  that  our  army  had  suffered  defeat  and  that  no  effort  had 
been  put  forth  to  prevent  the  army  of  General  Johnston  from  rein- 
forcing the  army  of  General  Beauregard,  the  open  and  defiant  de- 
nunciation of  General  Patterson  as  he  rode  through  the  camps  of 
his  army,  which  was  in  no  way  resented,  was  of  such  character  as 
to  preclude  auy  description.  Soon  following  this  the  President  ap- 
pealed through  General  Patterson  to  the  troops  under  him  to  con- 
tinue their  service  (the  term  of  enlistment  expiring)  until  their 
places  could  be  supplied  by  new  troops.  The  question  of  staying 
was  put  to  a vote  of  the  regiments.  Only  two  consented  to  remain 
— the  2d  Wisconsin  and  the  11th  Indiana,  and  these  were  the  only 
two  Western  regiments  in  this  army.  The  troops,  largely  from  Gen- 
eral Patterson’s  State  (Pennsylvania),  apparently  resented  the 
stigma  they  felt  had  been  put  upon  the  army  for  failure  to  do  its 
part  in  preventing  the  reinforcement  of  General  Beauregard’s 
army. 

The  regiment  returned  to  Indianapolis,  arriving  on  July  29th, 
and  was  mustered  out  of  service  on  August  2d.  Recruits  for  the 
three  years’  service  sufficient  to  fill  the  regiment  to  the  aggregate 
of  101  officers  and  men  to  each  company,  in  conformity  to  the  re- 
vised regulations  of  the  army,  hacl  been  enlisted.  These  were  being 


Eleventh  Infantry. 


213 


drilled.  The  regiment  was  quartered  at  Camp  Robinson,  and  the 
returning  men  who  had  re-enlisted  enjoyed  a brief  furlough.  On 
the  31st  of  August  it  was  mustered  into  service  for  three  years. 

September  6th  Colonel  Wallace  moved  his  regiment  to  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  being  ordered  to  report  to  General  Fremont.  On  the  8th  or 
9th  following  he  was  directed  to  report  his  regiment  to  Gen.  Charles 
F.  Smith  at  Paducah,  Ivy.  Here  we  became  associated  with  the  8tli 
Missouri  Infantry,  23d  Indiana  Infantry,  Battery  A,  Chicago  Light 
Artillery,  and  Company  I,  1th  U.  S.  Dragoons,  with  Brig.  Gen. 
Lew  Wallace  commanding.  With  the  exception  of  an  expedition 
to  Viola  and  one  to  Galloway,  Ky.,  the  time  occupied  here  was  de- 
voted to  drill,  one  company — K,  Captain  Darnall — being  detailed 
to  man  the  several  heavy  guns  placed  in  position  to  command  the 
Ohio  River. 

On  the  5th  of  February  the  brigade  received  orders  to  march  to 
Fort  Heiman,  the  enemy  evacuating  on  our  approach.  It  should 
be  noted  that  all  of  General  Smith’s  command  participated.  On 
the  night  of  the  12th  an  orderly  came  to  the  tents  of  company  com- 
manders informing  them  that  they  should  be  in  readiness  to  move 
at  an  early  hour  without  other  than  haversack  with  rations  and 
eighty  rounds  of  cartridges. 

The  11th  Regiment  being  part  of  the  division  of  General  Smith, 
occupying  the  center  of  the  line  of  battle,  were  among  the  first 
troops  to  enter  the  enemy’s  works,  and  were  accorded  full  credit 
for  their  part  in  the  battle,  the  results  of  which  are  well  known. 

The  regiment  returned  to  Fort  Heiman  after  the  surrender  of 
Fort  Donelson,  where  it  was  assigned  to  the  1st  Brigade,  3d  Di- 
vision, Army  of  the  Tennessee,  Gen.  Lew  Wallace  commanding,  and 
on  the  6th  of  March  moved  by  transport  to  Crump’s  Landing. 
Owing  to  a confusion  of  orders  the  3d  Division  did  not  participate 
in  the  first  day’s  battle  at  Shiloh.  There  was  a time  when  un- 
friendly criticism  placed  the  responsibility  for  the  absence  of  this 
command  from  active  participation  in  this  day’s  battle  upon  Gen- 
eral AVallace.  History  has  confirmed  the  judgment  of  men  who  fol- 
lowed Gen.  Lew  AVallace  on  the  march  and  on  the  battlefield,  and  no 
one  can  in  truth  say  he  was  at  fault,  or  that  he  was  ever  lacking  in 
courage,  keen  intelligence  as  a commander,  or  in  patriotic  devotion 
to  the  cause  of  the  Union. 

The  rising  sun  on  May  7th  found  the  division  of  General  Wal- 
lace in  line  and  ready  for  action.  By  direction  of  General  Grant,  it 
took  position  on  the  right  of  General  Sherman  and  on  the  extreme 


INDIANA  AT  V 1CKSBUKG. 


214 


right  of  the  army,  and,  as  the  writer  recalls,  fired  the  first  guns  ami 
steadily  drove  the  enemy  until  the  battle  closed. 

On  the  20th  of  June  the  regiment  reached  Memphis,  Tenn.,  after 
a march  of  120  miles,  where  it  remained  until  July,  and  was  ordered 
to  Helena,  Ark.,  where  the  time  was  spent  in  occasional  expedi- 
tions into  the  adjacent  country,  Duvall’s  Bluff  and  Yazoo  Pass. 
Colonel  McGinnis  was  commissioned  brigadier  general  and  Dan 
Macauley  was  promoted  to  colonel.  On  the  11th  of  April,  1863,  the 
regiment  embarked  on  transport,  reaching  Milliken’s  Bend  on  the 
14th.  At  this  time  Brigadier-General  McGinnis,  commanding 
brigade,  and  Gen.  Alvin  P.  Plovev.  commanding  division,  the  regi- 
ment attached  to  13th  Army  Corps,  General  McClernand  command- 
ing. On  its  arrival  was  marched  to  Carthage,  thence  to  Perkins’ 
plantation,  near  Grand  Gulf,  thence  to  a point  opposite  Bruinsburg, 
and  on  the  30th  of  April  crossed  the  river  and  on  the  1st  of  May 
attacked  Port  Gibson.  The  11th  captured  a rebel  battery,  sustain- 
ing a loss  of  25  men.  On  the  16th  of  May,  the  army,  under  General 
Grant,  attacked  the  enemy  under  General  Pemberton  at  Champion’s 
Hill,  ITovey’s  Division  occupying  center  of  the  line,  sustaining  the 
heaviest  loss.  The  enemy  was  defeated.  The  loss  of  the  11th  Reg- 
iment, killed  and  wounded,  was  167.  Marched  to  Black  River 
Bridge  on  the  19th,  and  on  the  21st,  to  its  position  in  rear  of  Vicks- 
burg, remaining  in  the  trenches  until  the  surrender,  July  4th. 

July  5th  it  formed  a part  of  the  expedition  to  the  capital  of 
Mississippi,  under  General  Sherman,  and  returned  soon  thereafter 
to  its  camp  at  Vicksburg,  remaining  until  August,  when  it  moved 
by  transport  to  New  Orleans,  thence  by  land  to  Brashear  City. 
Louisiana,  thence  up  through  the  Teche  country  to  Opelousas,  re- 
turning from  this  point  to  camp  at  Algiers  and  Madisonville.  At 
the  latter  place  the  regiment  re-enlisted  for  three  years,  or  during 
the  war.  It  embarked  at  New  Orleans  for  New  York  on  the  4tli  of 
March,  thence  by  rail  to  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  the  boyhood  home  of  Colonel 
Macauley.  Here  the  regiment  was  royally  entertained  by  the  citi- 
zens of  Buffalo,  thence  proceeded  to  Indianapolis,  arriving  on  the 
21st,  and  Avas  publicly  received  by  the  Governor  and  citizens.  The 
11th  being  in  large  part  an  Indianapolis  regiment  its  reception 
home  was  cordial  and  enthusiastic. 

The  veteran  furlough  having  expired,  it  returned  to  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Gulf,  reaching  New  Orleans  on  the  8th  of  May,  and 
was  assigned  to  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  19th  Army  Corps,  and 
on  the  19th  embarked  on  the  steamship  Cassandra  under  sealed 


Eleventh  Infantry. 


215 


orders,  reaching-  Fortress  Monroe,  Virginia,  on  the  28th,  thence  to 
Washington,  D.  C.,  arriving  on  the  evening  of  the  29tli,  marching 
np  Pennsylvania  avenue,  passing  the  White  House,  was  reviewed 
by  President  Lincoln.  The  regiment  camped  near  Georgetown,  and 
on  the  following  morning  proceeded  by  rail  to  Harper’s  Ferry. 
West  Virginia,  reporting  to  General  Sheridan.  Advancing  to 
Cedar  Creek,  with  skirmishing  on  the  13th  and  14th  of  August,  sus- 
taining losses  at  Halltown  and  Berryville. 

On  the  19th  it  participated  in  the  battle  of  Winchester,  losing  in 
killed  and  wounded  81.  pursuing  the  enemy  to  Fisher’s  Hill  on  the 
20th.  The  Confederates,  being  flanked,  retired  on  the  22d,  and  on 
the  same  night  the  11th  was,  by  direction  of  General  Sheridan, 
given  the  head  of  the  column,  marching  all  night  with  two  com- 
panies. E and  D.  covering  the  advance  with  a line  of  skirmishers, 
advanced  to  New  Market  and  Harrisonburg,  which  place  was 
reached  by  the  army  on  the  26th,  skirmishing  frequently  during  the 
advance.  On  the  6th  of  October  the  return  began,  arriving  on  Sep- 
tember 10th.  and  going  into  camp  on  the  east  bank  of  Cedar  Creek. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  19th,  Sheridan’s  army  was  sur- 
prised by  the  enemy  under  General  Early,  and  but  for  the  fact  that 
the  2d  Division  (Grover’s)  was  under  arms,  having  been  ordered  by 
General  Wright,  in  the  absence  of  General  Sheridan,  to  make  a 
reconnoissance  (the  11th  belonged  to  Grover’s  Division),  the  assault 
would  have  been  more  disastrous.  Sheridan’s  ride,  and  his  arrival, 
tells  the  story  of  victory  snatched  from  the  jaws  of  defeat,  and  one 
of  the  most  signal  and  decisive  battles  of  the  war. 

The  Shenandoah  Valley  ceased  to  entertain  any  portion  of  the 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  The  regiment’s  loss  in  this  battle 
was  52  killed  and  wounded.  This  closed  the  active  field  service  of 
this  regiment. 

The  regiment  was,  on  the  completion  of  General  Sheridan’s  cam- 
paign in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  assigned  to  duty  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  and  reported  to  General  Wallace  on  the  7th  of  January, 
1865,  and  remained  on  duty  until  its  muster  out  on  the  26th  of  July, 
1865.  On  the  3d  day  of  August  it  returned  to  Indianapolis  and 
was  received  with  great  enthusiasm  by  the  citizens  of  Indianapolis, 
paid  off  and  discharged,  having  made  a record  of  creditable  service 
covering  a period  of  four  years  and  three  months,  as  well  as  having- 
attained  great  proficiency  in  drill  and  discipline. 


216 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Aggregate  August  31,  1861,  field  and  staff  and  noncommissioned 

staff,  musicians,  company  officers  and  enlisted  men 1,048 

Recruited  during  the  war S24 

Total  1.872 

Lost  in  battle  . 462 

Discharged  on  account  of  wounds  and  disease 164 

Loss  by  desertion  12 

Mustered  out  and  discharged  because  of  transfer  and  promotion  and 

by  reason  of  expiration  of  service 305 

Dismissed  and  sent  to  prison 6 

Total  040 


Approximately  700  recruits  were  assigned  to  the  regiment  early 
in  1865,  and  saw  no  field  service.  The  regiment  did  service  in  eight 
States,  three  different  armies — the  Tennessee,  Army  of  the  Gulf  and 
Shenandoah — and  served  in  three  army  corps — the  8th,  13th  and 
19th.  It  maintained  a brass  band  throughout  the  entire  service,  the 
officers  paying  the  band  a stipulated  sum  monthly  in  addition  to 
their  pay  as  enlisted  men,  this  after  the  government  ordered  all 
regimental  bands  maintained  at  government  expense  to  be  discon- 
tinued. Its  travels  amounted  to  9,300  miles. 

The  regiment  lost  during  its  two  terms  of  service  one  officer  and 
114  enlisted  men  killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  three  officers 
and  171  enlisted  men  by  disease.  Total,  289. 


Monument  of  12th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  1st  DIVISION  16th  CORPS 
12th  INFANTRY 


Colonel  Reuben  Williams 

Served  on  the  exterior  line  in  the  vicinity  of  Haynes’  Bluff  and  at  Oak  Ridge  from  about  June  12 
to  the  end  of  the  Siege,  July  4. 


(218) 


TWELFTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  12th  Regiment  answered  the  first  call  for  volunteers  made 
by  the  President  in  April,  1861.  for  six  regiments  of  three  months’ 
troops,  and  was  made  up  of  the  surplus  of  companies  that  had 
reached  Indianapolis,  and  was  accepted  for  state  service  for  one 
year,  on  the  11th  of  May,  1861.  with  John  M.  Wallace  as  colonel. 

On  the  lltli  of  June,  the  regiment  left  Indianapolis  for  Evans- 
ville, Indiana,  where  it  went  into  camp.  July  18tli,  orders  were  re- 
ceived from  the  War  Department  for  its  transfer  to  the  United 
States  service  for  the  remaining  period  of  its  term  of  enlistment, 
and  on  the  23d  the  regiment  left  Evansville  for  Baltimore,  Mary- 
land, where  it  arrived  on  the  27th,  and  on  the  following  day  moved 
by  rail  to  Sandy  Ilooh,  near  Harper’s  Ferry,  where  it  was  assigned 
to  Abercrombie’s  Brigade,  of  General  Banks’  Army  of  the  Shenan- 
doah. where  it  remained  in  camp  until  the  16th  of  August.  While 
here  Colonel  Wallace  resigned,  and  Lieut.  Col.  William  H.  Link 
was  promoted  to  the  colonelcy.  On  the  16tlr  of  August  the  regi- 
ment marched  with  the  army  to  Hyattstown,  where  it  remained  in 
camp  for  some  time,  watching  for  Gen.  Joe  Johnston,  who  was  re- 
ported to  be  at  Leesburgh,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Potomac,  with 
a large  force  of  rebel  troops. 

During  the  time  the  command  remained  here,  marches  were 
made  to  Darnestown.  Nolen’s  Ferry,  Seneca  Creek  and  Tuscarora 
Creek,  and  in  October,  to  Point  of  Rocks,  Urbana  and  Frederick. 
On  the  lltli  the  regiment,  with  the  command,  marched  to  Boons- 
l.oro,  Middletown  and  Wilfiamsport,  Maryland,  where  it  was 
engaged  in  picket  and  outpost  duty  until  March,  1862.  While  here, 
Capt.  Reuben  Williams,  with  seven  men,  were  taken  prisoners  by 
the  enemy,  while  out  on  a scouting  expedition. 

March  1st.  the  12th  crossed  the  Potomac  at  Williamsport  and 
marched  to  Winchester,  through  Martinsburg  and  Bunker  Hill. 
On  the  11th.  it  had  a skirmish  with  the  enemy  near  Winchester,  and 
on  the  following  morning  was  the  first  regiment  to  enter  the  town, 
which  had  been  evacuated  the  night  before.  On  the  21st  the  regi- 
ment marched  to  Berryville,  and  thence  across  the  Shenandoah  and 
over  the  Blue  Ridge,  through  Snicker’s  Gap,  to  Aldie,  where  they 
learned  of  our  vi  torv  at  Winchester  Heights.  The  command 
marched  back  to  AVarrenton  Junction,  which  place  was  reached  on 
the  3d  of  April,  after  passing  ever  the  battlefield  of  Bull  Run,  to 


220 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Catlett’s  Station,  where  the  regiment  remained  until  the  5th  of 
May,  when  it  marched  to  Washington,  where,  on  the  14th,  it  was 
mustered  out  and  immediately  returned  to  Indianapolis. 

The  12th  Regiment,  having  served  its  full  term  of  enlistment  for 
one  year,  immediately  after  its  return  to  Indiana  the  work  of  reor- 
ganizing this  regiment  for  three  years’  service  was  begun.  The  reg- 
iment was  rendezvoused  at  Indianapolis  during  its  reorganization, 
and  on  the  17th  day  of  August,  1862,  was  mustered  into  the  service, 
with  William  II.  Link,  its  old  commanding  officer,  as  colonel. 

The  regiment  was  composed  of  men  from  Allen,  Jennings,  Bar- 
tholomew, Jay,  Wells,  Noble,  Grant,  White,  Morgan,  Kosciusko  and 
Hancock  counties.  The  field  and  staff  officers  were,  at  the  time  of 
organization,  as  follows : 

William  H.  Link Colonel. 

Reuben  Williams Lieutenant-Colonel 

Solomon  D.  Kempton Major. 

Jared  D.  Bond Adjutant. 

James  A.  McClelland Quartermaster. 

Moses  D.  Gage Chaplain. 

William  Lomax Surgeon. 

Noble  P.  Howard Assistant  Surgeon. 


Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co. 

A.  James  Goodenow, 

John  B.  Conner, 

George  W.  Wright. 

Co. 

B.  Elbert  D.  Baldwin. 

Frank  H.  Aveline, 

William  H.  Harrison. 

Co. 

C.  David  P.  Clubberly, 

Hezekiah  Beeson, 

Edward  S.  Lenfisty. 

Co.  D.  George  Bowman, 

John  A.  Blackwell, 

Benjamin  F.  Price. 

Co. 

E.  Samuel  F.  Rooker, 

Thomas  M.  Peoples, 

Caleb  Day. 

Co. 

F.  Samuel  Boughter, 

Alonzo  H.  Hubbard, 

Edward  H.  Webster. 

Co.  G.  Jarne3  Huston, 

Eastley  Helms, 

Robert  Alfont. 

Co. 

H.  George  M.  Trotter, 

Joseph  E.  Hart, 

Joseph  Bills. 

Co. 

I.  Samuel  W.  Wells, 

Henry  S.  Westcott, 

Thomas  J.  Anderson. 

Co.  K.  George  Nelson, 

John  M Godown, 

James  O’Shaughnessy. 

On  the  same  day  the  regiment  was  mustered  into  the  service  for 
three  years  it  moved  by  rail  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  to  take  part  in  the 
threatened  invasion  of  the  rebel  general,  Kirby  Smith,  and  from 
Louisville  it  immediately  marched  by  rail  to  Frankfort  and  Lex- 
ington, Kentucky,  where  it  remained  a few  days. 

It  then  marched  to  Richmond,  where,  with  other  regiments,  it 
was  placed  under  the  immediate  command  of  Gen.  Mahlon  D.  Man- 
son,  who  at  once  moved  his  forces  some  eight  or  ten  miles  south  of 
Richmond. 

The  12th  Regiment,  since  its  reorganization,  had  never  had  com- 
pany or  battalion  drill,  and  most  of  Manson’s  forces  were  new  and 
in  the  same  condition,  amounting  in  all  to  about  6,000  men.  On 
the  morning  of  August  30th,  the  12th  took  part  in  the  disastrous 
battle  of  Richmond,  Kentucky,  against  Gen.  E.  Kirby  Smith’s 
force  of  30,000  seasoned  troops. 


Twelfth  Infantry. 


221 


In  this  engagement  the  12lh  lost  173  killed  and  wounded,  in- 
cluding the  gallant  Colonel  Link,  who  died  of  his  wounds  September 
20,  1S62.  Nearly  the  entire  regiment  was  captured,  and  a few 
days  afterward  was  paroled  and  immediately  returned  to  Indiana. 

Upon  being  exchanged  as  prisoners  of  war,  the  regiment  was  re- 
organized at  Indianapolis.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Williams  was  com- 
missioned colonel  of  the  12th  on  the  17th  of  November,  and  soon 
after  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  where  it  arrived 
on  the  25tli.  and  on  the  following  day  it  marched  toward  Ilolly 
Springs.  In  December  the  regiment  marched  to  the  Tallahatchie 
River,  and  was  stationed  at  Grand  Junction  in  January,  1863,  and 
in  the  spring  was  placed  on  duty  at  Colliersville,  Tennessee,  guard- 
ing the  line  of  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  Railroad. 

In  June  the  regiment  marched  to  Memphis,  where  it  was  as- 
signed to  the  1st  Brigade,  1st  Division  of  the  16th  Army  Corps,  and, 
by  order  of  General  Grant,  this  division  went  to  Vicksburg,  and  em- 
barked about  the  8th  of  June,  arriving  at  Haynes’  Bluff  June  12th, 
took  position  and  helped  in  fortifying  that  point.  By  order  of 
General  Sherman,  dated  June  26th,  the  12th,  with  its  division,  took 
position  on  Oak  Ridge,  near  Niely’s,  on  the  right  to  the  postoffice  on 
the  left,  where  it  remained  in  the  trenches  until  after  the  capitula- 
tion, when  it  marched  with  General  Sherman’s  army  to  Jackson, 
Mississippi,  ami  after  the  evacuation  of  that  city  returned  to  Black 
River,  where  it  remained  until  the  28th  of  September,  1863,  when 
the  12th,  with  its  command,  embarked  on  steamboats  for  Memphis, 
and  participated  in  Sherman’s  long  march  across  the  country  to 
Chattanooga,  to  the  relief  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland. 

On  the  25tli  of  November,  it  took  a prominent  part  in  the  battle 
of  Mission  Ridge,  losing  in  killed  and  wounded  110  men  and  offi- 
cers, and  immediately  took  part  in  the  pursuit  of  Bragg’s  fleeing 
army  to  Graysville,  Georgia,  and  from  there  it  marched  to  the  relief 
of  General  Burnside,  at  Knoxville.  After  relieving  Burnside’s 
command  and  raising  the  siege,  the  regiment  returned  to  Chatta- 
nooga. and  from  there  marched  to  Scottsboro,  Alabama,  reaching 
that  place  on  the  26th  of  December,  where  it  v7ent.  into  winter 
quarters  and  remained  until  May  1,  1864. 

On  all  these  long  marches  many  of  the  men,  being  without  shoes, 
suffered  severely  from  its  midwinter  weather.  May  1.  1864,  the 
12th  marched  with  its  corps  to  Chattanooga  and  took  part  in  the 
Atlanta  campaign,  participating  in  the  battles  at  Dallas,  Resaca, 
New  Hope  Church.  Kenesaw  Mountain,  from  the  22cl  to  the  28th  of 
July.  Also  at  Jonesboro  and  many  other  skirmishes,  losing  in 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


222 

killed  and  wounded  during  the  campaign,  240  men.  The  regiment 
then  took  part  in  the  chase  after  Hood,  through  northern  Georgia 
and  Alabama. 

Returning  to  Atlanta,  it  took  part  with  Sherman’s  army  in  the 
“March  to  the  Sea.”  It  left  Atlanta  on  the  14th  of  November,  and 
arrived  at  Savannah  on  the  10th  of  December,  from  whence  it 
marched  through  South  Carolina  to  Goldsboro,  North  Carolina. 
During  these  marches  it  engaged  the  enemy  at  Griswoldsliire,  Sa- 
vannah. Columbia  and  Bentonville. 

Upon  the  surrender  of  Confederate  General  Johnston’s  army,  at 
Raleigh,  the  regiment  marched  to  that  city  and  then  to  Richmond, 
Virginia,  and  thence  to  Washington  City,  where  it  was  mustered 
out  of  the  service  on  the  8th  day  of  June,  1865,  and  returned  to 
Indianapolis  on  the  14th  of  June,  270  strong,  and  was  publicly  re- 
ceived by  Governor  Morton  the  same  day.  During  its  four  years’ 
service  the  12th  lost  8 officers  and  92  enlisted  men,  killed  and 'mor- 
tally wounded,  and  2 officers  and  217  enlisted  men  by  disease;  total. 
319. 


- 


Monument  of  16th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  10th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
16th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Thomas  J.  Lucas 
Major  James  H.  Redfield 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion's  Hill,  May  16;  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17; 
Assault,  May  19;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4.  Casualties:  Killed  3,  wounded  22,  total  25. 


(224) 


SIXTEENTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


This  regiment,  in  its  first  organization,  was  composed  of  men 
who  responded  to  the  first  call  of  the  government  in  April,  1861,  for 
seventy -five  thousand  volunteers  for  three  months’  service,  but  who 
were  unable  to  get  into  that  service,  Indiana’s  quota  being  already 
filled. 

Governor  Morton  organized  the  12th  and  16th  Regiments  out  of 
these  volunteers  as  state  troops  for  one  year’s  service,  but  on  the 
day  the  country  was  startled  by  the  news  of  the  defeat  of  the  first 
Bull  Run  battle,  the  services  of  these  two  regiments  were  tendered 
to  the  general  government,  and  gladly  accepted. 

The  16th  Regiment  was  at  once  ordered  east,  and  left  Richmond, 
Indiana,  July  23.  1861,  being  the  first  regiment  to  march  through 
Baltimore  after  the  firing  on  the  6th  Massachusetts  Volunteers  in 
the  April  before. 

The  regiment  was  assembled  and  sworn  into  the  United  States 
service  at  Richmond,  Indiana,  in  May,  1861,  with  the  following  offi- 
cers: 


Pleasant  A.  Hackleman,  Rushville Colonel. 

Thomas  J.  Lucas,  Lawrenceburg Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Joel  Wolfe,  Rushville Major. 

Robert  Conover,  Shelby ville Adjutant. 

Henry  B.  Hill,  Carthage Quartermaster. 

Edward  Jones,  Aurora Chaplain. 

Elias  Fisher,  Richmond Surgeon. 

George  F.  Chittenden,  Anderson Assistant  Surgeon. 


Captain. 

Co.  A.  Thomas  A.  McFarland, 
Co.  B.  John  S.  Lee, 

Co.  C.  James  P.  Gillespie, 

Co.  D.  John  C.  McQuiston, 

Co.  E.  John  M.  Orr, 

Co.  F.  Paul  J.  Beachbard, 

Co.  G.  Albert  G.  Dennis, 

Co.  H.  William  Judkins, 

Co.  I.  John  A.  Platter, 

Co.  K.  Alfred  J.  Hawn, 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

David  T.  Sleeth, 
Thomas  S.  Reading, 
Henry  B.  Austin, 

Wm.  H.  Weyer, 

Wm.  H.  Greer. 

John  L.  Grove, 

William  J.  Fitch, 

Henry  L.  Francis, 
William  Copeland, 
Robert  Smith, 


2d  Lieutenant. 

Wm.  H.  F.  Randall. 
John  H.  Finley. 

Chas.  P.  Williamson. 
Conrad  Shomber. 
John  M.  Hartley. 
Silas  D.  Byram. 
Philip  Dexheimer. 
Samuel  Tull. 

Israel  Phalin. 
Courtland  C.  Matson. 


The  men  for  the  several  companies  were  recruited  mostly  from 
the  several  counties  following:  “A”  and  “II,”  Shelby  county; 
“B,"  Wayne  County;  “C,”  Floyd  County;  “D,”  Ripley  County: 
“E.”  Fayette  County;  “F.”  Rush  County;  “G”  and  “I,”  Dear- 
born County;  “K, ” Putnam  County. 


[15] 


(225) 


Indiana  at  V icksburg. 


226 


The  regiment  participated  in  the  battle  of  Ball’s  Bluff  and  other 
skirmishes  in  October  and  November,  while  encamped  at  Seneca 
Creek,  Maryland,  until  December  2d,  when  it  was  ordered  to  Fred- 
erick City,  at  which  place  it  went  into  winter  quarters. 

On  February  22,  1862,  the  regiment  was  again  ordered  to  Har- 
per’s Ferry,  and  thence  early  in  March  to  Charleston,  and  during 
the  months  of  March  and  April  it  crossed  and  recrossed  the  Blue 
Ridge  Mountains  three  times  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy. 

On  May  12tli,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Washington,  D.  C.. 
and  on  the  14th  of  May.  1862,  its  term  of  service  having  expired,  it 
was  mustered  out  and  returned  soon  thereafter  to  Indiana. 

Colonel  Hackleman  was  promoted  and  appointed  brigadier-gen- 
eral, and  was  afterwards  killed  in  battle  at  Iuka,  Mississippi. 

Colonel  Lucas  was  promoted  and  in  command  of  the  regiment  at 
the  expiration  of  its  term  of  service;  and,  under  his  direction,  in 
pursuance  of  directions  from  the  government  and  state  officials,  the 
regiment  was  reorganized  for  three  years’  service,  some  of  the  offi- 
cers and  men  re-enlisting  in  the  same  regiment,  while  many  of  the 
officers  and  enlisted  men  were  appointed  officers  of  new  regiments 
then  organizing,  so  that  the  majority  of  the  men  in  the  new  organ- 
ization were  new  recruits  who  had  not  seen  service. 

The  great  majority  of  the  enlisted  men  in  at  least  one  of  the 
companies  in  the  first  year’s  service  were  commissioned  officers  be- 
fore the  close  of  the  war. 

The  men  composing  this  new  organization  were  mostly  from  the 
following  counties:  “A,”  Fayette  County;  “B,”  AVashingtou 
County;  “C,”  “G”  and  “IT,”  Rush  County;  “D,”  Lawrence 
County;  “E,”  Dearboim  County;  “F,”  Miami  County;  “I,”  Vigo, 
Clay  and  Putnam  counties;  “K, ” Madison  County. 

The  field  officers  of  this  new  organization  were  as  follows: 

Col.  Thomas  J.  Lucas,  promoted  to  brigadier-general. 

Robert  Conover,  formerly  adjutant,  promoted  repeatedly  until 
he  became  colonel. 

Lieut.  Col.  Joel  Wolfe,  killed  in  battle  at  Richmond,  Kentucky. 

John  M.  Orr,  former  major,  promoted  and  resigned  on  account 
of  wound  received  at  battle  of  Arkansas  Post. 

Also  James  LI.  Redfield,  promoted  from  major. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  James  M.  Hildsette  and  James  R.  S. 
Cox,  former  captains,  were  promoted  to  major;  John  E.  AVilkins, 
promoted  and  made  adjutant;  Quartermaster  Henry  B.  Hill  re- 


Sixteenth  Infantry. 


227 


signed,  succeeded  by  George  W.  Wooster,  resigned,  succeeded  by 
George  F.  Williams,  all  of  Carthage;  chaplain,  Rev.  George  F. 
Gatch,  Dillshoro ; surgeon,  George  F.  Chittenden,  Anderson ; assist- 
ant surgeon,  James  D.  Gatch,  Dillsboro.  resigned  and  succeeded  in 
order  named  by  John  H.  Spurier  and  John  C.  Cullen,  both  of  Rush- 
ville,  and  Joseph  J.  Sadler,  of  Franklin. 

There  were  so  many  fatalities,  resignations  and  discharges  for 
disability  of  the  field,  staff  and  line  officers  of  this  regiment  and  the 
places  filled  by  promotion,  that  few  of  the  officers  remained  long 
in  the  same  position,  and  many  offices  were  filled  by  promotion  from 
the  ranks  of  the  enlisted  men. 

The  regiment  left  Indianapolis  for  Kentucky  August  19.  1862, 
as  soon  as  the  men  were  all  mustered  out,  and,  on  August  30th,  was 
hotly  engaged  all  day  in  the  battle  of  Richmond,  Kentucky,  with  a 
greatly  superior  force  of  veteran  troops,  commanded  by  Gen.  Kirby 
Smith,  in  which  it  lost  200  men  in  killed  and  wounded,  having- 
inflicted  an  ecpial  loss  upon  the  enemy  in  its  front ; but  at  the 
close  of  the  day  the  regiment  was  completely  surrounded  and  the 
greater  portion  of  those  remaining  were  captured.  The  prisoners 
were  paroled  and  sent  to  Indianapolis,  where  they  remained  and 
drilled  until  November  1st,  when  they  were  exchanged,  newly 
equipped  and  sent  via  Cairo,  Illinois,  to  Memphis,  Tennessee,  where 
they  arrived  soon  after  and  were  assigned  to  brigade  commanded 
by  Brigadier-General  Burbridge,  Smith’s  Division  of  the  13tli 
Army  Corps,  and  became  a part  of  the  army  which  proceeded  from 
Memphis  down  the  Mississippi  River  on  transports,  in  command  of 
General  Sherman,  in  the  first  expedition  against  Vicksburg. 

December  25,  1862,  a part  of  this  brigade  was  landed  at  Milli- 
ken’s  Bend,  above  Vicksburg,  and  the  brigade,  under  command  of 
General  Burbridge,  marched  sixty-five  miles  in  thirty-six  hours, 
destroyed  ten  miles  of  the  railroad  from  Vicksburg  to  Shreveport 
and  Texas,  including  bridges,  and  destroying  a million  dollars’ 
worth  of  cotton,  returned  to  the  transports  in  time  to  join  the  army 
and  take  part  in  the  unsuccessful  assault  on  the  well-fortified  bluffs 
at  Chickasaw  Bayou,  near  Vicksburg,  on  the  1st  day  of  January, 
1862. 

Being  repulsed  by  the  enemy  in  front,  and  driven  from  the  low- 
lands by  the  rising  waters  of  the  Yazoo  River,  the  regiment  re- 
embarked and,  with  the  rest  of  the  attacking  army,  joined  in  the 
expedition  that  proceeded  up  White  River  and  attacked  the  enemy 
m strongly  fortified  works  at  Arkansas  Post,  on  January  10,  1863, 


228 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


which  was  surrounded  by  troops  on  land  and  gunboats  on  the  river, 
and,  after  a hot  engagement  on  January  11th,  was  captured,  with 
5,000  prisoners,  with  cannon,  small  arms,  stores,  etc. 

In  this  charge  and  assault  the  16th  was  right  in  front  of  the 
main  fort  and  was  the  first  regiment  to  plant  its  colors  inside  the 
works.  It  lost  77  men  in  killed  and  wounded,  out  of  about  400 
engaged.  The  surrender  was  made  by  the  same  officer,  General 
Churchill,  to  whom  a large  portion  of  the  16th  surrendered  at  Rich- 
mond, Kentucky,  in  August  before,  and  among  the  wagons  captured 
were  some  taken  from  the  16th  at  Richmond. 

As  soon  as  possible  after  the  capture  of  this  stronghold  the  army 
re-embarked  and  returned  down  the  river  on  their  respective  boats, 
and  on  January  17th  the  regiment  landed  at  Young’s  Point,  Louis- 
iana, where  it  remained  for  a time  in  the  low  swamp  land,  assist- 
ing in  digging  the  famous  canal,  which  was  later  abandoned  as  im- 
practical, spending  a portion  of  the  time  in  strengthening  the  levee 
along  the  river  bank  to  prevent  the  overflow  of  the  water  in  the 
river,  which  was  several  feet  higher  than  the  land  where  the  soldiers 
slept.  Here  they  suffered  greatly  by  sickness.  Afterward  the  reg- 
iment removed  to  Milliken’s  Bend,  a few  miles  up  the  river,  where 
the  army,  commanded  by  General  Grant,  was  being  concentrated  for 
the  spring  campaign  against  Vicksburg,  which  really  began  March 
27,  1863. 

The  16th,  60th  and  67th  Indiana,  23d  Wisconsin,  83d  and  96th 
Ohio  Regiments,  and  16th  Ohio  Battery,  composed  the  1st  Brigade, 
commanded  by  General  Burbridge,  of  the  10th  Division,  com- 
manded by  Brig.  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith,  of  the  13th  Army  Corps,  com- 
manded by  Maj.  Gen.  John  A.  McClernand. 

On  April  14th  Burbridge ’s  Brigade  commenced  the  onward 
movement  across  the  country  and  down  the  west  side  of  the  Missis- 
sippi River,  by  land  and  boats,  through  bayous  and  overflowed 
creeks,  which  in  good  time  resulted  in  the  arrival  of  the  troops, 
after  many  hardships,  on  dry  land  at  Bruinsburg,  on  the  east  side 
of  the  Mississippi  River,  to  which  they  were  transported  from  the 
Louisiana  side  by  transports  and  gunboats  that  had  run  the  enemy’s 
heavy  batteries  at  Vicksburg  and  Grand  Gulf. 

Here  the  troops  received  five  days’  rations,  ammunition,  etc., 
which  were  the  last  army  rations  issued  to  the  brigade  until  arrival 
near  the  outer  works  of  Vicksburg,  on  the  18tli  of  May. 

The  brigade  then  began  an  all-night  forced  march  toward  Port 
Gibson  on  the  night  of  the  30tli  of  April.  General  Hovey’s  Division 
of  the  13th  Army  Corps,  having  preceded  Smith’s  Division,  had 


Sixteenth  Infantry. 


229 


already  opened  the  battle  at  daylight  on  May  1st.  and  the  10th  Di- 
vision was  placed  in  reserve  of  Ilovey’s  Division  early  in  the  morn- 
ing for  support,  but  later  in  the  day  it  marched  forward,  driving 
the  enemy  from  hill  to  hill  in  front,  holding  positions,  and  at  night 
bivouacked  on  the  battlefield. 

On  May  2d,  the  enemy  having  retreated,  the  army  marched  into 
Port  Gibson  and  remained  there  until  the  day  following,  when  the 
16tli  moved  forward  with  its  brigade  and  division. 

The  16th  remained  with  the  10th  Division  in  the  country  about 
Raymond,  makng  advances  towards  Edwards  Ferry  and  Black 
River  Bridge,  to  keep  the  Confederate  army  about  Vicksburg,  while 
other  portions  of  General  Grant’s  army,  under  General  Sherman, 
drove  General  Johnston’s  Confederate  army  away  from  Jackson. 

On  May  16th,  in  the  battle  near  Edwards  Station,  the  10th  Divi- 
sion first  discovered  the  enemy  on  the  Raymond  road,  to  the  north 
of  the  Federal  line;  the  16th  was  in  the  front  all  day  until  dark, 
constantly  under  fire,  while  the  fierce  battle  about  Champion’s  Hill 
was  waging  to  their  right.  It  was  under  a fierce  artillery  fire 
until  dark,  and  on  the  next  day  it  pursued  the  enemy  in  their 
front  and  took  part  in  the  charge  at  Black  River  Bridge,  and  after 
crossing  Black  River  the  16th  had  the  advance  of  the  10th  Division 
as  it  marched  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  to  the  fortifications  about 
Vicksburg,  and  joined  in  the  assault  on  these  works  May  19th,  and 
secured  a good  position  at  the  front,  near  one  of  the  main  forts  of 
the  enemy,  which  was  intrenched  and  held  by  the  brigade  during  the 
siege,  and  participated  in  all  the  operations  of  the  siege  until  the 
final  surrender,  on  July  4tli. 

In  the  assault  on  the  enemy’s  works,  May  22d,  the  16tli  bore  a 
conspicuous  part,  holding  an  important  position  for  nearly  ten 
hours,  perfectly  exposed,  near  one  of  the  main  forts  of  the  enemy, 
within  about  twenty-five  feet  a great  part  of  the  time,  and  from  this 
same  fort  came  to  members  of  the  16th,  then  on  duty,  the  Confeder- 
ate officers,  under  flag  of  truce,  on  July  3d,  which  resulted  in  the 
surrender  next  day. 

Immediately  after  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg,  the  regiment, 
with  the  13th  Army  Corps,  marched  to  Jackson,  Mississippi,  and 
participated  in  the  recapture  of  that  place,  causing  the  retreat  of 
Johnston’s  army  farther  to  the  east. 

Returning  to  Vicksburg  after  this  campaign,  the  regiment  went 
into  camp  and  had  a few  weeks  ’ rest,  but  soon  afterwards  was  trans- 
ferred by  boat  to  New  Orleans,  Department  of  the  Gulf,  mounted, 
and  became  a part  of  a cavalry  division, which  was  distributed  along 


230 


Indiana  at  Vicksbuhg. 


the  shore  of  the  Mississippi  River,  to  protect  transportation  along 
the  stream,  making  a number  of  expeditions  up  the  river. 

In  October,  1863,  the  regiment  took  part  in  an  expedition  to  the 
Bavou  Teche  country,  Louisiana,  in  which  section  the  regiment  re- 
mained until  January,  1 86-4,  when  it  returned  to  New  Orleans,  and, 
after  being  refitted  and  remounted,  it  marched  as  a part  of  the  cav- 
alry force  of  General  Banks  in  the  unsuccessful  expedition  up  the 
Red  River  country,  in  which  campaign  it  had  fifteen  engagements 
with  the  enemy. 

While  on  this  expedition  this  regiment  took  the  chief  part  in  a 
most  remarkable  surprise  of  an  outpost  of  the  army  of  the  Confed- 
erate General  Dick  Taylor,  resulting  in  the  capture  of  almost  an  en- 
tire regiment  of  the  2d  Louisiana  Cavalry  and  a Texas  battery  of 
four  cannon. 

Leaving  Alexandria,  March  21,  1864,  General  Lucas,  with  a por- 
tion of  the  cavalry  command,  including  the  16th  Indiana,  by  direc- 
tion of  A.  J.  Smith,  the  commanding  general,  reported  to  General 
Mower,  and  by  him  was  ordered  to  take  the  advance,  and  when 
about  thirteen  miles  out  beyond  Alexandria,  met  the  enemy  in  small 
force  and  drove  them  seven  miles,  to  Henderson’s  Hill,  where  the 
enemy  was  found  at  dark,  holding  the  hill,  occupying  a strong  posi- 
tion, not  many  miles  in  advance  of  the  main  Confederate  army. 

The  16th  Regiment,  mounted,  infantry,  equipped  with  field  rifles, 
was  assigned  to  the  advance  of  a detachment  of  infantry  and  one 
section  of  a battery.  It  was  ordered  to  make  a detour,  and  take  the 
enemy  in  the  rear,  making  a march  of  about  sixteen  miles  in  dense 
darkness  and  through  the  cold  rain  and  sleet,  when,  at  a distance 
directy  in  the  rear  of  the  enemy,  Captain  Jones,  of  Company  I,  a 
brave  young  officer  who  was  killed  in  battle  a short  time  later,  in 
command  of  thirty  or  forty  men  deployed  on  both  sides  of  the  road 
(he  and  a comrade  following  the  road),  where  a company  of  about 
forty  Confederates  approached  along  the  road,  and  were  com- 
manded, ‘"'Halt,  advance  one  and  give  the  countersign,”  which 
order  was  complied  with.  Having  secured  the  countersign,  Cap- 
tain Jones,  holding  his  revolver  in  the  face  of  the  officer,  who  had 
so  innocently  furnished  the  desired  information,  ordered  him  to 
surrender  his  command,  which  command  was  likewise  obeyed.  The 
Confederates,  being  ordered  forward,  advanced  slowly,  utterly  ig- 
norant of  the  situation,  and  as  they  halted  in  front  of  Captain 
Jones  they  found  themselves  surrounded  by  the  1 nited  States  ad- 
vance, who  had,  by  previous  direction,  came  from  each  wing,  expect- 
ing to  surround  a picket  post.  When  ordered  by  their  commander 


Sixteenth  Infantry. 


231 


to  surrender,  the  dick  of  the  carbine  was  heard,  but  fortunately  the 
men  surrendered  without  any  alarm,  and  no  noise  except  some  bitter 
oaths,  heaped  on  the  head  of  the  officer  who  had  ordered  the  sur- 
render. 

These  men  were  marched  back  under  guard  of  meu  from  the  16th 
Regiment  until  they  reached  the  advancing  column  of  infantry,  who 
formed  a hollow  square  to  receive  these  and  other  prisoners  as  they 
were  captured.  A portion  of  the  regiment  continued  the  advance 
toward  Henderson’s  Hill,  a portion  covered  the  road  towards  Gen- 
eral Taylor’s  army,  a short  distance  away,  at  the  same  time  Colonel 
Redfield,  commanding  the  16th  Regiment,  noticed  a light  in  a house 
in  the  woods  but  a short  distance  from  the  road  and  sent  another 
detachment,  who  surrounded  the  house,  and,  after  sharp  resist- 
ance, captured  Smith,  the  famous  rebel  scout,  and  fifteen  of  his 
men.  The  advance  soon  after  coming  to  the  picket  post,  halted, 
and  Captain  Jones  advanced,  gave  the  countersign  and  the  16th 
Regiment  rode  into  the  camp  of  the  enemy  without  the  least  disturb- 
ance, until  it  had  taken  position  just  beyond  the  rebel  camp  at 
the  side  of  the  road,  and,  while  it  was  doing  that  the  infantry 
advanced  along  the  road,  covering  the  other  side  and  almost  the 
whole  rebel  regiment  and  a battery  was  captured  without  a man 
being  killed  or  seriously  wounded. 

The  Confederate  officers  were  found  sleeping  in  residences.  The 
commotion  awoke  Colonel  Vincent,  in  command,  in  time  to  make  his 
escape  through  the  woods  in  the  darkness.  This  was  all  done  so 
quietly  that  a courier,  with  dispatches  from  the  general  in  com- 
mand, to  Colonel  Vincent,  rode  up  to  the  house  formerly  occupied 
by  the  Confederates  before  a guard  had  been  put  out,  and  was 
captured  by  a number  of  the  16th  Regiment,  who,  wet  and  cold, 
had  taken  possession  of  the  house  to  warm  themselves. 

And,  about,  the  same  time,  two  or  three  men  of  the  16th  Regi- 
ment, having  a disposition  to  be  inquisitive,  ventured  out  a short 
distance  along  a new  road  they  discovered,  and  were  captured  by  a 
picket  post  still  remaining  on  duty,  utterly  oblivious  of  what  had 
transpired,  and  were  carried  away  to  Tyler,  Texas,  as  prisoners. 

The  16th  was  actively  engaged  on  April  8th  at  the  battle  of 
Sabine  Crossroads,  and  the  battle  at  Pleasant  Hill  the  next  day. 
In  both  engagements  it  suffered  loss  in  killed  and  wounded,  and  in  a 
charge  made  in  the  second  day’s  battle  it  captured  the  flag  and  a 
number  of  the  men  of  a Texas  regiment. 

During  this  expedition  the  regiment  took  part  in  fifteen  engage- 
ments. 


232 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


On  the  return  of  this  expedition  the  regiment  was  ordered  to 
report  to  General  Cameron,  commanding  the  Lafourche  District  of 
Louisiana,  and  was  the  only  cavalry  organization  on  that  frontier 
doing  active  outpost  duty.  Here  it  remained  on  duty  till  ordered  to 
report  at  New  Orleans  for  muster  out  at  the  close  of  the  war,  where 
they  were  reviewed  by  General  Grierson,  who  highly  complimented 
the  regiment  for  its  appearance  and  faithful  service. 

The  recruits  belonging  to  the  regiment  whose  terms  had  not  ex- 
pired were  transferred  to  the  1.3th  Indiana  Cavalry,  and  the  old 
16th,  by  order  of  General  Canby,  was  mustered  out  of  the  service 
June  30,  1865,  and  proceeded  to  Indianapolis,  where  it  arrived,  July 
10.  1865,  with  365  officers  and  enlisted  men,  and  it  was  enthusias- 
tically received,  addressed  by  Governor  Morton,  General  IJovey, 
and  others. 

The  16th  lost  in  killed  and  mortally  wounded  three  officers  and 
83  enlisted  men,  and  227  enlisted  men  by  disease,  making  a total  of 
313  deaths,  and  very  few  of  this  three  years’  organization  escaped 
without  wounds  more  or  less  serious. 


Monument  of  18th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Table > Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  14th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
18th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Henry  D.  Washburn 
Captain  Jonathan  H.  Williams 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17 
Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4.  Casualties:  Killed  26,  wounded  103,  missing  1,  total  130 
Major  John  C.  Jenks  and  Lieut.  John  L.  Lowes  mortally  wounded. 


EIGHTEENTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The.  18th  Indiana  Infantry  was  organized  at  Camp  Morton,  In- 
dianapolis, in  the  summer  of  1861. 

At  a special  session  of  the  General  Assembly  of  that  year,  pro- 
vision was  made  for  organizing  six  regiments  of  state  troops  in 
addition  to  those  accepted  by  the  general  government  under  call  of 
President  Lincoln  for  75,000  men  for  three  months. 

When  the  next  call  of  the  President  was  issued,  a portion  of 
these  state  organizations  entered  service  of  the  United  States,  but 
a number  remained  in  the  state  service  as  parts  of  companies,  and 
also  many  individuals  from  other  regiments.  These  were  all  trans- 
ferred to  Camp  Morton  and  organized  into  battalions,  designated  as 
the  18th  Indiana  Infantry  in  part.  ' 

After  a short  sojourn  in  this  camp,  it  was  determined  to  dis- 
charge all  of  these  troops  except  such  as  would  enter  service  of  the 
United  States,  and  therefore  the  companies  were  recruited  to  the 
maximum  number,  and  by  addition  of  new  companies  arriving  in 
camp  the  18th  was  made  up  to  a full  regiment,  and  was  mustered 
into  service  of  the  United  States  August  16,  1861. 

Field  and  staff  officers  were  mustered  and  commissioned  as  fol- 
lows : 


Thomas  Pattison,  Aurora 

Henry  D.  Washburn,  Newport.  . 

DeWitt  C.  Thomas,  Salem 

Geore  S.  Marshall,  Indianapolis 

John  H.  Popp,  Richmond 

George  W.  Ames,  Greencastle. 
Samuel  W.  Peck,  Washington. . . . 
John  W.  Hitchcock,  Terre  Hau'e 


.Colonel. 

. Lieutenant-Colonel. 
. Major. 

.Adjutant. 

. Quartermaster. 
Chaplain. 

. Surreon. 

.Assistant  Surgeon. 


Many  of  the  field  and  staff  o'a  ers  ] esigned  cr  were  promoted  to 
higher  rank  and  were  duly  succeeded  by  those  next  in  rank,  from 
time  to  time. 

The  following  company  officers  were  mustered  in  with  the  regi- 
ment : 


Captain. 

Co.  A.  Jesse  L.  Holman, 

Co.  B.  Samuel  W.  Short, 

Co.  C.  John  C.  Jenks, 

Co.  D.  Rinaldo  R.  Rater, 

Co.  E.  James  R.  Bryant, 

Co.  F.  Peter  C.  Woods, 

Co.  G.  John  W.  Jones, 

Co.  H.  Wm.  Stanley  Charles, 
Co.  I.  Jonathan  H.  Williams, 
Co  K.  Samuel  Donalson, 


1st  Lieutenant. 
Andrew  P.  Dauch  e's, 
William  S.  Cooke, 
James  A.  Bell, 

William  W.  Shepherd, 
George  M.  Harrold, 
George  W.  Kimble, 
James  T.  Howell, 
James  B.  Black, 
Charles  F.  Johnson, 
Elijah  N.  Wines, 


2d  Lieutenant. 

Robert  G.  Cunningham. 
Parker  Pearson, 

Jasper  Nebeker. 

William  F.  Davis. 

Silas  A.  Wadsworth. 
David  E.  Adams. 
Theophilus  F.  Morrisor. 
Hiram  W.  Rooker. 

John  Tilson. 

Michael  Imhoff. 


(-35) 


236 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Vacancies  of  commanding  company  officers  occurred  in  all  these 
companies,  caused  by  promotion,  fatalities  in  battle,  death  from 
wounds,  sickness  or  resignations  during  the  service,  and  promotions 
followed  by  worthy  officers  next  in  rank. 

The  next  day  after  muster  the  regiment  proceeded  by  rail  and 
boat  to  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  where  it  was  camped  for  a time  in 
Lafayette  Park,  named  “Camp  Jessie,”  in  honor  of  the  wife  of 
General  Fremont.  From  thence  the  regiment  went  by  rail  to  Jef- 
ferson City,  and  on  foot  to  Boonville,  Missouri,  where  it  embarked, 
with  other  Indiana  troops,  on  boat  and  proceeded  up  the  Missouri 
River  to  reinforce  the  besieged  city  of  Lexington,  but  before  it  could 
reach  that  place  our  troops  there  had  surrendered.  After  an  adven- 
ture in  rear  of  Glasgow,  known  as  the  “Paw  Paw”  fight,  wherein 
the  Union  troops  fired  on  each  other  in  the  dark,  the  whole  force 
returned  to  Boonville. 

During  the  fall  and  winter  of  1861  and  1862  the  regiment  occu- 
pied various  camps  in  Missouri  at  and  near  what  wTas  then  the  ter- 
minus of  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railroad,  and  in  the  autumn  of  1861 
went  with  Fremont  to  Springfield,  and  after  he  was  superseded  by 
General  Hunter,  returned  to  the  railroad  and  participated  in  a 
campaign  to  and  capture  of  Blackwater,  where  it,  with,  other  troops, 
captured  a large  body  of  recruits  en  route  to  join  Confederate  Gen- 
eral Price’s  army. 

In  the  spring  of  1862  the  regiment  took  part  in  a general  ad- 
vance, as  ordered  by  the  President,  and  took  part  in  battles  of  Pea 
Ridge,  Elk  Horn  and  Lee  Town.  At  the  latter  place  it  assisted  in 
the  recapture  of  the  Peoria,  Illinois,  battery  of  artillery,  which  had 
been  captured  from  the  Union  troops  at  Pea  Ridge.  Later  in  the 
spring  the  regiment  marched  to  Batesville,  Arkansas,  where  it  re- 
mained in  camp  some  time,  and  from  thence  it  marched  with  other 
troops  down  the  valley  of  White  River  to  Clarendon,  Arkansas,  and 
from  thence  across  to  Llelena.  on  the  Mississippi  River. 

In  the  fall  of  1862  the  regiment  returned  up  the  river  and  spent 
the  winter  in  south  and  central  Missouri  in  severe  campaigning. 
Early  in  the  spring  of  1863  the  regiment  embarked  on  boats  at  St. 
Genevieve,  Missouri,  and,  proceeding  down  the  Mississippi  River, 
landed  at  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  where  it  joined  General 
Grant’s  army,  being  concentrated  at  this  point  for  the  campaign 
and  final  capture  of  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  and  was  attached  to  the 
Uth  Division  of  the  13th  Army  Corps.  With  these  commands  it 
participated  in  the  flanking  of  Grand  Gulf,  under  General  Carr; 


Eighteenth  Regiment. 


237 


battle  of  Port  Gibson,  May  1,  where  the  regiment  captured  a stand 
of  colors  from  the  enemy,  and  also  the  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill, 
May  16tli;  Black  River,  17th,  and  on  the  18tli  of  May  arrived  at, 
and  was  stationed  in  line  of  works  besieging  Confederate  fortifica- 
tions in  rear  of  the  city  of  Vicksburg,  where  it  actively  participated 
until  the  fall  and  surrender  of  that  stronghold.  July  4.  1863. 

During  the  assault  of  the  Confederate  fortifications,  May  22d, 
the  18th  gained  and  placed  its  colors  on  the  enemy’s  works,  where 
they  remained  for  eight  hours,  but  because  of  reinforcements  of  the 
enemy  and  heavy  cross-fire  on  the  regiment,  it  was  unable  to  cap- 
ture and  hold  the  works  in  its  front.  Immediately  after  the  sur- 
render of  Vicksburg  the  regiment,  with  other  troops  commanded  by 
General  Sherman,  marched  to  Jackson,  Mississippi,  where,  after  the 
evacuation  of  this  place  of  Confederate  General  Johnston’s  force, 
the  regiment  returned  to  Vicksburg,  and  was  soon  thereafter  trans- 
ferred to  the  Gulf  Department,  and  proceeded  by  boat  to  New 
Orleans. 

In  this  department  the  regiment  first  took  part  in  the  campaign 
of  General  Banks,  in  the  fall  of  1863,  in  the  Tec-lie  country,  in  oper- 
ations in  western  Louisiana,  from  whence  it  returned  to  Atcha- 
falaya  and  from  thence,  on  the  12tli  of  November,  embarked  for 
Texas  when,  on  the  17th  of  November,  it  engaged  in  the  capture  of 
a fort  on  Mustang  Island,  and  on  the  27th  in  the  capture  of  Fort 
Esparanza. 

January,  1864.  the  greater  part  of  the  regiment  re-enlistecl  at 
Indianola,  Texas,  and  started  home  on  veteran  furlough. 

On  arriving  at  or  near  Baton  Rouge,  the  regiment  disembarked 
to  aid  in  defending  the  Union  garrison  of  that  place.  After  dis- 
persing the  Confederate  forces,  who  were  organized  for  an  attack, 
the  regiment  proceeded  to  Indiana,  where,  after  its  thirty  days’ 
furlough,  it  was  ordered  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  joined  the  East- 
ern Army  on  the  James.  After  short  service  at  Bermuda  Hundred 
and  Deep  Bottom,  it  returned  to  Washington  and  joined  the  19th 
Army  Corps,  to  which  it  had  been  attached,  and  with  that  corps 
took  part  in  the  campaign  under  General  Sheridan  of  the  Shenan- 
doah Valley,  participating  in  battles  of  Opequon,  Fisher’s  Hill  and 
Cedar  Creek.  In  each  of  these  engagements  the  regiment  lost  heav- 
ily in  killed  and  wounded. 

On  the  6th  of  January.  1865,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Sa- 
vannah. Georgia,  and  reached  that  point  by  transports  on  the  16tli. 
and  was  occupied  for  three  months  building  fortifications.  On  the 


238 


Indiana  vi  VicKximim. 


3d  of  May  it  was  detached  from  General  Grover’s  Division  and  or- 
dered to  Augusta,  Georgia,  and  was  first  to  raise  the  stars  and 
stripes  on  the  old  United  States  Arsenal  at  that  place. 

Returning  to  Savannah,  the  regiment  was  later  transferred  to 
the  southern  part  of  Georgia,  where  it  remained  until  mustered  out 
on  August  28th.  1865,  and,  being  ordered  home  to  Indiana,  it  ar- 
rived September  17th  and  was  publicly  welcomed  by  state  officials 
and  its  former  colonel,  H.  D.  Washburn,  and  in  a few  days  was 
finally  discharged  from  the  service. 

The  regiment  lest  during  service  5 officers  and  68  enlisted  men 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  one  officer  and  130  enlisted  men 
by  disease ; total,  204. 


Monument  of  23cl  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  3rd  DIVISION  17th  CORPS 
23rd  INFANTRY 

Lieut.  Col.  William  P.  Davis 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1:  Near  North  Fork  of  Bayou  Pierre,  May  3;  Raymond,  May  12; 
Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-.Tuly  4.  Casualties:  Killed  31,  wounded 
1.57,  missing  24,  total  212,  Lieut.  Henry  C.  Dietz  and  Lieut.  Christian  C.  Zulauf  killed,  Capt.  William 
M.  Darrough  mortally  wounded. 


(240) 


TWENTY-THIRD  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  23cl  Regiment  Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry  was  organized 
pursuant  to  an  order  of  the  Adjutant-General  of  the  State,  dated 
June  24.  1861.  issued  under  the  authority  of  the  first  call  of  the 
President  for  troops  for  three  years’  enlistment,  although  a num- 
ber of  the  companies  had  been  recruiting  for  two  or  three  weeks 
prior  to  that  date,  anticipating  the  call  for  additional  troops.  The 
regiments  included  in  this  call  from  the  State  of  Indiana  were  the 
19tli  to  28th,  inclusive. 

The  companies  of  the  23d  Indiana  were  assigned  to  rendezvous 
at  the  old  fair  grounds  at  New  Albany,  afterwards  designated  as 
“Camp  Noble,”  from  which  point  southern  Indiana  recruited  and 
forwarded  several  other  regiments  during  the  continuance  of  the 
war.  Companies  A.  B.  C,  F,  II  and  I were  mustered  into  the  serv- 
ice July  27th,  and  Companies  D.  E.  J and  K July  29.  1861,  the  en- 
tire regiment  having  been  accepted  on  the  latter  date. 

The  following  officers  mustered  in  with  the  regiment : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF 

William  L.  Sanderson 

DeWitt  C.  Anthony 

William  P.  Davis 

Eugene  Commandeur 

Isaac  P.  Smith 

John  D.  Rogers 

Thomas  D.  Austin 

Robert  Kay 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co.  A. 

Frederick  Pistorius, 

Thomas  Krementz, 

William  P.  Orth. 

Co.  B. 

William  W.  Caldwell, 

William  M.  Darrough, 

Daniel  Trotter. 

Co.  C. 

David  C.  Kay, 

Marion  W.  Smith, 

Hiram  Murphy. 

Co.  D. 

George  S.  Babbitt, 

John  T.  Gleason, 

Madison  M.  Hurley. 

Co.  E. 

Thomas  Clark, 

John  T.  McQuiddy, 

Louis  P.  Berry. 

Co.  F. 

William  P.  Davis, 

John  S.  Davis, 

Harvey  C.  Moore. 

Co.  G. 

Alonzo  Tubbs, 

Lemuel  C.  Mahlon, 

Conrad  H.  Hiner. 

Co.  H. 

William  E.  Abbott, 

William  H.  Bullington, 

George  H.  Kendrick. 

Co.  I. 

Henry  C.  Ferguson, 

Benjamin  F.  Walter, 

Joshua  W.  Custer. 

Co.  K. 

Vincent  Kirk, 

Jerome  Beers, 

Silas  E.  Warden. 

It  was  not  until  the  15th  of  August  that  the  command  left  Camp 
Noble  for  the  field,  fully  ecpiipped,  except  as  to  arms.  The  first 
march  from  Camp  Noble  to  the  depot  at  Jeffersonville,  a distance  of 
about  eight  miles,  where  it  embarked  by  rail  for  Indianapolis,  was 
an  extremely  severe  one,  incident  to  the  heavy  knapsacks  and  per- 
sonal belongings  with  which  the  raw  recruit  was  wont  to  equip  him- 


. Colonel. 

. Lieutenant-Colonel. 
...  Major. 

Adjutant. 

...  Quartermaster. 

. . . Chaplain. 

. . . .Surgeon. 

. . . Assistant  Surgeon. 


(241) 


242 


Indiana  at  Vicksbdbg. 


self — though  he  learned  better  later.  The  regiment  arrived  at  In- 
dianapolis after  midnight  and  dragged  itself  wearily  to  an  already 
established  camp,  two  miles  from  the  station. 

Late  in  the  afternoon  of  the  following  day  it  commenced  its 
journey  by  rail  to  St.  Louis,  where  it  arrived  during  the  afternoon 
of  August  17th,  undergoing  another  weary  march  from  the  ferry  to 
camp  in  Lafayette  Park — these  little  insights  into  marching  being 
profitable  in  giving  the  new  soldiers  a slight  idea  of  what  was  to 
confront  them  during  the  four  years  that  were  to  follow. 

Within  a few  days  the  regiment  was  provided  with  arms  and 
remained  at  St.  Louis  until  September  9th,  during  which  time  every 
spare  moment  was  devoted  to  instruction  in  the  duty  of  the  soldier ; 
and  that,  coupled  with  the  constant  drill  that  they  had  received  at 
Camp  Noble,  had  so  improved  them  as  soldiers  that  as  they  marched 
from  camp  to  the  steamer  to  embark  upon  their  first  duty  in  the 
field,  at  Paducah,  Kentucky,  they  no  longer  appeared  as  raw  re- 
cruits, but  bore  themselves  with  the  nonchalance  of  tried  veterans. 

Paducah  was  reached  on  September  11,  1861,  at  which  point  a 
brigade  was  organized  under  command  of  General  Lew  Wallace, 
consisting  of  the  23d  and  lltli  Indiana  and  the  8tli  Missouri,  and 
attached  to  the  army  under  command  of  Gen.  Charles  P.  Smith. 

Paducah,  while  within  the  Union  lines,  was  harassed  to  a great 
extent  by  guerillas,  and  the  service  was  constant  and  warlike,  picket 
duty  was  exacting  and  arduous  during  the  winter,  and  night  alarms 
were  frequent  and  exciting,  all  of  which,  together  with  one  or  two 
small  skirmishes  with  the  guerillas,  inured  the  men  to  the  hard- 
ships of  grim-visaged  war,  and  placed  the  regiment  in  the  list  of 
seasoned  troops. 

On  November  6th  or  7tli,  the  regiment  was  attached  to  the  com- 
mand of  Brigadier-General  Payne,  for  a march  to  the  relief  of 
General  Grant  at  the  battle  of  Belmont,  Missouri.  Although  not 
reaching  that  point  in  time  to  participate  in  the  battle,  the  march 
was  probably  one  of  the  most  severe  of  the  many  in  which  the  23d 
participated.  Leaving  camp  at  Paducah  about  7 :00  o’clock  in  the 
morning,  the  march  was  continuous  until  after  9 :00  the  following 
morning,  with  only  four  or  five  short  stops,  not  one  of  which  ex- 
ceeded thirty  minutes;  but,  even  then,  before  reaching  the  Battle- 
field, the  command  was  turned  to  the  rightabout  and  started  back 
towards  Paducah  (the  necessity  for  which  is  not  apparent  to  the 
writer),  and  the  march  on  the  return  trip  was  continued  until  past 
midnight.  At  that  time,  not  yet  having  reached  Paducah,  Colonel 


T wenty-T  i ii rd  Infantry. 


243 

Sanderson,  in  his  devotion  to  his  men,  deliberately  withdrew  his 
regiment  (then  inside  of  our  own  lines)  and  went  into  camp,  at 
the  risk  of  court-martial  for  his  action,  although  the  balance  of  the 
command  continued  the  march  into  Paducah,  arriving  about  6 :00 
o’clock  the  next  morning.  The  23d  had  marched  continuously  for 
forty-one  hours  without  even  time  to  cook  a meal. 

On  this  march  the  men  learned  from  bitter  experience  the  ne- 
cessity for  lightening  their  burdens,  and  the  line  of  march  was 
strewn  with  heretofore  treasured  possessions — extra  clothing,  sur- 
plus bedding,  fancy  toilet  articles,  cooking  utensils,  anything  and 
everything  that  would  tend  to  make  the  way  harder  was  thrown 
away,  and  when  the  regiment  again  reached  the  original  camp  at 
Paducah  the  personal  belongings  of  the  men  had  been  reduced  to  the 
minimum,  and  gain,  cartridge-box,  blanket  and  haversack  only  re- 
mained. 

Returning  to  Paducah  the  following  morning,  after  the  men  had 
recuperated,  the  regiment  remained  until  January  2,  1862,  during 
which  time  fortifications  were  constructed,  the  23d  furnishing  its 
full  quota  of  men  for  the  work.  On  January  2d,  accompanying  a 
division  under  Gen.  Charles  F.  Smith,  it  took  up  the  line  of  march 
for  a reconnaissance  in  force  that  was  to  develop  the  Confederate 
fortifications  on  the  Tennessee  and  Cumberland  rivers,  convoyed 
by  the  gunboat  “Conistoga,”  skirting  the  south  bank  of  the  Tennes- 
see. Having  located  Fort  Henry,  on  the  north,  and  Fort  Hieman, 
on  the  south  bank  of  the  Tennessee  (which  resulted  also  in  fixing 
the  location  of  Fort  Donelson,  on  the  Cumberland)  with  the  sole 
intention  of  developing  the  fact  that  these  forts  were  garrisoned, 
shots  were  exchanged  by  the  “Conistoga”  with  Fort  Henry,  while 
the  infantry  made  a slight  attack  on  Fort  Hieman,  retired  at  once 
and  took  up  the  line  of  march  for  the  return  trip,  arriving  at  Pa- 
ducah on  the  14th. 

Little  mention  has  ever  been  made  in  history  of  this  particular 
campaign,  which  was  one  of  exceeding  hardship,  on  account  of  the 
rise  in  the  bayous  and  streams,  incident  to  what  is  known  as  the 
“January  thaw.”  The  troops  were  compelled  to  ford  numerous 
streams,  often  more  than  waist  deep,  and  wagons  and  artillery  were 
buried  in  the  mud  and  swamped  in  the  streams  to  an  extent  that 
compelled  the  infantry,  at  all  times,  to  furnish  assistance  in  order 
that  the  wagon  trains  and  artillery  might  be  moved  at  all ; and  in 
several  instances  guns  and  wagons  were  entirely  dismantled  and 
dragged  piecemeal  through  the  seas  of  mud  and  mire.  While  the 


244 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


entire  distance  going  and  returning  was  scarcely  150  miles,  yet  it 
required  the  greatest  effort,  constant  labor  and  much  suffering  to 
complete  the  journey  in  twelve  days. 

Returning  to  Paducah,  the  command  embarked  on  steamers, 
February  2d,  for  the  now  famous  campaign  of  General  Grant 
against  Forts  Henry  and  Do  nelson,  where  he  earned  the  sobriquet  of 
“Unconditional  Surrender  Grant.”  Proceeding  up  the  Tennessee 
River,  convoyed  by  the  fleet  under  command  of  Commodore  Foote, 
the  troops  disembarked  at  Camp  Union,  some  five  or  six  miles  below 
Fort  Henry,  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  on  the  evening  of  the 
5th.  On  the  morning  of  the  6th  the  command  marched  up  the 
south  bank  of  the  river  and  engaged  and  captured  Fort  Ilieman, 
while  the  gunboats  battered  down  the  earthworks  of  Fort  Henry, 
which  unfurled  the  white  flag  of  surrender  early  in  the  afternoon  of 
the  same  day. 

During  the  engagement  at  Fort  Henry,  Company  B of  the  23d 
Indiana  was  assigned  to  service  on  the  gunboat  “Essex,”  one  of 
the  heaviest  vessels  of  the  river  navy,  and  incident  to  the  cutting 
of  a steam  pipe,  caused  by  a shot  from  the  enemy,  a number  of  the 
men  were  killed  and  seriously  injured,  and  Lieutenant  Trotter,  of 
Company  B,  was  instantly  killed. 

The  weather,  in  the  interim  between  the  fall  of  Fort  Henry  and 
Fort  Dcnelson,  was  extremely  severe.  Snow  fell  to  the  depth  of 
six  inches,  freezing  at  night  and  thawing  in  the  daytime,  and  the 
regiment  was  fortunate  in  not  being  pushed  to  the  front  at  Fort 
Donelson,  remaining  on  duty  holding  the  ground  that  had  been 
gained  at  Fort  Henry  and  Fort  Ilieman.  During  a period  of  a 
week  or  more  the  regiment  was  absolutely  without  blankets  or 
other  protection  than  ordinary  clothing,  and  the  suffering  was  ex- 
tremely severe. 

After  the  surrender  of  Fort  Donelson,  February  16th,  on  or 
about  March  14th,  the  regiment  again  embarked  on  steamers  and 
moved  up  the  Tennessee  River,  on  what  is  known  as  the  Yellow 
Creek  Expedition,  a preliminary  move  to  the  concentration  of 
forces  at  Pittsburgh  Landing  for  what  was  afterward  known  as  the 
battle  of  Shiloh.  Stopping  en  route  for  a short  interior  expedition, 
the  command  under  Gen.  Lew  Wallace,  to  which  the  23d  was  at- 
tached, returned  to  the  steamers  and  disembarked  therefrom  at 
Crump ’s  Landing,  located  some  five  miles  below  Pittsburgh  Land- 
ing, about  the  19th  of  March,  and  from  that  point,  through  one  of 
the  most  terrific  rain  and  electric  storms  ever  experienced,  marched 


Twenty-Third  Infantry. 


245 


five  or  six  miles  into  the  interior  to  what  is  known  as  “Stony  Lone- 
some. ’ ’ 

The  23d  Indiana  was  the  first  regiment  of  the  command  to  leave 
the  steamers,  and  to  the  best  of  the  writer’s  knowledge  and  belief 
was  the  first  on  the  ground  in  the  concentration  of  forces  which 
afterwards  participated  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh — at  least,  it  was 
positively  the  first  on  the  ground  of  the  command  under  Gen.  Lew 
"Wallace  at  Stony  Lonesome,  although  it  is  possible  that  other  regi- 
ments had  disembarked  at  Pittsburgh  Landing  earlier  in  the  day. 

It  was  while  at  this  point  that  the  members  of  the  23d  were  com- 
pelled to  discard  the  very  handsome  cadet  gray  uniform  which  the 
State  had  provided  on  their  entering  the  service  and  assume  the 
blue  blouse  and  “camp-kettle”  hat — very  much  to  the  chagrin  of 
the  boys,  who  had  always  been  proud  of  their  natty  gray  suits.  Of 
course,  the  necessity  for  the  change  was  fully  appreciated,  the  Con- 
federates having  by  that  time  fully  adopted  the  gray.  This  neces- 
sity, however,  did  little  to  soothe  the  feelings  of  the  members  of  the 
regiment,  ivlio  were  particularly  proud  of  the  appearance  of  the 
23d,  which  up  to  that  date  had  been  unexcelled,  if  ecpialled,  by  any 
regiment  in  the  service. 

Up  to  this  time  the  23d  had  not  been  engaged  in  the  heated  con- 
test of  any  severe  battles,  although  it  had  had  a campaign  experi- 
ence in  the  way  of  arduous  marches  and  a number  of  skirmishes, 
which  cannot  be  mentioned  in  detail,  had  sustained  losses  by  death 
and  wounds  and  a depletion  of  ranks  by  sickness,  and  had  experi- 
enced hardships  and  privations,  which  entitled  it  to  be  designated  as 
a “veteran  regiment,”  having  had  in  all  probability  more  field  ex- 
perience than  75  per  cent,  of  all  the  volunteer  troops  that  were  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Shiloh. 

The  history  of  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  fought  on  April  6th  and  7th, 
1862,  has  been  too  frequently  written  and  criticised  to  make  it  nec- 
essary for  the  writer  to  attempt  any  elaborate  description  of  that 
memorable  engagement,  or  to  try  to  give  any  reasons  why  General 
Wallace’s  command  did  not  reach  the  field  of  battle  until  near  dark 
of  the  first  day.  Yet,  neither  the  23cl  Indiana  nor  any  of  General 
Wallace’s  command  was  idle  during  the  period,  as  they  were  march- 
ing constantly  and  making  every  effort  to  reach  the  field,  from  8 :00 
o’clock  in  the  morning  until  nearly  6 :00  at  night.  While  an  earlier 
hour  of  reaching  the  field  undoubtedly  would  have  brought  de- 
cidedly different  and  possibly  better  results,  the  writer  questions 
if  their  efforts  were  wasted  or  if  it  was  not  better,  in  the  long  run. 


Indiana  at  VioKSBrm;. 


24(i 


that  Wallace’s  veteran  command  should  lie  on  the  ground  and  in 
condition  for  the  second  day’s  fight,  rather  than  to  have  inevitably 
suffered  severe  losses  in  the  first  day’s  onslaught.  However  that 
may  be,  the  record  of  Wallace's  command  on  the  second  day  should 
fully  compensate  for  any  errors  of  judgment  that  may  have  oc- 
curred on  the  first. 

It  was  the  23d  Regiment,  supporting  the  9th  Indiana  Battery, 
that  opened  the  engagement  on  the  extreme  right  at  5 :00  o ’clock  on 
the  morning  of  the  7th,  and  there  was  no  period  from  that  time  in 
the  morning  until  the  command  reached  the  point  occupied  by  the 
skirmish  line  of  the  enemy  on  the  first  day,  about  6 :00  o ’clock  at 
night,  that  the  regiment  was  not  advancing  and  driving  the  enemy 
before  it,  excepting  of  course  the  intervals  when  the  retreating 
Confederates  made  their  determined  stands  and  required  sharp 
fighting  to  dislodge  them.  It  is  true  that  the  loss  of  the  23d  was 
not  extremely  heavy  on  this  date,  as  compared  with  those  of  some 
other  regiments,  yet  it  was  under  heavy  fire  constantly,  repulsed  a 
vicious  charge  from  a regiment  of  Texas  cavalry,  ahd  closed  the 
day  with  a loss  of  one  officer  and  51  men  killed  and  wounded,  which 
seems  almost  miraculous  when  one  considers  the  opposition  and  the 
constant  and  heavy  fire  with  which  it  was  confronted. 

During  the  campaign,  from  the  time  of  leaving  Paducah  until 
this  date,  the  regiment 'was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division 
of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee. 

Remaining  on  the  battlefield  of  Shiloh  until  April  17th,  the  23d. 
with  the  rest  of  the  army,  was  moved  forward  to  participate  in  the 
siege  of  Corinth,  Mississippi,  at  which  place  it  was  attached  to  the 
right  wing  of  the  13th  Army  Corps,  which  formed  the  reserve  sta- 
tioned at  Pea  Ridge.  But  before  the  siege  was  raised,  the  regiment 
was  detailed  for  outpost  duty  and,  accompanied  by  the  9th  Indiana 
Battery,  moved  to  Bolivar,  Tennessee,  which  forces  for  a consider- 
able period  held  that  point,  notwithstanding  the  continued  annoy- 
ance of  Confederate  cavalry  and  guerillas.  The  command  was  re- 
inforced from  time  to  time,  until  finallv  it  reached  the  proportions 
of  a division,  under  command  of  G-en.  Leonard  F.  Ross. 

During  the  summer  months  spent  at  Bolivar,  the  regiment,  with 
other  portions  of  General  Ross’  Division,  was  engaged  in  a number 
of  skirmishes,  two  or  three  expeditions  to  Purdy,  which  was  in- 
fested with  Confederate  cavalry,  and  finally  in  the  action  at  Purdy, 
on  August  30th.  In  the  meantime  a number  of  small  engagements 
occurred  in  the  vicinity  of  Bolivar,  mostly  fought  by  the  cavalry, 


Twenty-Third  Infantry. 


247 


but  supported  by  infantry,  of  which  the  23d  contributed  its  full 
share. 

On  September  1,  1862,  the  regiment  embarked  by  rail  for  .Jack- 
son,  Tennessee,  en  route  to  luka.  Mississippi,  and  participated  in  the 
battle  at  that  place  and  the  several  skirmishes  incident  thereto.  On 
September  19tli  it  made  a return  march  to  luka  and  participated  in 
a small  way  at  the  second  battle  of  Corinth  and  the  battle  of  Mat- 
amora.  Returning  to  Bolivar,  it  marched  to  the  Hatchee  River  on 
October  5th,  and,  while  not  reaching  there  in  time  for  the  heated 
portion  of  the  engagement,  was  still  in  time  to  participate  and  ren- 
der valuable  assistance  in  the  routing  and  pursuit  of  the  enemy. 

Returning  after  the  battle  of  the  Hatchee  River  to  Bolivar, 
which,  by  this  time,  was  occupied  by  two  divisions  under  command 
of  General  Hurlbut,  the  23d  remained  until  the  organization  of  the 
17th  Army  Corps,  under  command  of  Maj.  Gen.  James  B.  McPher- 
son, to  which  corps  it  was  attached,  remaining  during  the  balance 
of  the  war. 

During  October  the  23d,  with  a number  of  other  regiments,  made 
a forced  march  in  pursuit  of  Ripley,  during  which  time  it  accom- 
plished the  marvelous  feat  of  marching  fifty-two  miles  in  two  days, 
going  from  and  returning  to  Bolivar.  After  the  concentration  of 
the  17th  Army  Corps  at  La  Grange,  Tennessee,  in  the  early  part 
of  November,  it  took  up  the  line  of  march,  participating  in  Grant’s 
central  Mississippi  campaign  toward  Granada  in  his  efforts  to  reach 
Vicksburg  from  that  point — which,  as  is  well  known,  failed  because 
of  Van  Dorn’s  capture  of  Holly  Springs,  Mississippi,  and  the  de- 
struction of  supplies,  which  forced  the  abandonment  of  the  expedi- 
tion and  a return  to  Memphis. 

On  the  return  trip  the  regiment,  having  occupied  for  a few  days 
Oxford,  Mississippi,  reached  the  Yocknapatafa  River  on  Christmas 
Eve,  1862.  at  which  time  practically  the  whole  command,  and  espe- 
cially that  portion  to  which  the  23d  was  attached,  was  without  ra- 
tions, and  for  a period  of  nearly  ten  days  was  dependent  for  subsist- 
ence entirely  upon  a country  through  which  two  armies  had  already 
marched.  That  the  supply  of  provisions  was  extremely  limited  will 
be  realized  when  it  is  known  that  it  became  necessary  to  issue  ordi- 
nary dry  corn  as  the  only  ration,  from  which  subsistence  was  prin- 
cipally derived  by  grinding  the  same  into  meal  and  also  by  popping 
it  in  ashes,  which  is  very  delightful  to  the  children  on  a winter  night, 
but  it  is  not  a food  that  is  calculated  to  give  strength  or  encourage- 
ment to  a soldier  in  a hard  campaign,  nor  at  all  appropriate  as  a 


248 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


“Christmas  dinner.”  A variety,  however,  was  secured  in  some 
.instances  by  the  use  of  what  the  soldiers  designated  as  “nigger” 
beans,  being  field  beans  raised  largely  for  the  support  of  the  slave 
field  hands.  Later,  the  railroad  having  been  repaired  to  some  ex- 
tent, supplies  were  received,  and  on  January  10,  1863,  the  command 
marched  to  Colliersville,  Tennessee.  The  period  spent  at  Colliers- 
ville  was  extremely  severe,  because  of  the  extraordinary  cold  and 
heavy  snow,  followed  by  thaws,  which  made  the  roads  almost  im- 
passable. 

On  January  20th  the  regiment  took  up  its  line  of  march  to  Mem- 
phis, Tennessee — not,  however,  in  its  full  strength,  for,  because  of 
the  exhaustion  growing  out  of  the  severe  campaign,  inadequate  food 
and  lack  of  shoes  for  a large  number  of  men,  fully  125  were  com- 
pelled to  move  to  that  point  by  rail,  being  unable  to  march.  On 
this  trip,  however,  the  men  were  encouraged  by  the  prospect  of  se- 
curing a much  needed  rest  after  the  arduous  marches  through  cen- 
tral Mississippi,  as  well  as  clothing  of  all  kinds,  of  which  the  troops 
were  much  in  need,  preparatory  to  the  beginning  of  the  campaign 
against  Vicksburg. 

At  Memphis  the  army  was  fully  recuperated  and  newly 
equipped,  and  on  February  21st  the  regiment  embarked  by  steamer 
for  Lake  Providence,  Louisiana,  at  which  point  Grant  was  concen- 
trating his  army  for  his  combined  assault  on  Vicksburg  by  the 
army  and  navy,  from  the  front  and  rear.  Colonel  Sanderson  was 
detached  and  left  at  Memphis  in  command  of  the  troops  at  that 
point,  and  Lieut.  Col.  W.  P.  Davis  assumed  command  of  the  regi- 
ment. During  the  stay  at  Lake  Providence  the  levees  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi River  were  cut  by  command  of  General  Grant  and  the  sur- 
rounding country  overflowed,  as  a protection  from  assault  upon  the 
army  from  the  rear,  which  precaution  proved  wise  and  successful. 
This  measure  forced  the  command  to  move  to  a point  of  high 
ground  a few  miles  above,  locally  known  as  Berry’s  Landing,  where 
it  remained  during  the  concentration  of  troops.  On  April  17th  it 
moved  to  Milliken ’s  Bend. 

Grant’s  effort  to  divert  the  channel  of  the  Mississippi  River 
having  failed,  he  then  decided  to  run  the  blockade  of  the  Vicksburg 
batteries  and  carry  his  supplies  and  ammunition  to  a point  below 
where  the  armies  would  concentrate,  using  the  same  boats  after 
their  arrival  to  transport  the  troops,  which  were  then  marching  by 
land,  across  the  river  to  a safe  footing  on  the  Vicksburg  side. 

The  date  for  the  running  of  the  blockade  was  fixed  for  April 
21st.  Volunteers  were  called  for  to  man  these  boats,  and  the  23d 


T WENT Y-T 1 1 1 RD  I NFANTRY. 


249 


Indiana,  being  largely  composed  of  steamboat  men,  volunteered  in 
numbers  far  in  excess  of  the  demand.  The  steamer  “ J.  W.  Chees- 
man”  was  manned  largely  by  members  of  the  23d,  including  the 
captain,  pilot  and  a part  of  the  engine-room  crew,  as  well  as  many 
subordinates.  In  addition  to  that,  a portion  of  the  crew  of  the 
steamer  “Horizon,”  which  was  severely  injured  by  the  batteries  at 
Vicksburg,  were  members  of  the  23d  Indiana.  When  it  is  consid- 
ered that  these  were  simply  the  ordinary  passenger  boats,  without 
any  protection  whatever  except  such  as  could  be  temporarily  made 
by  piling  cotton  bales  around  the  boilers  for  safety  against  the 
enemy’s  shells,  that  the  pilot  houses  were  torn  away  entirely,  and 
that  the  bulkheads  (which  shielded  the  engineers  and  crew  from 
storm  and  weather,  but  were  no  protection  from  shot  and  shell) 
were  entirely  removed,  so  that  the  officers  and  men  who  manned  the 
boats  worked  in  the  open,  in  plain  view  of  the  gunners  who  were 
firing  at  them,  it  will  be  understood  that  it  required  more  than  ordi- 
nary nerve  for  men  to  volunteer  to  fill  such  positions.  And  yet 
there  were  a hundred  men  still  remaining  in  the  23d  Indiana  who 
bemoaned  their  fate  when  they  learned  that  their  services  were  not 
required  and  they  must  remain  behind.  It  is  true  that  the  loss  of 
life  in  the  23d  in  this  instance  was  not  great,  yet  it  stood  its  full 
proportion  of  wounded  and  sustained  one  death. 

On  April  25th  the  regiment  marched  from  Milliken’s  Bend  to  a 
point  opposite  Grand  Gulf,  a campaign  lasting  until  April  30tli; 
was  with  the  shore  forces  at  the  time  of  the  terrific  naval  engage- 
ment at  the  latter  point,  and  was  actually  in  the  engagement  at 
Port  Gibson  on  April  30th.  It  was  now  thoroughly  launched  into 
Grant’s  famous  campaign  in  the  rear  of  Vicksburg.  On  May  1st. 
the  23d  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Thompson  Hill,  or  Port  Gib- 
son, losing  one  officer  and  nine  men,  which  was  followed  on  the  3d 
by  a severe  skirmish  at  Bayou  Pierre. 

Continuing  the  march  towards  Vicksburg,  the  enemy  was  again 
encountered  in  force  on  May  12th,  at  the  town  of  Raymond,  about 
thirty  miles  from  the  enemy’s  stronghold.  In  this  engagement  the 
23d  Indiana  lost  127  officers  and  men  in  killed,  wounded  and  miss- 
ing, the  missing  consisting  of  one  officer  and  23  men  of  the  skirmish 
line,  who  were  taken  prisoners,  the  most  severe  engagement  for  the 
time  occupied  during  the  whole  Vicksburg  campaign.  The  regi- 
ment, having  become  detached  from  the  main  body,  had  marched 
into  what  was  practically  an  ambush  and  alone  met  the  onslaught  of 
five  Confederate  regiments,  two  on  one  side  and  three  on  another, 
being  almost  entirely  surrounded.  But,  notwithstanding  this  fact 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


250 

and  the  inability  of  the  men  to  reload  tlieir  guns  after  the  first  dis- 
charge, with  fixed  bayonets  and  clubbed  muskets,  they  successfully 
emerged  from  what  seemed  to  he  an  almost  hopeless  position,  fell 
hack  to  the  main  line,  reformed,  and  continued  in  the  engagement 
until  its  close,  near  nightfall,  when  the  command  took  up  the  pur- 
suit of  the  enemy  in  its  flight  towards  Jackson.  In  this  engagement 
the  color-bearer  was  killed,  but  through  the  heroism  of  the  second 
lieutenant  of  Company  C,  who  rescued  the  flag  and  reached  the 
rallying  point,  the  regiment  was  reorganized  without  disorder,  and 
without  a single  soldier  continuing  in  the  rear  of  the  color  line. 

At  Jackson  the  cMemy  was  again  overtaken  on  the  morning  of 
the  14th,  where  an  open  field  battle  was  fought,  lasting  until  late  in 
the  afternoon,  but  on  account  of  the  protected  position  the  loss  of 
the  23d  in  killed  and  wounded,  of  which  the  writer  has  no  exact 
record,  was  comparatively  small. 

On  the  morning  of  the  15th  the  command  retraced  its  steps 
towards  Champion’s  Hill,  arriving  on  the  field  of  that  battle  on  the 
night  of  the  15th,  and  was  the  first  regiment  to  come  to  the  assist- 
ance of  Hovey’s  division  during  the  heat  of  the  battle  on  the  16th. 
Although  engaged  from  morning  until  nightfall,  the  23d  was  fortu- 
nate in  the  loss  of  only  4 officers  and  14  men,  killed  and  wounded. 

The  enemy  was  pursued  during  the  greater  part  of  the  night  and 
was  again  overtaken  at  Black  River  on  the  17th — the  23d.  however, 
not  reaching  that  point  until  after  the  enemy  had  been  driven  back 
towards  Vicksburg.  The  latter  point  was  reached  on  tire  1 8th  of 
May,  the  regiment  participating  in  the  assaults  on  the  Confederate 
strongholds  May  19th  and  22d.  During  the  latter  engagement  the 
23d  reached  a position  immediately  at  the  base  of  the  enemy’s  en- 
trenchments, and  many  of  its  members  gained  the  top,  led  by  Lieu- 
tenant Zulauf,  of  Company  A,  who  met  a gallant  death  at  the  very 
crest  cf  the  enemy’s  works. 

The  23d  Indiana,  together  with  the  45th  Illinois,  held  the  posi- 
tion at  the  very  base  of  the  enemy’s  works,  which  was  the  center  of 
the  line,  in  Logan’s  Division  on  the  White  House  road,  until  the 
surrender  of  Vicksburg,  more  than  forty  days  later,  during  which 
time  these  two  regiments  constructed  and  exploded  the  mine  under 
the  particularly  strong  stronghold  of  the  enemy,  known  as  Fort 
Hill,  and  after  the  explosion,  which  occurred  at  4:00  o’clock  on  the 
afternoon  of  June  25th,  alternate  details  of  100  each  from  these 
regiments  occupied  the  crater  caused  by  the  discharge,  from  4:00 
o’clock  in  the  afternoon  until  daylight  the  following  morning. 
This  engagement,  because  of  the  peculiarity  of  the  situation,  urns 


Twenty-Third  Infantry. 


251 


conducted  by  the  interchange  of  hand-grenades  and  six-pound  shells 
thrown  by  hand,  between  our  own  troops  and  the  enemy. 

It  was  also  a volunteer  detail  of  Companies  E and  B of  the  23d 
Indiana  Regiment  which,  taking  advantage  of  their  position  at  the 
foot  cf  the  enemy’s  works,  constructed  the  famous  observation 
tower,  so  frequently  written  of  and  illustrated  in  publications  of 
the  time. 

During  the  whole  period  of  occupation  of  the  position  in  front 
of  the  enemy’s  works,  the  regiment  was,  of  course,  without  any  pro- 
vision for  shelter,  and  those  immediately  under  the  enemy’s  line; 
were  not  in  position  even  to  prepare  their  meals.  Consequently  it 
was  necessary  to  dig  zig-zag  trenches  for  ingress  and  egress,  and  the 
food  was  prepared  outside  of  the  location  and  carried  back  and 
forth  under  the  protection  of  the  friendly  trenches.  In  the  mean- 
time, not  only  that  portion  of  the  regiment  immediately  under  the 
enemy’s  works,  but  the  entire  command,  lived  and  slept  in  holes 
dug  in  the  hillsides  for  that  purpose,  which  served  as  a protection 
from  the  enemy’s  shells  as  well. 

During  the  period  of  the  investment  of  Vicksburg,  independent 
of  the  battles  in  the  approach  thereto,  the  loss  of  the  23d  Indiana 
was  5 officers  and  50  men  killed  and  wounded  in  the  trenches. 
During  the  entire  campaign,  from  the  crossing  of  the  Mississippi 
River,  at  Grand  Gulch,  to  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg,  the  total 
less  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing  was  212. 

When  the  troops  entered  Vicksburg  on  July  4,  1863  (although 
the  surrender  was  practically  on  the  2d),  the  23d  Indiana  and  the 
45th  Illinois  were  designated,  as  a post  of  honor  in  reward  for  their 
services,  as  two  of  the  few  regiments  to  enter  the  city  to  receive  the 
surrender,  marching  in  by  the  well-known  White  House  roach  In 
the  meantime,  General  McPherson  having  been  promoted  to  com- 
mand the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  the  17th  Corps  was  assigned  to 
Gen.  Frank  P.  Blair,  of  beloved  memory,  who  was  its  commander 
until  the  close  of  the  war.  The  regiment  remained  in  camp  within 
the  Confederate  fortifications  at  Vicksburg  until  August  28th,  when 
it  was  selected,  with  three  others,  under  command  of  Brigadier-Gen- 
eral Leggett,  for  the  expedition  across  the  State  of  Louisiana  to 
Monroe,  on  the  Ouachita  River,  for  the  purpose  of  ridding  the  coun- 
try of  guerillas  that  were  then  harassing  the  inhabitants  and  pre- 
venting their  return  to  legitimate  pursuits.  Upon  the  return  from 
this  expedition  it  remained  in  camp  at  Vicksburg  until  October 
12th,  when  it  was  again  called  upon  to  participate  in  the  expedi- 
ton  to  Canton.  Mississippi,  and  return,  lasting  until  October  22d, 


252 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


for  the  purpose  of  destroying  the  railroad  and  equipment  to  pre- 
vent their  use  by  t he  enemy  in  moving  troops  and  supplies. 

Returning  to  Vicksburg,  winter  quarters  were  established  at 
Hebron,  a short  distance  from  Vicksburg,  and  during  the  winter 
encampment  the  regiment  re-enlisted  “for  three  years  more,”  or 
until  the  close  of  the  war,  though  at  that  time  the  regiment  was 
very  much  depleted  in  numbers.  Having  as  yet  received  but  few 
recruits,  there  were,  according  to  the  best  records  at  hand,  280  odd 
of  the  enlisted  men  who  re-enlistecl,  out  of  a total  number  of  less 
than  500  then  reported  for  duty,  though  a number  of  the  members 
of  the  regiment  not  re-enlisting  were  before  and  at  that  time  trans- 
ferred, at  their  own  request,  to  the  navy. 

Returning  again  to  Vicksburg,  the  23d  Indiana  remained  until 
February  3,  1864,  when  it  accompanied  Sherman  on  his  raid  to 
Meridian,  Mississippi,  accomplishing  the  destruction  of  the  rail- 
road track,  its  equipment  and  supplies,  the  entire  distance  of  more 
than  one  hundred  miles  east  from  Jackson  to  Meridian,  thus  depriv- 
ing the  enemy  of  facilities  to  reach  either  Jackson  or  Vicksburg, 
to  harrass  Grant’s  and  Sherman’s  armies  encamping  at  or  near 
those  points. 

In  the  latter  part  of  March  the  regiment  left  Vicksburg  on  the 
regulation  thirty-day  veteran  furlough  and  returned  in  a body,  by 
steamboat  up  the  Mississippi  and  Ohio  Rivers,  from  Vicksburg  to 
New  Albany,  the  place  of  enlistment,  at  which  point  arms  were 
stacked  and  equipment  stored,  and  the  members  dispersed  to  their 
various  homes  for  the  enjoyment  of  a well-earned  and  much-needed 
rest. 

At  the  expiration  of  the  veteran  furlough  the  men  again  re- 
ported for  duty  and  moved  directly  from  New  Albany,  by  steamer, 
to  Bird’s  Point,  Missouri,  where  the  regiment  remained  for  a short 
time,  receiving  a considerable  number  of  recruits.  From  that  point 
it  proceeded,  on  May  5,  1864,  by  steamboat  up  the  Tennessee  River 
to  Pittsburgh  Landing,  marching  through  the  old  battlefield  of 
Shiloh,  via  Huntsville,  Alabama,  to  join  the  Army  of  the  Tennes- 
see, then  concentrating  for  the  campaign  against  Atlanta,  reaching 
Ackworth,  Georgia,  June  9tli,  where  it  was  again  attached  to  the 
17tli  Army  Corps,  under  Gen.  Frank  P.  Blair. 

During  the  many  operations  incident  to  the  siege  of  Atlanta,  the 
23d  participated  in  the  engagements  at  Kenesaw  Mountain  and 
Busby  Mountain,  between  June  9th  and  June  15th;  at  Big  Shanty, 
June  19th;  the  assault  on  Kenesaw  Mountain,  June  27th;  Niekajack 
Creek,  July  4th,  and  engagements  at  the  latter  point,  July  6th  and 


Twenty-Third  Infantry. 


253 


8th.  It  also  took  part  in  the  various  engagements  in  the  approach 
to  the  Chattahoochie  River,  July  8th  to  12th ; at  Decatur,  July  19tli; 
the  engagements  at  Leggett  ’s  Bald  Hill,  July  20th,  and  Peach  Tree 
Creek,  July  21st  (where  Gen.  W.  Q.  Gresham,  division  commander, 
was  seriously  wounded  and  succeeded  by  Gen.  Giles  A.  Smith), 
and  the  battle  of  Atlanta,  July  22d,  which  commenced  the  actual 
siege  of  Atlanta,  lasting  from  that  date  until  September  2d.  includ- 
ing the  well-known  engagement  at  Ezra  Chapel,  July  28th  (which 
battle  is  frequently  referred  to  as  “Logan’s  Battle,’’  that  general 
having  assumed  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  after  the 
death  of  General  McPherson,  on  July  22d),  and  also  participated  in 
the  heavy  skirmishes  about  Utoy  Creek,  between  August  5th  and 
7th.  During  the  entire  period,  from  July  22d  to  September  2d,  the 
regiment,  when  not  participating  in  the  engagements  named  above, 
occupied  the  trenches  and  was  under  daily  constant  fire. 

On  July  27th  and  29th  (or  within  a few  days  thereof,  as  the 
discharge  papers  were  received),  the  original  officers  of  the  regi- 
ment then  remaining  were  all  mustered  out  by  reason  of  the  expira- 
tion of  their  term  of  service,  except  only  Capt.  George  S.  Babbitt, 
who  was  promoted  to  lieutenant-colonel  and  assumed  command  of 
the  regiment,  and  the  writer,  who  had  before  been  mustered  in  as 
adjutant.  Vacancies  were  promptly  filled,  however,  by  promotion 
of  non-commissioned  officers,  selected  by  their  respective  companies. 
So  that  each  company  had  a full  complement  of  officers,  but  the 
vacancies  in  the  field  and  staff  were  not  filled  and  the  regiment 
was  without  field  officers  other  than  the  lieutenant-colonel  and 
adjutant  until  the  close  of  the  war,  except  by  detail. 

When  Sherman  made  his  flank  movement,  with  the  view  of  en- 
ticing the  enemy  out  of  the  works  at  Atlanta,  the  command  to 
which  the  23cl  was  attached  moved  on  to  Jonesboro  and  engaged  in 
a heated  battle  at  that  point  during  the  whole  day  of  August  31st. 
During  the  heat  of  the  battle  at  Jonesboro,  the  regiment  moved 
from  its  position  near  the  center  of  the  line  to  the  extreme  right, 
to  reinforce  General  Kilpatrick’s  cavalry,  which  was  being  hard 
pressed,  and  in  this  engagement  the  23d  was  under  a heavy  fire 
from  the  Confederate  batteries,  occupying  the  rifle-pits  of  the 
enemy,  from  which  it  had  been  driven  by  the  advance  of  the  23d. 

From  Jonesboro  the  regiment  moved  to  Lovejoy  Station,  Sep- 
tember 2d,  and  on  September  6th  returned  to  Ackworth  on  outpost 
duty,  until  it  joined  in  the  pursuit  of  Hood  into  Alabama  in  a 
campaign  lasting  from  October  3d  to  26th,  during  which  time  it 
took  part  in  the  second  engagement  at  Snake  Creek  Gap,  October 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


£51 

15th,  having  followed  Hood’s  command  almost  to  the  Tennessee 
River,  when  a rightabout  was  made  and  Sherman  returned  to  At- 
lanta for  the  purpose  of  making  preparations  for  the  famous  March 
to  the  Sea. 

During  the  period  of  preparation  the  23d  Indiana  was  en- 
camped at  West  Point,  close  to  Atlanta,  and  with  the  rest  of  Sher- 
man’s army  commenced  its  March  to  the  Sea  November  15tli,  reach- 
ing Savannah  on  December  10th.  During  the  march  the  regiment 
was  actively  engaged  at  the  battle  of  the  Oconee  River,  where,  on 
November  24th  and  25th,  it  was  confronted  by  a heavy  force  of 
Wheeler’s  cavalry,  and  again  encountered  the  same  force  at  the 
Ogooehee  River,  December  7th  and  8th,  these  two  engagements 
causing  the  greatest  delay  and  the  heaviest  fighting  that  Sherman’s 
army  confronted  during  the  entire  March  to  the  Sea. 

Arriving  at  Savannah  on  December  10th,  the  23d  Indiana  par- 
ticipated in  the  siege,  which  lasted  eleven  days,  during  which  time 
there  wras  heavy  firing  all  along  the  line,  though  fortunately  the 
casualties  were  not  great  and  the  regiment  suffered  but  slight  loss, 
there  being  none  killed  and  only  a few  of  its  members  wounded. 
During  the  period  of  siege,  however,  as  is  well  known,  the  troops 
suffered  to  a very  considerable  extent  because  of  the  lack  of  rations. 
Having  trusted  to  foraging  the  country  through  which  they  had 
just  passed  for  supplies,  and  none  having  reached  the  command  on 
arrival  at  Savannah,  the  army  wras  sorely  pressed  for  provisions 
until  the  day  following  the  evacuation,  December  22d,  when  sup- 
plies were  received  in  abundance  from  the  vessels  lying  in  the  offing. 

The  command  remained  in  camp  around  Savannah  until  the 
early  part  of  January,  1865,  when  it  again  took  up  the  line  of  march 
for  the  campaign  through  the  Carolinas.  The  23cl  moved  by  ves- 
sel from  Savannah  to  Beaufort,  South  Carolina,  and  experienced 
its  first  and  only  voyage  by  salt  water.  After  remaining  at  Beau- 
fort a few  days,  it  took  up  the  line  of  march  northward,  participat- 
ing in  engagements  at  Pocotaligo,  South  Carolina,  January  14th  to 
16th;  at  Salkehatchie,  February  3d  to  5th;  at  South  Edistoe  River, 
February  9th;  at  North  Edistoe  River,  February  12tli  and  13th;  at 
Congaree  Creek,  February  15th,  and  reached  Columbia,  South  Car- 
olina, February  16th,  and  remaining  there  until  the  18th,  was  pres- 
ent at  the  burning  of  that  city,  many  of  its  members  assisting,  un- 
organized, in  the  effort  to  suppress  the  conflagration. 

Leaving  Columbia,  it  proceeded  north  and  took  part  in  the  cap- 
ture of  Cheraw,  March  2d  and  3d.  and  practically  alone  captured 
Fayetteville,  North  Carolina,  March  11th,  having  double-quicked 


T WEN  T V-Tl  IIRD  I N FAN  Til  V. 


255 

for  a distance  of  four  miles  to  the  relief  of  a detachment  of  Sher- 
man’s Bummers,  who  had  had  the  audacity  to  attack  and  attempt, 
to  capture  the  place  unaided;  and,  but  for  the  quick  relief  of  the 
23d  Indiana,  which  was  afterwards  reinforced  by  other  regiments, 
the  original  captors  would  have  been  forced  to  abandon  it,  and 
possibly  a severe  battle  would  have  ensued  to  regain  it. 

Proceeding  north,  the  regiment  was  engaged  actively  at  the  bat- 
tle of  Bentonville.  North  Carolina,  March  19th  and  20th  (with  but  a 
small  casualty  list),  which  was  the  last  of  the  battles  fought  by 
Sherman’s  army,  as  no  actual  engagement  occurred  after  that  date, 
although  it  occupied  Goldsborough,  North  Carolina,  on  the  23d  of 
March. 

So  thus  it  will  be  seen  that  the  23d  Indiana,  which  marched  to 
the  relief  of  Grant  at  Belmont  in  November,  1861,  and  actually 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Bentonville  in  March,  1865,  can  be  truth- 
fully said  to  have  engaged  in  Grant’s  first  battle  of  the  war  and  in 
Sherman’s  last,  having,  directly  and  indirectly,  participated  in 
forty-three  engagements,  large  and  small,  exclusive  of  the  forty 
days  in  the  trenches  at  Vicksburg  and  the  eighty-seven  days  before 
Atlanta,  forty-two  of  which  were  actually  spent  in  the  trenches, 
every  hour  of  which  time  was  one  of  exposure  to  the  shot  and  shell 
of  the  enemy. 

At  Goldsborough  news  was  received  of  the  fall  of  Richmond, 
and,  with  light  hearts,  the  regiment  started  forth  from  that  point. 
April  10th,  to  continue  its  march  north  with  Sherman’s  army  and 
assist,  with  these  commands,  in  receiving  the  surrender  of  Johns- 
ton’s army  to  Sherman,  at  Raleigh.  North  Carolina,  on  April  26, 
1865,  the  glorious  and  befitting  ending  of  an  arduous  campaign  of 
almost  four  years. 

Following  the  surrender,  the  regiment  proceeded  north  by  easy 
marches  through  Richmond  and  on  to  Washington,  at  which  point 
it  participated  in  the  triumphal  march  of  the  concentrated  armies 
of  the  United  States  through  the  streets  of  the  capital  and  past  the 
reviewing  stands  of  the  great  commanders,  whose  ability  and  cour- 
age had  brought  to  a successful  ending  the  most  wicked  war  that 
had  occurred  during  the  age  of  civilization ; and  only  the  presence 
of  the  great  guiding  mind  of  the  loyal  side  of  the  conflict,  whose 
thread  of  life  had  been  snapped  by  the  hand  of  an  assassin,  could 
have  added  to  the  .jov  and  pride  of  this  crowning  occasion. 

From  Washington  the  23d  Indiana  proceeded  to  Louisville,  Ken- 
tucky, where,  on  the  23d  of  July.  1865,  it  was  honorably  discharged 
and  mustered  out  of  the  service. 


256 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  the  23d  Indiana  Regiment  did 
not  suffer  as  serious  losses  in  specific  engagements  (except  only  at 
Raymond)  as  did  many  other  regiments,  yet  the  constant  drain 
upon  its  members  from  deaths  and  wounds,  which  it  incurred  by 
the  small  numbers  killed  anti  wounded  here  and  there  in  skir- 
mishes and  smaller  engagements,  made  the  aggregate,  as  set  forth 
in  General  Terrell ’s  report,  from  the  time  of  its  muster-in  until 
its  muster-out,  killed  in  battle  and  died  of  wounds  345  men,  died  of 
disease  179,  making  a grand  total  of  loss  by  death  alone  524,  to 
say  nothing  of  the  great  number  that  were  necessarily  discharged 
from  service  on  account  of  diseases  contracted  and  wounds  re- 
ceived. There  may  have  been  many  other  regiments  participating 
in  war  whose  death  losses  and  campaigns  were  greater,  but  the  23d 
Indiana  achieved  a record  of  which  the  State,  as  well  as  its  mem- 
bers, should  be  justly  proud. 


[17 


Monument  of  24tli  Infantry 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  12th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
24th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  William  T.  Sficely 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July 
4.  Casualties:  Killed  32,  wounded  184,  missing  8,  total  224;  Cant.  Felix  G.  Welman  killed,  Lieut. 
James  II . Baldwin,  Lieut.  Jesse  L.  Cain  and  Asst.  Surg.  T.  W.  C.  Williamson  mortally  wounded. 


(258) 


TWENTY-FOURTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  24th  Regiment,  Indiana  Infantry  Volunteers,  was  one  of 
the  ten  regiments  called  for  by  Governor  Morton,  under  authority 
of  the  general  government,  dated  June  22cl,  1861.  The  several 
companies  rendezvoused  at  Camp  Knox,  near  Vincennes,  and  were 
under  the  supervision  of  Hon.  Cyrus  M.  Allen  until  regularly  mus- 
tered in.  The  companies  were  recruited  and  organized  principally 
in  the  counties  in  the  southwestern  part  of  the  State. 

The  24th  was  mustered  into  the  service  on  July  21st,  1861,  by 
Lieut.  Col.  T.  J.  Wood,  U.  S.  A.,  with  the  following  officers: 


Alvin  P.  Hovey . . . 

John  Gerber 

Cyrus  C.  Hines. . . 
Richard  F.  Barter 
John  M.  Clark.  . . . 
Robert  B.  Jessup. . 
John  W.  Davis. . . 
Charles  Fitch 


Colonel. 

Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Major. 

Adjutant. 

Quartermaster. 

Surgeon. 

Assistant  Surgeon. 
Chaplain. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 


Captain . 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co.  A.  Hugh  Erwin, 

George  Sheeks, 

Hiram  F.  Braxton. 

Co.  B.  Solomon  Dill, 

John  W.  Tucker, 

Stephen  H.  Southwick. 

Co.  C.  John  F.  Grill, 

Charles  Larch, 

William  Miller. 

Co.  D.  Nelson  F.  Bolton, 

Jacob  Covert, 

Samuel  M.  Smith. 

Co.  E.  Samuel  R.  Morgan, 

John  E.  Phillips, 

John  T.  DeWeese. 

Co.  F.  Amazon  Connett, 

Thomas  E.  Ashley, 

Joseph  A.  Sanders. 

Co.  G.  William  T.  Spicely, 

Charles  S.  Jenkins, 

Arthur  W.  Grajr. 

Co.  H.  William  L.  Merrick, 

John  B.  Hutchins, 

James  I.  Jones. 

Co.  I.  Samuel  F.  McGuffin, 

James  Wood, 

Benjamin  J.  Summers. 

Co.  K.  Thomas  Johnson, 

Francis  M.  Redburn, 

William  S.  Pollard. 

On  August  18,  1861.  the  24tli  left  Camp  Knox  to  join  Fremont’s 
army  at  St.  Louis.  The  regiment  Avas  encamped  at  Carondelet, 
guarding  gunboats  being  built  by  the  government,  and  drilling 
until  the  middle  of  September,  when  it  moved  to  Jefferson  City,  and 
then  to  GeorgetoAvn.  In  October  it  took  part  in  the  march  of  Gen- 
eral Fremont’s  army  to  Springfield  and  back  again  to  Otterville, 
marching  250  miles  in  tAvo  Aveeks. 

The  regiment  then  camped  at  Lamine  River  bridge,  and  started 
to  build  winter  quarters,  when,  on  December  15th,  it  Avas  ordered  to 
join  an  expedition  to  Warrensburg,  forming  part  of  the  auxiliary 
force  that  captured  1,300  prisoners,  1.200  stand  of  arms,  nearly  100 
Avagons  and  a large  quantity  of  supplies  and  driving  General  Price 
back  towards  the  southern  part  of  Missouri. 


(259) 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


260 


The  regiment  returned  to  its  Lamine  camp  and  remained  until 
February  7,  1862,  when  it  was  ordered  to  reinforce  Grant’s  army, 
then  investing  Fort  Donelson.  On  arriving  at  Paducah  the  news  of 
the  surrender  of  Fort  Donelson  was  received,  but  the  regiment  pro- 
ceeded up  the  Cumberland  to  Dover,  where  it  went  into  camp  for 
several  days,  then  moving  to  Fort  Henry,  and  thence,  with  Grant’s 
army,  up  the  Tennessee  River.  The  24th  was  at  that  time  in  the 
1st  Brigade,  3d  Division,  Army  of  the  Tennessee.  The  3d  Division, 
commanded  by  Gen.  Lew  Wallace,  camped  at  Crump’s  Landing, 
From  there  the  regiment  went  on  several  scouting  expeditions,  re- 
turning from  one  in  the  evening  of  April  5th,  mud-bedraggled,  wet 
and  tired  out.  Sunday,  April  6th,  opened  up  a fine  day,  and  the 
men  of  the  24tli  anticipated  rather  a restful  time,  with  no  other 
duty  than  the  regular  Sunday  morning  inspection ; but  the  distant 
boom  of  cannon  gave  intimation  of  more  serious  work.  The  battle 
of  Shiloh  was  on. 

General  Wallace  at  once  formed  his  division,  ready  to  move  at 
the  order,  which  was  received  a little  before  noon.  After  proceed- 
ing several  miles,  a staff  officer  from  General  Grant  informed  Gen- 
eral Wallace  that  the  right  of  the  Union  lines  had  been  forced  back ; 
this  necessitated  a countermarch,  consequently  the  division  did  not 
arrive  on  the  battlefield  until  evening,  after  the  fighting  had  ceased. 
The  soldiers  bivouacked  on  the  field,  and  partook  of  a cold  supper, 
fires  not  being  permitted.  Several  drenching  showers  during  the 
night,  and  the  firing,  at  regular  intervals,  of  the  big  guns  of  the 
gunboats  Tyler  and  Lexington,  prevented  unbroken  sleep.  The 
piteous  cries  of  the  wounded  could  be  heard  throughout  the  night. 

At  daybreak  next  day  the  division  was  quietly  formed  and 
moved  to  its  position,  on  the  extreme  right  of  the  line  of  battle. 
The  first  shot  of  the  day  was  tired  by  the  9th  Indiana  Battery,  and 
soon  thereafter  the  24tli  received  its  baptism  of  blood.  It  was  tried 
in  the  line  of  battle  and  proved  itself  worthy.  The  regiment  ad- 
vanced steadily  the  whole  day,  being  several  times  subjected  to  se- 
vere fire,  both  by  artillery  and  musketry.  Every  company  of  the 
24th  was,  at  some  time  during  the  tight,  deployed  as  skirmishers. 
It  fought  gallantly  the  whole  day,  and  halted  on  the  south  side  of 
Shiloh  Branch,  when  the  enemy  was  in  full  retreat,  and  victory  was 
assured  to  the  Union  arms.  The  loss  of  the  24th  in  this,  its  first 
battle,  was  6 killed  and  45  wounded.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Gerber, 
Captain  McGuffin,  Lieutenant  Southwiek  were  among  the  killed. 

During  the  latter  part  of  April  the  regiment  engaged  in  sev- 
eral scouting  expeditions,  and,  on  May  4tli,  marched  to  Pea  Ridge, 


Twenty-Fourth  Infantr y. 


261 


Mississippi,  going  into  camp  as  a reserve  for  the  army  investing 
Corinth. 

June  2,  1862,  Wallace’s  Division  started  on  the  cross-country 
march  for  Memphis,  where  it  arrived  June  17th,  going  into  camp 
on  the  bluff  in  front  of  the  city,  and  remained  two  weeks. 

July  1st,  the  24tli  embarked  on  a steamboat  and  moved  down 
the  Mississippi  and  up  White  River,  scouting  along  the  stream  as 
far  up  as  Clarendon,  and  then  returned,  going  into  camp  at  Helena. 
Arkansas. 

The  following  nine  months  were  put  in  by  the  regiment  in  cam- 
paigning over  Arkansas,  and  scouting  up  and  down  the  Mississippi 
and  its  tributaries,  with  headquarters  at  Helena.  Frequent  skir- 
mishes with  the  enemy  tended  to  add  a little  spice  of  danger  to  the 
otherwise  rather  tame  and  tiresome  tramping  over  the  wilds  of  Ar- 
kansas. 

On  April  10,  1863.  the  24th  boarded  transports  and  moved  down 
the  river  towards  Vicksburg,  arriving  at  Milliken’s  Bend,  and  went 
into  camp  to  prepare  for  a strenuous  campaign.  All  impedimenta, 
wagons,  tents,  camp  equipment,  etc.,  were  left  here.  Officers  and 
men  were  put  in  light  marching  order,  ammunition  was  issued,  100 
rounds  per  man.  The  regiment  at  that  time  was  in  the  1st  Brigade, 
General  McGinnis;  12tli  Division,  General  Hovey ; 13tli  Army  Corps, 
General  McClernand.  On  the  march  from  Milliken ’s  Bend  to  Hard 
Times  Landing,  Hovey ’s  Division  did  an  immense  amount  of  work 
in  building  bridges  and  cutting  roads  through  swamps,  at  times 
working  in  water  nearly  waist  deep. 

On  April  28th,  the  24th,  with  other  troops,  embarked  on  “The 
Forest  Queen,”  and  at  3 o’clock  next  morning  a fleet  of  transports, 
protected  by  gunboats,  steamed  down  the  river.  It  was  as  highly 
interested  spectators  that  the  24th  Regiment,  during  five  or  six 
hours  of  April  29th,  witnessed  the  bombardment  of  Grand  Gulf, 
with  the  possibility  staling  them  in  the  face  of  having  to  storm 
that  strong  position,  as  soon  as  Admiral  Porter  had  succeeded  in 
silencing  the  guns.  The  rebel  batteries  were  not  affected  by  Por- 
ter’s fire,  however  fierce  and  heavy  and  well-directed  though  it  w-as, 
so  the  troops  disembarked  and  marched  across  the  point  to  Hard 
Times  Landing,  where  they  bivouacked.  During  the  night  the  gun- 
boats and  transports  successfully  ran  the  Grand  Gulf  batteries,  and 
early  next  day,  April  30tli,  the  soldiers  embarked  on  them.  The 
24th  was  put  on  the  gunboat  “Benton,”  Admiral  Porter’s  flagship. 
General  Grant  and  his  staff  were  also  on  the  Benton.  The  fleet 
dropped  down  the  river  a few  miles  and  landed  at  Bruinsburg, 


262 


Indtana  at  Vicksburg. 


where  the  troops  disembarked,  taking  up  the  march  toward  the 
bluff  late  in  the  day. 

May  1st  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson  was  fought,  the  24th  doing 
its  full  share  of  lighting  and  maneuvering.  The  regiment’s  loss  in 
killed  and  wounded  was  18.  The  march  into  the  interior  was  re- 
sumed May  3d.  the  24th  acting  as  flanking  regiment  the  whole  day. 

During  the  following  two  weeks,  often  drenched  to  the  skin  by 
thunderstorms,  weary  with  marching  on  slippery  roads,  the  soldiers 
bivouacked  at  night  on  miry  ground.  Although  put  on  one-fourth 
rations  the  troops  did  not  suffer  hunger,  considerable  corn  meal  and 
bacon  being  picked  up  here  and  there  along  the  route,  and  roasting 
ears  were  to  be  had  for  the  mere  picking. 

The  battle  of  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16th,  was  the  hardest  fought 
battle  of  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  and  Ilovey’s  Division  bore  the 
brunt  of  the  fighting,  losing  1,202  men  and  59  officers.  The  24th 
lost  201  officers  and  men,  killed  and  wounded.  Among  the  killed 
were  Felix  G.  Welman,  Lieut.  Jesse  L.  Cain  and  Assistant  Surgeon 
Thomas  W.  C.  Williamson.  Lieut.  Col.  R.  F.  Barter  was  severely 
wounded  as  he  seized  the  falling  colors.  Capts.  Ewing  Roberts  and 
Samuel  M.  Smith  also  were  wounded.  In  this  battle  several  com- 
panies of  the  24th  and  lltli  Regiments  lost  more  than  one-half  of 
their  members  engaged. 

With  the  enemy  outnumbering  him  three  to  one,  Hovey  fought 
him  with  bulldog  tenacity  and  fierce  combativeness.  He  was  ably 
seconded  by  his  subordinate  officers,  as  they  were  by  the  men. 
Vicksburg,  so  long  striven  for,  was  understood  to  hang  in  the  bal- 
ance, as  it  was  the  garrison  of  that  citadel  which  contested  the  field. 

Seldom,  perhaps  never,  was  a battle  more  stubbornly  fought. 
Hovey’s  veterans,  hard  pressed,  swayed  backward  and  forward,  and 
back  again,  rising  and  falling,  like  a sea  lashing  the  rocky  shore, 
Can  they  hold  their  ground  until  the  promised  help  comes?  was  the 
cry.  Again  and  again  they  rally  to  the  colors.  At  last  the  long- 
lookecl-for  reinforcements  arrive.  The  foe  is  checked.  One  more 
determined  charge  is  made  on  his  lines,  and  exultant  cheers  pro- 
claim the  success  of  that  last  desperate  onset,  and  the  enemy  is  in 
full  retreat.  The  pursuit  is  taken  up  by  fresh  troops,  and  Hovey’s 
tired  heroes  rest  on  the  bloody  field.  The  enemy  routed  and  the 
battle  won,  General  Hovey  rode  along  the  thin  and  broken  lines  of 
his  division  as  they  rested.  He  stopped  in  front  of  the  24th,  his 
old  regiment,  missing  many  a familiar  face.  “Where  are  the  rest 
of  my  boys?”  “They  are  lying  over  there,”  replied  the  man  to 
whom  he  had  spoken,  pointing  to  the  hollow  across  which  the  di- 


Twenty-Fourth  Infantry. 


263 


vision  had  fought  and  across  which  the  last  decisive  charge  had 
been  made.  General  Hovey  turned  is  horse  and  rode  away  weep- 
ing. 

General  McGinnis’  Brigade  halted  on  the  field  of  battle  a couple 
of  days  and  was  detailed  to  bury  the  dead  and  care  for  the  wounded. 
Tenderly  were  these  duties  performed. 

On  May  19th  the  regiment  marched  to  Black  River.  From 
Bruiusburg  to  Black  River,  General  Hovey ’s  Division  lost  more 
men  and  took  more  prisoners  and  material  of  war  than  any  other- 
division.  Its  captures  almost  equaled  those  of  all  the  rest  of  the 
army,  as  did  its  losses. 

On  May  21st  the  brigade  of  General  McGinnis  crossed  the  Big 
Black  River  and  marched  to  the  supporting  lines  of  the  Union 
army  then  encircling  Vicksburg.  On  the  22cl  the  24th  moved  to  the 
front  and  was  placed  in  a ravine  near  the  rebel  works.  General 
Grant  ordered  an  assault  along  the  whole  line,  but  the  Union  troops 
were  repulsed  with  considerable  loss.  The  regiment  intrenched  in 
the  ravine  and  gradually  advancing,  protected  by  trenches,  reached 
a position  where  its  sharpshooters  were  able  to  pick  off  the  Con- 
federate gunners,  rendering  their  artillery  useless.  On  the  26th  the 
regiment  acted  as  support  to  heavy  artillery,  until  the  guns  were 
placed  in  position,  and  the  next  day  returned  to  the  trenches.  For 
forty-three  days  the  24th  was  actively  engaged  in  the  siege. 

On  July  4tli.  Vicksburg,  together  with  the  army  of  General 
Pemberton,  surrendered,  and  the  Union  troops  marched  in. 
Hovey ’s  Division  was  not  permitted  to  enter  the  city,  but  was  or- 
dered to  Jackson,  and  started  for  that  place  on  the  morning  of  the 
5th.  The  Jackson  expedition  was  attended  with  a great  deal  of 
hardship  and  suffering.  The  weather  was  very  hot,  roads  dusty 
and  there  was  very  little  water.  The  24th  did  considerable  skir- 
mishing and  marching  on  this  trip.  After  the  evacuation  of  Jack- 
son  the  Union  forces  returned  to  Vicksburg,  arriving  there  on  the 
23d.  The  regiment  encamped  on  the  banks  of  the  Mississippi, 
about  two  miles  below  the  city. 

From  Vicksburg  the  24th  moved  in  succession  to  Natchez,  Car- 
rollton, Algiers  and  Brasliear  City.  It  took  an  active  part  in  Gen- 
eral Franklin’s  campaign  into  the  Teclie  country,  October  and  No- 
vember, returning  to  Algiers,  opposite  New  Orleans,  December  22d. 
Here  the  regiment  re-enlisted,  being  the  first  regiment  to  veteranize 
in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf. 

After  its  return  from  veteran  furlough  the  24th  was.  encamped 
for  several  months  at  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana.  It  took  part  in  the 


264 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


engagement  at  Olive  Branch,  May  3,  1864.  In  the  fall  of  the  year 
the  regiment  was  moved  to  Morganza  Bend,  where  it  remained  sev- 
eral months,  protecting  the  navigation  of  the  Mississippi.  On  Jan- 
uary 10,  1864,  by  reason  of  the  depletion  of  men  in  both  regiments, 
the  24th  and  67th  Indiana  were  consolidated  into  one  command, 
which  was  continued  and  officially  known  as  the  24th  Indiana  In- 
fantry until  final  muster-out  in  July,  1865. 

In  January,  1865,  the  regiment  embarked  on  an  ocean  steamer, 
and,  passing  down  the  Mississippi,  proceeded  to  Dauphin’s  Island, 
then  to  Barrencas,  Florida.  Here  the  regiment  was  brigaded  with 
the  69th  Indiana  and  the  76th  and  97th  Illinois  Regiments,  desig- 
nated as  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  13th  Army  Corps.  Colonel 
Spicely  assumed  command  of  the  brigade  and  Ilieutenant-Colonel 
Sears  of  the  regiment.  The  brigade  was  then  detached  to  join 
General  Steele’s  column  at  Pensacola,  preparing  to  move  to  Florida 
and  Alabama,  with  the  purpose  of  diverting  the  attention  of  the 
enemy,  while  General  Canby  moved  with  the  13th  and  16th  Corps, 
on  the  defenses  of  Mobile. 

On  the  2d  of  April  Colonel  Spicely ’s  Brigade  took  position  in 
the  line  of  troops  besieging  Fort  Blakely,  ancl  the  24th,  being  in 
the  front  line,  had  strenuous  active  service.  On  the-  8th  Spanish 
Fort  was  evacuated  by  the  rebels.  This  left  Blakely  the  only  de- 
fense of  Mobile.  It  was  decided  at  once  to  carry  these  works  by 
assault,  and  that  was  made  April  9th.  Colonel  Spicely  formed  his 
brigade,  with  the  69th  Indiana  and  the  97tli  Illinois  in  front 
and  the  24th  Indiana  and  the  76th  Illinois  in  the  supporting 
column.  As  the  order  to  charge  was  given  the  brigade  arose,  and, 
with  a rush  and  a shout,  scaled  the  rebel  works.  The  fighting  on 
the  parapets  was  brief  but  desperate;  the  Union  troops  swarmed  in 
and  compelled  surrender.  The  24th  was  the  first  regiment  to  plant 
its  colors  on  the  works  of  the  enemy.  The  regiment’s  loss  was  30, 
killed  and  wounded.  Among  the  killed  was  Capt.  George  E.  Mer- 
chant. Thus  ended  the  last  glorious  battle  of  the  24th  Regiment. 

The  regiment  took  part  in  several  minor  expeditions  into  the  in- 
terior, and  on  May  12th  moved  to  Mobile,  where  it  remained  until 
July  1st,  when  it  sailed  for  Texas,  arriving  at  Galveston  after  a 
disagreeable  voyage  of  ten  days.  Soon  after  its  arrival  there  the 
members  of  the  67th,  that  had  been  consolidated  with  the  regiment, 
were  mustered  out  and  sailed  for  home.  Colonel  Spicely  and  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Sears  were  mustered  out  with  the  67th,  and  Capt. 
W.  S.  Pollard  was  commissioned  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  24th. 


Twenty-Fourth  Infantry. 


265 


The  remnant  of  the  regiment  remained  on  duty  in  Galveston 
until  November  15,  1865,  when  it  was  ordered  home  to  be  dis- 
charged. At  Indianapolis  the  24th  was  accorded  a public  recep- 
tion, with  addresses  of  welcome  by  Governor  Morton,  General 
Hovey  and  others,  with  the  approving  sentence  of  “Well  done,  good 
and  faithful  servants.” 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  8 officers  and  80  enlisted  men 
killed  and  mortally  wounded  and  3 officers  and  204  enlisted  men  by 
disease ; total,  295. 


Monument  of  2Gtli  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  HERRON’S  DIVISION 
26th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  John  G.  Clark 
Engaged:  Siege,  June  15-July  4. 


(266) 


TWENTY-SIXTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  26th  Indiana  Infantry  was  organized  under  the  call  of 
President  Lincoln  for  300,000  troops  for  three  years’  service. 

It  was  assembled  at  Camp  Morton,  Indianapolis,  in  the  early 
part  of  August,  1861.  where  the  regiment  remained  until  companies 
were  filled  up.  and  assigned  for  formation  of  the  regiment,  when 
they  reported  to  Camp  Sullivan,  near  Indianapolis,  and  were  duly 
mustered  into  the  United  States  service,  August  31.  1861. 

The  officers  at  muster  were  : 


Co.  A. 
Co.  B. 
Co.  C. 
Co.  D. 
Co.  E. 
Co.  F. 
Co.  G. 
Co.  H. 
Co.  I. 
Co.  K. 


FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

William  M.  Wheatley,  Indianapolis 

Richard  O’Neal,  Indianapolis 

John  G.  Clark,  Clark’s  Hill 

Henry  Schraeder,  Indianapolis 

John  B.  Routh,  Winchester 

Samuel  R.  Adams,  Moores  Hill 

Robert  N.  Todd,  Southport 

George  A.  Torbet,  Cannelton 


Captain. 

Milton  L.  Miner, 
Benjamin  Hargis, 
Mortimer  C.  Holman, 
Augustine  D.  Rose, 
Lewis  Manker, 

Harvey  Johnson, 
Newton  A.  Logan, 
Nathaniel  J.  Beachley, 
Court  land  E.  Whitsit, 
Alden  H.  Jumper, 


LINE  OFFICERS. 

1st  Lieutenant. 
Percival  G.  Kelsey, 
Campbell  Greenfield, 
William  P.  Gard, 
Aaron  L.  Hunt, 

Oscar  W.  Kelly, 
James  A.  Burkett, 
Robert  F.  Braden, 
Thomas  T.  Walker, 
Henry  H.  Wheatley, 
Abram  Hill, 


.Colonel. 

Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Major. 

Adjutant. 

Quartermaster. 

Chaplain. 

Surgeon. 

Assistant  Surgeon. 


2d  Lieutenant • 

David  Rader. 

Thomas  B.  Couchman. 
Robert  M.  Sharp. 
William  J.  Wallace. 
James  T.  Caldwell. 
Thomas  J.  De  La  Hunt. 
Samuel  Milligan. 

Samuel  W.  Leipner. 

John  A.  Whitsit. 

Nathan  W.  Manning. 


During  term  of  service  of  the  regiment  all  these  officers  re- 
signed, or  were  discharged  for  disability,  from  rank,  as  commis- 
sioned and  mustered,  or  were  advanced  by  promotion  to  higher 
rank,  and  all  made  enviable  records. 

The  companies  composing  the  regiment  were  generally  from  coun- 
ties in  the  central  and  south-central  part  of  the  State,  no  one  county 
furnishing  a full  company  alone. 

In  September  the  regiment  left  camp  and  proceeded  by  rail- 
road to  St.  Louis,  where  it  remained,  drilling  and  learning  first 
principles  of  its  future  duties  until  early  November,  when,  with 
other  troops,  it  started  to  the  relief  of  the  besieged  Union  garrison 
at  Lexington,  Missouri,  but  before  arriving  at  Lexington,  learning 
of  the  surrender  of  this  place,  the  regiment  returned  to  Boonville. 
Missouri.  Soon  afterward  the  regiment  was  attached  to  the  Army 


(267) 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


268 


of  the  Frontier,  under  command  of  General  Fremont,  and  began  the 
campaign  to  Springfield.  Missouri.  After  this  campaign  the  regi- 
ment returned  to  Otterville,  Missouri,  and  from  this  place  the  regi- 
ment, with  others,  participated  in  the  engagement  at  Blackwater, 
Missouri,  which  resulted  in  the  capture  of  a large  force  of  the 
enemy. 

•July  2,  1862,  the  regiment  was  again  ordered  to  Springfield, 
with  other  troops  of  the  army,  and  afterward  campaigned  in  south- 
ern Missouri  and  northern  Arkansas  during  the  fall. 

On  December  3,  1862,  Herron’s  Division,  to  which  the  26th  was 
attached,  started  to  the  relief  of  General  Blunt,  at  Prairie  Grove, 
Arkansas,  110  miles  distant.  The  regiment  arrived  there  on  the 
6th  and  were  hotly  engaged  on  the  7th,  losing  in  a charge  more  than 
200  in  killed  and  wounded.  The  troops  slept  that  night  under  a 
truce  agreement  and  discovered,  in  the  morning,  that  the  Confeder- 
ates had  stolen  away  during  the  night,  leaving  the  Union  forces  in 
undisputed  possession  of  the  territory  north  of  the  Arkansas  River. 

December  27th  was  ordered  to  Van  Buren,  Arkansas,  to  attack 
the  enemy  under  their  General  Hindman,  and  later  returned  to 
camp  and  was  on  daily  duty,  keeping  touch  with  the  enemy  and 
dispersing  his  marauding  bands  of  detached  troops,  roaming  over 
the  country  until  June  1,  1863,  when  Herron’s  Division,  of  which 
the  26th  was  a part,  was  ordered  to  St.  Genevieve,  on  the  Mississippi 
River,  to  take  boats  to  join  General  Grant  ’s  army,  then  engaged  in 
the  siege  of  Vicksburg. 

The  regiment  arrived  at  Vicksburg  on  June  13th,  and  by  the 
15th  Herron’s  Division  was  duly  established  on  the  extreme  left  of 
the  line  of  approaches  to  the  enemy’s  fortifications  in  this  locality, 
which  was  on  the  left  of  the  13th  Army  Corps ; thus  completing  a 
strong  line  against  the  enemy,  and  relieving  troops  already  sta- 
tioned at  this  point,  so  they  could  be  placed  on  duty  further  to  the 
south  and  east  to  defend  the  line  against  the  Confederate  General 
Johnston,  who  was  planning  to  attack  the  rear  of  the  army  to  re- 
lieve the  garrison  in  Vicksburg. 

The  26tli  entered  advanced  trenches  and  were  exposed  to  such 
ceaseless  firing  that  they  were  unable  to  emerge  for  seventeen  days. 
During  this  time  they  were  so  constantly  employed  in  defense  by 
day  and  extending  their  trenches  by  night,  that  when  they  were 
finally  able  to  withdraw  from  their  position,  but  400  men,  or  one- 
half  of  the  regiment,  were  fit  for  duty. 

Scon  after  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg  the  regiment  was  ordered 
with  an  expedition  to  Yazoo  City,  to  take  part  in  an  attempt  to  in- 


T WENT Y-SlXTH  InFANTR Y . 


269 


tereept  forces  of  the  enemy  on  the  Big  Black  River  before  they 
could  retreat  to  join  Johnston’s  army,  then  concentrating  at  Jack- 
son.  Mississippi. 

July  26th  the  regiment  was  ordered  into  camp  at  Port  Hudson. 
Mississippi,  where  the  regiment  suffered  unusual  loss  of  men  by  a 
seemingly  fatal  sickness.,  and  was  later  ordered  to  and  reached 
Carrollton.  Louisiana,  in  time  to  participate  in  General  Grant’s 
grand  review  of  the  armies  concentrating  at  that  point. 

From  thence  the  26tli  was  ordered  to  Morganza  Bend.  Louis- 
iana. on  the  Mississippi  River,  where  Herron’s  Division  was  sta- 
tioned. and  with  the  19th  Iowa  was  camped  at  Sterling’s  planta- 
tion. to  guard  the  crossing  of  the  Atehafalva  River  from  the  enemy 
crossing  at  a point  some  eighteen  miles  out  from  the  Mississippi 
River. 

On  September  29th  Gen.  Dick  Taylor’s  Confederate  command 
effected  a crossing,  and  after  a stubborn  engagement,  during  which 
the  troops  exhausted  their  ammunition  in  defense  of  their  position, 
were  finally  defeated  and,  besides  losing  their  colors,  fully  one-half 
of  the  26tli  were  captured  and  sent  as  prisoners  of  war  to  Tyler. 
Texas,  and  were  held  there  for  months,  until  exchanged. 

With  those  who  escaped,  who  were  absent,  sick  in  hospitals,  on 
furlough  or  detached  service,  the  regiment  finally  was  again  assem- 
bled at  New  Orleans,  maintaining  their  organization,  and  on  Oc- 
tober 23.  1863,  left  with  Herron’s  Division  for  Brownsville,  Texas, 
where  the  regiment  was  stationed  until  February  4.  1S64,  when  they 
re-enlisted  and  returned  home  to  Indianapolis  on  veteran  furlough, 
arriving  there  April  1st.  after  which  the  regiment  returned  to  New 
Orleans  and  the  different  companies  were  assigned  to  duty  in  dif- 
ferent localities  in  that  district  until  March  16,  1865,  when  the  com- 
panies were  assembled  again  in  one  camp  at  Chalmette.  below  New 
Orleans,  and  assigned  to  the  16th  Army  Corps. 

On  March  20th  the  command  went  by  transports  to  Mobile  Bay 
and  disembarked  on  the  east  side  of  the  entrance  of  the  bay,  and 
immediately  began  the  march  around  to  the  rear  of  the  old  Span- 
ish Fort  and  Fort  Blakely,  which  were  part  of  the  enemy ’s  defenses 
of  Mobile  on  the  east  side  of  the  bay.  These  works  were  completely 
invested  on  March  27th  and  April  2d.  respectively,  by  the  army 
under  General  Canby.  and  constant  fighting  was  the  rule  until  the 
night  of  April  8th,  when  Spanish  Fort  fell,  followed  next  day  by 
the  capitulation  of  Fort  Blakely. 

April  13th  the  26th.  until  others  of  the  corps,  was  ordered  to 
march  to  Montgomery.  Alabama,  arriving  there  on  the  30th.  Proceed- 


270 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


ing  via  Thelma,  the  regiment  arrived,  on  May  18th,  at  Meridian. 
Mississippi,  where  the  companies  were  again  detached  and  stationed 
at  different  points  in  that  part  of  the  State  in  guarding  cotton,  until 
December  25.  1865,  when  the  scattered  companies  were  assembled 
at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  and  ordered  to  Indianapolis,  Indiana, 
arriving  there  January  15.  1866,  and  were  paid  off  and  discharged, 
after  a continuous  service  of  four  years,  four  and  one-half  months, 
having  campaigned  in  Missouri,  Arkansas,  Tennessee,  Louisiana. 
Mississippi  and  Alabama,  and  marched  many  thousand  miles. 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  96  enlisted  men  killed  and 
mortally  wounded  and  3 officers  and  265  men  by  disease;  total.  364. 


Monument  of  34th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription  ) 

1st  BRIGADE  12th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
34th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Robert  A.  Cameron 
Lieut.  Col.  William  Swaim 
Major  Robert  B.  Jones 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4. 
Casualties:  Killed  14,  wounded  106,  total  120;  Lieutenant-Colonel  William  Swaim  mortally  wounded 


(272) 


THIRTY-FOURTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


This  regiment  was  organized  at  Anderson  on  the  16th  of  Sep- 
tember, 1861.  and  was  composed  of  companies  from  the  counties  of 
Wells,  Jay,  Huntington,  Grant,  Howard,  Madison  and  Blackford. 

The  various  companies  were  mustered  into  the  service  of  the 
United  States  at  different  times,  from  September  21st  to  October 
10th.  The  officers  at  final  date  of  muster  were  as  follows : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF. 


Asbury  Steele 

Townsend  Ryan. 

John  L.  Wilson 

Jacob  M.  Wells 

Thomas  N.  Stilwell. 
Francis  A.  Griswold 

Jacob  S.  White 

Daniel  W.  Taylor.  . . 


Colonel. 

Lieutenant-Colonel . 
Major. 

Adjutant. 

Quartermaster. 

Chaplain. 

Surgeon. 

Assistant  Surgeon. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 


Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co.  A.  William  Swaim, 

James  Gorrell, 

William  Wilmington. 

Co.  B.  James  W.  Campbell. 

Nimrod  Headington, 

Benjamin  G.  Shinn. 

Co.  C.  David  Y.  Whiting, 

Elmer  B.  Warner, 

George  W.  Jackson. 

Co.  D.  Jonathan  Jone3, 

Samuel  Henry, 

David  H.  Wall. 

Co.  E.  Francis  M.  Hunter, 

Hiram  G.  Fisher, 

Francis  M.  Boy  den. 

Co.  F.  Robert  B.  Jones, 

Jasper  Seegar, 

Carelus  M.  Crawford. 

Co.  G.  George  G.  Morrison, 

Edward  D.  Bobbitt, 

John  W.  Thompson. 

Co.  H.  Thomas  S.  Terrell. 

Thornburgh  Baldwin, 

John  R Cox. 

Co.  I.  Josiah  Twibell, 

Isaac  Goodin, 

James  J.  Maddox. 

Co.  K.  Amos  H.  Lawshe, 

Richard  Y.  Speelman, 

Edward  W.  Loring. 

On  October  10th  the  regiment  started  for  the  field  via  Indian- 
apolis, and  on  arrival  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  went  into  camp, 
where  it  remained  until  the  middle  of  November,  when  it  was  or- 
dered to  Camp  Wickliffe,  Kentucky,  and  from  thence  to  Green 
River  in  February.  On  the  11th  of  February,  1862,  the  regiment 
was  ordered  to  West  Point,  twenty  miles  below  Louisville,  where  it 
■was  assigned  to  the  division  of  General  Nelson,  and  embarked  on 
boats,  arriving  at  Cairo  on  the  20th  of  February,  where  the  31th 
was  detached  from  Nelson’s  Division  and  sent  to  New  Madrid, 
Missouri,  arriving  there  on  the  3d  of  March.  The  regiment  was 
engaged  in  the  siege  of  that  place  until  its  evacuation,  on  the  11th 
of  March,  when  it  marched  to  a landing,  fourteen  miles  below, 
drawing  with  it,  by  hand  ropes,  two  thirty-pound  siege  guns,  which 
were  placed  in  position  on  the  night  of  the  15tli,  and  resisted  the 
attack  the  next  morning  of  seven  rebel  gunboats  in  a two  hours  ’ en- 


[18] 


(273) 


274 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


gagement,  sinking  one  boat  and  compelling  the  withdrawal  of  the 
remainder. 

The  battery  also  cut  off  the  retreat  of  the  enemy  from  Island 
No.  10,  which  was  the  means  of  its  subsequent  capture,  with  its 
guns  and  garrison. 

Returning  to  New  Madrid,  the  regiment  remained  there  on  gar- 
rison duty  from  April  7.  1862,  to  June  14th.  during  which  time  it 
assisted  in  the  capture  of  Port  Pillow. 

Soon  thereafter  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Memphis,  and  from 
there  during  the  summer  and  fall  made  short  campaigns  into 
Arkansas  as  far  as  Duvall’s  Bluffs,  and  finally  settled  down  to  post 
duty  at  Helena,  Arkansas,  during  the  fall  and  winter  of  1862.  with 
short  expeditions,  driving  off.  defeating  or  capturing  the  enemy. 
A very  important  duty  was  the  clearing  out  the  Yazoo  Pass  of  tim- 
ber, fallen  trees,  etc.,  which  the  enemy  had  felled  to  obstruct  navi- 
gation. endeavoring  to  prevent  the  reaching  of  Vicksburg  by  the 
rear. 

On  the  10th  of  April,  1863,  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  the 
1st  Brigade,  General  McGinnis  commanding,  of  llovey’s  12th  Di 
vision  of  the  13th  Army  Corps,  and  remained  in  this  command 
during  the  campaign  and  siege  of  Vicksburg. 

On  the  10th  of  April  it  was  started  on  the  Vicksburg  campaign 
from  Milliken’s  Bend.  Louisiana,  to  a point  on  the  west  side  of  the 
Mississippi  River,  and  crossed  the  river  on  transports  and  gunboats, 
to  Bruinsburg,  on  the  east  side  of  the  river,  on  the  30th  of  April, 
marched  all  that  night  and  engaged  the  enemy  at  daylight  on  the 
1st  of  May,  near  Pert  Gibson,  Mississippi.  The  regiment,  by  com- 
mand of  General  Hovey,  supported  by  the  56th  Ohio,  charged  a 
Confederate  battery  during  the  battle,  early  in  the  morning,  and 
captured  two  field  pieces  of  artillery  and  49  prisoners.  In  this 
battle  the  regiment  lost  49,  killed  and  wounded. 

On  the  16th  of  May  the  regiment  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Champion’s  ITill,  and,  while  advancing  in  line  of  battle,  captured 
the  46th  Alabama  Confederate  Regiment,  with  its  colors,  all  field 
officers  and  127  men.  In  this  battle  the  34th  suffered  heavy  losses 
in  killed  and  wounded,  and  among  the  latter  was  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Swaim,  who  died  of  his  wounds  on  the  17th  of  June,  1863. 

Moving  forward  with  the  army,  the  34th,  with  McGinnis’ 
Brigade,  took  position  in  front  of  the  Confederate  defenses  at 
Vicksburg,  opposite  Confederate  Port  Garrott,  and  participated  in 
the  siege  until  the  final  surrender,  July  4,  1863,  suffering  a loss  of 
13  men  in  killed  and  wounded  during  the  siege. 


Thirty-Fourth  Infantry. 


275 


On  July  5th  the  regiment  moved  with  its  brigade  and  division 
in  pursuit  of  Johnston’s  Confederate  army,  until  he  retired  within 
the  defenses  of  Jackson.  Mississippi,  where,  after  a siege  of  nine 
days,  Johnston  evacuated  in  the  night,  crossing  Pearl  River  and 
escaping  eastward  toward  Meridian,  Mississippi.  In  the  siege  of 
Jackson  the  regiment  lost  8 men,  killed  and  wounded. 

Returning  to  Vicksburg,  the  regiment  embarked  on  August  Jtli 
for  New  Orleans,  and  from  thence,  on  the  12th  of  September,  it 
moved  to  Brashear  City,  Louisiana,  and  while  in  that  section  it 
took  part  in  Banks’  expedition  up  the  Teche  country,  as  far  as 
Opelousas.  On  the  return  march  it  engaged  the  enemy  at  Carrion 
Crow  Bayou  on  the  3d  of  November,  after  which  it  proceeded  to 
New  Iberia,  where,  on  the  15th  of  December,  1863,  460  of  the  regi- 
ment re-enlisted,  and  on  the  23cl  of  December  it  embarked  on  a 
vessel  for  Pass  Cavallo,  Texas,  reaching  there  January  8,  1864, 
where  it  remained  until  the  21st  of  February  and  then  returned  to 
New  Orleans,  and  on  March  20th  left  on  veteran  furlough  for  In- 
dianapolis, reaching  there  April  1st. 

Returning  to  the  field  the  regiment  was  placed  on  duty  in  New 
Orleans,  where  it  remained  until  December,  1864,  when  it  em- 
barked for  Brazos  Santiago,  Texas. 

The  regiment  fought  the  last  battle  of  the  war  at  Palmetto 
Ranch.  Texas.  May  13.  1865,  and  had  a spirited  engagement.  Some 
250  of  the  regiment  fought  500  of  the  enemy,  mounted  with  a bat- 
tery of  six  field-pieces,  driving  them  three  miles  in  the  space  of 
three  hours,  but  the  enemy,  getting  their  battery  in  position,  poured 
a destructive  fire  into  our  ranks,  compelling  the  main  body  of  the 
regiment  to  fall  back,  leaving  Companies  B and  E behind  as.  skir- 
mishers to  cover  the  movement.  These  companies,  being  unsup- 
ported, were  finally  surrounded  and  forced  to  surrender.  The  loss 
of  the  regiment  was  82  in  killed,  wounded  and  prisoners. 

After  this  engagement  the  regiment  fell  back  to  Brazos  Island, 
and  from  thence  it  moved  to  Brownsville,  where  it  remained  until 
June  16th.  and  then  marched  to  Ringgold  Barracks,  Texas,  260 
miles  up  the  Rio  Grande,  and  were  the  first  Union  troops  to  occupy 
that  place,  which  had  been  an  important  U.  S.  military  post  before 
the  Civil  War. 

After  more  than  four  years  of  military  service,  the  regiment 
was  mustered  out  at  Brownsville,  Texas,  February  3,  1865. 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  2 officers  and  32  enlisted  men 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  5 officers  and  204  enlisted  men 
by  disease;  total,  243. 


Monument  of  4(Jtli  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  12th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
46th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Thomas  H.  Bbinghukst 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4- 
Casualties:  Killed  28,  wounded  97,  missing  3,  total  128;  Lieut.  Joel  Ferris  killed,  Lieut.  William  A. 
Andrew  mortally  wounded. 


(276) 


FORTY-SIXTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  order  authorizing  the  assembling  of  this  regiment  was 
issued  September  30.  1861.  On  the  same  day  one  company  re- 
ported. and  before  October  20th  eleven,  almost  full  companies,  re- 
ported at  Camp  Logan,  in  Logansport,  Indiana.  The  last  com- 
pany was  mustered  in  December  11th  and  the  regimental  organiza- 
tion was  complete  with  the  following  officers  in  command : 


FIELD  AND  STAFF. 


Graham  N.  Fitch 

Newton  G.  Scott 

Thomas  H.  Bringkurst. 
Richard  P.  De  Hart . . . 
David  D.  Dykeman . . . 

Robert  Irwin 

Horace  Coleman 

William  S.  Haymond. . 


Colonel. 

Lieutenant-Colonel . 
Major. 

Adjutant. 

Quartermaster. 

Chaplain. 

Surgeon. 

Assistant  Surgeon. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 


Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co.  A.  John  H.  Gould, 

William  A.  Pigman, 

James  M.  Watts. 

Co.  B.  Aaron  M.  Flory, 

John  T.  Castle, 

John  Arnout. 

Co.  C.  B.  F.  Schermerkorn, 

Anthony  Garrett, 

Andrew  B.  Robertson. 

Co.  D.  John  Guthrie, 

Willaim  M.  De  Hart, 

Charles  A.  Brownlee. 

Co.  E.  William  Spencer, 

Eli  R.  Herman, 

Henry  Snyder. 

Co.  F.  David  Howell, 

Bernard  B.  Dailey, 

Attalas  A.  Benham. 

Co.  G.  Robert  W.  Sill, 

Joseph  H.  Cowdin, 

John  M.  Berkey. 

Co.  H.  Felix  B.  Thomas, 

George  Burson, 

James  W.  Brown. 

Co.  I.  James  II.  Thomas, 

John  W.  F.  Liston, 

Napoleon  B.  Booth. 

Co.  K,  Benjamin  A.  Grover, 

Robert  M.  Shields, 

Jacob  H.  Leighter. 

On  December  12.  1861.  the  regiment  broke  camp  and  marched 
to  the  Wabash  depot,  and  proceeded,  via  Lafayette,  Indianapolis 
and  Madison  to  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

The  18th  of  December  the  regiment  left  Camp  Oakland,  Ken- 
tucky, arriving  at  Bardstown  the  21st.  January  6,  1862,  the  regi- 
ment moved  to  Camp  Wickliffe,  when  it  was  brigaded  with  the 
41st  Ohio  and  47th  Indiana,  Colonel  Hazen  commanding.  Febru- 
ary 14th  the  brigade  commenced  the  march  to  the  Ohio,  where  it 
arrived  on  the  17th  and  embarked  on  boats  awaiting.  After  six 
days  it  landed  at  Commerce,  Missouri,  and  became  a part  of  Gen- 
eral Pope’s  army  against  New  Madrid.  February  24th  the  regi- 
ment was  on  the  march  to  Benton,  where  it  arrived  on  the  25th. 
March  1st  the  46th  left  Benton  for  New  Madrid.  The  march  was 
the  hardest  the  regiment  had.  The  rain  came  down  in  torrents. 
The  mud  was  so  deep  that  six  horses  and  200  men  were  required  to 


(277) 


278 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


drag  a twelve-pound  gun.  The  utmost  exertions  were  required  to 
move  five  miles  in  six  hours. 

The  46th  was  placed  in  the  Third  Division,  General  Palmer  com- 
manding, and  on  the  3d  met  Jeff  Thompson  and  captured  three  of 
his  guns.  Arriving  at  New  Madrid  on  the  3d,  it  was  ordered  to 
the  support  of  General  Granger,  who  was  driving  the  Confederates 
to  the  river.  Skirmishing  and  maneuvering  gave  the  men  no  rest. 
On  the  14th,  at  3 o’clock  in  the  morning,  this  regiment  marched 
through  swamps,  rains,  water  and  mud  to  a battery  of  heavy  guns. 
Its  flag  was  raised  over  the  Confederate  fort  upon  finding  it  evac- 
uated. 

On  the  17th  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Riddle’s  Point,  erect- 
ing a battery  during  a rainstorm,  lasting  from  midnight  till  morn- 
ing. At  daylight  the  men  dug  rifle  pits.  At  8 o’clock  a steamer 
passed  up.  The  guns  were  fired  on  her,  one  ball  striking  and 
splintering  her  works.  It  was  not  long  until  four  Confederate 
gunboats  came  down  from  Tiptonville  and  opened  fire,  which  con- 
tinued an  hour  and  a quarter.  All  this  time  a tempest  of  shot 
and  shell  was  rained  on  the  command.  On  the  9th  of  April  the 
regiment  embarked  and  landed  at  Tiptonville.  New  Madrid, 
Island  No.  10,  Tiptonville  and  all  outlying  fortifications  were  cap- 
tured and  the  campaign  against  those  positions  ended.  General 
Halleck  said  to  General  Pope : 

‘ ‘ I congratulate  you  and  your  command  on  the  success  that  has 
crowned  your  toils  and  exposure — and  proved  yourself  worthy 
members  of  the  brave  army  of  the  West.” 

General  Pope  said  to  his  soldiers : 

“The  success  of  our  operations  required  unusual  courage  and 
patriotism,  and  an  exhibition  of  the  highest  qualities  of  the 
soldier.  ” 

On  the  15th  of  April  the  regiment  embarked  and  moved  down 
the  river  to  Osceola,  Arkansas.  Preparations  were  at  once  made  to 
capture  Fort  Pillow.  General  Pope  having  gone  up  the  Mississippi 
with  all  of  his  army  except  the  43d  and  46th  Indiana  Regiments, 
and  the  gun  and  mortar  boats,  but  the  force  was  insufficient  to 
attempt  the  capture  of  the  fort.  The  location  was  a very  unfavor- 
able one  for  the  health  of  the  men.  At  least  50  per  cent,  were  sick 
and  more  than  100  unfit  for  duty.  Scouting  and  hunting  for  the 
weak  point  in  the  Confederate  lines  was  kept  up.  June  5th  the 
enemy  abandoned  the  strong  position  and  a detail  from  the  regi- 
ment went  down  and  landed.  Signaling  back  to  the  fleet,  all  the 
vessels  moved  down. 


Forty-Sixth  Infantry. 


279 


On  the  evening  of  June  5th  the  fleet,  accompanied  by  all  of  the 
46tli  except  Company  B.  started  for  Memphis,  where  the  Federal 
gunboats  and  rams  destroyed  the  Confederate  fleet.  The  43d  and 
46th  landed  and  took  possession  of  the  city.  Company  B joined 
the  regiment  at  Memphis  on  the  8th  and  remained  until  the  14th, 
when  it  embarked  on  steamers,  preparatory  to  taking-  part  in  the 
White  River  expedition,  carrying  stores  to  General  Curtis’  army. 
From  March  4th  to  June  5th  the  regiment  was  never  out  of  hearing 
of  heavy  guns,  day  or  night. 

Reaching  the  vicinity  of  St.  Charles  on  the  16th,  a squad  under 
command  of  Lieutenant  Swigart  went  aboard  a tug,  scouted  up  the 
river,  finding  the  Confederate  boom,  works  and  sunken  boats  in  the 
channel,  and  preparations  made  to  resist  further  progress  of  the 
Union  fleet.  The  next  morning,  the  17th,  the  transports  ap- 
proached as  near  the  hill  as  safe,  disembarked,  the  regiment  de- 
ployed against  the  Confederate  position  and  captured  it. 
While  the  regiment  was  making  the  charge  a sixty-four-pound 
parrot  shell  from  a Confederate  gun  penetrated  the  steam  chest 
of  the  “Mound  City.”  The  boat  was  instantly  filled  with  steam, 
scalding  almost  every  man  of  the  175  on  board  the  boat,  and  but 
few  lived.  On  the  22d  the  fleet  continued  up  the  river.  During 
this  expedition  the  men  were  annoyed  by  constant  guerilla  warfare. 
The  fleet  returned  to  St.  Charles  that  night  because  of  low  water. 
On  the  28th  of  June,  having  received  reinforcements  and  lighter- 
draft  vessels,  the  regiment  turned  up  the  river  again,  and  went  as 
far  as  Clarendon.  They  sustained  more  severe  fire  from  the  guer- 
illas than  previously. 

Not  finding  Curtis,  or  getting  any  word  from  him,  and  the 
river  rapidly  falling,  the  fleet  returned  to  St.  Charles  July  4th. 
On  the  5th  the  fleet  again  turned  up  the  river.  On  July  6tli  two 
companies  of  the  regiment,  with  other  troops,  were  sent  to  attack 
a cavalry  force.  The  enemy  was  found  and  dispersed  and  the 
detachment  returned  to  the  fleet.  At  4 o’clock  that  day  the  entire 
brigade  was  on  the  road  to  Duvall’s  Bluff.  For  artillery,  two 
boat  howitzers  were  lashed  on  the  hind  axle  of  wagons.  That  night 
a Confederate  force  was  encountered,  and  after  a few  shots  from 
the  improvised  battery  the  infantry  broke  and  ran ; it  was  not  an 
orderly  retreat.  Then  orders  came  to  come  out  to  the  river.  On 
the  12th  another  effort  was  made  to  communicate  with  General 
Curtis.  Six  companies  of  the  regiment,  on  two  boats,  were  sent  up 
to  Clarendon.  Learning  the  general  had  passed,  conducting  his 


280 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg;. 


army  to  Helena,  the  detachment  returned  to  St.  Charles,  and  on  the 
14th  of  July  returned  to  Helena. 

During  this  expedition  the  men  were  daily  fired  on  by  guerillas. 
To  stop  it,  Colonel  Pitch  issued  his  proclamation  threatening  rigor- 
ous measures  if  the  practice  was  not  stopped.  General  Hindman 
and  Jeff  Davis  issued  counter-proclamations,  threatening  retalia- 
tion. Jeff  Davis  grouped  Colonel  Pitch,  General  Hunter,  General 
Phelps  and  General  Butler  as  felons.  They  did  not  succeed  in 
getting  one  of  the  regiments  in  their  hands.  So  ended  the  White 
River  expedition. 

August  3d  an  expedition  was  organized,  General  Ilovey  com- 
manding, to  disperse  a rebel  force  west  of  Helena.  The  46th  was 
made  a part  of  it.  This  force  marched  to  Clarendon  and  back, 
suffering  much  from  the  heat  and  dust.  The  regiment  was  at  Hel- 
ena, Arkansas,  from  July  15,  1862,  to  April  9,  1863.  During  this 
time  it  was  engaged  in  expeditions,  fights  and  skirmishes  with 
guerillas.  It  was  on  White  River  four  times;  to  Duvall’s  Bluff 
twice;  to  Arkansas  Post;  down  the  Tallahatchie;  east  from  Helena; 
the  Yazoo  Pass  and  other  points. 

The  Tallahatchie  expedition,  of  which  the  46th  was  a part, 
started  November  26,  1862,  and  went  down  the  river  in  boats  to 
the  Delta,  disembarked  and  marched  through  water  and  mud  to 
the  Coldwater,  arriving  on  the  30th,  and,  crossing  the  river,  some 
Confederates  appeared  and  were  pursued,  but  escaped.  The  march 
was  continued  until  the  Tallahatchie  was  crossed.  The  return 
march  was  begun  January  2,  1863. 

On  the  10th  of  January  the  regiment  made  another  of  its  many 
trips  up  the  White  River,  going  to  Duvall’s  Bluff,  returning  to 
Helena  on  the  22d.  On  the  14th  of  February  the  regiment  started 
on  the  Yazoo  Pass  expedition.  Cutting  the  levee,  passing  out 
through  a crevice  into  Moon  Lake,  a landing  was  made  nine  miles 
from  “Hunt’s  Mills,”  to  which  the  regiment  marched  that  night. 
The  next  morning  there  was  three  feet  of  water  on  the  road,  along 
which  it  had  marched.  As  soon  as  relief  could  reach  the  regiment 
it  was  taken  back  to  Helena,  where  it  arrived  February  21st.  On 
landing,  the  men  were  ordered  to  embark  in  other  boats  on  another 
expedition.  Although  tired,  hungry  and  dirty,  the  men  immedi- 
ately prepared  to  embark.  General  Ross  was  to  command. 

This  was  intended  to  open  a waterway  to  the  rear  of  Vicksburg. 
Many  trees  had  to  be  cut  away  to  permit  the  passage  of  boats.  The 
everhanging  trees  and  limbs  were  very  destructive  to  smokestacks, 
pilot  houses  and  the  upper  works  of  boats.  When  the  boats  came 


Forty-Sixth  Infantry. 


281 


out  of  the  Pass  they  looked  like  wrecked  scows.  Reaching  the  Cold- 
water,  sailing  improved.  Entering  the  Tallahatchie,  there  were  no 
obstructions  to  its  progress  until  Fort  Pemberton  was  reached  on 
March  11.  1863.  Within  two  miles  of  the  fort  the  troops  disem- 
barked. and  the  46th,  Colonel  Bringhurst  commanding,  leading, 
advanced  toward  the  fort.  There  was  a strong  Confederate  force 
outside.  A brisk  little  battle  was  on.  The  regiments  were  driven 
back  into  the  fort.  General  Ross  and  Colonel  Slack  were  present 
and  congratulated  the  regiment  on  its  fine  work. 

April  4th  the  expedition  started  on  its  return,  arriving  at 
Helena  on  the  8tli.  On  arriving  at  Helena,  Gen.  A.  P.  Hovey  came 
on  board  and  ordered  the  regiment  to  remain  on  the  boat,  as  it  was 
going  to  Vicksburg. 

On  the  11th  of  April  the  “Volunteer”  dropped  down  the  river 
and  the  46th  commenced  its  part  of  the  memorable  campaign.  Ar- 
riving at  Milliken’s  Bend,  above  Vicksburg,  all  baggage  except 
what  could  be  carried  was  piled  on  a steamboat  and  left.  On  April 
16.  1863.  the  regiment  left  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  for  Grand 
Gulf,  Mississippi.  On  the  29th  of  April  Hovey ’s  Division  was 
placed  on  boats  and  barges  to  cross  the  river  and  assault  the  fort 
at  Grand  Gulf,  as  soon  as  the  navy  silenced  the  guns.  The  attack 
failing,  the  regiment  was  disembarked.  The  battle  between  the 
gunboat  fleet  and  Confederate  batteries  was  a grand  display. 
During  the  night  the  gunboats,  transports  and  barges  ran  the  bat- 
teries at  Grand  Gulf,  and  on  the  morning  of  the  30tli  the  46tli  em- 
barked on  board  the  “Benton,”  and  was  stationed  on  the  gun  deck. 
General  Grant  and  Commodore  Porter  Avere  on  the  wheelhouse  of 
that  boat.  The  46th  was  the  first  to  land  on  the  east  side  of  the 
great  river  in  the  rear  of  Vicksburg.  That  day  the  grandest  cam- 
paign of  the  war  was  commenced.  The  regiment  marched  all  night, 
arriving  at  Magnolia  Hills  at  daylight.  The  46th  was  ordered  to 
support  the  18th  Indiana,  it  being  pressed.  To  reach  the  position 
assigned  it  was  necessary  to  lift  the  men  of  Company  B up  a per- 
pendicular wall  of  the  hill.  The  capture  of  a two-gun  battery  was 
the  joint  work  of  the  46th,  11th  and  34th  Indiana.  The  battle  of 
Port  Gibson,  or.  as  sometimes  called,  Magnolia  ITills,  ended  with 
the  day  a Union  victory. 

The  regiment  made  some  short  marches  until  the  12tli  of  May, 
when  the  division  advanced  to  Fourteen-Mile  Creek,  and  Com- 
panies A.  B and  C of  the  46th,  detailed  as  skirmishers,  crossed  the 
creek  and  engaged  in  a lively  skirmish  with  some  cavalry,  which 
soon  retreated.  Arriving  at  the  top  of  a hill,  the  men  heard  the 


282 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


long  roll  of  the  Confederates  in  every  direction  except  the  one  they 
came  from — they  did  not  tarry.  The  division  was  withdrawn  and 
rapidly  marched  to  Raymond,  where  General  Logan’s  division  was 
engaged  in  battle,  and  on  the  14tli  entered  the  town. 

May  16,  1863,  the  regiment,  with  the  division,  left  Bolton,  on 
the  road  to  Vicksburg,  and  three  miles  from  the  former  town  found 
the  Confederate  lines.  The  division  was  deployed,  skirmishers 
thrown  to  the  front,  and  was  ready  for  the  advance.  General 
Grant  was  present  and  personally  directed  the  movements  of  the 
troops,  but  was  not  ready  to  bring  on  the  battle.  At  11:45  Gen- 
eral Grant  gave  General  Hovey  the  order  to  advance.  After  mov- 
ing a short  distance  the  advance  was  halted  until  12  :15,  when  the 
battle  began.  The  whole  line  was  fiercely  engaged.  Advancing 
rapidly,  the  rebels  were  driven  back  over  their  guns  in  great  con- 
fusion. Crossing  a ravine  the  Confederates  reformed.  Here  was 
desperate  fighting.  The  most  desperate  and  protracted  fighting 
of  the  46th  was  around  a log  cabin.  The  battle  ebbed  and  flowed, 
the  ground  lost  and  regained,  and  at  last  the  victory  was  won. 

General  Grant,  in  his  book,  says : ‘ ‘ The  battle  of  Champion ’s 

Hill  lasted  about  four  hours’  hard  fighting,  preceded  by  two  or 
three  hours  of  skirmishing,  some  of  which  almost  rose  to  the  dig- 
nity of  a battle.  Every  man  of  Hovey ’s  Division,  and  of  Mc- 
Pherson’s two  divisions  was  engaged  during  the  battle.  No  other 
part  of  my  command  was  engaged  at  all , except  as  described  be- 
fore.” (Vol.  1,  page  518.)  Again  he  said:  “Hovey  was  bearing 
the  brunt  of  the  battle  at  the  time.”  (Page  519.)  General  Hovey 
says  in  his  report:  “The  effective  force  of  my  division  .at  the  com- 
mencement was  as  follows : 1st  Brigade  2,371,  2d  Brigade  1,809, 
making  a total  of  4.180.  Of  this  number  211  were  killed,  872 
wounded  and  119  missing;  total,  1,202.”  (Rebellion  record.  Vol.  24, 
part  2,  pp.  45,  46.)  “Took  350  men  into  the  battle  and  the  46th  lost 
84,  killed  and  wounded.  25  per  cent.  The  per  cent,  of  loss  of  di- 
vision, 28.7.” 

On  the  19th  of  May  the  1st  Brigade  marched  to  Vicksburg, 
arriving  at  the  enemy’s  fortifications  on  the  21st.  The  22d,  when 
the  assault  was  made,  the  46th  was  held  in  reserve.  After  the  de- 
feat of  the  assault  it  took  a position  in  front  and  sustained  a fire 
all  day.  The  daily  duty  of  the  regiment  during  the  siege  was 
much  the  same  one  day  with  another.  Two  companies  were  fur- 
nished daily  for  duty  in  the  advance  works.  Each  man  usually  dis- 
posed of  forty  rounds  of  ammunition.  On  July  3,  1863,  white  flags 
were  raised  on  the  Confederate  fortifications,  which  indicated  an 


Forty-Sixth  Infantry. 


283 


intention  to  surrender.  At  10  o’clock,  July  4th,  a large  white  flag 
appeared  on  the  courthouse,  telling  the  besieging  army  the  strong- 
est position  of  the  Confederacy,  in  the  West  at  least,  had  surren- 
dered. More  than  a hundred  of  the  Confederates  were  feasted  by 
the  46th,  that  best  and  most  glorious  Fourth  of  July,  1863,  when, 
after  forty-three  days’  siege,  the  city  surrendered. 

On  the  otli  of  July  the  regiment  marched  with  the  army  sent  to 
Jackson,  Mississippi,  to  capture  or  drive  Gen.  J.  E.  Johnston  out  of 
that  city  and  State.  On  the  10th  the  army  commenced  closing  in 
on  Jackson.  Some  hard  skirmishes  were  allotted  to  the  46th,  but  it 
gained  its  position  without  serious  loss.  The  siege  went  on  until 
the  21st,  when  General  Johnston,  to  avoid  capture,  evacuated  the 
city  and  retreated  east.  After  assisting  in  destroying  the  railroads, 
the  regiment  commenced  the  return  march  to  Vicksburg,  where  it 
arrived  on  the  23d.  ending  the  most  memorable  campaign  of  the 
war.  The  results  were  more  far-reaching  than  any  other  cam- 
paign. The  Confederacy  could  not  live  without  Vicksburg.  Cham- 
pion’s Hill  opened  the  door  to  Vicksburg,  and  the  fall  of  the  Con- 
federacy, and  it  should  be  made  the  sixteenth  decisive  battle  of  the 
world.  It  should  be  added  to  Creasy ’s  fifteen  decisive  battles.  For 
ninety,  days  the  regiment  never  was  out  of  hearing  of  hostile  can- 
non. The  Confederates  lost  40,000  men,  killed,  wounded  and  pris- 
oners: 170  cannon,  50,000  small  arms  and  immense  stores,  and  the 
territory  of  Vicksburg,  Jackson  and  Port  Hudson  and  control  of 
the  Mississippi  River. 

August  4th  the  regiment  embarked  for  Natchez,  arriving  there 
the  7tli.  rested  until  the  15th.  and  on  that  date  it  embarked  for  New 
Orleans,  arriving  the  17th.  Its  occupation  at  New  Orleans  was 
dress  parades  and  grand  reviews.  The  12th  of  August  it  was  or- 
dered to  march.  It  left  Carrollton  and  landed  at  Algiers,  and  the 
same  night  got  aboard  care  previously  loaded  with  commissary 
stores  for  Brashear  City,  arriving  the  next  day.  On  the  28th  it 
crossed  Berwick  Bay,  and  on  October  3d  the  regiment  was  again  on 
the  march  and  passed  through  Centerville  and  Franklin,  camping 
at  New  Iberia.  At  the  latter  place  a school  for  field  officers  and 
brigade  drill  was  established.  Fortunately  it  only  lasted  three 
days.  On  the  15th  the  Confederates  broke  it  up  by  making  an 
attack  on  General  Weitzell’s  command,  and  the  1st  Brigade,  to 
which  the  regiment  belonged,  was  ordered  to  his  support.  He  was 
able  to  take  care  of  himself. 

On  the  16th  the  Confederates  made  an  effort  to  get  away  with 
a large  drove  of  cattle.  The  1st  Brigade  advanced  and  drove  the 


284 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


enemy  away,  keeping  the  cattle.  On  the  20th  the  1st  Brigade  led 
the  advance  on  Opelousas,  where  a large  Confederate  force  was 
assembled.  It  fled — there  was  no  battle.  General  Franklin  rode 
with  the  regiment  during  this  advance  and  highly  complimented 
the  men  for  the  precision  of  its  maneuvering.  The  brigade 
marched  through  Opelousas  to  Barre’s  Landing,  on  the  Bayou  Car- 
tableaux. 

November  3d  the  Confederates  attacked  General  Burbidge’s 
Division,  encamped  at  Carrion  Crow  Bayou.  As  soon  as  the  attack 
commenced  the  46tli  Regiment  was  assembled,  and  before  the  staff 
officer  reached  the  camp  was  on  the  march  at  double-quick  to  the  aid 
of  Burbridge’s  Division,  three  miles  away,  and  arrived  in  time  to 
save  a battery  and  many  soldiers  from  capture.  The  day  after  the 
battle,  General  Burbridge  personally  thanked  the  regiment  for  its 
timely  assistance. 

The  night  of  the  6tli  the  regiment  reached  Vermilliouville.  The 
army  had  passed  through  the  town.  The  regiment  was  halted  at 
the  edge  of  it,  and  ordered  to  remain  until  all  property  belonging 
to  the  army  was  removed. 

The  Confederate  army,  at  least  10,000  strong,  was  within  three 
miles  of  the  town,  formed  in  a crescent.  Its  wings  extended  beyond 
and  almost  surrounded  the  town.  On  the  other  side  of  the  town,  and 
about  the  same  distance  away,  was  the  Union  army.  Between  the 
two  was  the  regiment,  300  men  and  twenty-five  cavalrymen.  This 
position  was  maintained  until  1 o’clock  a.  m.,  when  the  regiment 
was  called  in,  and  on  the  16tli  the  regiment  marched  to  New  Iberia. 
At  midnight  on  the  19th  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  fall  in,  and  to 
take  eighty  rounds  of  ammunition,  and.  keeping  quiet,  was  to  march 
to  Camp  Pratt,  on  Lake  Mauripas.  The  enemy  was  caught  asleep, 
pickets  and  entire  force,  except  two  men,  being  captured.  The 
regiment  mounted  the  prisoners  on  mules,  two  and  three  on  an  ani- 
mal, and  returned  to  camp.  On  the  19th  the  march  to  Brasliear 
City  was  commenced,  arriving  there  on  the  22d,  went  aboard  cars 
and  reached  Algiers  the  same  day. 

December  29th  Companies  C,  F,  IT  and  I embarked  on  a steamer 
for  Texas.  It  landed  at  Matagorda  Bay,  where  it  remained  two 
weeks  and  then  returned.  January  19th,  1864,  the  46th  crossed 
Lake  Pontchartrain  to  Madisonville.  Leaving  Madisonville  Feb- 
ruary 27th,  it  returned  to  Algiers  and  re-enlisted  as  veterans. 
Those  not  re-enlisting  were  assigned  to  Varner’s  Battalion. 

March  3d  orders  were  received  to  march  to  Alexandria.  Pass- 
ing Alexandria  the  26th,  the  regiment  reached  Natchitoches  April 


Forty-Sixth  Infantry. 


285 


1st.  On  April  7tli,  1864,  the  regiment  encamped  at  Pleasant  Hill. 
On  the  8th  the  regiment  accompanied  the  division,  which,  exclu- 
sive of  train  guards,  numbered  about  1,200  men.  The  army  was 
advancing  along  a single  wagon  road,  through  dense  pine  forests, 
crossed  by  deep  gullies  and  spanned  by  narrow  bridges.  The  army 
was  stretched  out  on  thirty  miles  of  this  road,  and  when  this  road 
became  blocked  the  army  could  neither  reinforce  the  front  or  the 
rear.  The  cavalry  was  in  advance  and  was  the  first,  to  be  attacked 
by  the  enemy  and  defeated;  then  the  4th  Division,  13th  Army 
Corps,  2,200  men,  was  brought  up  and  defeated.  Then  the  3d 
Division,  1,200  strong,  was  marched  four  miles,  through  into  the 
battle  and  was  also  defeated.  The  regiment  fought  until  sur- 
rounded and  then  fought  its  way  out  with  a loss  of  7 killed,  13 
wounded  and  86  prisoners.  Those  who  succeeded  in  fighting  their 
way  out  joined  the  19tli  Corps  and  helped  defeat  the  enemy  that 
night.  The  Confederate  force  in  line  was  at  least  8,000  men.  The 
Union  army  lost  600,  killed  and  wounded,  and  1,250  captured. 
The  Confederate  loss,  from  official  reports,  was  3,100,  of  whom 
1,000  were  dead  within  ten  days.  This  was  the  battle  of  Sabine 
Cross  Roads. 

April  9.  1864,  the  entire  army  was  in  line  of  battle  at  Pleasant 
Lake  Hill.  This  was  the  only  time  since  leaving  Alexandria.  Here 
the  Confederates,  10.000  strong,  were  badly  defeated.  The  46th 
Regiment  participated  in  the  victory.  The  Union  army  was  then 
marched  back  to  Grand  Ecore,  arriving  on  the  11th.  The  regi- 
ment was  engaged  on  entrenchments.  This  was  the  only  defeat 
the  regiment  acknowledged.  The  men  here  defeated  had  stood  at 
New  Madrid,  Port  Gibson,  Champion’s  Hill,  Jackson,  Port  Hud- 
son and  many  other  engagements  without  turning  their  backs  to  the 
foe. 

The  23d  of  April  it  fought  at  Cane  Hill,  and  the  Confederates 
were  defeated  with  great  loss.  From  the  23d  of  April  to  the  22d  of 
May  was  a constant  skirmish  and  sometimes  a severe  battle.  Not  a 
day  passed  without  an  engagement,  large  or  small.  The  regiment 
lost  more  than  33  per  cent.  The  regiment  assisted  in  the  con- 
struction of  the  dam  in  Red  River  to  save  Admiral  Porter’s  fleet. 
But  the  disatrous  Red  River  campaign  was  ended. 

The  regiment  was  ordered  to  Baton  Rouge.  The  third  day  after 
arriving,  a fine  steamer  came  down  the  river  for  New  Orleans  and 
the  regiment  marched  aboard.  There  was  always  a mystery  where 
the  order  came  from  and  where  it  was.  When  Colonel  Bringhurst 
was  asked  for  it.  Adjutant  Watts  had  it.  When  Watts  was  found 


286 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


the  absent  Colonel  had  it.  The  regiment  landed  and  went  into  camp 
at  Carrollton.  No  trouble  was  made  about  this  unauthorized  voyage. 
June  15tli  embarked  on  the  “Sultana”  for  Cairo,  where  it  arrived 
on  time.  Leaving  that  city,  it  arrived  at  Indianapolis  the  22d,  and 
was  welcomed  by  Governor  Morton.  The  regiment  landed  in  Lo- 
gansport  on  the  23d  of  June,  receiving  a warm  welcome.  Thou- 
sands of  people  filled  the  streets,  and  dinner  was  prepared  for  the 
regiment  by  the  ladies.  Judge  Biddle  welcomed  the  regiment,  and 
in  closing  his  address  said : 

“You  have  brought  home  the  rugged  laurels  of  the  soldiers, 
and  innocent  maidens  will  give  you  wreaths  of  flowers  to  twine 
with  them.  They  welcome  you  back  from  your  dangers.  Their 
tender  arms  ill  befit  the  battlefield,  and  they  look  to  you  for  pro- 
tection. You  will  give  it  to  them.  Remember,  each  one  of  you  is 
dear  to  some  heart,  and  I trust  that  each  of  you  has  some  object 
of  love,  reverence  or  affection  to  keep  your  hearts  true  to  your- 
self, your  country  and  your  God.  ’ ’ 

At  the  close  of  the  judge’s  address,  200  young  girls  advanced 
and  presented  a beautiful  bouquet  to  every  officer  and  soldier,  and. 
after  dress  parade,  it  was  dismissed  to  enjoy  its  well-earned  veteran 
furlough.  July  20th  an  order  was  published  for  the  regiment  to 
assemble  on  the  26th.  On  that  date  every  man  reported  except 
three,  who  were  sick.  From  the  26th  of  July  to  the  27th  of  August 
the  regiment  was  employed  in  southern  Indiana  and  northern  Ken- 
tucky, defeating  a Confederate  raid  into  Indiana.  On  the  27th 
the  regiment  moved  by  railroad  to  Lexington,  Kentucky.  Sep- 
tember 13th  left  Lexington  for  Cincinnati,  and  from  there  to  Big 
Sandy  River.  On  November  24th  went  to  Louisville  and  Lexing- 
ton, arriving  there  the  25th.  In  December  the  Sabine  Cross  Roads 
prisoners  joined  the  regiment.  Father  Rabb,  chaplain,  will  never 
be  forgotten  by  any  member  of  the  46tli  Regiment.  He  was  a 
practical  Christian.  He  lived  his  faith. 

A general  officer  said : ‘ ‘ The  46th  has  had  the  good  fortune  to 

always  please  commandants,  under  whose  authority  it  has  been 
placed.  But  on  the  field  and  in  garrison,  its  officers  and  men  have 
given  such  satisfaction  as  to  have  been  given  up  with  reluctance 
by  those  in  command.  This  has  much  to  do  with  keeping  the  regi- 
ment in  the  service.” 

The  regiment  was  mustered  out  at  Louisville  on  the  4th  of  Sep- 
tember, 1865,  transported  to  Indianapolis  and  paid  off  on  the  11th. 
The  officers  and  men  returned  home  as  citizens  and  were  given  a 
rousing  reception. 


Forty-Sixtii  Infantry. 


287 


And  so  the  46tli  Regiment  Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry  passed 
into  history.  The  members  faithfully  served  their  terms  of  enlist- 
ment- and  re-enlisted  and  again  merged  into  the  citizenship  of  the 
nation.  All  felt  proud  of  the  record  of  their  regiment.  No  page 
of  it  brought  discredit  to  its  members  or  the  State.  The  46th  sim- 
ply claims  it  was  an  Indiana  regiment,  and  that  its  members  are 
satisfied  with  its  record. 

The  regiment  lest  during  service  4 officers  and  66  enlisted  men. 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  3 officers  and  191  enlisted  men  by 
disease.  Total.  264. 


Monument  of  47th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

2d  BRIGADE  12th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
47th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  James  R.  Slack 
' Lieut.  Col.  John  A.  McLaughlin 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Siege,  May  25-July  4.  Casualties: 
Killed  37,  wounded  111,  missing  18,  total  166;  Lieut.  James  F.  Perry  killed,  Lieut.  George  W.  Cole 
mortally  wounded. 


(2S8) 


FORTY-SEVENTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  nucleus  of  the  47th  Regiment,  Indiana  Volunteers,  was 
formed  at  Bluffton,  Indiana.  Early  in  September,  1861,  John  A. 
McLaughlin,  a Mexican  war  veteran,  came  to  that  town  to  organize 
a company  for  the  war,  expecting  to  join  the  34th  Regiment,  then 
in  camp  at  Anderson,  Indiana.  On  the  25th  day  of  September  he 
went  into  that  camp  with  an  enrollment  of  83  men,  but  found  the 
regiment  already  full,  and,  holding  the  men  a few  days,  he  was 
ordered  to  Camp  Sullivan,  Indianapolis.  Here  the  required  num- 
ber for  a full  company  was  soon  added,  and  on  the  2d  day  of  No- 
vember the  company,  with  101  men,  including  officers,  was  mus- 
tered into  the  United  States  service  for  “three  years  or  during  the 
war,”  by  mustering  officer  John  B.  Ely,  of  Company  A,  of  the 
47th. 

The  regimental  officers  were  as  follows : 

James  R.  Slack Colonel. 

Milton  S.  Robinson Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Samuel  S.  Mickel Major. 

Marion  P.  Evans Adjutant. 

George  Nichol Quartermaster. 

Samuel  WJ  Sawyer Chaplain. 

James  L.  Dicken Surgeon. 

James  R.  Mills Assistant  Surgeon. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co.  A.  John  A.  McLaughlin, 

Albert  Moorehouse, 

Nicholas  Van  Horn. 

Co.  B.  Lewis  H.  Goodwin, 

Wm.  M.  Henley, 

Christian  B.  Rager. 

Co.  C.  Esaias  Daily, 

Byron  H.  Dent, 

Henry  C.  Weimer. 

Co.  D.  James  R.  Bruner, 

T.  J.  Siling, 

Conrad  H.  Lines. 

Co.  E.  James  Wintrode, 

John  Swaidner, 

Elijah  Snow'den. 

Co.  F.  Sextus  H.  Shearer, 

Silas  S.  Hall, 

Aurelius  Purviance. 

Co.  G.  John  T.  Robinson, 

John  F.  Eglin, 

Wm.  Woodbeck. 

Co.  H.  Samuel  J.  Keller, 

George  H.  Brinkerhoff, 

James  Gordon. 

Co.  I.  Joshua  W.  Bowersock, 

John  Emory, 

Edward  J.  Williams. 

Co.  K.  Ellison  C.  Hill, 

Wm.  H.  Hay  ford, 

Joseph  A.  McKinsey. 

On  the  13th  of  December,  1861,  Colonel  Slack  had  his  regiment 
drawn  up  in  line  and  formally  presented  to  the  United  States.  On 
the  15th  it  broke  camp  and  departed  for  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

From  thence  it  marched  to  Oakland,  camped  and  was  assigned 
to  General  Wood’s  Brigade  of  Buell’s  Army.  From  this  place,  by 
short  stages,  it  marched  to  Camp  Wickliffe,  then  under  General 
Nelson ; on  the  14th  of  February,  it  marched  through  Elizabeth- 
town to  West  Point,  on  the  Ohio  River,  where  it  took  transport  for 
Commerce,  Mo.,  on  the  Mississippi  River,  arriving  on  the  24th,  and 


]19[ 


(289) 


290 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


marched  out  to  Benton,  Missouri,  and  March  1st  it  marched  to  a 
point  below  Island  No.  10,  on  the  Mississippi  River,  and  operated 
along-  the  river  between  that  point  and  New  Madrid,  and  was  the 
first  regiment  to  enter  Fort  Thompson,  March  14th. 

With  the  34th,  43d  and  46th  regiments,  under  General  Palmer, 
it  participated  in  the  action  which  cut  off  communications  with 
Island  No.  10,  and  joined  in  the  surrender  of  that  point.  This 
was  the  first  action  that  tested  the  mettle  of  the  men.  The  guns 
were  pulled  in  place  on  the  river  bank  by  hand,  with  ropes,  in  the 
darkness  of  the  night,  and  the  men,  with  no  other  protection  than 
the  rifle-pits  scooped  out  in  the  sand,  held  their  ground  against 
the  fire  of  the  rebel  gunboats,  disabling  one  and  driving  off  the 
others.  From  this  point  the  regiment  moved  to  Tiptonville,  Ten- 
nessee, remaining  there  from  April  15th  until  June  15th. 

The  next  move  was  to  Memphis,  remaining  until  July  25th, 
Colonel  Slack  being  in  charge  of  the  post.  The  regiment  was  then 
taken  by  transport  to  Helena,  Arkansas,  where  it  remained  until 
February  24,  1863.  While  at  Helena  the  regiment  made  several 
raids  into  the  enemy’s  territory,  one  of  which,  on  the  lltli  of 
August,  1862,  on  Brown’s  plantation,  in  Mississippi,  resulted  dis- 
astrously, especially  to  Company  A,  which  was  guarding  a large 
amount  of  cotton.  The  men  had  traveled  till  midnight,  and,  tired 
and  sleepy,  had  thrown  themselves  down  in  the  open  without  proper 
guard  and  were  attacked  about  3 o’clock  in  the  morning,  losing  11 
killed  and  badly  wounded. 

The  47th  participated  in  three  of  Grant’s  five  attempts  to  get 
around  Vicksburg;  those  of  the  Yazoo  Pass,  the  Coldwater,  the 
Tallahatchie  River,  which  brought  them  up  to  Fort  Greenwood,  on 
the  Yazoo  River,  occupying  the  time  from  February  25th  until 
April  8th.  This  was  followed  by  the  march  across  Mil  liken ’s  Bend 
to  New  Carthage,  via  Perkins’  and  James’  plantations.  The  regi- 
ment crossed  the  river  by  transports  and  was  landed  at  Bruinsburg 
April  30th.  Here  it  was  assigned  to  Ilovey’s  Division,  McCler- 
nand’s  Corps,  and  now  commenced  the  real  Vicksburg  campaign. 
At  this  point  it  is  deemed  proper  to  give  the  real  state  of  the  47th 
regiment’s  field  and  staff  officers,  as  many  changes  had  been  made 
by  resignation,  death  and  promotion. 

James  R.  Slack Colonel. 

John  A.  McLaughlin Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Lewis  H.  Goodwin Major. 

Wm.  H.  Vance Adjutant. 

James  L.  Dicken Surgeon. 

Thos.  H.  Crosby Assistant  Surgeon. 


Forty-Seventh  Infantry. 


291 


Immediately  on  landing,  the  evening  of  April  30th,  the  regiment 
took  np  its  line  of  march,  and,  after  an  all-night  tramp,  confronted 
the  enemy  under  General  Bowen  near  Port  Gibson.  Hovey’s  Di- 
vision had  the  brunt  of  this  battle,  and  the  47th,  assisted  by  a bat- 
tery of  field  guns,  repulsed  charges  made  by  one  of  Bowen’s 
brigades. 

General  McClernand’s  Corps  now  consisted  of  Carr’s,  Oster- 
haus’,  Hovey’s  and  Smith’s  Divisions,  and  drove  the  enemy  from 
the  field  with  heavy  loss.  But  little  opposition  was  encountered 
until  May  16th,  on  Champion’s  Hill,  when  the  army  encountered 
General  Pemberton’s  army,  which  came  out  from  Vicksburg  and 
gave  battle.  Here,  again,  Ilovey ’s  Division  was  brought  on  and  had 
the  hardest  of  the  battle.  Company  A of  the  47th  was  on  the  skir- 
mish line,  and  a retrograde  movement  of  the  forces  engaged  brought 
the  11th  Regiment  to  the  rear  of  that  line,  and  the  charge  made  by 
that  regiment  swept  the  skirmishers  with  it.  The  guns  of  a rebel 
battery  were  captured,  but  had  to  be  abandoned,  for  just  at  that 
time  our  force  was  outnumbered.  We  had  to  fall  back  for  a space, 
but  were  soon  reinforced  and  the  enemy  was  swept  from  the  field. 
The  Champion’s  Hill  fight  has  been  set  down  in  history  as  one  of 
the  three  great  battles  that  decided  the  fate  of  the  Southern  Confed- 
eracy. It  was  certain  that  Pemberton  would  now  have  to  fall  back 
to  Vicksburg,  and  as  certain  that  Vicksburg,  with  its  army,  must 
fall,  and  that  the  Confederate  States  would  be  completely  divided 
by  the  Mississippi  River,  which  would  be  held  against  them  in  its 
entirety. 

At  Champion’s  Hill,  the  entire  loss  was  2,441  killed  and 
wounded,  and  of  Hovey’s  Division,  1,202,  or  over  40  per  cent.  of. the 
men  engaged.  The  47th  Regiment’s  loss  was  140,  and  Lieuts. 
James  F.  Perry  and  George  W.  Cole,  of  Company  B,  were  killed, 
and  Major  Goodwin,  Captain  Sturgis  and  Lieutenant  Bender  were 
wounded. 

From  this  time  our  progress  was  rapid.  Some  opposition  at  the 
Black  River  Bridge,  on  the  18th,  was  met  with.  On  May  26th  the 
47th  was  assigned  to  its  position  in  the  rear  of  Vicksburg,  and  com- 
menced the  process  of  fighting  the  enemy  with  pick,  spade  and 
starvation. 

Capt.  S.  J.  Keller,  of  Company  H.  a Mexican  War  veteran,  still 
lives.  He  permitted  us  to  quote  from  his  diary  a few  of  his  daily 
records  during  the  siege:  “May  26th,  ordered  out  as  sharpshoot- 
ers and  are  in  trenches  within  200  yards  of  the  enemy’s  forts.  No 
enemy  dare  show  his  head.  We  shoot  so  close  or  pick  them  off  as  to 


292 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Avarn  them  to  keep  hid.  Had  heavy  artillery  firing  on  both  sides. 
A flag  of  truce  sent  out  to  bury  the  dead  and  bring  in  the  wounded. 
The  men  from  both  sides  came  together  and  tallied  friendly.  Our 
boys  jollied  them  and  advised  them  to  give  up  and  save  their  city 
and  many  lives.  They  replied  that  they  still  had  hopes  General 
Johnston  would  come  to  their  relief.  May  28th — We  are  back  in 
camp.  Had  only  one  man  Avounded  in  our  regiment  the  tAvo  days 
we  Avere  out,  but  some  of  the  men  had  many  narrow  escapes.  June 
11th — Last  night  was  dark  and  stormy.  Was  on  duty  the  forepart. 
Thundered  and  lightened  and  poured  as  if  the  earth  and  sky  Avere 
coming  together.  Went  into  camp,  wet,  muddy  and  half  dead. 
June  25tli — Blew  up  one  of  the  enemy’s  forts.  Heavy  artillery 
duel  which  lasted  tAvo  hours.  June  30tli — Busy  working  on  our 
payrolls.  A cannon  ball  from  the  enemy’s  guns  struck  my  tent  and 
threw  dirt  and  dust  all  over  us.  July  3d — Have  dug  our  trench 
almost  into  the  enemy’s  works  and  our  men  are  lying  flat  on  the 
ground.  July  4th — This  is  a glorious  old  Fourth  of  July.  Vicks- 
burg has  surrendered.  ’ ’ 

After  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg  the  47tli  participated  in  the 
recapture  of  Jackson.  Returning  to  Vicksburg,  it  was  sent  to 
New  Orleans,  and,  under  General  Banks,  went  on  the  first  Red 
River  campaign,  up  the  Teche  country,  in  Avestern  Louisiana,  and 
after  the  engagement  at  Bayou  Grand  Coteau  it  returned  to  New 
Iberia,  and  Avhile  there,  in  December,  1863,  the  regiment  re-en- 
listed and  Avas  furloughed  home  to  Indianapolis,  Avhere  it  arrived 
on  the  18th  day  of  February,  1864,  with  416  veterans  aaTlo  had  re- 
enlisted. 

On  February  19tli,  at  a public  reception  given  to  the  veterans 
of  the  21st  and  47th  Regiments,  in  Indianapolis,  addresses  Avere 
made  by  Governor  Morton  and  Colonel  Slack. 

Upon  its  return  to  the  field  the  47th  moved  Avith  Banks’  army  on 
the  Red  River  expedition  in  the  spring  of  1864,  engaging  in  the 
marches,  battles  and  retreats  of  that  disastrous  campaign.  On  the 
28th  of  July  it  engaged  the  enemy  at  Atchafalya  Bayou,  having 
many  wounded. 

The  regiment  Avas  then  stationed  at  Morganza  Bend,  Louisiana, 
at  which  post  it  remained  on  duty  some  time.  On  December  31st, 
1864,  Col.  James  R.  Slack  was  commissioned  brigadier-general,  and 
Lieut.  Col.  John  A.  McLaughlin  succeeded  him  as  colonel  of  the 
regiment. 

In  February  the  47tli  Avas  transported  to  the  mouth  of  Mobile 
Bay  and  took  an  active  part  in  the  campaign  of  March  and  April, 


Forty-Seventh  Infantry. 


293 


1865,  which  resulted  in  the  capture  of  the  city  of  Mobile  and  de- 
fenses. After  the  fall  of  Mobile  the  regiment  was  transferred  to 
Shreveport,  La.,  with  the  division  of  General  Herron,  to  receive 
the  surrender  of  Confederate  General  Price’s  army,  where  it  re- 
mained until  October  23,  1865.  when  it  was  mustered  out  and  re- 
turned home  to  Indianapolis,  reaching  there  November  1,  with  532 
enlisted  men  and  32  commissioned  officers. 

Before  the  final  discharge,  on  the  2d  of  November,  the  regi- 
ment was  addressed  in  the  capitol  grounds  by  Governor  Morton, 
General  Slack,  Colonels  McLaughlin  and  Robinson,  after  which  the 
regiment  departed  for  their  respective  homes,  to  resume  their  places 
as  patriotic  citizens. 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  2 officers  and  80  enlisted  men 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  4 officers  and  250  enlisted  men  by 
disease;  total,  336. 


Monument  of  48tli  Infantry. 


(Monument,  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  7th  DIVISION  17th  CORPS 
48th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Norman  Eddy 

Engaged:  Near  Bayou  Pierre,  May  3;  Raymond,  May  12;  Jackson,  May  14;  Champion’s  Hill. 
May  16;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4.  Casualties:  Killed  14,  wounded  71,  missing  1, 
total  86. 


(294) 


FORTY-EIGHTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  48th  Regiment  was  organized  at  Goshen.  Indiana,  and  mus- 
tered into  service  December  6.  1861,  and  its  field  and  staff  commis- 
sioned to  serve  as  follows : 


Norman  Eddy,  Goshen Colonel. 

Melvin  B.  Hascall,  South  Bend Lieutenant-Colonel. 

DeWitt  C.  Rugg,  Indianapolis Major. 

Edward  P.  Stanfield,  South  Bend Adjutant. 

Charles  L.  Murray,  Goshen Quartermaster. 

John  W.  Smith,  Middlebury Chaplain. 

Levi  J.  Ham,  South  Bend Surgeon. . 

Frank  T.  Bryson,  Middlebury Assistant  Surgeon. 


The  companies  of  the  organization  composing  the  regiment  were 
from  St.  Joseph.  Elkhart,  Laporte,  Noble  and  Jasper  counties. 

Owing  to  resignations,  severity  of  the  service,  which  caused 
retirement  for  disability,  wounds  in  battle,  and  like  causes,  the  field 
and  staff  originally  mustered  in  with  this  regiment  were  nearly  all 
replaced  during  its  enlistment  with  officers  next  in  rank,  and  was 
most  ably  commanded  from  time  of  its  muster  until  disbandment 
at  the  close  of  the  war. 


Co.  A. 
Co.  B. 
Co.  c. 
Co.  D. 
Co.  E. 
Co.  F. 
Co.  G. 
Co.  H. 
Co.  I. 
Co.  K. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS  ORIGINALLY  AS  FOLLOWS: 


Captain. 

Benjamin  D.  Townsend, 
William  H.  Sutphen, 
Daniel  Cmmpacker, 
Orrison  Wilson, 

Thomas  B.  Roberts 
Barnet  Byrkett, 
Richard  F.  Mann, 
Gustavus  Paulus, 
Edward  J.  Wood, 

David  S.  Snyder, 


1st  Lieutenant. 
Abner  J.  Dean, 

Asa  Knott, 

Welcome  Rice, 
Jasper  Packard, 
David  F.  Spain, 
William  A.  Judkins, 
Henry  A.  White, 
Gotlieb  Schauble, 
Abraham  S.  Fisher, 
Albert  J.  Guthridge, 


2d  Lieutenant. 
Edward  J.  King. 
George  H.  Loring. 
George  Baldwin. 
Derick  Brinkerhoof. 
George  W.  Hart. 
Crawford  McDonald. 
George  W.  Thayer. 
Henry  Milburn. 
George  W.  Gibben. 
John  Miller. 


Owing  to  the  fatalities  of  war,  resignations,  because  of  disabil- 
ity, and  worthy  promotions  to  rank  in  field  and  staff,  all  these  line 
officers  that  were  mustered  with  organization  of  the  regiment  were 
succeeded  during  the  service  by  officers  next  in  rank. 

February  1,  1862,  the  regiment  broke  camp,  and,  under  orders, 
proceeded  to  Fort  Donelson,  via  Cairo,  where  it  arrived  the  day 
after  the  surrender  of  that  fort.  From  thence  to  Paducah,  and  in 
May  moved  up  the  Tennessee  River  and  engaged  in  the  siege  of 
Corinth,  and  after  evacuation  of  this  place  was  assigned  to  1st 
Brigade,  2d  Division,  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  and  took  part  in  cam- 
paigns against  Confederate  General  Price’s  army  during  the  sum- 
mer of  1862. 


(295) 


296 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


On  the  19th  of  September  the  regiment  participated  in  the 
battle  of  Iuka,  losing  116  men  in  killed  and  wounded,  out  of  420 
engaged. 

October  3d  and  4th  engaged  in  second  battle  of  Corinth,  under 
Rosecrans.  losing  26  killed  and  wounded. 

After  further  campaigning  in  Tennessee  the  regiment  marched 
into  Memphis  and  was,  in  January,  1863,  assigned  to  1st  Brigade, 
7th  Division,  17th  Army  Corps.  After  remaining  in  Memphis  and 
vicinity  two  months,  the  regiment  was  transported  by  boat  down  the 
Mississippi  River  to  join  General  Grant’s  army,  organizing  for  the 
campaign  of  Vicksburg. 

During  this  campaign  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  action  at 
Forty  Hills,  Mississippi,  May  3d;  battles  of  Raymond,  May 
12th;  Jackson,  May  14th.  and  in  engagement  at  Champion’s  Hill, 
May  16th  in  which  battle  the  regiment’s  loss  was  33,  killed  and 
wounded. 

It  was  actively  engaged  in  the  trenches  during  the  siege  of 
Vicksburg,  from  the  18th  of  May  until  the  surrender,  July  4,  1863. 
and  in  the  dreadful  assault  on  May  22d  suffered  a loss  of  33  in  killed 
and  wounded.  After  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg  the  regiment  re- 
mained in  that  vicinity  until  August,  when  it  again  returned  to 
Memphis  and  from  thence,  with  other  troops,  marched  across  the 
country  to  Chattanooga,  and  while  in  that  vicinity  engaged  the 
enemy  at  Tunnel  Hill. 

From  thence  back  to  Huntsville,  Alabama,  and  while  stationed 
there,  in  January,  1864,  the  regiment  re-enlisted  as  a veteran  or- 
ganization and  returned  home  to  Indiana  on  furlough,  reaching 
Indianapolis  the  6th  of  February,  with  369  veterans,"  who  were 
publicly  received  and  welcomed,  February  8th,  by  Governor  Morton 
and  others. 

After  expiration  of  furlough  the  regiment  again  returned  to 
Huntsville,  Alabama,  where  it  remained  until  June,  and  later 
marched  to  Cartersville,  Georgia,  where  it  was  on  duty  guarding 
General  Sherman’s  railroad  communications  during  the  campaign 
to  Atlanta.  It  was  continued  on  this  duty  until  Confederate  Gen- 
eral Hood’s  invasion,  when  the  regiment  joined  Sherman’s  army 
and  marched  with  1st  Brigade,  3d  Division,  15th  Army  Corps,  in 
campaign  from  Atlanta  to  Savannah. 

From  Savannah  it  moved  to  Beaufort,  and  then  on  with  the 
army  through  the  Carolinas,  going  through  Columbia,  Cheraw,  Fay- 
etteville and  Goldsborough  to  Raleigh. 


Forty-Eighth  Infantry. 


297 


From  Raleigh  it  moved  northward,  after  the  surrender  of  John- 
son’s army,  to  Petersburg,  165  miles  on  forced  marches,  and  from 
Petersburg  marched  to  Washington.  Soon  after  arrival  there  it 
was  transferred  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  where  the  regiment  was 
mustered  out  of  service  July  15,  1865. 

Returned  to  Indianapolis,  where  it  was  present  at  a reception 
of  a large  number  of  Indiana  troops  in  the  capitol  grounds,  July 
18th,  and  heard  commendatory  addresses  by  Governor  Morton  and 
others. 

During  term  of  service  this  regiment  lost  88  enlisted  men,  killed 
and  mortally  wounded,  and  4 officers  and  175  enlisted  men  by  dis- 
ease ; total,  267. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  9th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
49th  INFANTRY 


Colonel  James  Keigwin 
I.ieut.  Col.  Joseph  K.  Thobnton 
Major  Author  J.  Hawhe 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17; 
Assault,  May  19;  Assault,  May  22.  Duty  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  24-July  4.  Casualties: 
Killed  10,  wounded  52,  missing  2,  total  64. 


(298) 


FORTY-NINTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


During  the  closing  days  of  August,  1861,  and  the  following 
month,  September,  the  nucleus  of  what  became  the  49tli  Regiment 
Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry  entered  “Camp  Joe  Holt,”  a rendez- 
vous for  troops,  situated  on  the  north  bank  of  the  Ohio  River  and 
just  west  of  Jeffersonville,  Indiana.  By  the  18th  of  October  the 
formation  of  the  regiment  was  completed,  and  it  was  mustered  into 
the  United  States  service  November  21,  1861. 


FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

John  W.  Ray 

James  Keigwin 

Joseph  H.  Thornton 

James  W.  Gwin 

Charles  H.  Paddack 

William  Maple 

Charles  D.  Pearson 


Colonel, 

Lieutenant-Colonel . 
Major. 

Adjutant. 

Quartermaster. 

Chaplain. 

Surgeon. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co. 

A. 

Arthur  J.  Hawhe, 

Thomas  A.  Fleming, 

Jas.  C.  McConahay. 

Co. 

B. 

John  W.  Kane, 

Thomas  Bare, 

James  W.  Thompson. 

Co. 

C. 

John  Nafius, 

Isaac  Buzby, 

James  Fulyard. 

Co. 

D. 

James  Leeper, 

LTpshur  S.  Reynolds, 

J.  A.  C.  McCoy. 

Co. 

E. 

Edward  B.  Cutler. 

Hiram  Evans, 

Ira  B.  Hyde. 

Co. 

F. 

Wm.  H.  Peckenpaugh, 

Caleb  Temple, 

Emory  P.  Toney. 

Co. 

G. 

John  A.  Ritter, 

William  Charles, 

Elijah  T.  Pennick. 

Co.  H. 

Samuel  M.  Johnston, 

George  W.  Riddle, 

James  K.  Holcroft. 

Co. 

I. 

John  Alles, 

John  F.  B.  Widmer, 

Edward  Bohart. 

Co. 

K, 

McHewet  Keck, 

James  W.  Higgins, 

William  W.  Pate. 

On  the  11th  of  December  the  regiment  began  its  first  march. 
Crossing  the  river  it  proceeded  through  Louisville,  Kentucky,  to 
Bardstown,  Kentucky,  which  place  it  reached  on  the  13th  of  De- 
cember, and  where  it  entered  a camp  of  instruction. 

On  the  12th  of  January,  1862,  the  regiment  left  Bardstown 
under  orders  to  reinforce  General  Thomas,  who  was  watching  the 
movements  of  the  rebel  General  Zollicoffer,  who  seemed  to  threaten 
another  invasion  of  Kentucky,  he  having  been  soundly  defeated  a 
few  months  before,  at  Wild  Cat,  Kentucky. 

The  regiment  had  reached  a point  five  miles  south  of  Lebanon, 
when  it  received  the  news  of  General  Thomas’  victory  at  Mill 
Springs,  Kentucky,  in  which  engagement  General  Zollicoffer  was 
killed.  The  regiment  then  proceeded  through  Lebanon,  Crab  Or- 
chard, Mt.  Vernon.  London  and  Barboursville,  to  Cumberland  Ford, 
Kentucky,  which  place  was  reached  February  15,  1862. 


(299) 


300 


ix niAXA  at  Vicksburg. 


The  winter  of  18(31.  throughout  the  line  of  march,  was  not  cold, 
but  it  supplied  great  quantities  of  snow,  slush  and  rain,  and,  in 
the  effort  to  reach  its  destination,  the  regiment  was  compelled  to 
build  roads  to  enable  the  wagons  to  get  along.  While  unpleasant, 
and  a new  experience  for  the  men,  they  bore  everything  cheerfully, 
but  later,  as  spring  came  in.  the  effects  of  exposure  developed.  For 
a time  scarcely  a hundred  men  could  be  mustered  for  duty.  Some 
died,  some  were  discharged,  while  others  were  slow  in  returning  to 
health. 

In  the  month  of  June,  1862,  the  army  of  General  Morgan,  of 
which  the  49th  was  a part,  occupied  Cumberland  Gap  and  pro- 
ceeded to  add  to  the  strength  of  an  already  well  fortified  position. 

In  the  month  of  August  the  rebel  General  Kirby  Smith,  with  a 
strong  force,  came  through  the  mountains  and  succeeded  in  cutting 
off  supplies  and  all  communication  between  the  two  Union  forces. 
At  the  time  this  occurred  supplies  in  Cumberland  Gap  were  some- 
what at  a low  ebb,  and  the  men  were  in  need  of  clothing.  By  the 
17th  of  September  rations  were  all  gone,  and  the  clothing  sadly  in 
need  of  repair.  Then  it  was  that  the  evacuation  was  begun  and 
accomplished.  Through  the  eastern  part  of  Kentucky,  over  almost 
impassable  roads,  harrassed  night  and  day  by  rebel  cavalry,  the 
army  plodded,  reaching  Greenupsburg,  Kentucky,  on  the  Ohio 
River,  October  4th,  where  it  crossed  into  Ohio  for  “eats”  and 
outfits. 

Going  into  camp  at  Oakland,  Ohio,  Col.  John  W.  Ray  met  the 
regiment,  he  having  been  absent  on  detached  service  since  June. 
He  tendered  his  resignation  and  was  succeeded  by  James  Keigwin, 
who  continued  as  colonel  to  the  close  of  the  war.  But  little  time 
was  given  for  recuperation,  as  orders  came  to  the  regiment  to  march 
to  Gallipolis,  Ohio,  and  there  cross  the  river  into  Point  Pleasant. 
West  Virginia,  and  proceed  up  the  Kanawha  Valley,  which  it  did 
as  far  as  Coal’s  Mouth,  where  it  went  into  winter  quarters. 

The  winters  must  have  been  exceptionally  short  in  that  section, 
for  November  17tli  found  the  regiment  back  at  Point  Pleasant  em- 
barking on  transports  bound  for  Memphis,  Tennessee,  where  it 
arrived  on  the  30th  of  said  month  and  became  a part  of  General 
Sherman’s  expedition  against  Vicksburg. 

All  details  being  completed,  the  army  embarked  December  19, 
1862,  that  part  to  which  the  49th  belonged  landing  at  Chickasaw 
Bayou,  Mississippi,  on  Christmas  eve.  For  seven  days  the  Union 
army  engaged  the  enemy,  but  without  success.  Withdrawing  on 
the  morning  of  January  2,  1863.  the  army  proceeded  to  Young’s 


Forty-Ninth  I nfantr  y. 


301 


Point,  Louisiana,  where  a change  of  commanders  took  place,  Gen- 
eral John  A.  McClernand  succeeding  General  Sherman  in  com- 
mand. Without  landing,  the  troops  were  ordered  up  the  Arkansas 
River  to  Arkansas  Post,  a strongly  fortified  position  held  by  a force 
of  over  five  thousand  men  under  General  Churchill.  On  the  11th 
of  January,  after  a fierce  fight  and  a gallant  defense,  the  enemy 
surrendered.  Returning  to  Young’s  Point.  Louisiana,  the  regiment 
assisted  in  digging  the  canal  which,  it  was  hoped,  would  change 
the  course  of  the  Mississippi  River,  thereby  making  it  possible  to 
convey  transports  and  gunboats  to  a point  below  Vicksburg.  On 
the  2d  of  April  the  regiment  moved  with  General  Grant’s  forces 
down  the  west  bank  of  the  river  to  a point  below  Grand  Gulf,  -where 
it  boarded  transports  which,  with  gunboats,  had  run  past  the  bat- 
teries of  Vicksburg  and  Grand  Gulf,  and  were  landed  at  Bruins- 
burg,  near  the  mouth  of  Bayou  Pierre.  On  the  30th  of  April  the 
regiment  crossed  the  river  and  marched  toward  Port  Gibson,  where, 
on  the  morning  of  May  1st.  began  the  battle  which  was  the  first  of  a 
series  of  engagements  preliminary  to  the  complete  investment  of 
Vicksburg. 

At  Champion’s  Hill.  Black  River  Bridge,  the  charges  on  the 
enemy’s  works  of  the  19th  and  22cl  of  May,  the  engagements  at 
Jackson,  the  49th  Indiana  Regiment  did  its  full  duty.  On  its  re- 
turn to  Vicksburg  it  embarked,  August  10th,  for  Port  Hudson,  and 
in  a few  days  proceeded  to  New  Orleans,  where  it  was  assigned  to 
the  Department  of  the  Gulf.  From  New  Orleans  the  regiment  was 
transported  by  cars  to  Brasliear  City,  on  Berwick  Bay,  from  whence 
it  joined  an  expedition  up  the  Teclie,  going  as  far  as  Opelousas, 
Louisiana,  passing  through  the  towns  of  Pattersonville,  Franklin 
and  New  Iberia.  It  was  ordered  back  to  New  Orleans  where,  on  the 
10th  of  December.  1863.  it  boarded  the  steamer  Blackstone  en  route 
for  the  Texas  coast.  Coming  out  of  the  Mississippi  River  into  the 
Gulf  of  Mexico  a heavy  storm  was  encountered,  which  constituted  a 
new  experience,  one  scarcely  appreciated.  Landing  at  Decroe’s 
Point,  on  Matagorda  Island,  and  at  the  entrance  of  Matagorda 
Bay,  the  regiment  went  into  camp,  removing  shortly  after  to  In- 
dianola,  farther  inland,  and  situated  on  the  bay.  At  this  point,  on 
February  2,  1864,  a portion  of  the  regiment  re-enlisted  for  another 
three  years,  or  during  the  war.  the  President  having  called  for  en- 
listments of  men  of  two  years’,  or  longer,  service. 

In  March  the  regiment  moved  to  Fort  Esperanza.  on  Matagorda 
Island,  where  it  remained  until  April  19th,  when  it  re-embarked 
and  recrossed  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  back  to  New  Orleans.  Here  it 


302 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


took  passage  on  the  steamer  Emma  for  Alexandria,  Louisiana,  to 
reinforce  General  Banks’  army  on  Red  River.  The  regiment,  on 
arrival  at  its  destination,  was  moved  to  the  front,  where  it  was  en- 
gaged thirteen  days,  driving  the  enemy  or  holding  it  in  check  until 
the  naval  forces  could  get  their  gunboats  below  the  falls,  they  hav- 
ing been  delayed  above  on  account  of  low  water.  This  accom- 
plished, the  army  took  up  its  march  to  Morganza  Bend,  on  the  Mis- 
sissippi River.  From  Morganza  Bend  the  regiment  was  ordered  to 
New  Orleans,  where  it  went  into  camp  at  Fort  Clialmette,  General 
Andrew  Jackson’s  old  battle  ground. 

From  this  point  those  of  the  regiment  who  re-enlisted  left  for 
home,  they  having  been  granted  a thirty-day  furlough. 

After  departure  of  the  veterans  the  regiment  was  ordered  to 
Algiers,  Louisiana,  for  garrison  duty  until  November  5,  1864,  when 
it  embarked  on  an  ocean  steamer  for  New  York,  where  it  arrived 
on  the  20th  of  the  month,  after  a rough  voyage.  It  then  proceeded 
to  Indianapolis,  where,  on  the  29th  of  November,  1864,  so  much  of 
the  regiment  constituting  the  old  part,  was  mustered  out.  At  the 
expiration  of  furloughs  the  re-enlisted  men  reported  at  Indianapolis 
for  duty,  and  were  ordered  to  Lexington,  Kentucky,  where  they  did 
provost  and  guard  duty  until  September  13,  1865,  when  they  were 
ordered  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  and  there  mustered  out  of  service. 
The  regiment  then  proceeded  to  Indianapolis,  where  the  men  turned 
over  government  property,  received  their  final  pay,  and  separated 
forever  as  an  organization. 

During  the  time  of  its  service  the  49th  Indiana  Regiment  trod 
the  soil  of  many  States.  It  served  in  Kentucky,  Tennessee  and 
West  Virginia  with  the  Army  of  the  Ohio  and  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland ; in  Arkansas,  Missisippi  and  Louisiana  with  the  Army 
of  the  Tennessee,  and  in  Louisiana  and  Texas  with  the  Army  of  the 
Gulf.  Long  and  weary  as  were  its  marches,  numerous  as  were  its 
losses,  in  battles  and  through  exposure,  its  officers  and  men  were 
loyal  and  true,  never  faltering  in  the  performance  of  every  duty. 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  one  officer  and  40  enlisted  men. 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  3 officers  and  192  enlisted  men  by 
disease ; total,  236. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

2d  BRIGADE  4th  DIVISION  16th  CORPS 
53d  INFANTRY 


Colonel  Walter  Q.  Gresham 

Engaged:  Siege,  May  25-July  4.  Transferred  to  3d  Brigade  June  22. 


(304) 


FIFTY-THIRD  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  53d  Indiana  was  made  up  from  what  was  originally  in- 
tended for  two  regiments.  In  the  latter  part  of  1861,  Lieut.  Col. 
Walter  Q.  Gresham,  of  the  38tli  Indiana,  was  authorized  to  recruit 
and  organize  the  53d  Indiana  at  Camp  Noble,  New  Albany,  Indi- 
ana. William  Jones,  a merchant  of  Gentryville,  Spencer  County, 
Indiana,  was  authorized  to  organize  and  recruit  the  62d  Indiana  at 
Camp  Reynolds,  near  Rockport.  In  both  organizations,  recruiting 
was  slow,  neither  having  a sufficient  enrollment  to  complete  a regi- 
mental organization.  Late  in  February  consolidation  was  ordered 
and  the  62d  embarked  on  the  steamer  John  T.  McCombs  for  New 
Albany. 

The  organization  was  completed  February  26,  1862,  and  the 
various  companies  were  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United 
States  in  the  latter  part  of  February  and  the  early  part  of  March. 

The  regimental  officers  were  as  follows : 


Walter  Q.  Gresham. . 

William  Jones 

Roger  Martin 

Thomas  McGrain,  Jr 

George  Thomas 

John  W.  Julian 

Solomon  Davis 

John  S.  Hoagland. . . . 


Colonel. 

Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Major. 

Adjutant. 

Quartermaster. 

Chaplain. 

Surgeon. 

Assistant  Surgeon. 


In  the  consolidation,  the  62d  furnished  four  companies : 


Captain. 

Co.  C.  J^hn  F.  Townsend, 
Co.  F.  Alfred  H.  McCoy, 
Co.  G.  John  Sumr.e*, 

C '.  I.  William  S.  Langford, 


1st  Lieutenant. 
John  W.  Lamar. 
Lewis  B.  Shively, 
Joseph  Whitaker, 
Benjamin  Fuller, 


2d  Lieutenant . 
Francis  Boyce. 
Martin  B.  Mason. 
John  Donnelly. 
David  White. 


The  53d  furnished  six  companies: 


Captain. 

Co.  A.  Robert  Curry. 

Co.  B,  Charles  P.  Long 
Co.  D.  Seth  Daily, 

Co.  E.  Rufus  A.  Peck, 

Co.  H.  George  B.  McQueen, 
Co.  K;  Wiley  R.  Reeves, 


1st  Lieutenant. 
Taylor  W.  Thomas, 
John  I.  Rush, 

John  W.  Marshall, 
Ormsby  H.  Huston, 
Nathaniel  Martin, 
Mereda  McDonald, 


2d  Lieutenant. 
George  W.  Hays. 
Richard  H.  Heth. 
Pleasant  T.  Matthis. 
Henry  Pennington. 
Samuel  S.  Sims. 
William  T.  Cloud. 


The  regiment  was  ordered  to  Indianapolis,  where  it  remained, 
guarding  prisoners  until  the  15th  of  March,  when  it  was  ordered  by 
rail  to  St.  Louis.  There  it  embarked  on  a steamer  for  Savannah, 
Tennessee,  by  way  of  Cairo  and  Paducah,  then  up  the  Tennessee 
River,  and  arrived  at  Savannah  March  25th. 


[20] 


(305) 


306 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


General  Grant’s  headquarters  were  at  Savannah,  and  the  53d 
was  assigned  to  duty  at  headquarters,  and  to  provost  duty  in  the 
town.  Here,  during  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  the  regiment  was  within 
hearing  of  the  musketry  and  artillery  all  day  Sunday,  Sunday 
night  and  Monday.  The  gunboats  Lexington  and  Tyler  each  fired 
a shell  into  Beauregard’s  camp  during  the  night  eveiy  fifteen  min- 
utes. 

On  the  15th  of  April  the  regiment  left  Savannah  by  steamer  for 
Shiloh,  and  was  assigned  to  the  3d  Brigade,  4th  Division.  The  ad- 
vance on  Corinth  began  at  once,  a regular  siege  being  instituted, 
and  after  each  advance  heavy  works  were  thrown  up,  until  May 
30th,  when  the  town  was  evacuated.  During  the  siege  Governor 
Morton  visited  the  Indiana  troops,  lie  was  hailed  with  cheers,  not 
only  by  the  Indiana  troops,  but  by  troops  all  along  the  line. 

On  June  2d,  the  regiment  marched  through  and  ten  miles  west 
of  Corinth,  where  it  was  camped  several  days.  The  march  contin- 
ued west  to  Grand  Junction  and  the  regiment  camped  south  of  the 
town.  It  made  a raid  on  Holly  Springs,  returning  and  spent 
Fourth  of  July  at  Grand  Junction. 

Soon  after  it  moved  west  to  Lagrange,  camping  west  of  the 
town,  near  Wclf  River,  at  a place  called  Sand  Hill.  It  made  an- 
other raid  on  Holly  Springs,  but  after  marching  all  night  found 
the  enemy  gone  on  arrival.  It  then  returned  to  camp,  where  it 
remained  but  a short  time.  The  regiment’s  next  march  was  to 
Memphis,  where  it  arrived  late  in  July.  The  first  camp  was  five 
miles  below  the  city.  Here  the  regiment  drew  clothing  and 
changed  its  camp  nearer  the  city,  where  it  spent  the  month  of 
August  in  camp  and  scouting  the  country  in  pursuit  of  guerillas 
and  cotton  burners.  The  first  of  September  it  moved  to  Bolivar, 
Tennessee,  and  remained  in  camp  there  until  October  4th. 

The  regiment  met  the  enemy  retreating  from  Corinth  at  Davis’ 
Bridge  on  the  Llatchie  River,  and  a severe  battle  by  the  entire  4tli 
Division  ensued,  lasting  until  4 o’clock  p.  m.  The  Confederates 
were  driven  back  as  a result  of  the  battle.  The  4th  Division  lost 
500  men,  the  53d  lost  13  killed  and  91  wounded,  2 missing,  total 
106,  which  was  the  severest  loss  of  any  regiment  in  the  division. 

On  the  7th  of  October  the  regiment  returned  to  camp  at  Bolivar. 
On  the  1st  of  November  it  marched  south  through  Lagrange,  Holly 
Springs,  Waterford  and  Oxford,  to  Coffeyville.  Van  Dorn  having 
destroyed  supplies  collected  at  Holly  Springs,  the  army  was  forced 
to  retire.  The  53d  spent  Christmas  at  Waterford  Station,  and* 
remained  there  two  weeks. 


Fifty-Third  Infantry. 


307 


Early  in  January,  1863,  the  regiment  moved  to  Moscow,  then  to 
Collinsville,  where  they  were  guarding  the  railroad  until  March 
15th.  It  then  moved  on  to  Memphis,  on  the  9th  of  May,  and  the 
53d  was  ready  to  embark  with  the  4th  Division  for  Vicksburg.  The 
first  stop  was  at  Milliken’s  Bend,  then  at  Young’s  Point,  remaining 
only  a few  days  at  each  place.  The  next  move  was  across  Young’s 
Point  to  the  river  below  Warrenton,  where  the  regiment  embarked 
for  Grand  Gulf.  On  arrival.  General  Grant’s  army  was  too  far 
inland  to  be  reached  in  a practical  way  over  the  route  to  be  trav- 
eled, so  the  regiment’s  stay  was  short  and  it  re-embarked  for 
Young’s  Point.  Landing  below,  the  regiment  marched  across  the 
point  to  the  river  above  Vicksburg,  and  then  re-embarked  and  went 
up  the  Yazoo  River  to  Haynes’  Bluff. 

The  53d  remained  at  the  Bluff  with  the  4th  Division,  guarding 
the  right  of  the  army,  receiving  and  forwarding  supplies  to  the  line 
of  investment  that  was  closing  in  on  the  doomed  city.  The  base  of 
supplies  having  been  changed  from  Grand  Gulf  to  Haynes’  Bluff, 
it  was  necessary  to  be  amply  protected  until  it  was  safe  to  uncover 
the  landing.  As  yet  the  4th  Division,  to  which  the  53d  belonged, 
had  not  been  assigned  to  any  corps.  Immediately  after  the  assault 
on  the  22d,  it  was  ordered  to  take  a position  on  the  left  wing  of  the 
army  on  the  Halls  Ferry  road,  south  of  a little  creek.  Instruc- 
tions were  to  put  out  strong  advance  posts,  with  pickets,  on  all  the 
approaches  leading  to  the  city  from  the  front  and  between  the 
Mississippi  River,  with  every  precaution  to  prevent  a surprise  from 
front  or  rear,  to  prevent  any  one  from  passing  in  or  out  of  the  city, 
and  resorting  to  every  means  to  h amass  the  enemy. 

Shortly  after  taking  position  on  the  line,  the  53d  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  3d  Brigade,  Col.  George  E.  Bryant.  The  first  evening 
on  the  line  of  investment  the  regiment  was  given  a reception  by  the 
famous  rebel  gun  “Whistling  Dick.”  That  night,  June  24th,  the 
14th  Illinois  occupied  the  picket  line.  In  the  early  part  of  the  night 
the  enemy  made  a charge  on  the  picket  line  and  captured  Colonel 
Gam.  of  the  14th  Illinois,  together  with  five  men,  killed  five  and 
wounded  four  of  his  men.  On  the  following  evening  it  was  the 
turn  of  the  53d  Indiana  to  picket  the  front,  Colonel  Gresham  in 
command.  After  nightfall  the  regiment  moved  cpiietly  to  the 
scene  of  action  of  the  night  before,  and  in  a rapid  charge  regained 
the  ground  of  the  previous  night.  In  the  affair,  Captain  Wake- 
field. of  Company  A,  was  wounded  in  the  left  arm.  The  advantage 
gained  was  held  and  so  strongly  fortified  that  it  was  never  taken. 
On  the  left  the  armies  were  much  further  apart  than  on  the  right. 


308 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


The  53d  was  camped  near  a large  brick  house,  on  a low  ridge  run- 
ning east  from  Hall’s  Ferry  road. 

For  forty  days  the  regiment  remained  on  the  line  of  invest- 
ment, never  for  a moment  doubting  that  the  city  would  be  captured, 
and  while  the  53d  was  not  in  the  active  campaign  and  lines  of 
battle  leading  up  to  the  assaults  on  May  19th  and  22d,  yet  the  regi- 
ment bore  an  honorable  part  and  did  its  whole  duty  in  advancing 
the  lines,  digging  trenches  with  pick  and  shovel  and  defending  them 
with  guns.  On  the  evening  of  July  3d  the  word  was  passed  to 
stop  firing,  and  that  terms  of  surrender  were  being  considered,  and 
all  firing  ceased.  By  early  morning  on  the  4th.  terms  of  surrender 
were  agreed  upon  and  at  10  o’clock  the  bugles  blew  the  call  to  fall 
in  line.  The  Union  guards  were  placed  along  their  works  to  keep 
the  Johnnies  in,  and  Yankees  out,  and  Vicksburg  was  ours. 

No  prouder  achievement  fell  to  an  army  or  individual  than  the 
participation  in  and  capture  of  Vicksburg. 

Scott  Long,  a member  of  Company  G,  53d  Indiana,  piloted  the 
ram  “Queen  of  the  West,”  the  first  vessel  which  ran  past  the  bat- 
teries of  Vicksburg  on  the  night  of  February  2,  1863.  Thomas 
Garvy  and  Josiah  Reeder,  regular  pilots,  were  ordered  by  Colonel 
Ellett.  of  the  ram  fleet,  to  take  the  vessel  past  the  batteries,  but 
refused  to  do  so.  Long,  a former  private  soldier,  took  the  post  of 
danger,  made  a successful  run  past  the  formidable  fortifications 
without  serious  injury  to  vessel  or  crew. 

On  the  day  following  the  surrender,  the  53d  Indiana  marched 
with  Sherman  to  Jackson,  Mississippi,  in  pursuit  of  Joe  Johnston, 
who  had  been  annoying  General  Grant’s  forces  in  the  rear.  The 
march  was  a hot,  dusty  one,  with  scarcity  of  water  a marked  feature 
of  the  expedition.  Some  skirmishing  occurred  as  the  army  neared 
Jackson,  where  Johnston  was  found  to  be  Avell  fortified. 

By  the  15th  Sherman  had  all  his  army  and  lines  well  fortified. 
On  the  night  of  the  16th  Johnston  evacuated  the  city. 

The  53d  returned  again  to  Vicksburg,  where  the  regiment  re- 
mained but  a few  days,  when  it  was  ordered  to  Natchez,  Mississippi. 
The  balance  of  the  summer  and  fall  was  spent  at  this  place.  While 
here  Colonel  Gresham  was  appointed  a brigadier-general,  and  Lieu- 
tenant Jones  was  promoted  to  colonel.  The  53d,  with  other  troops, 
made  an  expedition  sixty  miles  distant,  into  Louisiana,  capturing 
Fort  Beauregard  on  the  Ouehita  River.  But  little  resistance  was 
offered,  casualties  light,  and  several  hundred  stands  of  arms  were 
captured  and  the  fort  destroyed.  The  camp  at  Natchez  was  first  on 
Mr.  North’s  farm,  within  a short  distance  of  the  town,  but  later 


Fifty-Third  Infantry. 


309 


moved  into  the  town,  and  pitched  in  a park  of  juniper  trees  on  the 
river  bank,  on  a very  high  bluff,  and  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
camps  occupied  during  the  war.  From  Natchez  the  regiment  again 
returned  to  Vicksburg  and  went  into  winter  quarters  at  what  was 
known  as  Camp  Hebron,  twelve  miles  east  of  the  city. 

On  February  2,  1861,  the  53d  left  Camp  Hebron  with  the  3d 
Brigade,  Itli  Division.  17tli  Army  Corps,  for  an  expedition  to 
Meridian,  Mississippi,  for  the  purpose  of  destroying  the  railroads 
in  that  vicinity.  On  the  4th  and  5th  the  enemy  was  encountered 
and  severe  skirmishing  occurred  with  small  loss.  Meridian  was 
reached  without  further  incident  of  note.  By  the  15th  railroad 
bridges,  trestles,  depots,  cars  and  public  property  amounting  to 
millions  of  dollars  were  destroyed.  The  53d  lost  6 men,  2 wounded 
and  4 captured,  near  Decatur.  The  return  was  made  without  anv 
event  worthy  of  note.  Camp  Hebron  was  reached  on  March  4th, 
the  regiment  having  marched  375  miles.  While  on  this  expedition, 
and  after  returning  to  camp,  383  members  of  the  regiment  re- 
enlisted and  were  paid  off  at  Camp  Hebron. 

Early  in  March  the  veterans,  or  those  who  re-enlisted,  were  fur- 
loughed and  took  passage  on  the  steamer  “E.  IT.  Fairchilds”  for  the 
regiment’s  original  camp  and  homes  in  Indiana,  near  New  Albany. 
The  23d,  an  original  New  Albany  regiment,  who,  like  the  53cl,  had 
re-enlisted,  were  passengers  on  the  same  steamer,  which  was  a large 
side-wheel  boat,  and  before  the  war  had  been  a Louisville  and  New 
Orleans  packet,  a veritable  floating  palace.  During  the  voyage  the 
boat  took  fire  two  or  three  times,  but  in  each  instance  the  fire  was 
controlled  without  serious  results.  On  our  arrival  at  New  Albany 
we  were  accorded  a hearty  reception  by  the  loyal  citizens,  after 
which  each  individual  departed  for  his  respective  home,  to  spend 
his  thirty  days  with  kindred  and  friends  after  two  years’  absence. 
While  on  board  the  boat,  the  veterans  were  paid  the  veteran  boun- 
ties offered  for  their  re-enlistment. 

The  furlough  and  visit  home  of  the  53cl  was  thoroughly  enjoyed, 
yet  all  were  ready  to  answer  to  the  roll  call  at  the  termination  of 
the  furlough  at  Newr  Albany.  The  regiment  embarked  on  board 
the  steamer  “John  T.  McCombs,”  with  orders  to  report  at  Bird’s 
Point,  Missouri,  and  stayed  a night  and  day  there,  and  then  em- 
barked for  Paducah  to  await  a concentration  of  the  veterans  at  that 
point  to  join  General  Sherman  in  his  campaign  to  Atlanta. 

The  trip  up  the  Tennessee  was  a pleasant  one,  retracing  the  old 
line  of  march  of  two  years  before,  the  destination  this  time  being 
Clifton  instead  of  Savannah.  The  regiment  stayed  at  Clifton,  leav- 


310 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


ing  on  the  6th  of  May  with  600  head  of  cattle,  to  be  joined  the  fol- 
lowing- day  by  1,800  additional,  for  Sherman’s  army.  The  weather 
was  warm  and  the  marches  hurried,  being  made  by  the  way  of  Pu- 
laski, Huntsville,  Decatur  and  Rome,  to  Acworth,  where,  on  the  7th 
of  June,  the  17th  Army  Corps,  to  which  the  53d  belonged,  joined 
Sherman’s  advancing  and  victorious  army. 

On  June  10,  1861,  the  53d  took  its  place  in  the  line  of  battle  at 
Big  Shanty,  103  miles  south  of  Chattanooga,  and  immediately  went 
under  the  fire  of  the  enemy,  which  continued  without  ceasing  for 
ninety  days,  while  it  was  advancing,  intrenching,  repulsing  an 
assault,  or  marching  to  reinforce  the  firing  line,  inspired  by  the 
wild- grand  music  of  war,  the  drum  and  fife,  the  rifle,  the  cannon 
and  the  “rebel  yell.” 

The  position  of  the  regiment  at  Big  Shanty  was  well  to  the  left 
of  the  army.  For  ten  days  it  rained  almost  incessantly.  The  rebel 
signal  corps  was  located  on  top  of  Kenesaw  Mountain,  and  at  this 
point  our  signal  officers  obtained  the  key  to  their  signals  and  could 
read  them  as  fast  as  the  signals  were  shown,  but  through  the  im- 
prudence of  a newspaper  correspondent,  who  gave  the  matter  gen- 
eral publicity,  our  friends,  the  enemy,  soon  learned  of  our  discovery 
and  changed  their  code,  depriving  us  of  much  useful  information. 
AVe  remained  on  this  line  for  seven  days,  on  the  17th  moving  for- 
ward to  a position  in  front  of  Kenesaw  Mountain,  on  the  left  of  the 
railroad,  too  close  under  the  mountain  for  the  enemy  to  depress 
their  cannon  to  reach  us,  and  too  far  away  to  be  reached  by  mus- 
ketry. 

In  Sherman’s  charge  on  Kenesaw  Mountain,  on  June  27tli,  four 
companies  of  the  53d,  who  were  on  picket  duty  that  day,  were  in 
the  charge  A,  B,  D and  I.  From  Kenesaw,  on  the  left,  we  were 
transferred  to  the  extreme  right  of  the  army  on  the  Nicka.jack 
Creek,  near  the  Chattahootchie  River.  The  regiment  remained  at 
this  point  until  the  15th  of  July,  when  it  was  again  shifted  to  the 
extreme  left  to  Roswell,  on  the  Chattahootchie.  It  crossed  the  river 
at  this  point,  moved  to  Decatur,  then  turned  west  toward  Atlanta. 
On  the  20th,  General  Gresham,  commanding  the  4th  Division,  was 
wounded.  The  53d  participated  in  the  battle  of  Leggett’s  Hill  on 
the  21st,  and  also  in  the.  furious  battle  on  the  22d.  Its  position 
was  on  the  extreme  left  of  the  17th  Corps.  At  the  opening  of  the 
battle,  Colonel  Jones,  Captain  Shively,  Company  F ; Captain  Mat- 
thews, Company  D;  Lieutenant  Smith,  Company  A;  Lieutenant 
Gibson,  Company  D ; Lieutenant  Huston,  Company  IT,  were  killed, 
and  Major  Vestal  severely  wounded.  Several  others  of  the  com- 


Fifty-Third  Infantry. 


311 


pany  officers  were  wounded,  so  that  in  several  instances  sergeants 
took  command  of  the  companies. 

With  C'apt.  George  H.  Beers,  Company  E,  in  command  of  the 
regiment,  from  the  extreme  left  it  was  transferred  to  the  right  of 
the  army.  On  the  28th  the  15tli  Corps,  on  the  extreme  right  on 
Lick  Skillet  road,  near  Exra  Church,  fought  a severe  battle  with 
Stuart’s  rebel  corps.  The  53d  was  in  line  immediately  to  the  left 
of  the  15th  Corps,  far  enough  away  not  to  be  engaged,  yet  close 
enough  to  witness  the  battle  in  all  its  fury.  It  was  a sore  defeat  of 
Stuart,  with  heavy  loss  to  the,  assaulting  column.  For  the  next 
thirty  days  it  remained  in  this  vicinity.  Heavy  works  were  thrown 
up,  strong  pickets  kept  out  on  our  front,  but  we  had  no  general  en- 
gagement. There  was  only  picket  and  artillery  firing,  but  this 
was  almost  incessant.  Many  casualties  occurred  from  the  sharp- 
shooting  on  the  picket  line.  The  regiment’s  position  was  so  close 
to  the  enemy  that  it  was  necessary  to  keep  under  protection  of  the 
fortification  during  daylight. 

At  8 p.  m.,  on  August  26th,  the  regiment  was  withdrawn  from 
the  works.  The  night  was  intensely  dark  and  it  marched  all  night 
to  the  right  and  rear  of  the  rebel  army..  The  30th  of  August  found 
it  in  front  of  Jonesboro.  Next  morning  the  regiment  moved  to  the 
right,  crossing  Flint  River  and  driving  in  the  enemy’s  skirmishers, 
who  hotly  contested  the  advance.  During  the  night  the  enemy 
evacuated  the  Union  front,  also  Atlanta.  Moving  in  pursuit  to 
Lovejoy  Station,  where  the  enemy  concentrated,  heavy  works  were 
thrown  up  by  both  armies.  On  the  night  of  September  5th  the 
commands  were  withdrawn  from  the  works.  The  night  was  so 
dark  the  file  leaders  could  not  be  seen.  The  53d  was  detailed  to  go 
in  advance  and  build  fires  with  rails  by  the  wayside,  in  order  that 
the  army  might  be  enabled  to  move.  Daylight  found  the  53d  at 
Flint  River,  from  where  it  moved  by  easy  marches  to  East  Point,  a 
distance  of  fifty  miles. 

The  regiment  stayed  in  camp  at  East  Point  until  October  5th, 
and  then  started  north  in  pursuit  of  General  Hood,  who  had  passed 
the  right  flank  of  his  army  in  his  campaign  to  Nashville.  He  was 
followed  to  Gaylesville,  Alabama,  almost  to  the  Tennessee  River. 

AVhile  returning  to  Atlanta,  near  Marietta,  early  in  November, 
the  regiment  was  paid  off.  While  at  this  point  the  presidential 
election  occurred,  and  the  vote  of  such  troops  as  were  entitled  to 
vote  was  cast.  The  returns  were  gathered  and  sent  north. 
Troops  not  being  entitled  to  vote  in  the  field  could  only  stand  by 
and  watch  their  more  favored  comrades  vote. 


312 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


While  at  this  camp,  Capt.  Henry  Duncan,  of  Company  F,  who 
had  been  recommended  for  promotion  to  major,  relieved  Captain 
Beers,  of  Company  E,  who  had  been  in  command  of  the  regiment 
since  the  death  of  Colonel  Jones,  on  July  22d. 

On  November  13th  the  53d  broke  camp  near  Marietta  and 
marched  to  Atlanta,  and  on  November  15th  left  Atlanta  on  the  fa- 
mous March  to  the  Sea.  By  the  21st  it  had  reached  Gordon,  one 
of  the  objective  points  in  the  campaign,  and  on  the  23d  reached  the 
Oconee  River,  where  the  enemy  was  found  disputing  the  passage. 
By  the  25th  they  were  dislodged  and  the  river  crossed.  The  regi- 
ment arrived  at  Qgeeche  River  December  1st,  which  was  crossed  on 
pontoons.  On  the  10th  the  53cl  was  in  advance  of  the  17th  Corps. 
It  encountered  the  enemy’s  pickets  and  drove  them  inside  their 
works  near  the  city  of  Savannah.  From  here  the  regiment  was 
transferred  to  King’s  Bridge,  on  the  Ogeeche  River,  and  was  de- 
tailed to  guard,  load  and  unload  supplies  for  the  army.  On  the 
20th  the  city  was  evacuated  and  on  the  24th,  with  the  balance  of 
the  army,  the  53d  marched  into  the  city,  camped  near  Fort  Bona- 
venture,  where  General  Sherman  reviewed  the  army.  On  January 
6th  the  regiment  embarked  on  transports  at  Fort  Thunderbolt  for 
Bufort,  South  Carolina. 

The  regiment  remained  at  Bufort  until  the  13th,  when  it  moved 
with  the  army  for  Poeotaligo,  on  the  Savannah  and  Charleston 
Railway.  It  remained  at  Poeotaligo  until  the  29tli.  when  it  started 
on  a march  through  the  Carolines.  On  the  3d  of  February  it  was 
at  the  Salkahatchie  River,  on  the  12th  at  North  Edisto,  near 
Orangeburg.  At  both  places  the  enemy  was  encountered,  and  the 
53d  bore  an  honorable  part  in  dislodging  them.  It  reached  Colum- 
bia on  the  17th,  and  remained  near  that  city  two  or  three  days,  de- 
stroying the  railroads.  On  March  3d  it  was  at  Cheraw,  on  the  Big 
Pedee  River.  An  immense  amount  of  military  stores  from  Charles- 
ton were  captured  here.  On  the  12th  it  reached  Fayetteville,  N.  C., 
on  the  Cape  Fear  River.  A steamer  from  the  fleet  came  up,  bring- 
ing the  first  mail  for  forty-four  days.  The  regiment  then  moved  on 
towards  Goldsboro  the  day  following.  On  the  19th  il  encountered 
Joe  Johnston  at  Bentonville,  where  it  exchanged  the  last  hostile 
shots  with  the  enemy.  It  arrived  at  Goldsborough  on  the  24th. 

The  53d  stayed  at  Goldsborough  until  April  lOtli,  when  it 
marched  for  Raleigh,  where  it  arrived  on  the  14th.  Upon  arrival 
news  was  received  of  the  surrender  of  Lee,  soon  followed  by  the 
news  of  the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln.  The  surrender  of 
Johnston  followed.  On  the  24th  Generals  Grant  and  Sherman  re- 


Fifty-Third  Infantry. 


313 


viewed  the  army.  On  April  29th  left  Raleigh  by  way  of  Peters- 
burg, Manchester,  Richmond  and  Fredericksburg,  arriving  at  Alex- 
andria on  the  19th  of  May,  where  the  regiment  remained  until  the 
24th.  when  the  armies  passed  in  grand  review  before  the  President 
and  Generals  Grant  and  Sherman. 

June  5th  it  left  Washington  by  the  B.  & 0.  Railroad,  to  Park- 
ersburg, then  by  steamer  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  where,  on  July 
21st,  the  regiment  was  mustered  out  of  the  United  States  service, 
after  a little  more  than  three  and  a half  years’  service,  and  sent  on 
to  Indianapolis.  On  the  7tli  of  August  the  men  received  their 
final  pay  and  returned  to  their  homes,  again  to  take  their  places  as 
private  citizens  of  Indiana. 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  9 officers  and  98  enlisted  men, 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  4 officers  and  248  enlisted  men 
by  disease;  total.  359. 


Monument  of  54th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

2d  BRIGADE  9th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
54th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Fielding  Mansfield 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Guard  at  Raymond,  May  16,  and  for  Prisoners,  May  17-June  4; 
Siege,  June  4-June  22.  Duty  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  June  22-July  4. 


(314) 


FIFTY-FOURTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  51th  Regiment  of  Indiana  Infantry  Volunteers  was  first 
organized  under  special  orders  to  serve  three  months,  and  for  this 
term  was  mustered  in  at  Indianapolis  June  10,  1862,  with  field  and 
staff  officers  as  follows : 

D.  Garland  Rose Colonel. 

L.  Gilbert  Knox Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Fielding  Mansfield Major. 

William  F.  Spurgeon Adjutant. 

William  C.  Lupton Quartermaster. 

William  H.  Cyrus Assistant  Surgeon. 

The  companies  composing  the  regiment  in  three  months’  serv- 
ice were  enlisted  from  the  following  counties : 

Company  A from  Monroe  County. 

Company  B from  Vigo  County. 

Company  C from  Switzerland  County. 

Company  D from  Jefferson  County. 

Company  E from  Switzerland  County. 

Company  F from  Vigo  County. 

Company  G from  Jackson  County. 

Company  II  from  Hendricks  County. 

Company  I from  Wayne  County. 

Company  K from  Decatur  County. 

The  regiment,  during  its  three  months’  enlistment,  remained  at 
Indianapolis,  on  duty  at  Camp  Morton  until  in  August,  when  it 
was  ordered  to  Kentucky,  with  other  troops,  to  resist  invasion  of 
that  State  by  General  Kirby  Smith,  and  remained  on  duty  in  cen- 
tral Kentucky  until  expiration  of  its  term  of  service,  when  it  was 
returned  to  Indianapolis  and  mustered  out. 

The  54th  Regiment  was  then  organized  and  mustered  into  serv- 
ice as  a twelve  months’  regiment,  under  special  orders,  on  November 
16,  1862,  with  the  following  regimental  officers : 

Fielding  Mansfield Colonel. 

Herman  Sturm Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Daniel  Shrader Major. 

Marshall  P.  Hayden Adjutant. 

Thomas  F.  Purnell Quartermaster. 

Ephraim  A.  Banks Surgeon. 

Henry  C.  Davidson Assistant  Surgeon. 

Adjutant  Marshall  P.  Hayden  died  in  the  rebel  prison  at  Vicks- 
burg, January  30,  1863,  from  wounds  received  in  engagement  at 
Chickasaw  Bayou  in  December  previous,  and  the  remainder  of  the 


(315) 


316 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


field  and  staff  officers  who  did  not  resign  during  term  of  service 
were  mustered  out  with  the  regiment. 

The  company  officers  were : 


Captain. 

Co.  A.  John  W.  Thomas, 
Co.  B.  Oliver  M.  Wilson, 
Co.  C.  Albert  Eggleston, 
Co.  D.  Lewis  C.  Beckford, 
Co.  E.  John  V.  Bowman, 
Co.  F.  William  H.  Neff, 
Co.  G.  Andrew  J.  Lyon, 
Co.  H.  John  Ferree, 

Co.  I.  Henry  Carter, 

Co.  K.  Samuel  J.  Wilson, 


1st  Lieutenant. 
Absolom  Thomas, 
William  M.  Conner, 
Eli  R.  Shook, 

John  A.  Howard, 
Paris  Julian, 

David  D.  Jones, 
William  Hall, 

John  W.  Mauzy, 
Samuel  P.  Strahan, 
Samuel  R.  Fielder, 


2d  Lieutenant. 
James  Lockridge. 
Josiah  Ralston. 
Isaac  B.  McGogy. 
Joseph  Lugar. 

Rufus  C.  Carpenter. 
Benjamin  F.  Davis. 
William  W.  Messina. 
William  M.  Brooks. 
William  P.  Beeber. 
Thomas  D.  Lawe. 


Captains  Thomas  and  Carter  resigned,  Capt.  O.  M.  Wilson  pro- 
moted major,  and  balance  of  company  captains  were  mustered  out 
with  the  regiment. 

Lieutenant  Ralston,  of  Company  B,  died  of  wounds  received  in 
battle  at  Chickasaw  Bayou,  and,  with  one  or  two  exceptions,  the 
balance  of  the  line  officers  remained  Avith  and  Avere  mustered  out 
AATith  the  regiment  at  the  end  of  service. 

On  the  9th  of  December,  1862,  the  regiment  left  Camp  Mor- 
ton, Indianapolis  for  Memphis,  and  on  arrival  there  was  assigned 
to  Col.  John  DeCoureey’s  Brigade,  of  Gen.  G.  W.  Morgan’s  Di- 
vision of  the  13th  Army  Corps,  and  on  the  20th  of  December  em- 
barked on  boats  Avith  General  Sherman’s  expedition  to  Vicksburg, 
and  on  the  26th  of  December,  AA'ith  brigade  to  which  the  regiment 
Avas  attached,  it  moved  up  the  Yazoo  River  to  rec-onnoiter  the  enemy 
under  cover  of  the  gunboats,  but  Avas  forced  to  retire  until  rein- 
forced by  other  troops. 

On  the  three  following  days  the  regiment  Avas  exposed  on  its 
front,  in  line  of  battle,  and  participated  in  tAVO  separate  charges  on 
rebel  works,  on  Chickasaw  Bluffs,  near  Vicksburg,  and  lost  in  all 
264  men  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing  in  these  engagements. 

Withdrawing  from  Yazoo  River,  it  was  next  engaged  with  the 
expedition  and  capture  of  Arkansas  Post  on  the  Arkansas  River, 
January  10  and  11,  1863,  and  on  return  down  the  river  Avas  en- 
camped at  Young’s  Point  and  Mil li ken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  on  the 
Mississippi  River,  opposite  Vicksburg,  until  in  April,  when  the 
regiment 'was  assigned  to  the  division  of  General  Osterhaus,  leading 
in  the  advance  in  opening  the  Avay  for  Grant’s  army  in  the  Vicks- 
burg campaign. 

During  this  campaign  the  regiment  participated  in  the  battle 
of  Port  Gibson,  and  Avas  on  duty  guarding  prisoners  at  Raymond 


Fifty-Fourth  Infantry. 


317 


until  it  was  sent  by  transport,  with  three  other  regiments,  as  an 
escort  of  prisoners  of  war  to  Memphis,  Tennessee. 

Returning,  it  was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  trenches,  and  partici- 
pated in  the  siege  on  the  enemy’s  works  around  Vicksburg.  Dur- 
ing the  siege  the  regiment,  with  its  brigade,  was  moved  to  Big- 
Black  River  to  assist  in  preventing  Johnston’s  Confederate  army 
from  attempting  to  raise  the  siege,  in  aid  of  Pemberton’s  army, 
which  was  cooped  up  within  the  lines  of  Vicksburg  by  the  Union 
army. 

After  the  surrender,  this  regiment  moved  with  the  advance  on 
Jackson,  driving  Johnston’s  army  into  the  defenses  of  the  city, 
which,  after  some  days  of  sharp  fighting,  he  was  forced  to  evacuate 
and  retreated  in  the  night,  across  and  beyond  Pearl  river,  leaving 
the  Union  troops  in  possession  of  the  works  and  city.  After  de- 
stroying all  munitions  of  war,  Confederate  army  stores,  etc.,  the 
Union  army  again  retired  to  Vicksburg,  and  soon  after  the  54tli 
was  transferred  with  a number  of  other  regiments  to  the  Gulf  De- 
partment, and  joined  troops  in  the  vicinity  of  New  Orleans,  which 
were  organizing  for  a campaign  in  western  Louisiana. 

On  September  6th  the  regiment  moved  with  this  expedition  up 
the  Tec-lie  country,  going  as  far  as  Opelousas  and  Vermilion ville, 
but  returned  to  New  Orleans  November  1st,  and  the  term  of  enlist- 
ment of  its  twelve  months’  service  being  terminated  the  regiment 
was  mustered  out  at  New  Orleans  the  8th  day  of  December,  1863. 
and  returned  home  to  Indianapolis. 

The  regiment  lost  during  its  fifteen  months  of  service  2 officers 
and  44  enlisted  men,  killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  2 officers 
and  224  enlisted  men  by  disease;  total,  272. 


Monument  of  59th  Infantry. 


INDIANA 


INDIANA' 


'•  »>;»  cpo ps  ' 
48*1'  INffcNTftt 


5««  INFANTRY 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  7th  DIVISION  17th  CORPS 
50th  INFANTRY 

Lieut.  Col.  Jefferson  K.  Scott 
Colonel  Jesse  I.  Alexander 

Engaged:  Near  Bayou  Pierre,  May  3;  Raymond,  May  12;  Jackson,  May  14;  Champion's  Hill, 
May  16;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4.  Casualties:  Killed  13,  wounded  113,  missing  1, 
total  127;  Lieut.  Marcus  B.  C.  Tripp  killed. 


(318) 


FIFTY-NINTH  REGIME®  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  59tli  Indiana  Regiment  was  recruited  during  the  fall  of 
1861  by  the  assembling  of  companies  at  Camp  Morton,  Indianapolis, 
but  did  not  complete  organization  sufficiently  for  muster  until  Feb- 
ruary 11,  1862,  at  which  time  it  was  duly  sworn  into  the  United 
States  service. 

On  the  13th  of  February  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  New 
Albany,  where,  after  being  armed  and  equipped,  it  left  by  trans- 
port for  Cairo,  arriving  there  on  the  20th,  and  on  the  following  day 
was  ordered  to  Commerce,  Missouri.  On  arrival  there,  February 
22d,  it  was  the  first  regiment  to  report  to  General  Pope  for  duty 
with  the  Army  of  the  Mississippi. 

On  February  25th  it  moved  to  Benton,  Missouri,  where  it  was 
brigaded  with  the  34th,  43d,  46th  and  47th  Indiana  Regiments,  Col. 
James  R.  Slack,  of  the  47th.  commanding  brigade.  It  was  after- 
wards transferred  to  Colonel  Worthington’s  brigade. 

The  field  and  staff  officers  of  the  59th  when  mustered  were  as 
follows : 

Jesse  I.  Alexander Colonel. 

Jefferson  K.  Scott Tneutenant-Colonel. 

Elijah  Sabin Major. 

James  W.  Archer Adjutant. 

James  M.  Alexander Quartermaster. 

Perry  M.  Blankenship Chaplain. 

Dudley  Rogers Surgeon. 

John  M.  Stuckey Assistant  Surgeon. 

Through  promotions  or  resignations  all  these  original  officers 
commissioned  as  the  field  and  staff  of  the  regiment  were  succeeded 
by  other  officers  of  lower  rank  during  the  term  of  service,  but  from 
first  to  last  the  59th  had  splendid  officers. 

Company  officers  that  uTere  attached  to  the  regiment  on  muster- 
in  were : 


Captain. 

Co.  A.  Thos.  A.  McNaught, 
Co.  B.  Andrew  Wilson, 

Co.  C.  Will  Van  Fossen, 

Co.  D.  Russell  A.  Belden, 
Co.  E.  Aden  G.  Cavins, 

Co.  F.  Wilford  H.  Welman, 
Co.  G.  John  W.  Branch, 

Co.  H.  John  E.  Simpson, 

Co.  I.  Thos.  T.  Graves, 

Co.  K.  Edward  J.  McBride, 


1st  Lieutenant. 
James  E.  Hyden, 
Philip  McDade, 

John  S.  Akin, 
Andrew  J.  Mason, 
Benj.  L.  Brookshare, 
Thomas  Riley, 
George  W.  Brown, 
Edward  A.  Kellogg, 
Alexander  Jones, 
Craven  S.  Hudson, 


2d  Lieutenant. 

William  A.  Bartholomew. 
William  A.  Rogers. 
Edward  Maxwell. 


Merrett  C.  Taylor. 
James  N.  Murphy. 
Ephraim  J.  Hollis. 
James  H.  Hughes. 
John  Phillips. 
Howard  Webber. 


Captain  McNaught,  promoted  to  major,  lieutenant-colonel  and 
colonel;  Captains  Simpson  and  McBride,  promoted  to  major;  Cap- 


(319) 


320 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


tain  Cavins,  promoted  to  major  of  the  97th  Indiana  Regiment ; 
Captain  AVelman,  mustered  out  at  expiration  of  term  of  service; 
and  remaining  captains  resigned  and  line  officers  next  in  rank  suc- 
ceeded them. 

On  March  1,  1862,  the  regiment  engaged  with  other  troops  in 
siege  of  New  Madrid,  and,  on  evacuation,  was  one  of  the  first  regi- 
ments to  enter  the  town  and  take  possession  of  Fort  Thompson. 

Crossing  the  Mississippi  River  on  April  7th,  it  assisted  in  cap- 
ture of  5,000  prisoners  at  Tiptonville. 

Returned  to  New  Madrid,  and  on  the  12th  of  April  embarked  on 
boats  and  participated  in  expedition  to  Fort  Pillow,  returning  on 
the  17th ; then  by  boat  went  again  to  Cairo ; thence  to  Hamburg, 
Tennessee,  where,  on  disembarking  and  going  into  camp,  it  was 
joined  in  brigade  with  the  48th  Indiana,  and  from  that  time  until 
final  muster-out  of  both  organizations,  these  two  regiments  re- 
mained together. 

From  April  24th  to  May  29th  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  a 
number  of  skirmishes  with  the  enemy,  and  during  the  march  to  and 
siege  of  Corinth,  Tennessee,  and,  after  its  evacuation,  was  with  the 
column  which  pursued  the  enemy  to  Boonville,  returning  to  the 
vicinity  of  Corinth  by  June  12.  June  13th  moved  camp  to  Clear 
Creek,  where  the  regiment  remained  until  in  August,  after  which, 
until  October  1st,  it  camped  and  occupied  various  places  for  offen- 
sive and  defensive  purposes. 

On  October  1st  the  59th  went  to  Corinth  and  was  there  engaged, 
October  3d  and  4th,  in  the  battle  of  Corinth.  After  defeating  the 
Confederates  it  joined  in  pursuit  of  Price  to  the  Hatchie,  and  on 
October  10th  had  returned  to  Corinth. 

During  the  month  of  November,  1862,  the  regiment  marched  in 
various  expeditions  against  the  enemy,  with  General  Quinby’s 
Division.  December  26th  it  started  to  Memphis,  arriving  at 
that  city  on  January  3.  1863,  where  the  regiment  went  into  camp 
and  remained  there,  doing  guard  duty  until  March  1st,  when  it 
embarked  on  boat  and  proceeded  down  the  Mississippi  River  to 
Helena  and  AVbolfort’s  Landing,  in  Arkansas,  and  after  partici- 
pating in  the  Yazoo  River  expedition,  arrived  at  the  general  ren- 
dezvous of  Grant’s  army  at  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana,  on  April  15, 
1863. 

On  April  24th,  with  the  army,  marched  down  the  west  side  of 
the  Mississippi  River,  to  Grand  Gulf,  and  crossing  over  the  river,  on 
May  1st,  at  Bayou  Pierre,  started  at  once  for  battle-ground  of  Port 
Gibson,  reaching  there  in  the  evening  after  the  battle  closed. 


Fifty-Ninth  Infantry.. 


321 


Marching  forward  with  Grant’s  army  in  1st  Brigade,  7th  Di- 
vision, in  17th  Army  Corps,  the  59th  was  engaged  in  battles  of 
Forty  Hills,  Raymond  and  Champion’s  Hill.  In  the  first  attack 
and  capture  of  Jackson,  Mississippi,  the  regiment’s  skirmishers, 
under  Capt.  John  E.  Simpson,  were  first  to  enter  the  city  and  place 
the  regimental  flag  on  the  dome  of  the  state  house. 

After  the  capture  of  Jackson,  the  Division  commenced  march 
from  there  to  Vicksburg,  and  formed  the  rear  guard  of  the  17th 
Corps,  part  of  its  duty  being  the  destruction  of  bridges  behind  it 
over  Big  Black  River  and  other  streams. 

On  arriving  at  Vicksburg  the  regiment  took  its  place  in  line  of 
battle  in  front  of  the  Confederate  fortifications,  and  being  engaged 
in  the  assault  on  the  enemy’s  works,  May  22d,  lost  heavily,  and 
among  the  killed  was  Lieutenant  Tripp,  and  Lieutenants  Riley  and 
Maxwell  were  wounded. 

During  the  siege  of  Vicksburg  the  59th  formed  part  of  General 
Blair’s  command,  and  with  it  went  with  an  expedition  up  the 
Vazoo  River  and,  returning  June  4th,  took  up  its  old  position  in 
the  trenches,  where  it  remained  on  duty  until  the  surrender  of 
Pemberton’s  Confederate  army,  July  4.  1863. 

On  July  4th  it  marched  into  Vicksburg,  and  General  McPherson 
issued  a congratulatory  order  in  highest  terms  of  praise  to  the  17th 
Army  Corps. 

The  regiment  remained  at  Vicksburg  until  the  13th  of  Septem- 
ber, when  it  embarked  on  transports  and  proceeded  up  the  Missis- 
sippi River  to  Helena,  and  on  October  17th,  with  the  remainder  of 
the  division,  arrived  at  Memphis. 

On  the  19th  cf  October  the  regiment  commenced  its  weary  march 
to  Chattanooga,  arriving  there  in  time  to  participate  in  the  battle  of 
Mission  Ridge. 

On  the  17th  of  December  it  marched  to  Bridgeport,  Alabama, 
where,  on  going  into  camp,  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  the  3d 
Division  of  the  15tli  Army  Corps,  and  started  for  Huntsville  on  the 
23d  of  December,  reaching  there  and  going  into  camp  on  the  26th. 
While  there  the  regiment  re-enlisted  as  a veteran  organization  on 
January  1.  1864,  and  remained  in  camp  at  Huntsville  until  March 
3d,  when  it  left  for  home,  reaching  Indianapolis  on  the  8th,  and  on 
the  10th  had  a public  reception  in  the  state  house  grounds,  and  was 
addressed  by  Governor  Morton  and  others,  after  which  the  regiment 
was  furloughed  home  for  thirty  days. 

On  reassembling  it  was  ordered  south  again,  passing  through 
New  Albany,  Louisville  and  Nashville,  and  reached  former  camps 


322 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


at  Huntsville.  Alabama,  on  April  3d,  remaining  there  until 
June  22d. 

Starting  for  Kingston,  Georgia,  and  reaching  there  July  1st,  it 
joined  Sherman’s  army,  then  on  the  march  to  Atlanta. 

The  balance  of  July  and  August  it  was  guarding  bridges  on  the 
Etowah  River  and  other  streams  in  the  rear  of  Sherman’s  army, 
until  late  in  August,  when  it  was  ordered  to  report  to  General 
Steadman,  at  Chattanooga. 

On  arriving  there,  it  was  ordered  in  pursuit  of  Wheeler’s  Cav- 
alry, but,  after  four  days,  returned  to  Chattanooga,  and  from  there 
was  ordered  to  report  to  General  Milroy,  at  Tullahoma,  where  it 
remained  on  duty  until  September  21st.  From  there  it  escorted  a 
wagon  train  to  Cartersville,  Georgia,  arriving  there  on  the  28th  of 
Setpember,  after  which  the  regiment  took  up  its  old  position  guard- 
ing bridges  on  Etowah  River. 

On  the  12th  cf  November  it  moved  towards  Atlanta,  and  on  the 
15th,  with  Sherman’s  army,  began  the  grand  March  to  the  Sea,  fol- 
lowing the  fortunes  of  this  army  through  Georgia  to  Savannah. 

From  Savannah  the  regiment  marched  through  the  Carolinas  to 
Raleigh,  and  from  thence  to  Washington,  where  it  participated  in 
the  grand  review. 

From  Washington  it  was  transferred  to  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
where  on  July  17.  1865,  the  regiment  was  mustered  out  of  service. 

On  arriving  at  Indianapolis,  on  July  18th,  it  was  again  ad- 
dressed by  Governor  Morton  and  other  prominent  men,  and  in  a 
few  days  was  finally  discharged,  disbanded,  and  the  men  forwarded 
to  their  homes. 

Besides  men  who  were  originally  mustered  into  service  on  organ- 
ization of  the  regiment,  it  received  in  recruits,  drafted  men,  etc., 
7-7,  and  lost  in  killed  and  mortally  wounded,  1 officer  and  36  en- 
listed men.  and  229  enlisted  men  by  disease;  total.  266. 

It  traveled  by  rail  3,736  miles,  by  water  4,618  miles,  and  by  land 
5,305  miles,  making  in  all  13.679  miles,  during  its  term  of  service. 


Monume®  of  60th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  10th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
60th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Richard  Owen 

Engaged  at  Perkins'  Landing,  Louisiana,  from  April  28  to  about  May  28.  Siege,  June  1-June  22. 
Duty  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  June  23-July  4,  1863. 


(324) 


SIXTIETH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  60th  Regiment  was  raised  under  orders  authorizing  Lieut. 
Col.  Richard  Owen,  of  the  15tli  Regiment,  to  recruit  a regiment  and 
rendezvous  it  at  Evansville.  A partial  organization  was  made  at 
that  place  in  November,  1861,  and  during  the  progress  of  enlisting 
the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Camp  Morton,  Indianapolis,  on  the  22d 
of  February,  1862,  to  guard  rebel  prisoners,  and,  while  on  duty 
there,  the  organization  was  completed,  the  last  companies  being 
mustered  in  during  the  month  of  March,  with — 

Richard  Owen Colonel. 

William  J . Templeton Lieutenant-Colonel . 

Joseph  B.  Cos Major. 

Eugene  F.  Owen Adjutant. 

John  J.  Palmer Quartermaster. 

William  H.  Carter Chaplain. 

Madison  J.  Bray Surgeon. 

Jonathan  R.  Tilman Assistant  Surgeon. 


The  line  officers 

Captain. 

Co.  A.  Theodore  Pleisch, 
Co.  B.  Wolfgang  Hyne, 

Co.  C.  Jesse  Nash, 

Co.  D.  John  Burns, 

Co.  E.  Henry  F.  Tilton, 

Co.  F.  Joseph  B.  Cox, 

Co.  G.  Augustus  Goelzer, 
Co.  H.  Samuel  T.  Walker, 
Co.  I.  George  S.  Walters, 
Co.  K.  William  B.  Givens, 


were  as  follows : 

1st  Lieutenant. 
Nicholas  Steinhauer, 
Alfred  Dale  Owen, 
Richard  A.  Wilsey, 
Samuel  L.  Young, 
Walter  E.  Thrall, 
George  W.  Merrill, 
Ferdinand  G.  Borges, 
William  Camron, 
Oliver  H.  P.  Ewing, 
Michael  B.  Craner, 


2d  Lieutenant. 
Ernest  Kipp. 

William  M.  Holton. 
John  O’Neal. 

John  A.  Savage. 
Philip  L.  Cox. 
Horace  P.  Owen. 
Frederick  Merz. 
Hermus  P.  Downing. 
John  M.  Denny. 
Charles  M.  Murray. 


On  the  20th  day  of  June  the  regiment  moved  by  rail  to  Louis- 
ville, Kentucky,  and  from  there  it  marched  to  Lebanon,  where  it 
remained  for  some  weeks,  when  it  moved  to  Munfordsville,  where, 
on  the  14th  of  September,  the  advance  of  Bragg’s  army  surrounded 
the  place  and  its  works,  which,  after  a gallant  defense  of  three  days 
under  Colonels  Wilder  and  Dunham,  were  compelled  to  surrender 
to  Bragg’s  whole  army.  The  enemy  attacked  on  the  14th  and  were 
repelled  with  heavy  loss,  and  surrender  was  i-efused  until  Colonel 
Wilder  was  permitted  to  personally  inspect  the  enemy’s  position 
and  satisfy  himself  that  Bragg’s  whole  army  was  besieging  him. 

The  garrison  consisted  of  the  67th.  68th  and  89th  Indiana,  and 
seven  companies  of  the  60th.  The  other  three  companies  were,  at 
the  time  of  the  capture,  guarding  a railroad  bridge  over  Rolling- 
Fork,  near  Lebanon  Junction,  under  command  of  Major  Cox,  and 
thus  escaped  capture. 


(325) 


326 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


The  captured  companies  were  paroled,  and  proceeded  to  In- 
dianapolis, where  they  went  into  parole  camp,  and  were  there  joined 
by  the  three  companies  that  escaped  capture. 

Upon  being  exchanged  in  November,  the  regiment  moved  by  rail 
to  Cairo,  and  then  by  river  boats  to  Memphis,  Tennessee,  where  it 
became  a part  of  the  Army  of  the  Mississippi,  and  participated  in 
the  movements  of  the  army  during  the  winter  of  1862.  After  the 
repulse  of  Sherman’s  army  at  Chickasaw  Bayou.  January  1,  1863, 
it  moved  with  the  troops  by  steamer  to  Arkansas  Post,  where,  on  the 
11th  of  January,  it  took  part  in  the  assault  and  capture  of  that 
strong  position,  losing  a number  of  men  killed  and  wounded. 

In  the  campaign  against  Vicksburg,  the  60th  was  assigned  to  the 
1st  Brigade  (General  Burbridge),  10th  Division,  13th  Army  Corps, 
and  moved  with  the  command  from  Milliken’s  Bend,  on  the  14th  of 
April,  making  a rapid  and  fatiguing  march  through  swamps,  bayous 
and  streams,  under  scorching  suns,  drenching  rains,  arriving  at 
Smith’s  plantation,  where,  with  its  brigade,  it  moved  by  boats  to 
Perkins’  plantation,  from  which  place  it  marched  to  Hard  Times, 
crossing  to  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi  River,  at  Bruinsburg,  on 
the  30th,  and,  marching  towards  Port  Gibson,  was  among  the  first 
to  enter  that  city  after  the  defeat  of  the  enemy  under  General 
Bowen. 

At  Champion’s  Ilill.  on  the  16th  of  May,  it  was  in  the  advance, 
and  at  Black  River,  on  the  17th,  it  behaved  with  gallantry.  In  the 
siege  of  Vicksburg,  it  took  an  active  part,  remaining  in  the  trenches 
until  the  surrender  on  the  4th  of  July. 

After  the  capitulation,  the  60th  marched  with  its  brigade  to 
Jackson,  losing  several  killed  and  wounded.  Returning  to  Vicks- 
burg, it  remained  there  until  August,  when  it  was  transported  to 
New  Orleans,  where  it  was  assigned  to  Banks’  army.  From  New 
Orleans  it  moved  to  Berwick  City,  and  from  thence  moved  up  the 
Teche,  engaging  in  the  battles  of  Grand  Coteau  Plains  and  Carrion 
Crow  Bayou  on  the  3d  of  November,  losing  a number  of  killed  and 
wounded. 

Returning  to  the  vicinity  of  New  Iberia,  it  remained  there  a 
short  time,  and  proceeded  to  Algiers,  near  New  Orleans,  where  it 
embarked  on  steamers  for  Texas.  Landing  in  that  State,  it  was 
stationed  at  Pass  Cavallo  for  a short  time,  when  it  was  ordered  to 
return  to  New  Orleans,  where  it  was  made  a part  of  General  Banks’ 
unfortunate  expedition  up  Red  River.  This  expedition  was  organ- 
ized early  in  March,  1864,  and  proceeded  with  but  little  opposition 
to  Alexandria,  Louisiana,  reaching  there  on  the  19th.  The  rebels 


Sixtieth  Infantry. 


327 


were  concentrated  at  Shreveport.  On  the  28th  General  Mower’s 
Division  defeated  the  rebel  General  Dick  Taylor,  at  Cane  River. 

After  passing  Grand  Eeore,  the  cavalry,  supported  by  the  4th 
Division  of  the  13tli  Corps,  encountered  the  enemy  in  force  at 
Sabine  Cross  Roads  on  the  8th  of  April.  The  rebels  charged  our 
forces,  who  were  routed  and  fell  back  in  great  disorder.  In  this 
battle  the  60th  lost  heavily  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  the 
latter  being  mostly  prisoners.  The  3d  Division  came  up  and  were 
also  driven  from  the  field  in  disorder.  The  16th  Corps,  commanded 
by  Gen.  A.  -J.  Smith,  came  up  just  after  the  battle  and  held  the 
rebels  in  check,  and  the  following  day  fought  and  defeated  the 
enemy  at  Pleasant  Hill.  After  this  campaign  the  army  made  a 
long,  tedious  march  back  to  the  Mississippi  River,  and  went  into 
camp  at  Morganza  Bend. 

Soon  after  the  60th  went  to  Indiana  on  veteran  furlough,  the 
regiment  having  re-enlisted.  Its  re-muster  Avas  not,  however,  ap- 
proved by  the  War  Department,  the  regiment  not  having,  in  its 
opinion,  served  a sufficient  length  of  time  to  entitle  it  to  be  re- 
mustered as  a veteran  organization. 

Returning  to  the  field,  it  Avas  stationed  at  Thibodeaux,  Louis- 
iana, where  it  remained  until  the  fall  of  1864.  After  this  duty  the 
regiment  Avas  stationed  at  Algiers,  near  Mew  Orleans,  remaining 
there  until  February  24.  1865,  AAdien  the  recruits  were  transferred 
to  the  26th  Indiana  and  the  balance  of  the  regiment  proceeded  to 
Indianapolis,  where  it  Avas  mustered  out  on  the  21st  of  March,  1865. 

The  60th  Regiment  lost,  during  the  term  of  service,  2 officers 
and  43  enlisted  men  killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  3 officers 
and  165  enlisted  men  by  disease.  Total,  213. 


Monument  of  07th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  10th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
67th  INFANTRY 

Lieut.  Col.  Theodore  E.  Buehler 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17; 
Assault,  May  19;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4.  Casualties;  Killed  6,  wounded  35,  total  41 . 


(328) 


SIXTY-SEVENTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


This  regiment  was  organized  in  the  3d  Congressional  District  of 
Indiana,  and  was  composed  of  companies  is  follows : One  company 
from  Owen  and  Monroe,  one  from  Bartholomew,  one  from  Jennings, 
one  from  Jefferson,  two  from  Lawrence  and  four  from  Jackson 
County. 

Assembled  at  Madison  about  middle  of  August,  1862,  and  was 
sworn  into  the  United  States  service  August  19th  and  20th. 

The  regiment  was  commanded  both  by  field  and  line  officers  from 
the  above  named  counties,  with  regimental  officers  as  follows : 

Frank  Emerson Colonel.jp 

Theodore  E.  Buehle- Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Augustus  H.  Abbett Major. 

George  W.  Richardson Adjutant. 

Joseph  B.  Newcomb Quartermaster. 

Stephen  Bowers Chaplain. 

James  YV.  F.  Gerish Surgeon. 


The  company  officers  who  mustered  in  were : 


Captain. 

Co.  A.  Francis  A.  Sears. 
Co.  B.  Samuel  Denny, 

Co.  C.  Simeon  H.  Crane, 
Co.  D.  George  R.  Sims, 
Co.  E.  Byford  E.  Long, 
Co.  F.  William  C.  Hall, 
Co.  G.  Nelson  Crabb, 

Co.  H.  David  Kelly, 

Co.  I.  Shepherd  F.  Eaton, 
Co.  K.  Ralph  Applewhite, 


1st  Lieutenant. 
George  W.  Rahm, 
William  R.  Carlton, 
William  T.  Days, 
Benjamin  L.  Smith, 
James  B.  Stilwell, 
James  W.  Owen, 
Stephen  Story, 

Allen  C.  Burton, 
George  W.  Fried ly. 
Stephen  Bowers, 


2d  Lieutenant. 
Leander  P.  Leonard. 
John  Campbell. 
Thos.  E.  McLeland. 
Horace  L.  Brown. 
Andrew  J.  Hamilton. 
Charles  D.  Prow. 
George  T.  Poison. 
Wiley  G.  Burton. 
William  H.  Aikin. 
Tazwell  Yaw  ter. 


Nearly  all  the  original  line  officers  during  term  of  service  of  the 
regiment  were  promoted,  resigned  or  discharged  for  wounds  or  dis- 
ability, and  vacancies  were  filled  by  promotion  from  the  companies. 

The  gallant  Major  Abbett,  who  had  already  seen  service  of  one 
year  in  the  6th  Indiana  as  an  officer  and  commissioned  major  in 
this  regiment,  was  killed  in  action  at  Munfordsville,  Kentucky,  on 
September  16th,  less  than  one  month  after  the  regiment  went  into 
service,  and  was  the  only  field  officer  killed  during  its  term  of  serv- 
ice, though  Colonel  Emerson  was  twice  wounded,  first  at  Arkansas 
Post  and  again  at  Cane  River,  Louisiana;  from  this  last  wound  he 
was  so  invalided  that  he  resigned. 

August  21st,  soon  after  muster  in  of  the  regiment,  it  left  Mad- 
ison by  boat  for  Louisville,  where,  after  being  in  camp  a few  days, 
was  further  ordered  to  Munfordsville,  Kentucky,  where  the  L.  & N. 
Railroad  crosses  Green  River.  The  post  was  garrisoned  only  by  a 


(329) 


330 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


small  force  guarding  the  railroad  bridge,  but  a larger  force  had 
occupied  the  place  some  time  before,  and  had  constructed  a couple 
of  forts,  widely  separated,  but  connected  by  lines  of  rifle  pits  and 
breastworks,  which  made  very  good  defenses. 

This  was  the  summer  when  the  Confederate  army,  under  Bragg, 
was  making  the  famous  advance  north  to  capture  Louisville  and 
Cincinnati,  and  as  Munfordsville  was  not  on  direct  line  of  his 
march,  he  detached  Chalmers’  Division  to  capture  Munfordsville. 
which  was  supposed  to  be  only  a camp  of  instruction. 

Other  Indiana  troops,  with  a battery  of  artillery,  soon  collected 
at  this  point,  making  in  all  some  3,000  troops,  and  the  attack  was 
made  on  the  works  on  the  14th  and  16th  of  September,  with  great 
vigor  by  the  Confederate  forces,  with  some  8,000  troops,  who,  after 
repeated  charges  almost  up  to  the  works,  were  driven  from  the  field 
with  a loss  of  some  750  killed  and  wounded,  while  our  loss  was  only 
47  killed  and  wounded.  This  defense  on  the  Union  side  was  made 
by  Indiana  troops  who  had  never  been  under  fire  before. 

Being  thus  defeated,  Bragg’s  whole  army  deviated  from  their 
course,  and  by  the  17th  had  surrounded  the  little  garrison  at  Mun- 
fordsville, who  had  so  ably  defended  the  post  and  planted  sixtv- 
six  cannon  on  hills  hearing  directly  on  the  works  and  deployed 
some  35,000  men  of  all  arms  for  an  attack. 

Knowing  full  well  the  result  of  such  an  attack,  the  Confederate 
commander  sent  in  a flag  of  truce  after  nightfall,  demanding  sur- 
render, hut  as  General  Wilder,  who  was  the  commander,  hesitated, 
he  was  given  privilege  to  go  out  and  be  taken  around  Bragg’s  lines 
to  verify  the  truth  of  the  report.  On  finding  conditions  as  repre- 
sented he  returned  at  3 o’clock  in  the  morning,  reported,  and  ad- 
vised surrender,  rather  than  he  slaughtered  almost  entire. 

Accordingly,  terms  of  surrender  were  drawn  up  and  signed,  and 
on  the  morning  of  the  18th  the  entire  garrison  marched  out,  sur- 
rendered and  grounded  arms,  stretching  out  a long  distance  along 
the  old  Louisville  and  Nashville  pike  road  to  perform  this  uncom- 
mon maneuver. 

The  whole  force  was  then  paroled,  and  during  the  afternoon  and 
night  marched  through  lines  upon  lines  of  the  Confederate  force, 
entering  the  lines  of  Buell’s  Union  army  early  in  the  forenoon  of 
next  day,  and,  as  per  terms  of  surrender,  were  formally  delivered 
to  the  Union  lines  at  Bowling  Green,  Kentucky,  some  forty  miles 
south  of  Munfordsville. 

It  was  a matter  of  common  regret  that  Buell  did  not  come  to  the 
relief  of  the  Union  forces  at  Munfordsville,  as  his  troops  said  that 


Sixty-Seventh  Infantry. 


331 


they  had  heard  the  firing-  all  day  of  the  second  day’s  fight,  and  were 
chafing  to  come  to  the  relief  of  the  troops  engaged  which,  it  was 
thought,  could  have  been  done. 

From  Bowling  Green  the  regiment  marched  to  Brandenburg,  on 
the  Ohio  River,  and  shortly  thereafter  reached  Indianapolis.  Thus 
was  the  67th  mustered  into  service  August  19tli,  sent  into  the  ene- 
my’s country,  fought  two  battles  on  September  14th  and  16th,  taken 
prisoners,  paroled  and  back  home  again  in  our  own  State  almost 
within  thirty  days,  having  seen  more  service  and  experience  than 
some  regiments  who  were  out  two  or  more  years. 

Soon  after  the  men  were  assembled  at  Indianapolis  they  were 
furloughed  home  for  thirty  days,  and  on  return  were  held  in  parole 
at  Camp  Morton,  Indianapolis,  and,  in  the  meantime,  other  Indiana 
regiments,  having  been  captured  in  battles  in  Kentucky,  were  also 
camped  with  this  regiment;  but  all  were  exchanged  in  November, 
drew  new  clothing,  new  tents,  improved  arms,  and  on  December 
5th  again  started  south,  via  Cairo  on  the  Vandalia  Railroad  and 
from  thence  by  boat  to  Memphis,  Tennessee.  While  there  the  regi- 
ment was  brigaded  with  the  16th  and  60th  Indiana,  83d  and  96th 
Ohio  and  23d  Wisconsin,  and,  with  only  slight  changes,  these  com- 
mands retained  this  brigade  formation  during  term  of  service. 
General  S.  B.  Burbridge  commanded  the  brigade,  and  A.  J.  Smith 
the  division,  until  after  the  campaign  of  Vicksburg,  when  changes 
of  brigade  and  division  commanders  occurred.  The  command  was 
known  as  1st  Brigade,  10th  Division,  13th  Army  Corps,  Army  of 
the  Tennessee,  until  its  transfer  to  the  Department  of  the  Gulf,  in 
the  fall  of  1863. 

From  Memphis,  on  December  20,  1862,  the  regiment  was  ordered 
to  proceed  by  boat  with  General  Sherman’s  command  to  make  the 
first  attack  on  Vicksburg  at  Haynes’  Bluff,  via  Yazoo  River  and 
Chickasaw  Bayou.  After  landing  from  boats,  the  forces  made  re- 
peated attacks  from  day  to  day  without  success,  and,  as  it  was 
found  impossible  to  gain  the  expected  advantage  from  this  source, 
and  learning  General  Grant  had  met  with  reverses  en  route  from 
Memphis,  via  Holly  Springs,  to  attack  the  forts  from  the  rear,  the 
Confederates  daily  receiving  reinforcements,  it  was  found  neces- 
sary to  retire  from  the  attack,  inasmuch  as  there  was  great  danger 
of  being  surrounded,  our  boats,  artillery  and  stores  captured.  Ac- 
cordingly, Sherman’s  force  retreated  and  retired  to  the  boats  on 
December  31st,  the  enemy  following  so  closely  they  had  to  be  driven 
back  by  fire  from  the  gunboats.  It  was  a fortunate  escape,  as  we 
have  since  learned. 


332 


Indiana  at  Vicksbttbg. 


During  the  balance  of  the  winter  of  1862  and  1863,  with  the 
army,  the  regiment  lay  in  camps  at  Milliken’s  Bend  and  Young’s 
Point,  Louisiana,  opposite  Vicksburg,  except  to  occasionally  join 
expeditions  sent  up  the  river  to  attack  points  where  the  Confeder- 
ates would  gather  to  fire  on  and  impede  navigation  of  our  boats 
carrying  troops  and  supplies  to  the  army  General  Grant  was  col- 
lecting for  his  intended  spring  campaign  against  Vicksburg. 

In  January  divisions  of  the  13th  and  15th  Corps  were  carried 
by  boat  up  the  White  and  Arkansas  rivers  to  co-operate  with  gun- 
boats in  an  attack  and  capture  of  Arkansas  Post,  in  Arkansas, 
which  was  successfully  accomplished  on  January  11,  1863,  our 
forces  capturing  some  5,000  prisoners  after  hard  fighting.  Both 
sides  lost  heavily. 

The  67th  bore  a prominent  part  in  the  engagement,  losing  pro- 
portionately with  the  whole  army,  the  union  loss  entire  being  129 
killed  and  nearly  900  wounded. 

After  capture  of  the  fort,  it  was  disarmed,  prisoners  sent  north 
and  earthworks  leveled  and  the  troops,  within  a few  days,  returned 
to  camps  at  Milliken’s  Bend. 

On  April  1st  of  this  year,  all  things  being  in  readiness,  the 
whole  of  Grant’s  army  began  its  flank  movement  across  country 
opposite  Vicksburg,  to  strike  the  river  miles  below,  opposite  Bruins- 
burg,  Mississippi,  where  the  regiment  crossed  on  gunboats  on  the 
30th  of  April  and,  by  a forced  night  march,  arrived  early  May  1st 
on  the  battlefield  of  Port  Gibson,  the  first  engagement  on  the  east 
side  of  the  river,  and  beginning  of  the  advance  on  Vicksburg. 

The  engagement  lasted  from  early  dawn  until  nightfall,  com- 
pletely routing  and  defeating  the  Confederates,  causing  their  re- 
treat toward  Vicksburg.  This  battle  was  always  referred  to  as  the 
“May  Day  party  of  1863.” 

Besides  large  numbers  of  killed  and  wounded  of  the  enemy,  we 
captured  some  700  prisoners,  but  our  losses  were  130  killed  and  718 
wounded.  The  67th,  in  the  evening,  was  on  the  advance  lines  and 
in  the  last  charge  of  the  day  on  the  enemy. 

Following  this  engagement  there  was  daily  marching  and  skir- 
mishing with  the  enemy,  some  engagements  being  important  enough 
for  battles,  until  arrival  of  the  forces  at  Champion’s  Hill,  where 
junction  was  formed  with  the  13t,h  and  15th  Corps,  and  on  the 
16th  of  May  was  fought  one  of  the  hardest  battles  of  the  war,  the 
Confederate  General  Pemberton  having  brought  out  from  Vicks- 
burg almost  his  whole  force  and  made  a desperate  stand  to  prevent 
Grant’s  army  from  approaching  Vicksburg  from  the  rear. 


Sixty-Seventh  Infantry. 


333 


After  terrific  fighting  on  both  sides,  the  Confederate  army  was 
defeated  with  heavy  loss,  and  at  night  retreated  to  and  across 
Black  River,  burning  the  railroad  bridge  before  their  forces  were 
all  across  the  river. 

The  Union  army  followed  up  the  next  morning,  and  the  10th 
Division  being  in  advance,  after  a sharp  battle  in  a bend  of  the 
river  on  the  east  side,  captured  a fort  with  some  1,500  prisoners 
and  eighteen  pieces  of  artillery.  On  the  18th  the  army  crossed 
Black  River  on  hastily  constructed  bridges  and  hotly  pursued  the 
Confederate  forces  during  the  day  to  within  cannon  shot  range  of 
the  Confederate  works  at  Vicksburg.  After  unsuccessful  assaults 
on  the  fortifications,  on  the  19th,  orders  were  for  commands  to  take 
safe  positions  as  near  as  possible  to  the  enemy  and  hold  him  down 
by  sharpshooters,  and  rest  and  draw  rations  on  the  20th  and  21st, 
which  was  done. 

Gunboats  on  the  river  having  got  into  position,  as  well  as  land 
forces,  a general  assault  was  made  along  the  whole  line  on  the  22d 
against  the  Confederate  works,  at  10  o’clock  a.  m.,  from  which  hour 
until  nightfall  the  fighting  was  terrific,  but  our  troops  failed  to 
make  a permanent  lodgment  within  the  enemy’s  works  at  any 
place,  but  secured  and  held  advanced  positions  in  many  places  near 
the  works  until  the  final  surrender.  The  67tli  was  near  the  center 
of  the  line  and  got  so  near  the  fort  in  their  front  that  they  could 
neither  advance  nor  retreat,  and  were  only  relieved  and  fell  back  in 
dusk  of  the  evening.  Fighting  ceased  at  night  and,  while  our 
losses  were  heavy,  great  advantages  were  gained,  that  in  the  end 
aided  in  capture  of  the  works.  It  was  said  that  Grant  lost  one- 
tenth  of  his  army  engaged  that  day,  and  the  67th  suffered  propor- 
tionately. From  this  date  until  July  4th  gradual  approaches,  by 
rifle-pits,  trenches,  mining  and  other  ways,  were  made  day  and 
night,  until  final  surrender  on  July  4,  1863.  On  the  same  date  was 
achieved  the  victory  to  Union  arms  in  the  great  battle  of  Gettys- 
burg, and  the  backbone  of  the  rebellion  was  broken,  both  east  and 
west. 

Immediately  after  the  fall  of  Vicksburg,  the  larger  part  of  the 
army  was  ordered  to  Jackson.  Mississippi,  to  capture  or  drive  off 
Johnston’s  army,  which  had  been  harassing  the  rear  of  Grant’s 
troops  during  the  siege,  and  in  this  movement  the  67th  also  par- 
ticipated. 

After  the  capture  of  Jackson  and  the  retreat  of  Johnston. 
Grant’s  forces  returned  to  Vicksburg,  and  in  due  time  the  13th 
Army  Corps  was  ordered  to  the  Gulf  Department  and  all  assembled 
at  New  Orleans  and  vicinity  during  the  latter  part  of  August. 


334 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


In  this  department  the  regiment  remained  until  the  close  of  the 
war  and  participated  in  the  two  unfortunate  Red  River  campaigns 
in  western  Louisiana.  In  the  one  in  the  fall  of  1863,  the  regiment 
was  again  captured  at  the  battle  of  Grand  Coteau,  November  3d, 
while  acting  as  rear  guard  in  the  retreat  of  the  division  and  away 
from  supports  but,  after  being  held  as  prisoners  of  war  until  De- 
cember, the  men  were  paroled  and  sent  into  the  Union  lines  at  New 
Iberia,  Louisiana,  on  Christmas  day,  and  were  eventually  ex- 
changed, after  which  the  different  detachments  were  again  assem- 
bled at  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana. 

In  the  spring  of  1864,  after  returning  from  Matagorda,  Texas, 
where  the  67th  had  been  sent  on  an  expedition,  they  again  partic- 
ipated in  the  second  Red  River  expedition  to  Alexandria  and  be- 
yond, in  western  Louisiana,  during  which  they  were  skirmishing 
and  fighting  almost  daily  in  the  months  of  April  and  May,  partic- 
ipating in  some  twelve  engagements  during  those  months,  and  were 
in  the  retreat  from  Alexandria  to  the  vicinity  of  New  Orleans. 

All  prisoners  who  had  been  captured  at  Grand  Coteau  in  No- 
vember, 1863,  were  exchanged  and  rejoined  the  regiment  early  in 
July,  1864,  and  on  the  29th  of  July  the  regiment,  with  its  brigade, 
under  command  of  Gen.  Gordon  Granger,  embarked  on  boats  for 
the  campaign  of  Mobile  Bay,  and,  disembarking  on  Dauphine 
Island,  at  the  mouth  of  the  bay  on  the  3d  of  August,  deployed 
across  the  island  in  the  rear  of  the  Confederate  Fort  Gaines,  on 
extreme  east  point  of  the  island,  and  by  the  usual  tactics  of  rifle-pit 
approaches,  until  the  evening  of  August  5th,  when,  after  a heavy 
bombardment  from  the  fleet  and  land  forces,  the  troops  made  a 
charge  all  along  the  line  and  captured  the  works  with  its  garrison, 
cannon,  a large  supply  of  small  arms,  ammunition  and  stores,  with 
the  loss  of  but  one  man  killed  and  a number  of  wounded. 

On  the  6th,  after  the  fall  of  Fort  Gaines,  the  grand  naval  battle 
of  Mobile  took  place  in  full  view  of  the  land  troops.  Admiral  Far- 
ragut’s  fleet  of  monitors  and  naval  vessels  bombarded  Fort  Morgan 
and  ran  the  batteries  with  the  loss  of  one  of  his  monitor  fleet,  with 
nearly  all  on  board.  The  fleet  passed  the  fort  and  captured  the 
Confederate  ram  “Tennessee”  and  a number  of  other  boats  of  the 
enemy,  but  one  escaping. 

take  up  its  duties  of  citizenship  and  lasting  peace  in  its  own  be- 

On  August  9th  the  land  forces  crossed  over  the  bay  on  vessels  of 
the  fleet,  out  of  range  of  guns  of  the  fort,  and,  being  deployed 
across  the  narrow  strip  of  land  above  the  fort,  began  the  Vicksburg 
fashion  of  making  approaches  in  regular  siege  to  the  fort.  This 


Sixty-Seventh  Infantry. 


335 


was  continued  by  sharpshooting  and  artillery  by  land,  and  bom- 
bardment by  the  fleet,  until  the  night  of  the  23d,  when,  by  a com- 
bined attack  of  bombardment  for  twelve  hours  by  sea  and  land. 
Fort  Morgan  surrendered. 

After  resting  here  a few  days,  and  at  Fort  Powell,  on  the  oppo- 
site side  of  the  bay,  the  regiment  again  embarked  for  New  Orleans, 
arriving  there  on  the  12th  of  September  and  disembarked  at  Al- 
giers, from  where  the  regiment  soon  after  moved  by  boat  to  Mor- 
ganza  Bend,  Louisiana.  From  this  point  the  regiment  participated 
in  a number  of  expeditions  and  skirmishes  during  the  fall. 

On  December  21,  1864,  the  regiment  being  decimated  in  num- 
ber by  casualties,  disease  and  discharges,  orders  were  issued  for 
consolidation  of  the  67th  and  24th  Indiana  Regiments,  and  from 
that  date  to  end  of  service,  the  67th ’s  companies  composed  the  left 
wing  of  the  24th  and  were  officially  recognized  as  of  that  regiment. 

In  the  winter  of  1864  and  1865,  preparations  were  made  for  ex- 
peditions for  the  capture  of  Mobile  and  defenses,  and  the  part  of 
the  army  to  which  the  67tli  was  attached  went  by  boat  to  Pensacola, 
Florida,  where,  soon  after  being  assembled,  they  marched  by  land 
across  the  western  Florida  strip  through  Alabama,  and  reached 
Fort  Blakely,  on  the  east  coast  of  Mobile  Bay,  opposite  the  city  of 
Mobile.  Here  they  entered  a nine  days  ’ siege  of  these  strong  works, 
which  were  captured  by  a general  assault  along  the  lines  for  some 
six  miles  in  extent,  on  April  9,  1865,  being  the  last  engagement  of 
the  67th,  and  nearly  the  last  battle  of  the  war,  as  in  April,  through 
Confederate  sources,  the  good  news  of  Lee’s  surrender  was  made 
known. 

Soon  after  the  general  surrenders  the  67th  made  an  expedition 
to  Selma,  Alabama,  and  from  thence  was  ordered  to  Galveston, 
Texas,  by  boat,  where  the  regiment  was  discharged  July  19th,  but 
was  paid  off  and  term  of  service  ended  August  4,  1865.  at  Indian- 
apolis, Indiana. 

Having  entered  the  service  with  over  1,000  enlisted  men  and 
officers,  fought  twenty-nine  battles  and  in  many  skirmishes,  trav- 
eled over  nine  Southern  States,  under  fire  170  days,  twice  captured, 
paroled  and  exchanged,  it  returned  with  only  236  war-worn  veter- 
ans of  the  number  on  its  original  enlistment  rolls,  to  sever  its  con- 
nection with  the  armies  of  the  Union,  and  return  to  civil  life  to 
loved  State  of  Indiana. 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  1 officer  and  52  enlisted  men 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  2 officers  and  194  enlisted  men  by 
disease ; total,  249. 


Monument  of  69tli  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  9th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
69th  INFANTRY 


Colonel  Thomas  W.  Bennett 
Lieut.  Col.  Oran  Perky 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17; 
Assault,  May  19;  Assault,  May  22.  Duty  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  24-July  4.  Casualties: 
Killed  16,  wounded  72,  missing  7,  total  95;  Major  John  H.  Finley  and  Lieut.  Henry  Stratton  mortally 
wounded. 


(336) 


SIXTY-NINTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  69tli  was  organized  at  Richmond,  Indiana,  in  July,  1862, 
and  was  mustered  into  the  United  States  service  August  19,  1862, 
under  the  following  named  officers : 


William  A.  Bickle 

Job  Stout 

Thomas  S.  Walterhouse. 

Oran  Perry 

William  M.  Smith 

Alvin  L.  Hobbs 

David  S.  Evans 

William  B.  Witt 


Colonel. 

. Lieutenant-Colonel. 
. Major. 

Adjutant. 

Quartermaster. 

Chaplain. 

Surgeon. 

Assistant  Surgeon. 


Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co.  A. 

John  H.  Finley, 

Maberry  M.  Lacey, 

George  G.  Garretson. 

Co.  B. 

David  Nation, 

David  K.  Williams, 

Alvin  M.  Cowing. 

Co.  C. 

George  H.  Bonebrake, 

John  K.  Martin, 

John  S.  Way. 

Co.  D. 

John  Ross, 

Samuel  J.  Miller, 

Jacob  A.  Jackson. 

Co.  E. 

Joseph  L.  Marsh, 

Cornelius  Longfellow, 

Francis  French. 

Co.  F. 

Lewis  K.  Harris, 

Joseph  R.  Jackson, 

George  W.  Thompson. 

Co.  G. 

Wilmington  Wingett, 

William  Mount, 

Cordon  W.  Smith. 

Co.  H. 

Frederick  Hoover, 

David  Yount, 

Hiram  B.  Brattain. 

Co.  I. 

Robert  K.  Collins, 

Andrew  J.  Slinger, 

John  H.  Foster. 

Co.  K. 

William  Kerr, 

Jesse  Holton, 

William  G.  Plummer. 

The  regiment  left  “Camp  Wayne,”  Richmond,  August  20,  1862, 
1,000  strong,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  Job  Stout,  going  to 
Lexington.  Kentucky,  via  Indianapolis  and  Louisville,  where  it  was 
assigned  to  Manson’s  Brigade,  Army  of  Kentucky. 

Kirby  Smith’s  Confederate  army  of  30,000  to  40,000  was  ad- 
vancing northward,  with  the  intention  of  capturing  Louisville  and 
Cincinnati,  and  the  advance  troops  of  the  Army  of  Kentucky, 
under  General  Manson,  about  7,000  strong,  met  it  at  Richmond, 
Kentucky,  where  the  Federal  forces,  after  an  all-day’s  battle,  dur- 
ing which  three  stands  were  made,  suffered  a crushing  defeat. 

The  69th  Regiment  participated  in  this  unfortunate  battle, 
losing  20  per  cent,  of  its  strength  in  killed  and  wounded,  and 
nearly  all  of  the  rest  by  capture.  The  prisoners  were  paroled  a 
couple  of  days  later  and,  under  orders  from  the  War  Department, 
made  their  way  back  to  “Camp  Wayne”  as  soon  as  possible. 

While  in  camp  at  Lexington,  the  colors  of  the  69th  were  placed 
in  the  hands  of  Eli  Almon,  Company  C,  who  carried  them  through 
the  battle  until  the  third  and  last  stand,  when,  realizing  defeat,  he 
slipped  the  flag  from  the  staff  and,  concealing  it  under  his  clothes, 
made  his  escape  through  the  lines  of  the  enemy  and  turned  up  at 
“Camp  Wayne”  a few  days  later.  The  career  of  this  color  bearer 
was  remarkable,  from  the  fact  that  he  carried  the  flag  from  the  be- 


[22] 


[337] 


338 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


ginning  cf  the  service  to  the  end  without  break  of  any  kind,  always 
on  duty,  never  sick,  never  wounded,  and  it  is  probable  it  has  no 
parallel  in  the  service. 

The  paroled  prisoners  of  the  69th  were  quickly  exchanged  and 
the  regiment  was  fitted  out  for  active  service  without  delay. 

While  in  “Camp  Wayne”  Colonel  Biekle,  who  had  not  accom- 
panied the  regiment  to  the  field,  resigned  his  commission,  which 
was  accepted,  taking  effect  October  24,  1862,  and  Thomas  W.  Ben- 
nett, major  of  the  36th  Indiana,  was  promoted  to  the  colonelcy  of 
the  69th,  assuming  command  November  1,  1862. 

The  battle  of  Richmond,  Kentucky,  had  a sobering  but  bene- 
ficial effect  on  the  men  of  the  69th.  They  realized  that  war  was 
just  what  General  Sherman  said  it  was,  and  that  if  they  were  to  be 
successful  in  the  future  they  must  study  the  game,  so  at  this  camp 
was  established  the  policy  of  drill  and  discipline,  which  was  never 
departed  from,  and  which  redounded  to  the  credit  of  the  regiment 
throughout  its  career. 

The  regiment  left  “Camp  Wayne”  again  November  1,  1862, 
going  to  Indianapolis  for  a few  clays,  thence  to  Memphis,  Tennes- 
see, via  Cairo,  where  it  was  assigned  to  the  1st  Brigade,  9tli  Di- 
vision, 13th  Army  Corps. 

It  took  part  in  Sherman’s  Tazoo  expedition,  sailing  from  Mem- 
phis December  20,  1862,  on  the  old  steamer  “Sam  Gaty,”  whose 
dilapidated  condition  caused  its  passengers  more  distress  of  mind 
than  all  of  the  anticipations  of  battles  to  come. 

The  69th  was  engaged  in  all  of  the  actions  at  Chickasaw  Bluffs 
and  Chickasaw  Bayou,  December  26-29,  none  of  which  were  a suc- 
cess, and  it  had  the  honor  of  covering  the  retreat  of  the  disap- 
pointed troops,  it  being  the  last  regiment  to  embark,  heavily  pressed 
by  the  enemy,  and  saved  from  capture  only  by  the  timely  arrival  of 
the  gunboat  “Tyler,”  Capt.  James  Pritchard,  whose  guns  swept 
the  cotton  fields  clean. 

Returning  from  the  Yazoo  as  gracefully  as  the  circumstances 
would  permit.  General  Sherman  lost  no  time  in  useless  repining,  but 
headed  his  fleet  for  Arkansas  Post,  where  it  arrived  January  10. 
1863. 

On  the  lltli  of  January,  the  regiment  participated  in  the 
assault  on  Port  Hindman,  which  resultel  in  the  capture  of  the 
works,  some  5,000  troops,  a large  quantity  of  stores  and  munitions 
of  war  and  two  steamboats.  It  was  the  cleanest  sweep  of  the  war, 
not  a single  one  of  the  enemy  making  his  escape. 


Sixty-Ninth  Infantry. 


339 

While  at  Arkansas  Post,  Gen.  P.  J.  Osterliaus  arrived  and  was 
assigned  command  of  the  9th  Division,  which  he  retained  through- 
out the  Vicksburg  campaign,  until  August,  1863. 

Immediately  after  the  affair  at  Arkansas  Post,  the  army  was 
transported  down  to  Young’s  Point,  Louisiana,  near  Vicksburg, 
on  the  west  bank  of  the  Mississippi,  where  it  arrived  January  17th. 
At  that  time  the  river  was  very  high  and  General  Grant  hoped  that 
by  digging  and  dredging  the  high  water  might  be  induced  to  cut 
through  the  abandoned  “Williams  Canal”  and  thus  afford  safe 
passage  for  the  fleet  past  Vicksburg.  The  men  of  the  69th  did  their 
share  of  this  work,  encamped  on  sodden  ground  all  the  while,  and 
doing  their  best  to  keep  down  a heavy  sick  list.  In  spite  of  the 
best  efforts  of  the  surgeons  and  thu  nurses  the  regiment  lost  thirty - 
one  men  by  death  in  the  six  weeks  it  was  stationed  there.  . 

As  the  river  showed  no  signs  of  receding  or  any  intention  of 
taking  advantage  of  the  “Williams  Canal,”  the  work  was  sus- 
pended and  the  troops  were  sent  to  Milliken’s  Bend,  twenty-five 
miles  above  Vicksburg,  the  69tli  arriving  there  March  8th. 

Lieut.  Col.  Job  Stout  had  resigned,  taking  effect  January  21, 
1863,  and  Maj.  Thomas  S.  Walterhouse,  February  16th,  both  on 
account  of  wounds  received  in  battle,  from  which  it  was  impossible 
to  recover  while  in  the  field.  To  fill  these  vacancies  commissions 
were  received  at  Milliken’s  Bend,  promoting  Adj.  Oran  Perry  to 
lieutenant-colonel,  and  Capt.  John  H.  Finley,  Company  A,  to  be 
major.  On  account  of  a lame  foot  First  Lieut.  Maberry  M.  Lacey 
waived  his  promotion  to  the  captaincy  of  Company  A and  was  ap- 
pointed adjutant. 

During  the  winter  there  had  been  several  attempts  to  find  a 
foothold  in  the  rear  of  Vicksburg  on  the  east  side  of  the  river, 
without  success,  which  determined  General  Grant  to  try  his  for- 
tunes by  the  way  of  the  west  bank  of  the  river.  To  General  Mc- 
Clernand,  of  the  13th  Corps,  was  entrusted  the  task  of  finding  a 
route  practicable  for  the  passage  of  the  army  from  Milliken’s  Bend 
to  New  Carthage,  or  some  other  point  below  Vicksburg,  where  it 
could  meet  the  gunboats  and  transports,  which  were  to  run  the 
blockade. 

The  flood  was  still  at  its  height,  the  bayous  were  over  their 
banks  for  miles,  all  known  roads  wrere  out  of  sight,  and  the  prospect 
of  finding  a route  without  a very  wide  detour  to  the  west  seemed 
extremely  doubtful.  The  experiment  had  to  be  made  nevertheless, 
and  it  is  the  especial  pride  of  the  69th  that  it  was  chosen  for  the 


340 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


work  and  that  it  was  successful  in  every  particular.  The  orders 
for  the  detail  may  be  found  in  “Rebellion  Records,”  Series  1,  Vol- 
ume 24,  page  445,  and  are  quoted  below: 

Headquarters  Thirteenth  Army  Corps,  March  30.  18G3. 
Brigadier  General  P.  J.  Osterhaus, 

Commanding  Ninth  Division, 

General  : You  will  order  one  regiment,  armed  and  equipped  with 
forty  rounds  of  ammunition  in  their  cartridge  boxes,  and  ammunition 
wagon  laden  with  suitable  ammunition,  their  camp  and  garrison  equip- 
age and  four  days’  rations  to  report  opposite  these  headquarters  by  8 
o’clock  tomorrow,  for  further  orders.  I would  suggest  that  the  Sixty- 
ninth  Indiana,  Colonel  Bennett,  be  detached  for  the  service  contemplated. 

By  order  of  Major  General  McClernand, 

Walter  B.  Scales, 

Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Adjutant-General. 

Headquarters  Thirteenth  Army  Corps, 

Milliken’s  Bend.  March  30. 

Colonel  Bennett, 

Commanding  Sixty-ninth  Indiana  Volunteers, 

Colonel:  Besides  your  own  regiment,  you  will  have  command  of  de- 
tachments of  cavalry  and  pioneers  for  the  purpose  of  the  important  ex- 
pedition with  which  you  are  charged.  The  main  purpose  of  the  expedi- 
tion is  to  open  a practicable  communication  for  our  forces  via  Richmond, 
La.,  between  this  camp  and  New  Carthage.  Of  course,  the  shortest  route, 
whether  by  land  or  water,  all  other  things  being  equal,  would  be  prefer- 
able. It  is  certain  that  there  is  a navigable  communication  between  Rich- 
mond and  New  Carthage,  by  Roundaway  and  Bayou  Vidal,  and  it  is  also 
believed  that  there  is  a road  along  the  bank  of  Roundaway  Bayou  almost 
the  whole  distance.  That  route  which  you  can  make  available  for  the 
passage  of  troops  and  trains  with  the  least  labor  and  in  the  shortest  time 
you  will  select  and  make  available  at  the  earliest  practicable  moment.  The 
detachment  of  pioneers,  as  already  mentioned,  will  be  at  your  command 
for  that  purpose,  and  Lieutenant  William  R.  McGomas,  aid-de-camp  and 
engineer  on  my  staff,  will  give  any  assistance  in  his  power.  If  a prac- 
ticable route  can  be  found,  you  will  not  only  consider  it  with  reference 
to  passage,  but  also  with  reference  to  its  capability  of  defense,  and  for 
this  purpose  you  will  select  and  report  suitable  sites  for  posts  or  garrisons 
along  it.  If  no  practicable  route  can  be  found,  you  will  immediately  re- 
port that  fact. 

Starting  tomorrow,  you  will  march  to  Richmond,  and  upon  personal 
examination  you  will  decide,  in  view  of  military  considerations,  whether 
you  will  encamp  on  this  or  the  other  side  of  Roundaway  Bayou.  Upon 
reaching  the  bayou  at  Richmond,  il  may  be  found  expedient  to  cross  the 
cavalry  first,  and  send  it  forward  rapidly,  under  orders,  to  scout  the 
country  around  Richmond,  as  far  as  water  will  permit,  for  the  purpose 
of  capturing  hostile  parties,  preventing  the  destruction  of  cotton  and  other 


Sixty-Ninth  Infantry. 


341 


property,  verifying  the  names  and  political  antecedents  of  its  owners,  and 
bringing  in  beef  cattle. 

All  cotton  abandoned  by  its  owners  or  forfeited  by  treasonable  acts, 
may  be  brought  in  and  condemned  by  a Provost  Marshal  for  the  use  of 
the  United  States,  in  which  case  the  particular  lot  of  cotton,  and  the  facts 
relating  to  it.  will  be  reported  to  these  headquarters.  You  will  also  re- 
port to  these  headquarters  daily  of  the  progress  of  your  operations.  Any 
reinforcements  you  may  request  will  be  promptly  forwarded.  While  you 
are  authorized  to  draw  provisions  and  forage  from  the  country,  giving  re- 
ceipts to  owners,  payable  upon  satisfactory  proof  of  their  loyalty  at  the  end 
of  the  rebellion,  you  will  be  strict  and  prompt  to  prevent  marauding.  Let 
nothing  be  taken  except  by  your  orders. 

Until  otherwise  ordered,  you  will  report  to  these  headquarters,  through 
your  Division  Commander,  Brigadier-General  Osterhaus. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

John  A.  McClernand, 
Major-General  Commanding. 

The  expedition,  which  was  placed  under  the  command  of  Colo- 
nel Bennett,  as  noted  above,  was  composed  of  the  following  named 
organizations : A squadron  of  2d  Illinois  Cavalry,  with  howitzer 

battery,  Captain commanding;  a pioneer  corps  of  200 

men.  with  yawls  and  pontoon  boats,  Captain  Patterson,  and  the 
69tli  Indiana,  Lieut.  Col.  Perry.  This  force  left  Milliken’s  Bend 
March  31,  1863,  at  8 a.  m.,  arriving  at  Roundaway  Bayou,  opposite 
Richmond,  Louisiana,  about  2 p.  m.,  which  was  crossed  in  boats  by 
a battalion  of  the  69th,  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy,  who  were 
driven  through  the  town  into  the  country  beyond.  For  the  next 
two  weeks  the  troops  were  engaged  in  exploring  the  country  in 
boats  and  locating  roads,  during  which  time  they  built  over  2,000 
feet  of  bridges  and  corduroy  roads.  The  scout  boats  brought  in- 
formation that  the  enemy  was  occupying  a fine  camping  gTound 
four  or  five  miles  south,  and  its  capture  was  determined  upon.  A 
large  scow,  which  had  been  used  as  a ferry  boat  by  the  planters, 
was  secured,  its  ends  and  sides  armor-plated  with  thick  boards,  the 
ends  pierced  with  port-holes,  through  which  the  brass  howitzers 
showed  their  muzzles,  the  motive  power  being  side  oars,  after  the 
fashion  of  war  galleys  of  old.  Manned  by  Companies  A and  F 
the  ferocious  looking  craft  paddled  through  the  woods  and  over 
the  fields,  accompanied  by  small  boats,  carrying  Generals  McCler- 
nand  and  Osterhaus,  the  field  and  staff  officers  of  the  69th,  except 
the  major. 

The  expedition  passed  New  Carthage  under  water,  and  at  Ion 
plantation,  owned  by  Mr.  .Tames,  encountered  the  Confederate 


342 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


pickets  and  chased  them  to  their  camp  at  Perkins’  plantation,  a 
couple  of  miles  below.  Ion  plantation  was  high  and  dry.  It  con- 
tained acreage  enough  to  hold  a large  army,  and  it  was  deter- 
mined to  hold  it  all  hazards.  The  next  morning,  April  8th,  the 
rest  of  the  69th  came  forward  and  the  day  was  spent  in  erecting 
saw-log  barricades  against  the  enemy.  Every  day  for  a week  the 
rebel  artillery  shelled  the  position,  while  their  infantry  made  dem- 
onstrations that  seriously  threatened  the  success  of  tiie  expedition. 
To  add  to  the  peril,  a rebel  gunboat  appeared  in  the  water  front 
and  kept  the  little  force  in  a very  anxious  frame  of  mind  for  one 
day.  It  was  saved  from  shelling  by  the  close  proximity  of  the 
mansion  of  Mr.  James,  an  ardent  friend  of  the  enemy,  and  whose 
two  sons  were  officers  in  the  Confederate  force  at  Perkins. 

The  tension  was  finally  relieved  by  the  passage  of  the  batteries 
at  Vicksburg,  on  the  night  of  the  16tli,  by  the  gunboats  and  trans- 
ports and  their  arrival  at  Ion  plantation  at  noon  next  day.  Early 
next  morning  the  49th  and  69th  Indiana,  supported  by  the  gun- 
boats, made  a reconnoissance  to  Perkins’  plantation,  which  they 
found  had  been  abandoned  by  the  enemy  the  night  before.  Per- 
kins’ plantation  had  several  hundred  acres  of  fine  camp  ground,  a 
river  front  with  a good  landing,  making  it  an  ideal  place  for  assem- 
bling an  army. 

Hither  came  the  13th  and  17th  Corps,  occupying  several  days 
in  closing  up,  during  which  time  a number  of  additional  trans- 
ports ran  past  the  Vicksburg  batteries,  providing  sufficient  trans- 
portation for  the  movement  General  Grant  had  in  mind. 

It  was  while  camped  at  this  place  that  Chaplain  Alvin  I.  Hobbs 
resigned,  because  of  nervous  prostration,  caused  by  overwork  in  the 
hospitals  at  Young’s  Point.  The  men  of  the  regiment  were  very 
fond  of  him  and  parted  with  him  with  sincere  regret.  Here  also 
was  received  four  months’  pay,  the  bulk  of  which  was  sent  home 
with  the  chaplain. 

On  the  28th  of  April  the  13tli  Army  Corps  embarked  on  trans- 
ports and  followed  the  gunboats  to  the  vicinity  of  Grand  Gulf, 
where  it  watched  the  bombardment  by  the  gunboats  until  night- 
fall, when  it  disembarked  and  marched  across  the  neck  of  land  to 
Hard  Times,  where  it  met  the  gunboats  and  transports  again  and 
was  ferried  over  the  river  to  Bruinsburg  on  the  afternoon  of  April 
30tli.  Marching  all  night  with  the  rest  of  the  division  to  gain  the 
high  land  back  of  the  river,  the  69th  was  one  of  the  first  to  engage 
in  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  which  was  an  overwhelming  victory 


Sixty-Ninth  Infantry. 


343 


for  the  Federal  forces.  Further  maneuvering  by  the  army  during 
the  next  two  weeks  resulted  in  the  victory  at  Champion’s  Hill,  May 
16th.  in  which  the  69tli  had  a prominent  part,  having  the  good 
fortune  to  be  in  position  favorable  to  the  pursuit  of  the  enemy, 
during  which  it  captured  over  2,000  prisoners  and  seven  stand  of 
colors.  The  pursuit  was  pressed  until  late  in  the  night,  the  69th 
bivouacking  in  an  advanced  position  near  Edwards  Station. 

The  next  day,  May  17th,  the  enemy  was  found  to  be  strongly 
entrenched  at  Black  River  Bridge,  and  Gen.  M.  K.  Lawler,  2d 
Brigade,  14th  Division,  was  ordered  to  dislodge  or  capture  them. 
Having  but  four  regiments  in  his  brigade,  General  Osterhaus 
loaned  him  the  49tli  and  69th  Indiana,  a distinction  which  was 
regarded  by  the  troops  engaged  as  a great  compliment.  The  result 
of  the  assault  was  the  capture  of  the  works  with  about  5,000  pris- 
oners and  twenty  pieces  of  artillery. 

Being  disabled  by  a piece  of  shell  at  Black  River,  General  Os- 
terhaus was,  for  a few  days,  succeeded  by  Gen.  A.  L.  Lee. 

Retreating  from  Black  River,  the  enemy  had  taken  refuge  be- 
hind the  line  of  works  outside  of  Vicksburg.  Hoping  to  profit  by 
their  demoralization  and  quickly  end  the  campaign,  General  Grant 
ordered  an  assault  on  the  morning  of  May  19th,  which  failed  of 
success.  Among  those  seriously  wounded  was  Gen.  A.  L.  Lee, 
commanding  the  9th  Division,  who  was  immediately  succeeded  by 
General  Osterhaus,  who  had  just  arrived  on  the  ground.  This  was 
followed  by  another  assault  on  the  morning  of  May  22,  also  unsuc- 
cessful, during  which  the  69th  lost  two  of  its  most  valued  young 
officers,  Maj.  John  LI.  Finley  and  Lieut.  Henry  Stratton,  Company 
E.  The  next  day  Colonel  Bennett  left  for  home  on  sick  leave,  and 
was  succeeded  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  Perry,  who,  with  the  exception 
of  four  or  five  months,  retained  command  to  the  end  of  the  war. 

The  commanding  general  having  decided  to  settle  down  to  a 
siege  of  Vicksburg,  General  Osterhaus,  with  the  9th  Division  and 
a force  of  cavalry  and  artillery,  was  ordered  back  to  Black  River 
to  protect  the  rear,  and  the  69th  on  the  morning  of  the  23d  took 
up  the  line  of  march  with  the  rest,  and  for  the  next  six  weeks  did 
strenuous  duty  along  the  banks  of  the  Big  Black. 

Immediately  after  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg,  the  troops  at  the 
Big  Black,  reinforced  by  the  bulk  of  the  army  which  had  con- 
ducted the  siege,  the  whole  under  command  of  General  Sherman, 
crossed  the  river  and  drove  the  Confederate  army  under  Johnston 
back  to  the  works  at  Jackson.  During  the  advance,  July  4th  to 


344 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


10th,  the  9th  Division  leading,  the  69th  took  part  in  all  of  the 
actions  that  occurred,  also  performed  efficient  service  during  the 
siege  of  Jackson,  July  10th  to  17tli. 

Leaving  Jackson,  July  21,  1863,  the  9th  Division  returned  to 
Vicksburg,  where  General  Osterhaus,  having  been  made  a major- 
general,  was  transferred  to  a larger  command. 

On  the  8tli  of  August  the  brigade  to  which  the  69th  was  attached 
embarked  for  Port  Pludson,  where  it  arrived  the  next  evening  and 
remained  until  the  19th,  when  embarking  on  the  steamer  “St. 
Thomas,”  it  sailed  for  New  Orleans  and  landed  at  Carrollton,  a 
suburb,  on  the  evening  of  the  20th.  An  army  was  gathering  here 
for  an  expedition  against  Texas,  by  the  way  of  western  Louisiana, 
and  the  time  was  principally  spent  in  drill. 

The  69th  had  the  honor  of  assignment  to  the  right  of  the  9th  Di- 
vision on  the  grand  review  of  the  13th  Army  Corps  by  General 
Grant  on  September  2,  1863.  It  was  held  on  the  great  plain  back 
of  Carrollton,  and  was  a function  the  splendor  of  which  was  never 
equaled  at  any  other  time  during  the  service  of  this  regiment. 

The  Teche  campaign  having  gotten  under  way,  the  69th  took 
the  cars  at  Algiers,  opposite  New  Orleans,  Sunday,  September  6th, 
and  arrived  at  Brashear  City,  on  Berwick  Bay,  the  same  after- 
noon, at  which  point  the  army  was  getting  together  for  its  final 
start  to  Texas,  via  Franklin,  New  Iberia  and  Opelousas. 

About  this  time  Capt.  George  LI.  Bonebrake,  Company  C,  re- 
ceived his  commission  as  major,  vice  Finley,  killed. 

The  trip  through  the  beautiful  Teche  country,  the  last  home  of 
Evangeline,  was  something  in  the  nature  of  a picnic  because  of  the 
lovely  landscape,  the  delightful  climate  and  the  friendly  disposi- 
tion of  the  inhabitants,  who  seemed  to  hold  no  grudge  against  the 
invaders.  When  the  army  arrived  at  a point  some  distance  be- 
yond Opelousas,  it  turned  back  because  of  lack  of  water  on  the  vast 
plain  which  had  to  be  crossed,  and  it  jogged  back  by  easy  stages 
until  it  reached  Algiers,  November  23d.  The  military  authorities 
had  decided  to  try  the  gulf  route  to  Texas,  landing  on  the  coast  at 
the  mouth  of  the  Rio  Grande,  with  the  intention  of  capturing  the 
coast  defenses  by  the  rear. 

On  Wednesday,  November  25,  1863,  the  69th,  accompanied  by 
other  regiments  of  the  brigade,  General  Lawler  in  command,  em- 
barked on  the  steamship  “St.  Mary,”  and  after  a stormy  voyage, 
occupying  several  days,  made  an  ineffectual  attempt  to  land  at 
Corpus  Christi,  which  was  finally  abandoned,  the  fleet  sailing  fur- 


Sixty-Ninth  Infantry. 


345 


tlier  east  and  landing  the  troops  at  Decrow’s  Point,  Matagorda 
Bay,  December  1st.  This  proving  a good  base,  a large  number  of 
troops  were  gathered  here  for  the  invasion  of  Texas,  and  it  was 
here  that  the  famous  “cold  snap”  of  January  1,  1864,  nipped  the 
fingers,  toes  and  ears  of  the  boys  in  blue,  reminding  them  of  “Home, 
Sweet  Home.” 

A few  days  later  the  division  moved  up  the  bay  to  Indianola. 
where  it  remained  for  six  weeks,  and  from  which  point  the  69th 
regiment,  with  a section  of  artillery  and  a company  of  Texas 
scouts,  made  several  incursions  into  the  back  country,  bringing  in 
over  1.000  head  of  fine  cattle,  a large  quantity  of  lumber  and  over 
twenty  wagon  loads  of  dry  hides,  an  extremely  valuable  commodity 
at  that  time. 

By  this  time  the  military  authorities  at  New  Orleans  had 
changed  their  minds  again,  and  all  the  troops  except  the  1st  Divi- 
sion had  been  recalled  to  New  Orleans  to  take  part  in  the  Red 
River  campaign,  the  1st  Division  to  march  across  the  country  to 
Tyler.  Texas,  and  meet  the  main  body  there.  With  this  object  in 
view  the  troops  of  this  division  were  directed  to  assemble  at  Mata- 
gorda Island.  In  obedience  to  this  order  the  69th  Indiana  broke 
camp  at  Indianola  at  5 a.  m.,  Sunday,  March  13,  1864,  and  arrived 
at  the  ferry  connecting  with  the  island  at  3 p.  m. 

The  ferry  was  a raft  made  of  pontoon  boats,  carrying  about 
three  ccmpanies  at  a time.  The  distance  between  shores  was  about 
300  yards,  and  a stiff  tide  was  running  in.  Two  loads  had  crossed 
safely,  but  on  the  third  trip  the  float  swamped  in  midstream,  car- 
rying with  it  Companies  B,  G-  and  K of  the  69th,  together  with  the 
camp  followers.  Dr.  W.  B.  Witt,  assistant  surgeon;  Lieut.  Joseph 
Senor.  Company  K,  and  twenty-one  enlisted  men  were  drowned, 
while  the  rest  were  saved  with  great  difficulty,  many  of  them  being 
carried  a mile  away  before  assistance  could  be  rendered.  The  fol- 
lowing day,  the  14th,  Dr.  D.  S.  Evans,  surgeon,  received  notice  of 
the  acceptance  of  his  resignation,  on  account  of  ill  health,  which 
left  the  regiment  with  but  one  medical  officer,  Assistant  Surgeon 
Jacob  S.  Montieth,  who,  though  in  ill  health  himself,  remained  on 
duty  until  mustered  out  in  July,  1865,  dying  at  home  a few  weeks 
later,  a victim  of  his  conscientious  devotion  to  duty. 

On  the  10th  of  February,  1864,  101  of  the  enlisted  men  of  the 
8th  Indiana,  who  did  not  care  to  re-enlist  in  the  “veteran”  organ- 
ization, were  transferred  to  the  69th  to  serve  until  the  “veteran” 
organization  should  return  from  its  furlough.  They  were  assigned 


.346 


Indiana  at  Vicksbukg. 


to  companies  most  in  need  of  them  until  July  7th,  when  orders 
were  received  to  return  them  to  the  8th  Regiment  at  Algiers,  Louis- 
iana. To  Adjutant  Lacey  was  assigned  the  duty  of  making  the 
transfer. 

While  the  division  was  awaiting  orders  at  Matagorda  Island, 
there  was  a great  rivalry  between  regiments  in  drill,  guard  mount 
and  dress  parades,  which  resulted  in  a competitive  drill  under 
direction  of  a board  composed  of  the  following  named  officers : 
Col.  W.  D.  Washburn,  18th  Indiana;  Maj.  L.  B.  Huston,  23d  Iowa, 
and  Capt.  A.  B.  Cree,  22d  Iowa.  The  following  named  companies 
were  entered:  Company  K,  16th  Ohio;  Company  C,  34th  Iowa; 
Company  I,  49th  Indiana ; Company  A,  69th  Indiana,  and  Com- 
pany Iv,  114th  Ohio.  Six  points  of  excellence  were  allowed,  No.  5 
indicating  the  highest  mark  of  merit  in  each.  The  drill  took  place 
April  14,  1864,  in  the  presence  of  the  whole  division,  and  Company 
A,  69th  Indiana,  won  in  a total  of  24.  General  Lawler,  announcing 
the  result  in  General  Orders  No.  11,  added:  “All  companies  are 
entitled  to  praise.  The  report  reflects  great  credit  on  the  com- 
panies of  the  69tli  Indiana,  34th  Iowa  and  the  16th  Ohio,  showing 
that  they  have  attained  a degree  of  proficiency  in  drill  and  sol- 
dierly appearance  highly  praiseworthy  and  worthy  of  the  emula- 
tion of  the  brigade.” 

A steamship  from  New  Orleans  brought  the  news  of  Banks’  de- 
feat at  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  together  with  orders  for  Lawler’s  Di- 
vision to  reinforce  it  via  New  Orleans.  Losing  no  time  the  69tli 
Indiana  took  passage  at  Matagorda  Island,  April  20th,  on  a dilapi- 
dated tramp  steamer,  the  “Alabama,”  and  after  a stormy  passage, 
during  which  it  narrowly  escaped  shipwreck,  arrived  at  New  Or- 
leans, April  23d,  where  it  transferred  to  the  steamer  “Polar  Star” 
and  arrived  at  Alexandria  at  9 p.  m.,  April  27th. 

The  coming  of  Lawler’s  Division  was  a fortunate  thing  for 
Banks’  demoralized  army,  as  it  immediately  took  the  field,  drove 
Dick  Taylor’s  victorious  troops  back  for  twelve  miles,  where  it 
held  them  until  Banks’  troops  could  be  reorganized,  the  69th  taking- 
part  in  all  of  the  actions  covering  the  movement.  Prom  the  12th 
of  May  until  the  20th  the  regiment  performed  various  duties  in 
connection  with  protection  of  the  camp  and  fatigue  duty  on  the 
Bailey  Dam,  which  was  built  for  the  rescue  of  the  gunboat  fleet. 

The  return  of  Banks’  army  from  Alexandria  to  the  Mississippi 
River  began  May  12th,  covered  by  Lucas’  Cavalry  Division,  sup- 
ported by  Lawler’s  Infantry  Division,  and  was  the  most  exhaustive 


Sixty-Ninth  Infantry. 


347 


service  ever  experienced  by  the  69th  Regiment,  the  enemy  display- 
ing a most  persistent  activity  day  and  night  until  finally  checked 
by  defeat  at  Bellow  Bayou.  The  army  reached  Morganza  Bend, 
May  20th,  and  during  the  ensuing  summer  the  1st  Division,  to 
which  the  69th  still  belonged,  was  engaged  in  keeping  the  Missis- 
sippi River  open  to  traffic,  military  and  commercial.  The  regi- 
ment took  part  in  the  expeditions  to  Atehafalya,  White  River,  St. 
Charles,  Natchez  and  Baton  Rouge,  finally  being  ordered  from 
the  latter  place  to  Dauphin  Island,  Mobile  Bay,  where  it  reported 
to  Gen.  Gordon  Granger,  commanding  the  District  of  South  Ala- 
bama, on  December  7,  1864. 

Wilson ’s  Cavalry  was  making  a raid  from  the  Mississippi  River, 
which  was  threatening  Mobile,  in  support  of  which  General  Gran- 
ger, on  the  14th  of  December,  sent  a brigade  composed  of  the  69th. 
four  other  regiments  and  a battery  of  artillery  to  the  mainland  near 
Pascagoula,  where  connection  was  made  with  a portion  of  the  cav- 
alry. A scouting  party,  composed  of  the  69th  Indiana  and  one 
company  of  cavalry,  succeeded  in  approaching  within  eleven  miles 
of  Mobile,  but  the  force  under  General  Granger  being  too  small  to 
accomplish  any  practical  results,  it  was  withdrawn  to  Pascagoula 
on  Christmas  night. 

While  at  Pascagoula,  January  22d.  the  regiment  having  fallen 
below  the  standard  in  numbers,  was  consolidated  into  a battalion 
of  four  companies,  under  Special  Orders  No.  4.  M.  D.  W.  M.,  Jan- 
uary 4,  1865.  numbering  350  officers  and  men,  retaining  the  follow- 
ing named  officers : 


Lieut.-Col.  Oran  Perry Commanding. 

Lieut.  Maberry  M.  Lacey Adjutant. 

Lieut.  William  Mount Quartermaster. 

Capt.  J.  S.  Montieth Assistant  Surgeon. 

Captain.  1st  Lieutenant.  2d  Lieutenant. 

Co.  A.  George  C.  Garre  son,  Joseph  G.  Messick,  Alex.  Homey. 

Co.  B.  Lewis  K.  Harris,  John  Macy,  William  M.  Reeves. 

Co.  C.  David  Yount,  James  E.  Huston,  Charles  C.  Shredon. 

Co.  D.  Joseph  R.  Jackson,  Cordon  W.  Smith,  N.  B.  Cogshall. 


The  supernumerary  officers  mustered  out  were: 

Col.  T.  W.  Bennett,  Major  George  H.  Bonebrake, 

Capt.  John  Linville,  Co.  B.,  Capt.  W.  Wingett,  Co.  G., 

Capt.  Robert  K.  Collins,  Co.  I.,  Capt.  Jesse  Holton,  Co.  K., 

Lieut.  John  Goodnow,  Co.  I.,  Lieut.  Harvey  Zimmermann,  Co.  K. 

On  the  31st  of  January,  1865,  the  battalion  was  ordered  to  Bar- 
rancas, Florida,  where  it  was  assigned  to  the  2d  Brigade,  Col.  W. 
T.  Spic-ely,  2d  Division,  Gen.  C.  C.  Andrews,  13th  Army  Corps, 


348 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


serving  without  further  assignment  until  the  muster  out.  The  di- 
vision marched  to  Pensacola,  March  14th,  joining  Steele’s  ex- 
pedition, which  left  Pensacola  March  20th,  marching  through 
Florida  to  Pollard,  Alabama,  thence  westward  to  the  Alabama 
River,  joining  the  main  army  at  Blakely  on  April  1st.  While  on 
its  march  through  Florida,  the  69th,  with  two  other  regiments, 
supported  Lucas  ’ Cavalry  Division  in  its  fight  with  the  Confederate 
forces  under  General  Clanton,  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Escambia 
River,  during  which  General  Clanton  was  killed,  his  force  defeated, 
many  being  taken  prisoners,  while  the  rest  escaped  by  various 
fords.  To  make  the  victory  secure  and  provide  for  the  passage  of 
the  army  next  day,  the  69th  was  detailed  to  occupy  the  north  bank 
of  the  river  by  crossing,  during  the  night,  over  a half-mile  railroad 
trestle. 

After  the  advance  guard  had  safely  established  itself  on  the 
opposite  bank,  the  rest  of  the  battalion  followed  in  single  file,  each 
man  carrying  a pine  torch  to  light  the  way.  An  artist  for  Harper ’s 
Weekly  made  this  scene  the  subject  of  a wiercl  picture  for  his  paper. 

To  end  the  siege  on  Blakely  an  assault  of  the  works  was  ordered 
for  April  9th,  which  took  place  at  5:30  p.  m.,  participated  in  by  all 
of  the  Federal  troops,  resulting  in  the  capture  of  all  of  the  defenses 
of  Mobile  and  of  the  troops  defending  them,  together  with  all  of  the 
material  for  war.  It  occurred  on  the  day  of  Lee’s  surrender,  and 
was  virtually  the  last  battle  of  the  war.  Colonel  Perry  was  seri- 
ously wounded,  and  for  the  time  being  the  command  devolved  on 
Captain  Harris,  of  Company  B.  From  April  10th  to  18tli  the 
69th  Battalion  was  employed  in  guarding  prisoners  and  conduct- 
ing them  to  the  prison  camp  at  Ship  Island,  after  which  it  joined 
the  brigade  again  at  Blakely.  Practically  the  war  was  ended,  and 
for  a few  weeks  the  principal  duty  of  the  troopers  was  to  scour  the 
country,  picking  up  the  stray  detachments  of  the  enemy  still  under 
arms,  and  succoring  helpless  people,  Confederate  or  Union,  black 
or  white,  of  whom  there  were  many.  The  69th  finally  settled  down 
on  April  28th  in  a beautiful  camp  at  Selma,  Alabama,  where  it  en- 
joyed a good  rest  until  May  11th,  spending  the  most  of  the  time 
in  caring  for  the  stranded  Confederate  soldiers  who  straggled 
through  the  town  on  their  way  home. 

Colonel  Perry  returned  from  the  hospital  at  New  Orleans  on 
May  3d  and  again  resumed  command.  While  in  this  camp  at 
Selma,  it  became  the  fashion  of  the  town  to  attend  the  evening 
parade  of  the  69th,  and  it  was  not  an  uncommon  thing  to  have  sev- 


Sixty-Ninth  Infantry. 


349 


eral  hundred  spectators,  composed  of  ladies  and  gentlemen,  colored 
folks  and  a large  number  of  Confederate  officers  and  soldiers, 
whose  sincere  and  generous  applause  at  the  termination  of  the 
manual  at  arms  was  extremely  flattering  to  the  69th  men. 

The  Confederate  troops  east  of  the  Mississippi  having  surren- 
dered or  disbanded,  and  there  being  no  further  necessity  for  troops 
at  Selma  in  large  force,  the  2d  Division  was  ordered  to  Mobile,  the 
69th  Battalion  taking  passage  on  the  “Tarascan”  May  11th,  land- 
ing and  going  into  camp  three  miles  north  of  Mobile  on  May  13th. 
Here  the  “hard  up”  soldier  was  made  glad  by  a six  months’  pay. 

On  the  25th  of  May  occurred  the  terrific  explosion  of  the  am- 
munition depot  at  Mobile,  destroying  an  immense  amount  of  prop- 
erty and  killing  a large  number  of  people,  among  them  Frederick 
M.  Lasley,  Company  C,  69th  Indiana,  who  was  in  town  on  leave. 

The  battalion  was  ordered  into  the  city  on  the  27th,  camping  on 
Dauphine  street,  where  it  remained  until  its  departure  for  home. 
Here  for  the  first  time  during  the  entire  term  of  service  the  men 
had  absolute  rest,  no  enemy  to  disturb  them,  no  duties  to  perform, 
except  drill,  with  plenty  to  eat,  money  to  spend,  and  clothed  in  new 
full  dress  suits,  they  enjoyed  their  freedom  to  the  fullest  extent 
and  rapidly  developed  into  a strong,  healthy  lot  of  men. 

The  conduct  of  the  men  while  in  this  camp  was  such  as  to  com- 
pel the  admiration  and  win  the  respect  and  friendship  of  the  cit- 
izens in  the  neighborhood,  whose  good  opinion  was  voiced  by  a very 
flattering  editorial  in  the  Mobile  Register,  whose  interests  and 
sympathies  all  were  with  the  South,  and  coming  as  it  did,  so  soon 
after  the  close  of  a bitter  civil  Avar,  was  indeed  a remarkable  com- 
pliment. 

About  this  time  the  government  was  concentrating  an  army  on 
the  Rio  Grande,  under  command  of  General  Phil  Sheridan,  with  the 
intention  of  driving  the  French  out  of  Mexico.  All  of  the  troops  at 
Mobile  were  included  in  the  order,  and  the  69th  only  escaped  the 
service  because  of  a lack  of  transportation,  which  delayed  it  until 
an  order  came  to  muster  out  of  service  all  troops  Avhose  term 
would  expire  before  October  1st.  "With  the  exception  of  the  re- 
cruits who  Avere  transferred  to  the  24th  Indiana  to  finish  their  term 
of  service,  the  69th  was  mustered  out  on  July  5th,  and  next  day 
departed  for  home  on  the  steamer  “White  Cloud,”  transferring  at 
NeAV  Orleans  to  the  “Silver  Moon,”  arriving  at  Evansville,  Indi- 
ana, 6 a.  m.,  July  15th.  It  was  the  first  organization  to  return 
from  the  Avar  through  that  city.  Early  as  it  was,  the  whole  popu- 


350 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


lation  seemed  to  have  turned  out  to  welcome  it,  and  the  ovation  it 
received  was  flattering  in  the  extreme.  The  event  was  chronicled 
by  the  Evansville  Journal  of  the  17tli  in  an  article  highly  com- 
plimentary to  the  discipline  of  the  command,  which  is  inserted 
below : 

“RETURNING  HOME. 

“The  ‘Silver  Moon'  arrived  here  on  Saturday  morning,  early,  having  on 
board  the  G9th  Indiana  regiment,  about  SOU  strong,  en  route  for  Indianap- 
olis to  be  mustered  out  of  service. 

“Lieutenant  Colonel  Perry  was  in  command,  and  the  men  looked 
hearty  and  robust. 

"They  were  directly  from  Mobile,  and  went  forward  by  the  regular 
mail  train  for  Indianapolis. 

“Their  conduct  while  in  the  city  awaiting  the  hour  for  the  train  to 
leave,  was  in  the  highest  degree  creditable,  and  illustrated  the  fact  that 
Indiana  soldiers  are  as  gentlemanly  among  their  friends  as  they  are  ter- 
rible to  their  foes. 

“Captain  Conway,  of  the  ‘Silver  Moon’  boasted  of  their  good  conduct 
on  the  trip,  assuring  us  that  there  had  not  been  a single  man  among  them 
in  the  least  degree  intoxicated,  disorderly  or  disobliging  to  the  officers  of 
the  boat  on  the  entire  trip  from  New  Orleans. 

"Their  appearance,  as  they  marched  up  Main  Street,  was  the  subject 
of  warm  eulogy. 

“A  number  of  them  had  brought  with  them  from  the  South  mocking- 
birds and  other  pets,  and  we  noticed  one  bronzed  veteran  with  a large 
chicken  cock  perched  cozily  upon  his  knapsack,  which  looked  as  if  he  had 
been  through  the  heavy  campaigns  with  the  regiment.” 

The  battalion  arrived  at  Indianapolis  July  15th,  at  8:45  p.  m., 
detrained  in  a drenching  rain  and  was  quartered  in  the  Soldiers’ 
Home  for  the  night  and  moved  to  Camp  Carrington  next  morning, 
Sunday. 

The  Journal  of  Monday,  July  17th,  had  the  following: 

"RECEPTION  TOMORROW. 

“The  G9th  Regiment.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Perry  commanding,  number- 
ing about  350  men,  arrived  from  Mobile  on  Saturday  evening  and  will  be 
received  with  the  customary  honors  tomorrow.” 

Under  date  of  July  18th,  the  Journal  also  says: 

“The  G9th  will  be  inspected  and  have  an  exhibition  drill  in  the  State 
House  yard  at  1 p.  m.  The  G9th  is  an  old  and  well-drilled  regiment,  and 
will  doubtless  make  a good  display.” 


Sixty-Ninth  Infantry. 


351 


"KECEi'TIOX  OF  SOI.LHEKS 

"The  SStl).  4Sth.  59th,  (>9lh.  and  142cl  regiments  and  Oth  and  25ih  bat- 
teries. (Indianapolis  Journal,  Wednesday.  July  19.  1805.) 

"The  reception  of  the  veteran  soldiers  yesterday  exceeded  anything 
since  the  war  commenced.  At  least  3.000  veteran  sunburned  heroes  were 
in  the  State  House  yard.  How  shall  we  describe  the  faces  of  these  de- 
termined men  who  have  made  the  battlefield  their  home  for  four  long  and 
bloody  years?  It  cannot  be  done  except  by  saying  that  honesty,  heroism 
and  simplicity  mark  their  features.  They  look  as  if  they  were  all  ready 
to  do  or  die  for  their  country  and  they  have  proved  it  by  their  works.” 

Then  followed  the  speeches  of  Governor  Morton,  Chaplain  Lo- 
zier and  Generals  Hovey.  Bennett  and  Chapman. 

Wednesday,  the  19th.  was  spent  in  turning  in  arms  and  equip- 
ment, and  on  the  20th  the  men  of  the  battalion  drew  their  last  pay 
and  received  their  final  discharge,  and  then  this  fine  organization 
melted  away  into  the  currents  of  civil  life  like  snow  before  the  sun. 

It  began  its  career  with  exactly  1.000  officers  and  men,  to  which 
had  been  added  seventy-four  recruits,  making  an  aggregate  of 
1.074,  and  had  seen  service  in  eleven  States. 

It  had  lost  in  killed  3 officers  and  77  enlisted  men,  a total  of  80, 
and  by  disease,  wounds,  drowning  and  accident  3 officers  and  248 
enlisted  men.  a.  death  roll  of  331. 

Four  hundred  and  twenty-two  officers  and  men  had  been  lost  to 
the  organization  by  resignation  or  discharge  for  wounds,  or  phys- 
ical disability,  or  transfer  of  recruits  to  other  regiments. 

Sixteen  officers  and  305  enlisted  men,  a total  of  321,  were  mus- 
tered out,  whose  average  age  was  a little  over  25  years. 


Monument  of  S3d  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

2d  BRIGADE  2d  DIVISION  15th  CORPS 
83d  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Benjamin  J.  Spooner 

Engaged:  Assault,  May  19;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4.  Casualties:  Killed  10 
wounded  56,  total  66;  Captain  Metellus  Calvert  and  Captain  John  M.  Cresswell  killed. 


(352) 


EIGHTY-THIRD  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  83d  Indiana  Infantry  Avas  organized  in  the  4th  Congres- 
sional District,  composed  of  the  counties  of  Dearborn,  Ripley,  Ohio, 
Decatur  and  Jennings,  and  Avas  rendezvoused  at  Lawrenceburg. 
The  regiment  Avas  composed  of  nine  companies  of  three  years’  vol- 
unteer men  and  Avas  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States 
in  September.  1862,  with  the  folloAving  officers: 


FIELD  AND  STAFF. 


Benjamin  J.  Spooner, 
James  H.  Cravens. . . 

James  S.  Jelley 

George  R.  Robinson 

George  D.  Tate 

James  M.  Crawford. 

Samuel  Davis 

William  Gillispie. . 


Colonel. 

Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Major. 

Adjutant. 

Quartermaster. 

Chaplain. 

Surgeon. 

Assistant  Surgeon. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 


Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

Co.  A. 

Samuel  P.  Chipman, 

Orin  T.  Darling, 

Wm.  H.  Snodgrass. 

Co.  B. 

Jacob  W.  Eggleston, 

Henry  Gerkin, 

DandridgeE.  Kelsey. 

Co.  C. 

Metellus  Calvert, 

Benjamin  North, 

Thomas  Shehane. 

Co  D. 

John  Lemuel, 

John  M.  Fender, 

William  M.  Dunn,  Jr. 

Co.  E. 

Robert  W.  Loyd, 

William  R.  Lanius, 

Benjamin  Bridges. 

Co.  F. 

Benjamin  H.  Myers, 

John  H.  Roerty, 

Oliver  P.  McCullough. 

Co.  G. 

George  W.  Morris, 

George  Oldt, 

Levi  M.  Hazen, ' 

Co.  H. 

James  M.  Crawford, 

John  Rawling, 

Ferris  J.  Nowlin. 

Co.  I. 

Henry  J.  Bradford, 

William  N.  Craw, 

George  W.  Lowe. 

Co.  K. 

John  M.  Cresswell, 

Eli  F.  Scott, 

James  H.  St.  John. 

The  regiment  Avas  supplied  with  Company  D of  nine  months’ 
drafted  men,  who  joined  the  regiment  at  Memphis,  Tennessee,  and 
Avere  discharged  November  15,  1862,  their  term  of  enlistment  hav- 
ing expired.  These  men  performed  their  duty  Avell  during  their 
term  of  service. 

Lieut.  William  M.  Dunn,  Jr.,  of  Madison,  Indiana,  Avas  made 
first  lieutenant  of  Company  F,  of  the  83d,  for  three-year  service, 
and  Avas  afterwards,  at  the  personal  request  of  General  Grant,  de- 
tailed for  staff  duty  and  promoted  captain  and  assistant  adjutant- 
general,  and  served  on  the  staff  of  General  Grant  until  the  close  of 
the  Avar. 

The  regiment  remained  at  Camp  Laz  Noble,  near  LaAvrenceburg, 
until  November,  doing  picket  duty  along  the  Ohio  River,  and 
guarding  the  railroad  bridge  across  the  Miami  River.  Having 
been  supplied  Avith  Belgian  rifles,  it  was  instructed  in  the  manual 


[23] 


(353) 


354 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


of  arms  and  company  and  regimental  drill  by  Colonel  Spooner, 
who  proved  to  be  a splendid  drillmaster  and  a good  disciplinarian. 

On  October  11th  the  regiment  was  given  a three  clays’  furlough 
to  return  to  their  homes  and  participate  in  the  state  election,  and 
every  man  returned  promptly  on  time. 

November  7.  1862,  the  regiment  broke  camp  and  went  by  rail 
to  Cairo,  Illinois,  where  it  embarked  on  the  steamer  “Dakota”  for 
Memphis,  Tennessee.  Arriving  there  on  the  1 1tli,  it  went  into 
Camp  Ben  Spooner,  east  of  the  city.  November  25th  general 
orders  were  read,  which  assigned  the  83d  to  the  2d  Brigade,  com- 
manded by  Col.  Thomas  Kilby  Smith  (afterwards  commanded  by 
Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  A.  J.  Lightburn)  ; 2d  Division,  commanded  by 
Maj.  Gen.  Frank  P.  Blair;  15th  Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  William  T.  Sher- 
man. 

The  regiment  participated  in  the  expedition  to  the  Tallahatchie 
and  returned  to  Memphis  on  the  10th  of  December,  having  marched 
150  miles. 

General  Sherman,  having  completed  the  organization  of  his 
forces  for  a campaign  against  Vicksburg,  his  entire  force  was,  on 
the  morning  of  December  20,  1862,  embarked  on  some  fifty  or  sixty 
steamboats,  the  83d  being  assigned  to  the  “Sioux  City,”  a leaky  old 
tub,  and  under  convoy  of  Commodore  Porter’s  fleet  of  gunboats, 
floated  down  the  Father  of  Waters  to  take  part  in  the  disastrous 
attack  at  Chickasaw  Bluffs,  a strongly  fortified  position  on  the 
north  and  east  of  Vicksburg. 

December  26th  the  fleet  passed  out  of  the  Mississippi  and 
ascending  the  Yazoo  River  some  five  miles,  disembarked  at  John- 
son’s plantation  and  went  into  camp.  The  next  morning  the 
line  of  battle  was  advanced  and  soon  encountered  the  enemy  and 
drove  in  their  advanced  line  and  by  9 o’clock  the  roar  of  battle 
was  on.  Severe  fighting  was  kept  up  until  the  night  of  January 
1st,  when  our  army  quietly  slipped  away,  and  re-embarked  and 
steamed  down  the  Yazoo  into  the  Mississippi.  In  this  engagement 
the  83d  lost  in  killed,  Lieutenant  Bridges,  Company  E,  and  3 en- 
listed men,  and  one  officer,  Adjutant  Robinson,  and  15  men 
wounded. 

The  night  of  December  30th  will  be  remembered  as  one  of  the 
most  dismal  of  the  regiment’s  three  years’  service.  Our  position 
was  on  low  ground,  covered  with  a heavy  forest  of  cypress  timber. 
All  night  long  the  rain  came  down  in  torrents,  and  from  the  bluffs 
the  enemy  kept  up  a continuous  fire  from  their  heavy  guns  and  the 
shells  came  crashing  through  the  timber,  several  men  being  wounded 


Eighty-Third  Infantry. 


355 


by  falling  limbs.  The  army  had  no  tents  and  could  build  no  fires, 
as  they  would  be  targets  for  the  enemy. 

On  the  night  of  January  1,  1863,  Sherman’s  army  withdrew 
from  in  front  of  the  enemy,  re-embarked  on  the  boats  and  passed 
down  the  Yazoo  into  the  Mississippi,  thence  moved  up  to  Milliken’s 
Bend,  where  it  lay  until  the  morning  of  January  6th. 

The  fleet  of  steamboats  moved  up  to  the  mouth  of  White  River 
and  up  to  the  cut-off  and  into  the  Arkansas  River  to  “Old  Arkansas 
Post,”  which  was  strongly  fortified  with  a number  of  heavy  guns 
and  about  5.000  troops.  Our  troops  disembarked  on  the  evening 
of  the  10th  and  by  1 o’clock  of  the  11th  had  the  enemy  closely  in- 
vested. Porter’s  fleet  of  gunboats  had  dismounted  the  heavy  guns 
on  the  water  front  and  had  dismantled  the  forts,  and  at  4 o’clock 
an  assault  was  made  along  the.  whole  line,  which  was  entirely  suc- 
cessful, and  over  5,000  prisoners  and  8.000  stand  of  arms  were 
captured.  The  83d  lost  4 men  killed  and  15  wounded  in  this  en- 
gagement. 

After  completing  the  dismantling  of  the  fort  and  gathering  up 
the  spoils  of  war,  the  army  again  embarked  on  the  boats  and  passed 
down  the  Arkansas  into  the  Mississippi,  and  down  that  river  to 
Young’s  Point,  on  the  Louisiana  side,  and  nearly  opposite  Vicks- 
burg. There  it  disembarked  and  went  into  camp  on  the  21st  of 
January,  1863.  It  rained  almost  constantly  for  more  than  thirty 
days  and  the  country  around  being  naturally  low.  the  camp  soon 
became  so  wet  and  muddy  that  it  was  almost  impossible  to  get 
around,  and  soon  one-half  the  men  in  the  entire  command  were 
sick  and  were  dying  by  the  hundreds.  The  dead  march  of  the  fife 
and  muffled  drum  and  the  report  of  the  firing  scpiad  could  be  heard 
constantly  from  morning  until  night. 

This  and  the  dissension  caused  by  the  President’s  Emancipation 
Proclamation  created  conditions  which  were  the  darkest  the  Army 
of  the  Tennessee  passed  through.  March  17th,  the  83d,  with  the  2d 
Division,  embarked  on  transports  and  passed  up  the  river  a few  miles 
where  it  disembarked  and  marched  to  a point  on  the  Big  Sunflower 
River  to  the  relief  of  five  of  Porter’s  gunboats,  that  were  in  danger 
of  being  captured  by  the  enemy,  and  after  some  severe  skirmishing 
with  the  enemy,  in  which  the  83d  lost  one  man  killed,  the  expedi- 
tion returned  to  camp  at  Young’s  Point.  April  29th  the  divi- 
sion again  embarked  on  boats  and  ascended  the  Yazoo  River  and 
made  a demonstration  against  Haynes’  Bluff,  which  was  strongly 
fortified.  A part  of  Porter’s  gunboats  were  there  and  a severe 
artillery  battle  was  kept  up  for  some  hours,  dismounting  some  of 


356 


Indiana  at  Vicksbukg. 


the  enemy’s  heavy  guns.  This  demonstration  was  made  to  divert 
the  attention  of  the  enemy  from  Grant’s  main  movement  below 
Vicksburg. 

On  May  1st  the  regiment  returned  to  its  old  camp,  and  on  the 
following  day  moved  by  transports  to  Milliken’s  Bend  on  the 
Louisiana  side.  On  the  7th  it  moved  on  the  march  by  way  of  Rich- 
mond, Louisiana,  to  join  Sherman  and  the  15tli  Corps,  which  was 
then  on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi  River,  and  reached  Hard 
Times,  opposite  Grand  Gulf,  where  it  crossed  the  river  on  the  even- 
ing of  the  11th  on  transports  which  had  run  the  batteries  at  Vicks- 
burg. On  the  next  morning  it  again  took  up  the  march  and 
reached  Raymond  on  the  15th. 

The  83d  was  not  engaged  in  the  battle  at  Champion’s  Hill,  but 
was  held  in  reserve  on  the  extreme  left,  and  with  its  division  re- 
joined the  15th  Corps  on  the  17th  at  Big  Black  River.  May  18th 
it  crossed  the  Big  Black  River  and  began  the  march  on  Vicksburg, 
and  at  2 p.  m.  began  skirmishing  with  the  enemy  near  the  outer 
works  and  drove  them  inside  their  strong  line  of  fortifications. 
May  19th  Grant’s  entire  army  had  got  into  position  and  soon  heavy 
skirmishing  began  all  along  the  line  and  our  artillery  was  thunder- 
ing at  their  forts,  which  was  kept  up  until  2 pirn.,  when  an  assault 
by  our  entire  army  was  ordered  and  executed,  but  met  with  a 
bloody  repulse.  The  83d  lost  two  captains  killed,  Captain  Calvert, 
of  Company  C,  and  Captain  Cresswell,  of  Company  K ; and  Cap- 
tain Chipman  and  22  enlisted  men,  killed  and  wounded. 

On  the  20th,  the  83d  was  detailed  to  guard  a supply  train  and 
build  a corduroy  road  and  a bridge  across  the  Chickasaw  Bayou,  in 
order  to  get  supplies  from  the  transports  on  the  Yazoo  River.  It 
returned  at  midnight  of  the  21st,  after  completing  the  work,  to  its 
position  with  the  Division,  hungry  and  weak,  and  having  had  no 
rest  for  two  days  and  nights. 

The  83d  participated  in  the  assault  upon  the  enemy’s  works  on 
the  22d  and  furnished  part  of  the  150  volunteers  who  assaulted 
Fort  Shoup,  which  was  in  immediate  front.  Each  man  carried  a 
rail  or  pole  to  assist  the  men  in  crossing  the  trenches  in  front  of  the 
fort.  Many  of  the  men  succeeded  in  reaching  the  trenches,  but 
were  unable  to  cross  and  were  compelled  to  retire  with  heavy  loss. 
The  failure  of  our  entire  army  to  get  possession  of  any  part  of  their 
impregnable  fortifications  convinced  General  Grant  that  it  was  a 
useless  sacrifice  of  men  to  again  assault  the  rebel  works,  and  his 
army  settled  down  to  a regular  siege. 


Eighty-Ti  tiRD  Infantry. 


357 


The  83d  formed  a part  of  the  expeditionary  force  under  the 
command  of  General  Blair  and  marched,  May  27th,  to  Mechanics- 
burg  and  Yazoo  City.  This  expedition  was  made  for  the  purpose 
of  ascertaining  whether  the  enemy  was  concentrating  an  army  in 
the  rear  of  General  Grant’s  forces  or  not.  It  returned  June  4th 
and  took  position  on  the  right  of  the  2d  Division,  in  the  investment 
line,  and  made  an  approach  to  the  stockade,  or  lunette,  in  its  front. 
The  83d  remained  in  the  trenches  and  assisted  in  digging  trenches, 
saps  and  mines,  and  was  constantly  on  duty  with  pick  and  shovel  or 
sharpshooting,  until  the  4th  of  July,  when  the  Confederate  General 
Pemberton  surrendered. 

The  regiment  formed  a part  of  the  army  under  General  Sher- 
man, and  on  July  6tli  started  in  pursuit  of  General  Johnston’s 
army,  which  had  been  organized  to  relieve  Vicksburg,  and  on  the 
day  that  Pemberton  surrendered  was  but  ten  miles  from  Grant’s 
forces.  On  the  approach  of  Sherman’s  forces  Johnston  retired  be- 
hind the  strong  fortifications  around  Jackson,  where  he  withstood  a 
siege  until  the  night  of  the  16th  of  July,  when  he  quietly  slipped 
away  with  all  of  his  artillery  and  supplies,  and  Sherman’s  forces 
took  possession  of  the  city.  After  destroying  the  railroad  for  sev- 
eral miles  east  of  Jackson,  the  army  returned  to  the  west  side  of  Big 
Black  River,  where  it  went  into  camp  and  remained  for  several 
weeks,  during  which  time  5 per  cent,  of  the  army  was  furloughed 
home  for  thirty  days.  Among  those  furloughed  were  the  men  who 
volunteered  to  storm  the  rebel  fort  on  May  22. 

On  the  27th  of  September  the  83d,  with  Sherman’s  15th  Corps, 
marched  to  Vicksburg,  and  embarked  on  steamers  for  Memphis, 
Tennessee,  where  they  arrived  October  4th. 

On  the  7th  the  regiment  turned  in  their  old  Belgian  rifles  to 
the  ordnance  department  and  received  in  exchange  new  Springfield 
rifles,  and  on  the  8tli,  with  Sherman’s  army,  started  on  their  long- 
march  across  country  to  Chattanooga,  arriving  at  Corinth,  Missis- 
sippi, on  the  15th  and  at  Cherokee  Station  on  the  20th,  where  they 
remained  until  the  26th,  when  it  again  moved  toward  Tuscumbia, 
skirmishing  with  the  enemy  constantly,  and  drove  them  out  of  the 
latter  city,  continuing  the  march  to  Eastport,  where  it  received 
two  months’  pay.  On  the  1st  and  2d  of  November  the  army  crossed 
the  Tennessee  River  and  continued  the  march  through  Florence, 
Alabama ; Pulaski  and  Fayetteville,  Tennessee.  On  the  9tli  the 
army  turned  to  the  right,  leaving  the  Winchester  road,  passed 
through  Newmarket,  Scottsboro.  Bridgeport  and  Shell  Mound.  On 


358 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


the  21st  it  passed  in  full  view  of  Lookout  Mountain  and  camped 
on  the  battlefield  of  General  Hooker,  in  the  valley,  and  during  the 
night  silently  crossed  the  Tennessee  River  and  captured  the  enemy’s 
pickets  and  took  up  the  long,  tedious  march  up  the  slopes  of  Mis- 
sion Ridge  with  little  opposition. 

At  9 a.  m.,  on  the  25th  of  November,  the  83d  was  detailed  to 
support  a battery  on  Lightburn  Hill,  called  such  in  honor  of  Gen- 
eral Lightburn,  commander  of  the  2d  Brigade,  which  so  gallantly 
charged  and.  captured  this  hill  on  the  24tli.  On  the  25th  a great 
victory  was  gained  and  Bragg’s  army  was  completely  routed,  and 
the  83d,  with  its  division,  pursued  the  fleeing  army  for  two  days, 
when  the  division  was  ordered  to  return  and  build  a bridge  across 
Chickamauga  Creek,  which  the  enemy  had  destroyed  in  their  re- 
treat. It  arrived  on  the  morning  of  the  27th  and  on  December 
3d  had  the  bridge  completed. 

December  13tli  the  army  was  again  on  the  move  and  passed 
through  Chattanooga,  recrossed  the  Tennessee  River  and  through 
Shell  Mount  to  Bridgeport,  Alabama.  Here  the  83cl  was  supposed 
to  pass  the  winter,  but  soon  broke  camp  and  was  on  the  march  to 
Bellefonte,  where  it  arrived  on  the  29th  and  again  began  to  prepare 
winter  quarters,  but  was  once  more  bitterly  disappointed.  It  broke 
camp  and  marched  to  Larkensville,  Alabama,  where  splendid  win- 
ter quarters  were  built  and  occupied  until  the  11th  of  February, 
1864,  when  the  regiment  left  its  comfortable  quarters  and  took  up 
the  march,  by  way  of  Chattanooga,  to  Cleveland,  Tennessee,  where 
it  arrived  on  the  6tli  of  March  and  again  camped  in  the  old  quar- 
ters. 

During  the  mouth  of  March  Colonel  Spooner  returned  to  the 
regiment  after  an  absence  on  account  of  sickness,  and  was  soon 
afterward  presented  with  a handsome  sword,  box  and  belt,  which 
cost  $350.00,  by  the  noncommissioned  officers  and  the  privates  of 
the  regiment,  as  a mark  of  esteem  and  admiration  which  they  had 
for  him  as  a man  and  soldier.  On  its  reception  the  Colonel  thanked 
them  in  eloquent  and  patriotic  terms. 

May  1st  the  army,  under  General  Sherman,  broke  camp  and 
marched  by  way  of  Bridgeport  and  Chattanooga  over  the  Chicka- 
mauga battleground,  through  Snake  Creek,  Cap  and  Horn  Moun- 
tains, and  on  May  13th  moved  on  Resaca  and  drove  the  enemy  into 
their  strong  fortifications.  On  the  next  day  the  83d  was  a part 
of  the  assaulting  column  which  charged  and  captured  a part  of  the 
enemy’s  line,  and  soon  afterwards  they  attempted  to  regain  this, 
but  were  repulsed  with  heavy  loss.  During  the  afternoon  the  army 


Eighty-Third  Infantry. 


359 


charged  the  works  that  protected  Resaca  and  the  conflict  raged 
until  night  put  a stop  to  the  bloody  assault.  During  the  day  and 
night  of  the  15tli  the  enemy  abandoned  their  defenses  from  Rocky 
Face,  to  Resaca.  On  the  morning  of  the  16tli  Sherman’s  army 
started  in  pursuit,  the  15tli  Corps  being  on  the  extreme  right.  It 
crossed  the  Saluda  River  and  marched  to  Kingston,  arriving  there 
on  the  20th  and  at  Dallas  on  the  26th.  where  it  struck  the  enemy’s 
pickets  and  drove  them  into  their  strong  fortifications  around 
Dallas.  On  the  27th  protecting  defenses  were  built  in  front,  under 
a galling  fire  by  the  enemy,  which  was  continued  until  the  evening 
of  the  28th.  when  the  enemy  assaulted  the  83d ’s  position  and  were 
repelled  with  heavy  loss.  The  83d  lost  two  men  killed  and  wounded 
in  this  assault. 

Heavy  skirmish  firing  was  kept  up  until  the  night  of  June  4th, 
when  the  enemy  withdrew.  On  the  10th  the  army  marched  to  Big 
Shanty  and  found  the  enemy  occupying  Kenesaw  Mountain. 

During  the  following  three  weeks,  the  83d  was  constantly  en- 
gaged on  the  skirmish  line  and  in  fortifying  and  advancing  the  line, 
and  on  the  27th  participated  in  the  general  assault  on  “Little  Ken- 
esaw.” which  proved  to  be  one  of  the  most  deadly  contests  of  the 
war,  and  the  83d  was  particularly  unfortunate  in  the  loss  of  19 
men  killed  and  wounded,  and  noble  Colonel  Spooner,  who  fell  with 
a shattered  arm,  which  subsequently  had  to  be  amputated  at  the 
shoulder. 

After  participating  in  the  battles  of  Resaca,  Dallas,  New  Hope 
Church,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  the  repulse  of  Hood’s  army  and  the 
battle  of  Jonesboro,  the  83d,  with  the  15th  Corps,  moved  northward 
in  the  pursuit  of  Hood’s  army  and  aided  in  driving  the  enemy  into 
northern  Alabama.  It  then  returned  to  Atlanta,  having  marched 
425  miles. 

General  Sherman’s  army  remained  in  camp  in  and  near  Atlanta 
until  about  the  middle  of  November.  1864,  getting  a much-needed 
rest,  and  most  of  the  troops  were  supplied  with  new  uniforms  and 
many  other  necessary  articles. 

November  14.  1864.  General  Sherman’s  army  of  well-seasoned, 
true  and  tried  soldiers  began  his  ever-memorable  March  to  the  Sea, 
which  has  been  shouted  and  sung  by  every  loyal  soldier  and  citizen 
in  the  land,  and  will  ever  remain  one  of  the  greatest  campaigns  and 
marches  in  the  history  of  all  wars.  It  reached  Savannah  Decem- 
ber 21st.  The  83d  took  part,  with  its  command,  in  the  wonderful 
expedition  and  assault  of  Fort  McAllister,  near  Savannah,  which 
opened  Sherman’s  communication  with  the  sea. 


360 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


After  the  assault  and  capture  of  Fort  McAllister,  the  83d,  with 
its  division,  marched  thirty  miles  to  McIntyre  Station,  on  the  Gulf 
Railroad,  and  for  two  days  was  engaged  in  tearing  up  the  railroad, 
burning  the  ties  and  twisting  the  rails,  and  doing  all  the  damage 
possible,  in  order  to  put  the  road  out  of  commission,  and  returned 
to  camp  near  Savannah  on  the  21st.  On  the  evening  of  the  22d 
news  came  that  the  enemy  had  evacuated  Savannah.  This  opened 
Sherman’s  “Cracker”  line  with  the  sea.  The  2d  Division  remained 
here  in  camp  until  the  9th  of  January,  1865,  when  the  regiment 
moved  into  the  city  and  camped  near  the  docks,  on  a vacant  square, 
where  the  83d  was  on  duty  at  the  wharf  until  the  15th,  when  it 
was  relieved  and  moved  some  miles  down  the  Savannah  River  to 
Fort  Thunderbolt,  where,  on  the  16th,  it  embarked  on  the  steamer 
“Delaware”  and  at  sunset  the  same  day  arrived  at  Beaufort,  South 
Carolina,  and  disembarked  on  the  17th  and  went  into  camp  on  the 
outer  edge  of  the  city,  where  it  remained  until  the  27th,  waiting 
for  the  remainder  of  the  army  to  come  up.  On  the  28th  the  army 
was  reviewed  by  General  Sherman.  The  field  officers  all  being  ab- 
sent, the  command  fell  to  Captain  Craw,  of  Company  I. 

On  the  29th  Sherman’s  army  began  the  march  through  the 
Carolinas.  The  troops,  after  their  long  marches  and  the  many 
battles  and  skirmishes  followed  by  a good  rest,  were  in  splendid 
condition  and  spirits.  Their  haversaks  were  full  of  rations  and 
their  heads  were  full  of  knowledge.  Every  American  soldier,  after 
two  or  three  years  of  service,  becomes  a past  master  in  the  science 
of  war,  and  they  knew  that  their  march  to  the  sea  was  the  death 
knell  to  the  Southern  Confederacy,  and  after  four  years  of  war, 
and  its  thousand  battles,  they  were  on  their  last  march. 

As  the  83d  marched  by  Division  Headquarters,  General  Ilazen 
was  watching,  and  seemed  especially  pleased  with  the  jolly  good 
nature  of  the  men  and  their  well-filled  haversacks  and  knapsacks, 
and  some  wag  in  the  regiment  called  cut,  “General,  we  are  draw- 
ing nine  feet  of  water.”  The  general  gave  back  a good-natured 
smile  in  response. 

On  the  march  from  Savannah  to  Goldsborough,  the  83d  partici- 
pated in  the  engagements  at  Columbia,  South  Carolina,  and  Ben 
tonville,  North  Carolina.  The  army  reached  Goldsborough,  North 
Carolina,  March  24th,  where  it  took  a much-needed  rest  for  a few 
days.  The  83d  was  detailed  for  provost  duty  in  the  city,  where  it 
served  until  April  10th.  when  it  joined  its  division  and  the  corps 
and  Sherman’s  army  was  once  more  on  the  move  to  attack  Gen. 
Joseph  E.  Johnston,  who  was  supposed  to  be  at  Raleigh  with  a large 


Eighty-Third  Infantry. 


361 


army,  strongly  fortified.  The  army  crossed  the  Weldon  and  Wil- 
mington Railroad  at  Pikeville  and  camped  one  mile  from  the  town, 
having  marched  eighteen  miles,  and  the  following  day  marched  to 
Lowell  Mills,  and  before  camp  was  broken  the  'following  morning 
news  was  received  of  Lee’s  surrender  to  Lieutenant-General  Grant, 
which  produced  a sensation  in  Sherman’s  army  that  cannot  be  de- 
scribed in  words.  A deafening  roar  of  cheering  started  and  it  was 
taken  up  by  the  men  along  the  miles  of  camping  ground  that 
sounded  like  the  distant  roar  of  thunder,  and  echoed  and  re-echoed 
like  the  wailing  of  a dying  storm.  Men  climbed  into  the  trees  and 
yelled,  hugged  each  other,  and  rolled  on  the  ground  until  worn  out. 

The  army  again  took  up  the  march  and  reached  Raleigh  on  the 
14th  of  April  and  marched  through  the  streets  of  the  capital,,  com- 
pany front,  and  went  into  camp  near  the  city.  This  was  the  end  of 
the  pursuit  of  Johnston,  for  he  had  made  terms  with  General  Sher- 
man. 

The  Sundays  were  spent  at  the  camp  very  pleasantly,  going  into 
the  city  almost  at  pleasure  until  the  29th.  On  the  27tli  the  whole 
army  was  reviewed  by  Lieutenant-General  Grant.  About  the  20th 
word  was  received  of  the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln,  which 
produced  the  most  intense  indignation  among  the  men  of  every 
class,  and  the  deepest  sorrow  was  expressed  by  all. 

On  the  29tli  of  April  the  whole  army  broke  camp  for  its  last 
march,  which  led  through  Raleigh,  Petersburg.  Richmond  and  Fred- 
ericksburg to  Washington.  Camped  near  Alexandria  May  20th. 
and  on  the  23d  the  army  moved  to  near  Longbridge  and  prepared 
for  the  grand  review,  which  took  place  May  24th,  and  the  83d 
formed  a part  of  the  grand  review  of  Grant’s  and  Sherman’s  vic- 
torious armies. 

After  the  review  the  83d  went  into  camp  a few  miles  north  of 
the  capital,  where  it  remained  until  June  3d,  when  it  was  mustered 
out  of  the  United  States  service.  At  6 o’clock  a.  m.,  the  regiment, 
on  June  5,  1865,  broke  camp  for  the  last  time  after  nearly  three 
years  of  active  service,  and  marched  into  Washington  with  some 
other  Indiana  troops  and  took  the  train  for  Indianapolis.  The 
transportation  consisted  of  forty-six  box  cars  without  seats,  but  the 
war  was  over  and  the  boys  were  getting  home,  and  the  absence  of 
parlor  cars  and  cushion  seats  had  no  terrors  for  the  heroes  of  a 
hundred  battles,  who  had  not  seen  their  loved  ones  for  long,  weary 
years.  The  regiment  arrived  at  Indianapolis  Saturday,  June  10th, 
and  vc as  marched  to  the  Soldiers  ’ Home,  where  it  had  dinner,  after 
which  it  was  escorted  by  the  city  military  band  to  the  ordnance 


362 


Indiana  at  Vicksbukg. 


depot,  where  it,  for  the  first  time,  surrendered  its  guns  and  equip- 
ment and  was  then  escorted  to  the  State  House  and  came  to  a 
‘‘front”  at  the  speaker’s  stand.  Forty  rounds  were  fired  as  a 
salute  to  the  heroes  now  returned,  crowned  with  victory  and  honor. 

Governor  Morton,  the  soldiers’  idol,  then  addressed  the  returned 
soldiers  who  were  present,  in  glowing  words,  thanking  them  for 
their  loyal  service  to  the  State  and  to  the  Union,  which  was  re- 
sponded to  on  behalf  of  the  83d  by  General  Spooner,  the  83d ’s  first 
colonel.  General  Iiovey  and  others  also  made  remarks. 

After  the  reception  the  83d  marched  to  Camp  Carring® n, 
where  it  remained  until  Monday,  June  12th,  when  it  was  finally 
discharged,  and  upon  receipt  of  their  pay  every  man,  once  more  a 
free  American  citizen,  went  quietly  to  his  home  and  loved  ones. 

The  original  enrollment  of  the  83d  Regiment  consisted  of  nine 
companies  with  39  commissioned  officers,  and  enlisted  men  num- 
bered 832;  aggregate  of  enrollment,  871.  It  received  recruits, 
which  were  assigned  to  the  different  companies,  85.  Total  to  be 
accounted  for,  956.  Company  D,  of  nine  months,  drafted.  Men 
were  assigned  to  the  83d,  but  should  not  be  included  in  the  aggre- 
gate, for  the  reason  that  they  were  with  the  regiment  only  a few 
days. 

The  casualties  in  the  83d  during  the  campaign  and  siege  of 
Vicksburg  were  as  follows : Commissioned  officers  killed,  2 ; en- 
listed men  killed,  8;  commissioned  officers  wounded,  4;  enlisted 
men  wounded,  52.  Total,  66. 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  4 officers  and  34  enlisted  men 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  1 officer  and  82  enlisted  men  by 
disease.  Total,  121. 


Monument  of  93d  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  BRIGADE  3d  DIVISION  15th  CORPS 
93d  INFANTRY 

Colonel  DeWitt  C.  Thomas 

Engaged:  Jackson,  May  14;  Assault,  May  19;  Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-June  22;  Duty  on 
Exterior  Line,  June  22-.Tuly  4.  Casualties:  Killed  6,  wounded  20,  total  26. 


(364) 


NINETY-THIRD  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  93d  Regiment  was  organized  in  the  then  Third  Congres- 
sional District,  rendezvoused  at  Madison,  Indiana,  and  was  mus- 
tered into  service  in  the  months  of  September  and  October,  1862, 
with  the  following  officers : 


DeWitt  C.  Thomas 

George  W.  Carr 

John  W.  Poole 

Irving  Moody 

Abraham  L.  Whitesides 

Miles  Wood 

Rinaldo  R.  Ruter 

John  H.  Ford 


Colonel. 

. Lieutenant-Colonel . 
Major. 

Adjutant. 

Quartermaster. 

Chaplain. 

Surgeon. 

Assistant  Surgeon. 


Captain. 

Co.  A.  Charles  A.  Hubbard, 
Co.  B.  Samuel  S.  Crowe, 

Co.  C.  William  W.  Shepherd, 
Co.  D.  Daniel  B.  Jaynes, 

Co.  E.  Michael  McGrayel, 
Co.  F.  Samuel  J.  Bartlett, 
Co.  G.  Jerome  Spilman, 

Co.  H.  William  T.  Swift, 

Co.  I.  Sanford  Elliott, 

Co.  K.  LaFayette  Frederick, 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

Cyrus  H.  Maxwell, 
James  M.  Paxton, 

Samuel  B.  Davis, 
Frederick  L.  Courvoiser, 
Marion  Mooney, 
Alexander  Hawkins, 
Campbell  Welch, 

John  W.  Parks, 

William  B.  P.  Hebbard, 
William  Lamb, 


2d  Lieutenant. 

John  G.  Hunter. 

John  P.  Carr. 

John  K.  Baxter. 
Theodore  Livings. 
Alonzo  Hubbard. 
Lafayette  Bodenhamer. 
Benjamin  F.  Wilson. 
Wesley  Shoulders. 
Darius  Neel. 

Frederick  Miller. 


On  the  9th  of  November,  1862,  the  regiment  moved  by  railroad 
for  Cairo,  Illinois,  and  from  thence  proceeded  by  river  to  Memphis. 
Tennessee,  where  it  was  assigned  to  Buckland’s  Brigade,  and,  on 
the  26th  of  November,  moved  with  the  army  of  General  Sherman  to 
Hurricane  Creek,  near  Oxford,  Mississippi. 

"While  at  Hurricane  Creek,  the  brigade  to  which  the  93d  be- 
longed was  transferred  to  the  8th  Division,  16th  Army  Corps.  On 
the  20th  of  December,  1862,  the  regiment  marched  with  its  divi- 
sion for  LaGrange,  Tennessee,  arriving  there  on  the  28th  of  De- 
cember, 1862.  On  the  8tli  of  January,  1863,  the  regiment  broke 
camp  at  LaGrange,  Tennessee,  and  marched  for  Corinth,  Missis- 
sippi, arriving  there  January  14,  1863. 

From  Corinth.  Mississippi,  the  regiment  moved  by  rail  to  the 
vicinity  of  Memphis,  Tennessee,  and  upon  reaching  that  point  on 
the  22d  of  February.  1863,  was  assigned  to  guard  duty  along  the 
railroad  and  detailed  to  build  block  houses.  The  regiment  was 
engaged  in  the  performance  of  these  duties  until  the  13th  of  March. 
1863.  when  it  moved  to  Memphis,  Tennessee,  and,  embarking  on  a 
steamer,  sailed  to  Helena.  Arkansas,  and  from  thence  to  Duckport, 


(365) 


366 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Louisiana.  Here  the  troops  landed  and  the  regiment  was  trans- 
ferred, with  its  division,  to  the  15th  Army  Corps,  then  commanded 
by  General  Sherman. 

On  the  2d  day  of  May,  1863,  the  regiment  marched  with  its 
corps  across  the  peninsula  opposite  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  which 
was  the  opening  movement  of  General  Grant  that  culminated  in  the 
capture  of  Vicksburg. 

Marching  by  the  way  of  Richmond  and  Carthage,  Louisiana, 
the  command  reached  Hard  Times  Landing  and  crossed  the  Missis- 
sippi River  at  Grand  Gulf,  Louisiana,  on  the  7th  of  May,  1863. 
The  corps  then  pressed  forward  by  the  way  of  Rockford  and  Ray- 
mond, to  Jackson,  Mississippi,  and  on  the  14tli  of  May,  after  a 
sharp  artillery  duel,  the  command  entered  Jackson,  the  capital  of 
Mississippi.  The  93cl  lost  in  this  affair,  which  was  its  first  en- 
gagement, 3 killed  and  7 wounded.  The  two  following  days  were 
spent  in  tearing  up  the  railroad  tracks  centering  in  Jackson,  Mis- 
sissippi. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  16th  the  whole  force  moved  towards 
Vicksburg,  and,  crossing  the  Rig  Black  River,  reached  the  rear  of 
the  enemy’s  stronghold  on  the  evening  of  the  18th.  On  the  19th 
and  22cl  of  May  the  regiment  participated  in  the  assault  upon  the 
defenses  of  Vicksburg,  and,  intrenching  in  front  of  the  enemy’s 
works,  was  actively  engaged  in  pushing  the  liue  of  investment 
until  the  22d  of  June,  1863.  During  these  operations  the  regiment 
lost  3 killed  and  14  wounded. 

At  this  time  the  rebel  General  Johnston  had  crossed  the  Big- 
Black  River  with  a portion  of  his  force  and  threatened  our  rear. 
General  Sherman  was  dispatched  to  attend  to  Johnston,  with 
orders  to  mcve  upon  the  enemy  the  moment  Vicksburg  was  in  our 
possession.  The  regiment  marched  with  its  division  on  the  move- 
ment and  reached  Little  Bear  Creek  on  the  23d  of  June.  Here  it 
remained,  throwing  up  works,  until  the  4th  of  July,  when  Vicks- 
burg surrendered.  Sherman  at  once  moved  his  army  toward  Jack- 
son,  Mississippi,  and  on  the  10th  of  July  arrived  in  front  of  that 
place  and  proceeded  to  invest  it. 

For  six  days  there  was  sharp  skirmishing  and  artillery  firing, 
and  on  the  night  of  the  16th  the  enemy  evacuated  and  our  forces 
entered  the  city  the  next  morning.  In  the  siege  of  Jackson  the  reg- 
iment lost  1 killed  and  3 wounded. 

The  regiment  remained  at  Jackson  until  the  23d  of  July,  en- 
gaged in  destroying  the  railroads,  and  then  moved  to  a camp  near 
Black  River  and  remained  there  until  September  5,  1863.  It.  then 


Ninety-Third  Infantry. 


367 


moved  to  Oak  Ridge,  where  it  camped  until  the  14th  of  October, 
1863,  when  the  brigade  moved  on  an  expedition  to  Brownsville, 
Mississippi,  and  on  the  17th  of  October  had  a sharp  engagement 
with  the  enemy  near  that  place.  The  regiment  then  marched  to  the 
vicinity  of  Vicksburg  and  went  into  camp.  On  the  17th  of  Novem- 
ber, 1863,  the  93d  left  Vicksburg  on  boats  for  Memphis,  Tennessee, 
and  upon  arriving  there  was  assigned  to  provost  and  picket  duty, 
which  it  performed  until  the  10th  of  May,  1864.  During  this 
period  it  accompanied  several  expeditions  into  Mississippi,  having 
numerous  skirmishes  with  the  enemy. 

On  the  1st  of  June,  1864,  the  regiment  started  on  the  Gun  Town 
expedition.  Upon  reaching  Brice's  Cross  Roads,  on  the  10th,  the 
cavalry  of  the  enemy  was  encountered.  The  infantry,  exhausted 
with  rapid  marching  and  the  heat  of  the  summer,  was  rushed  to 
the  front.  The  battle  was  severe  for  a short  time,  when  our  forces 
were  driven  from  the  field,  and  a stampede  ensued,  sorrowful  to 
contemplate.  The  regiment  lost  in  this  affair  13  killed,  56  wounded 
and  184  taken  prisoners,  making  a total  loss  of  253.  The  remainder 
of  the  regiment  reached  Memphis  on  the  12th  day  of  June,  1864. 

On  the  22d  day  of  June  the  regiment  composed  part  of  the  2d 
Division,  under  command  of  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith,  and  left  Memphis, 
and  on  July  13th,  14th  and  15th  fought  the  rebel  General  Forrest  at 
Old  Town  Creek  and  Tupelo,  Mississippi,  won  a victory  and  re- 
turned to  Memphis  July  22,  1864. 

On  July  29th  the  command  made  the  Holly  Springs  campaign 
in  northern  Mississippi.  The  regiment  then  returned  to  Memphis, 
reaching  there  on  the  23d,  having  several  skirmishes  with  the 
enemy  on  the  return  march.  On  the  29th  of  July  the  regiment 
started  on  another  expedition,  reaching  the  Tallahatchie  River  on 
the  8th  of  August,  1864,  crossed  the  river  on  driftwood,  and  was 
engaged  in  skirmishing  with  the  enemy  until  the  arrival  of  the  main 
army.  It  then  marched  to  Oxford.  Mississippi,  and,  returning, 
arrived  at  Memphis  on  the  29tli. 

On  September  2,  1864.  the  regiment  embarked  on  transports, 
sailed  down  the  Mississippi  and  up  the  White  River  to  Duvall’s 
Bluff,  Arkansas,  where  it  disembarked  and  marched  to  Cape  Girar- 
deau, Missouri.  Then  it  proceeded  by  the  way  of  Jefferson  City 
to  Little  Santa  Fe,  Kansas.  The  regiment  then  moved  to  St. 
Louis,  reaching  there  on  the  11th  of  November,  1864,  and  embark- 
ing on  transports,  proceeded  to  Nashville,  Tennessee. 

The  regiment  arrived  at  Nashville  December  1,  1864,  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  battle  of  Nashville  December  15  and  16,  1864.  and 


368 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


then  pursued  General  Hood’s  retreating  army  south  into  Alabama. 
The  regiment  went  into  winter  quarters  at  East  Port,  Mississippi, 
January  7,  1865,  where  it  remained  until  February  6,  1865.  It 
embarked  on  boats  and  went  to  New  Orleans,  Louisiana,  landing 
there  February  22,  1865.  It  took  ship  February  28,  1865,  sailed 
oyer  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  and  landed  at  Fort  Gaines,  on  Dauphine 
Island.  After  several  weeks  of  preparation  the  command  joined 
General  Canby’s  expedition  against  Spanish  Fort  and  Fort  Blakely. 
The  regiment,  on  March  27th,  took  part  in  the  attack  on  Spanish 
Fort  and  besieged  it  thirteen  days  and  nights,  when  it  was  surren- 
dered to  our  forces  on  the  night  of  April  8,  1865.  The  next  day 
Fort  Blakely  was  carried  by  storm  by  our  army,  thus  compelling 
the  surrender  of  Mobile. 

On  the  morning  of  April  13th  the  16th  Corps,  under  the  com- 
mand of  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith,  of  which  the  93d  Indiana  was  a part, 
took  up  the  line  of  march  to  Montgomery,  Alabama,  arriving  there 
April  25th,  learning  for  the  first  time  of  President  Lincoln’s  assas- 
sination. The  regiment  remained  at  Montgomery  until  May  10th, 
when  one  division,  of  which  the  93d  was  a part,  marched  to  and 
arrived  at  Selma,  Alabama,  May  14th.  The  93d  was  sent  to 
Gainesville,  Alabama,  doing  guard  duty  and  receiving  Confederate 
stores  and  cotton.  The  regiment  remained  here  until  it  was  or- 
dered home.  The  regiment  was  mustered  out  of  the  service  at 
Memphis,  Tennessee,  to  date  August  10,  1865,  with  the  exception 
of  two  companies,  “I”  and  “K, ” which  w7ere  mustered  out  in  Oc- 
tober, 1865.  The  regiment  arrived  in  Indianapolis  August  11, 
1865,  and,  upon  arriving  here,  was  greeted  with  a public  ovation 
and  welcomed  by  an  address  from  Governor  Baker  and  others. 

The  regiment  left  for  the  field  with  an  aggregate  of  923  men. 
It  returned  with  18  officers  and  200  men.  It  traveled  during  the 
time  of  service  1.060  miles  by  rail,  3,972  miles  by  river  and  marched 
2,452  miles,  making  a grand  total  of  7,432  miles. 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  1 officer  and  37  enlisted  men, 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  3 officers  and  250  enlisted  men 
by  disease ; total,  291. 


Monument  of  97th  Infantry- 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

3d  BRIGADE  1st  DIVISION  16th  CORPS 
97th  INFANTRY 

Colonel  Robert  F.  Catterson 

Served  on  the  Exterior  line  in  the  vicinity  of  Haynes’  Bluff  and  at  Oak  Ridge  from  about  June  12 
to  the  end  of  the  Siege,  July  4. 


(370) 


NINETY-SEVENTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 

The  companies  that  made  up  the  97th  Indiana  Volunteers  were 
enlisted  in  the  counties  of  Greene,  Owen,  Putnam,  Clay,  Vermillion 
and  Sullivan,  and  went  into  Camp  Dick  Thompson  at  Terre  Haute 
in  August,  1862,  and  were  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United 
States  on  September  20.  1862,  by  Capt.  James  Biddle. 

In  October,  1862,  Bragg  was  marching  on  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
and  the  regiment  received  its  first  marching  orders  and  left  for 
Louisville  via  Indianapolis,  and,  arriving  at  Indianapolis,  was  or- 
dered into  “Camp  Morton.”  While  here  Capt.  Robert  F.  Catter- 
son,  of  the  14th  Indiana  Infantry,  who  was  then  at  home  on  leave 
of  absence,  by  reason  of  wounds  received  at  the  battle  of  Antietam, 
was  commissioned  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  regiment.  Capt.  Aden 
G.  Cavins,  Captain  of  Company  E,  59th  Indiana  Infantry  Volun- 
teers, was  commissioned  ma  jor ; Alexander  McGregor,  adjutant ; 
William  Johnson,  quartermaster;  Alexander  M.  Murphy,  surgeon; 
J.  C.  Hilburn.  assistant  surgeon,  and  George  Terry,  chaplain. 

The  following  company  officers  were  mustered  in : 


1st  Lieutenant 
Nathaniel  Crane, 
Luther  Wolf, 

Jacob  E.  Fletcher, 
Joseph  W.  Piercy, 
Joseph  T.  Oliphant, 
George  Elliott, 
William  Hatfield, 
James  S.  Meek, 
Albert  P.  Forsyth, 
James  Jordan, 


2d  Lieutenant. 

John  Catron. 

John  Dalgam. 

William  F.  Jerauld. 
William  H.  Sherfey. 
Elijah  Mitchell. 

John  Dickinson. 

Henry  Gastinean. 
Joseph  P.  White. 
Josiah  Stanley. 
Edward  Groenendyke. 


Captain. 


Co.  A.  Andrew  J.  Axtel, 

Co.  B.  James  Watts, 

Co.  C.  John  W.  Carmichael, 
Co.  D.  James  J.  Smiley, 

Co.  E.  Thomas  Flinn, 

Co.  F.  Zachariah  Dean, 

Co.  G.  John  Fields, 

Co.  H James  Robinson, 

Co.  I.  James  Holdson, 

Co.  K.  David  Shelby, 


The  regiment  remained  at  Camp  Morton  until  October  20. 1862, 
when  it  was  ordered  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  and  from  there  was 
sent  to  guard  a wagon  train  with  supplies  for  Buell's  army,  as  far 
as  Bardstown,  Kentucky.  Returning  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  No- 
vember 9,  1862,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Memphis,  Tennessee, 
and  went  aboard  transports  “The  Mary  Miller”  and  “Hettie  Gil- 
more,” arriving  at  Memphis  November  15,  1862.  Here  the  regi- 
ment was  brigaded  with  the  53d  and  70th  Ohio  and  99th  Indiana 
Regiments,  General  Denver  commanding. 

It  advanced  with  the  army  under  Grant  and  Sherman,  Novem- 
ber 25,  1862.  going  south  toward  Holly  Springs  and  Vicksburg, 
Mississippi.  Arriving  at  the  Yacknapatafa  River,  it  remained  a 
week  and  then  retraced  its  steps,  by  reason  of  the  rebels  having 
captured  the  garrison  and  supplies  at  Holly  Springs,  Mississippi. 


(371) 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


372 


At  this  place  Robert  F.  Catterson  received  his  commission  as 
colonel,  and  Aden  G.  Cavins  as  lieutenant-colonel.  William  H. 
Schlater  was  appointed  major  of  the  regiment,  but  never  joined 
the  regiment,  having  been  appointed  on  the  military  staff  of  Gov- 
ernor Morton.  The  regiment  came  back  to  LaGrange,  Tennessee, 
January  8,  1863,  and  went  into  winter  quarters.  March  8,  1863,  it 
was  sent  to  Fort  Grierson  to  guard  a bridge  on  the  Memphis  and 
Charleston  Railroad;  then  to  Moscow  and  LaGrange,  and  in  June, 
1863,  was  ordered  to  Vicksburg  via  Memphis,  and  went  down  the 
Mississippi  River  with  thirty  or  forty  other  transports  loaded  with 
troops,  stores,  artillery,  wagons  and  munitions  of  war. 

It  went  up  the  Yazoo  River  and  disembarked  at  Haynes’  Bluff, 
where  the  regiment  built  breastworks  and  fortifications,  and 
watched  the  movements  of  Gen.  Joe  Johnston,  whose  army  was 
expected  to  raise  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  if  possible. 

June  26,  1863,  the  regiment,  with  others,  moved  directly  east 
of  Vicksburg  to  Oak  Ridge,  and  remained  there  until  Vicksburg 
surrendered,  and  then  marched  in  the  direction  of  Jackson.  Sharp 
opposition  was  met  at  the  crossing  of  Black  River,  and  the  regiment 
was  in  the  thickest  of  the  fight  at  Jackson.  After  this  the  regiment 
returned  to  Camp  Sherman,  on  Black  River,  where  it  remained 
until  ordered  to  Chattanooga.  It  went  to  Memphis  and  marched 
from  there  October  10,  1863,  and  arrived  in  the  neighborhood  of 
Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  November  20,  1863.  It  was  then  a part 
of  the  4tli  Division,  15th  Army  Corps,  under  command  of  General 
Ewing.  It  crossed  the  pontoon  bridges  on  the  left  of  the  Army  of 
the  Cumberland,  and  was  in  the  advance  on  Mission  Ridge,  front- 
ing that  part  of  the  ridge  through  which  the  railroad  tunnel  passes, 
which  was  thoroughly  fortified. 

When  the  Confederate  army  retreated  from  this  place  the  regi- 
ment followed  to  near  Ringgold  Pass.  The  regiment,  with  its 
corps,  was  then  sent  to  relieve  General  Burnside  at  Knoxville.  Ten- 
nessee, as  he  was  besieged  by  General  Longstreet.  After  the  re- 
treat of  Longstreet  the  regiment  returned  to  Chattanooga,  and  then 
marched  to  Scottsboro,  Alabama,  and  went  into  quarters  December 
24,  1863.  The  regiment  remained  here  until  May  1,  1864,  making 
but  one  march,  to  Cleveland,  east  Tennessee,  and  one  to  Lebanon, 
Alabama. 

May  1.  1864,  the  division,  commanded  by  General  Harrow,  and 
the  brigade,  commanded  by  Gen.  C.  C.  Walcott,  started  for  Chatta- 
nooga to  join  the  armies  of  the  Cumberland  and  Ohio  for  the  At- 


Ninety-Seventh  I nfantry. 


373 


lanta  campaign,  this  army  being  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  under 
General  McPherson.  Arriving  at  Chattanooga,  the  Army  of  the 
Tennessee  went  to  the  right  and  was  in  the  battle  of  Resaca,  Dallas 
and  New  Hope  Church.  On  June  15,  1864,  the  brigade,  composed 
of  the  97tli  Indiana,  46th  Ohio.  103d  Illinois.  104th  Illinois  and  6th 
Iowa,  made  a charge  on  the  left  of  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Georgia, 
and  captured  an  Alabama  regiment. 

The  regiment  was  moved  to  the  right  and  on  June  27,  1864,  it 
was  selected  from  the  division,  along  with  certain  brigades  of  other 
divisions  of  the  15th  Army  Corps,  as  an  assaulting  column  under 
Gen.  Morgan  L.  Smith.  At  9 o’clock  the  troops  moved  on  the  rebel 
works  and  routed  the  enemy  from  their  first  line,  but  never  reached 
their  second,  and  by  10  o’clock  the  assault  was  over  and  was  a 
failure.  The  97th  Regiment  lost  several  officers  killed  and  wounded 
and  about  70  men,  and  other  regiments  of  the  brigade  lost  heavily. 

In  a few  days  the  Confederates  retired  across  the  Chattahootcliie 
River  and  into  the  works  around  Atlanta.  July  22,  1864,  the  97th 
Indiana  was  engaged  during  the  entire  battle  and  captured  the  5th 
Tennessee,  the  regiment  which  was  responsible  for  the  death  of  Gen- 
eral McPherson.  The  regiment  was  in  the  battle  of  Ezra  Church. 
July  28th,  and  at  Jonesboro,  south  of  Atlanta.  After  General  Hood 
left  Atlanta  and  started  north,  the  regiment  followed  with  the  army 
as  far  as  Resaca  and  Taylor’s  Ridge,  and  Sherman,  leaving  Hood  to 
the  tender  mercies  of  “Pap”  Thomas,  went  back  to  Atlanta. 

November  15,  1864,  the  regiment,  with  the  army,  started  on 
“the  March  to  the  Sea.”  The  brigade,  near  Macon,  Georgia,  was 
sent  out  to  reconnoiter,  and  served  as  a protection  to  the  wagon 
train.  It  encountered  a whole  division  of  Georgia  militia  near 
Griswoldsville,  who  fought  for  three  hours,  and  were  finally  driven 
from  the  field  and  many  of  them  captured.  Those  captured  and 
wounded  were  all  old  men  and  boys.  A large  fire  was  built,  the 
wounded  carried  in  and  left  with  the  captured  ones,  and  the 
brigade  silently  moved  away,  catching  up  with  the  army  about  day- 
break. 

General  Walcott,  commanding,  was  wounded  and  was  carried 
to  the  sea  in  a carriage.  Col.  Robert  F.  Catterson,  of  the  97th  Indi- 
ana. commanded  the  brigade  until  the  end  of  the  march,  when  he 
was  appointed  chief  of  staff  on  General  Logan’s  staff;  and  Captain 
Elliott,  of  Company  F,  commanded  the  regiment  until  it  reached 
Goldsboro.  North  Carolina.  No  further  resistance  was  met  until 
the  army  reached  the  neighborhood  of  Savannah,  and,  after  Hazen’s 


374 


Indiana  at  Vicksbuko. 


Division  of  the  15tli  Army  Corps,  captured  Fort  McAllister  on  the 
21st  of  December,  we  entered  Savannah.  After  waiting  there  until 
January  17,  1865,  the  regiment  was  put  aboard  an  ocean  steamer 
and  taken  around  to  Port  Royal,  South  Carolina. 

In  the  last  days  of  January  the  army  was  on  the  march,  and  on 
the  15th  of  February  met  the  enemy,  Wade  Hampton’s  Cavalry, 
fifteen  miles  from  Columbia,  and  drove  them  in.  The  next  night 
the  regiment,  with  its  brigade,  tamped  on  Broad  River,  and  the 
next  morning,  February  17th,  it  entered  the  city — the  second 
brigade  that  went  in.  Marching  through  the  main  street  of  the 
city,  it  was  found  that  the  Confederates  had  placed  bales  of  cotton 
end  to  end  along  this  street,  in  the  gutter,  and  had  set  it  on  fire,  and 
as  our  brigade  marched  past,  the  Iowa  Brigade,  which  preceded  us, 
were  trying  to  put  the  fire  out.  The  97th  marched  out  nearly  a 
mile  and  went  into  camp.  In  the  night,  looking  toward  the  city,  a 
great  fire  was  seen  sweeping  over  it.  and  at  daylight  the  97tli  was 
ordered  into  the  city  to  do  patrol  duty,  where  it  remained  until 
the  army  left. 

The  next  place  of  any  importance  was  Cheraw,  South  Carolina, 
on  the  Big  Fedee  River.  From  here  the  regiment  marched  to  Fay- 
etteville, North  Carolina,  on  Cape  Fear  River,  and  no  sound  of 
battle  reached  it  until  the  guns  of  the  14th  and  20th  Corps,  who 
were  engaged  with  Johnston’s  army  off  to  the  left  of  Bentonville, 
North  Carolina,  were  heard,  and  the  15th  and  17th  Corps  were 
marched  in  quick  order  for  two  days  to  reach  and  assist  the  bal- 
ance of  the  army  in  the  engagement,  on  the  left  flank  of  Johnston’s 
army.  The  morning  of  the  third  day  the  division  struck  the 
enemy’s  outposts  and  skirmished  with  them  all  day;  and  late  in 
the  afternoon  ran  up  against  their  breastworks,  where  it  remained 
fighting  for  two  days,  when  the  enemy  withdrew  and  the  division 
moved  on  to  Goldsborougli.  Here  Lieutenant-Colonel  Cavins  met 
the  regiment,  he  having  been  on  leave  of  absence  when  it  started 
for  the  sea,  having  had  an  important  command  in  Tennessee.  Other 
officers  and  men  of  the  regiment  met  it  here  also.  At  this  place, 
also,  Gen.  C.  C Walcott,  the  old  brigade  commander,  returned  and 
was  given  command  of  a division  of  the  14th  Army  Corps,  and  Col. 
Robert  F.  Catterson  again  took  command  of  the  brigade,  which  at 
this  time  was  composed  of  the  97th  Indiana,  the  46th  Ohio,  the  26th, 
40th  and  103d  Illinois  Regiments  and  the  6th  Iowa,  and  the  divi- 
sion, the  first  of  the  15th  Corps,  was  commanded  by  Gen.  C.  R. 
Woods. 


Ninety-Seventh  Infantry. 


375 


The  regiment  remained  at  Goldsborougli  until  April  10th,  and 
drew  clothing-,  which  was  badly  needed,  and  started  for  Raleigh, 
which  place  was  reached  about  April  20,  1865.  While  here  news 
came  of  the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln  and  the  surrender 
of  Lee.  Then  Johnston  surrendered,  and  the  regiment  started  for 
Washington  and  home,  coming  up  by  way  of  Petersburg  and  Rich- 
mond. arriving  in  Washington  May  20tli  and  marching  in  the  grand 
review,  May  24tli.  It  was  mustered  out  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  June 
9,  1865.  came  to  Indianapolis  and  was  received  by  Governor  Mor- 
ton and  welcomed  home. 

The  regiment  lost  during  service  3 officers  and  51  enlisted  men 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  6 officers  and  172  enlisted  men 
by  disease:  total,  232. 


Monument  of  99th  Infantry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

3d  BRIGADE  1st  DIVISION  16th  CORPS 
99th  INFANTRY 
Colonel  Alexander  Fowler 

Served  on  the  Exterior  line  in  the  vicinity  of  Haynes’  Bluff  and  at  Oak  Ridge  from  about  June  12 
to  the  end  of  the  Siege,  July  4. 


(376) 


NINETY-NINTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 

The  99tli  Regiment  was  organized  during  the  months  of  August 
and  September,  1862.  in  the  Ninth  Congressional  District,  and  ren- 
dezvoused at  South  Bend.  Three  companies  recruited  in  the  Sixth 
Congressional  District  for  the  96tli  Regiment  were  assigned  to  the 
99th,  completing  its  organization,  and  it  was  mustered  into  the  serv- 
ice on  the  21st  of  October.  1862,  with  Alexander  Fowler  as  colonel ; 
Richard  P.  DeHart,  lieutenant-colonel;  John  M.  Berkey,  major; 
Lorenzo  D.  McGlaslian,  adjutant;  James  L.  Cathcart,  quartermas- 
ter; Daniel  R.  Lucas,  chaplain;  William  AY.  Butterworth,  surgeon; 
Lawson  D.  Robinson,  assistant  surgeon. 


2d  Lieutenant. 
James  M.  D.  Craft. 
Robert  P.  Andis. 
William  Harmon. 
Joachim  M.  Hamlin. 
Elias  M.  Shaner. 
George  S.  Walker. 
Benjamin  F.  Thomas. 
William  M.  Walker. 
James  B.  McGonigal. 
George  C.  Walker. 


Captain. 


1st  Lieutenant. 
Kellogg  M.  Burnham, 
George  Tague:i' 
William  Mackey, 

John  Clifton, 

Samuel  Moore, 
Andrew  Cochran, 
John  Worrel, 

John  F.  Parsons, 

Ira  B.  Myers, 

George  W.  Julian, 


Co  A.  David  F.  Sawyer, 
Co.  B James  H.  Carr, 

Co.  C Jacob  Brewer, 

Co.  D.  Josiah  Farrar, 

Co.  E.  Daniel  Ash, 

Co.  F.  George  H.  Gwinn, 
Co.  G.  Tilberry  Reid, 

Co.  H.  Joseph  B.  Homan, 
Co.  I.  William  V.  Powell, 
Co.  I\.  William  R.  C.  Jenks, 


The  regiment  moved  in  November  to  Memphis,  Tennessee,  and, 
upon  its  arrival  there,  was  assigned  to  the  3d  Brigade,  commanded 
by  Col.  J.  R.  Cockerill,  70th  Ohio,  1st  Division,  commanded  by 
General  Denver,  15tli  Army  Corps,  commanded  by  Gen.  W.  T. 
Sherman. 

On  the  26th  the  regiment  moved  with  its  corps  on  the  Talla- 
hatchie campaign,  and  returning,  was  transferred  to  the  16th  Army 
Corps,  Major-General  Hurlbut  commanding  corps;  Gen.  AV.  S. 
Smith  commanding  the  division,  and  was  placed  on  duty  on  the 
Memphis  and  Charleston  Railroad,  at  LaGrange  and  Moscow,  Ten- 
nessee, where  it  remained  during  the  winter  of  1862  and  1863. 

On  the  6th  of  May,  1863,  the  regiment  moved  to  Memphis  and, 
embarking  on  steamers,  sailed  down  the  Mississippi  River  and  joined 
the  besieging  forces  of  General  Grant  in  the  rear  of  Vicksburg, 
arriving  at  Haynes’  Bluff.  June  12th,  reporting  to  Gen.  C.  C.  Wash- 
burn, and  took  position  there  and  helped  in  fortifying  that  point. 
By  order  of  General  Sherman,  dated  June  23d,  it  took  position 
with  its  brigade  and  division  on  Oak  Ridge,  from  Neily’s,  on  the 
right,  to  the  postoffice  on  the  left,  fortified  the  line  and  remained 
there  to  the  end  of  the  siege,  being  temporarily  assigned  to  the  9tli 
Corps.  Maj.  Gen.  Parks  commanding. 


378 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


On  the  5th  of  July  the  regiment  marched  with  Sherman’s  com- 
mand to  Jackson,  Mississippi,  and  was  engaged  in  a skirmish  on 
the  Big  Black  River  during  the  march.  The  advance  reached  Jack- 
son  on  the  9tli  and  its  investment  was  complete  on  the  12th.  The 
siege  progressed  vigorously  and  for  four  days  the  regiment  lay 
under  a heavy  artillery  fire  from  the  enemy  and  was  constantly 
engaged  in  picket  duty  and  sharpshooting.  On  the  night  of  the 
16th  the  enemy  evacuated  Jackson,  and  our  troops  moved  into  the 
city,  and  the  regiment  assisted  in  destroying  the  railroads  for  sev- 
eral miles  out  of  Jackson  and  the  capture  of  Brownsville.  The 
regiment,  with  its  command,  marched  hack  to  Big  Black  River,  and 
was  assigned  to  the  4th  Division,  commanded  by  Gen.  Hugh  Ewing, 
15th  Army  Corps,  where  it  remained  in  camp  until  the  latter  part 
of  September,  when  it  moved  with  its  corps  to  Memphis,  Tennessee, 
and  in  October  marched  by  the  way  of  Corinth,  Iuka,  Florence, 
Dechert,  Stevenson  and  Trenton,  to  Chattanooga,  arriving  at  the 
latter  place  on  the  22d  of  November. 

On  the  morning  of  the  24th  the  99th  at  once  took  possession  of 
Indian  Hill,  the  eastern  extremity  of  Mission  Ridge,  and  worked  all 
the  following  night  building  breastworks.  By  daybreak  the  next 
morning  the  regiment  had  well  entrenched  and  protected  itself  by 
the  use  of  tin  plates  and  bayonets,  there  being  no  shovels  or  picks  to 
be  had.  On  the  25th  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Mission  Ridge. 

Immediately  after  the  battle  the  regiment  marched  with  Sher- 
man’s army  in  pursuit  of  Bragg’s,  in  the  direction  of  Graysville, 
and  found  the  road  lined  with  broken  wagons,  abandoned  caissons 
and  the  debris  of  the  retreating  army.  As  the  head  of  our  col- 
umn emerged  from  a heavily  timbered  and  swampy  piece  of  coun- 
try, the  rear  guard  of  the  enemy  was  encountered  and  a sharp 
fight  ensued,  but  night  put  a stop  to  the  operations. 

Upon  reaching  Graysville,  the  column  moved  east,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  cutting  communications  between  Bragg  and  Longstreet, 
and  to  relieve  General  Burnside,  then  besieged  at  Knoxville.  The 
regiment  accomplished  this  long,  dreary  march,  almost  entirely  des- 
titute of  clothing,  blankets  and  shoes,  and  without  regular  rations 
or  supplies  of  any  kind,  and  marched  barefoot  over  rocks  and 
through  mud  in  midwinter  and  compelled  Longstreet  to  raise  the 
siege  of  Knoxville.  Returning  with  its  command,  the  regiment 
marched  to  Seottsboro,  Alabama,  on  the  26th  of  December,  having 
made  a march  of  over  400  miles,  and  fought  its  part  in  the  battle 
of  Chattanooga. 


Ninety-Ninth  Infantry. 


379 


At  Scottsbcro,  the  regiment  remained  in  camp  until  the  11th 
of  February,  1864.  It  then  moved  into  east  Tennessee,  Capt.  Jo- 
siah  Farrow.  Company  D.  commanding,  and  was  engaged  at  Rocky 
Face  Ridge  on  the  25th.  The  regiment  then  returned  to  Scotts- 
boro  and  remained  in  camp  until  the  first  day  of  May. 

General  Sherman’s  army,  Gen.  John  A.  Logan  commanding  the 
I5th  Army  Corps ; General  Harrow,  commanding  the  division; 
Colonel  Oliver.  15th  Michigan,  commanding  the  brigade,  then 
moved  on  its  campaign,  of  which  Atlanta  was  the  objective  point. 
The  99th  met  and  fought  with  the  dashing  Army  of  the  Tennessee, 
and  was  engaged  in  every  skirmish,  assault  and  battle  in  which 
that  army  took  a part,  under  the  gallant  McPherson.  The  regi- 
ment was  engaged  at  Resaca  May  14th.  At  Dallas,  on  the  28tli, 
the  enemy  made  a bold  assault  upon  our  column,  but  met  a bloody 
repulse.  On  the  15tli  of  June  the  regiment  participated  in  a charge 
at  Big  Shanty. 

Subsequently  it  was  engaged  in  skirmishes  for  seven  days  near 
Kenesaw  Mountain.  The  regiment  also  took  part  in  skirmishes  at 
Niekajack  Creek  and  at  Atlanta  on  the  20th  and  21st  of  July.  On 
the  morning  of  the  22d  it  had  gained  a high  hill  which  gave  us  a 
commanding  position,  in  full  view  of  the  heart  of  Atlanta.  At 
noon  Hood’s  forces  made  a desperate  assault  and  a terrible  battle 
raged  on  the  entire  front,  and  after  four  hours  of  fierce  fighting 
the  enemy  were  checked  and  driven  back.  In  this  assault  and  de- 
fense the  noble  McPherson  fell. 

On  the  28th  another  battle  was  fought  in  front  of  Atlanta,  in 
which  the  15th  Corps,  to  which  the  99th  belonged,  was  chiefly  en- 
gaged. The  result  was  victory  to  our  arms.  In  both  these  san- 
guinary contests  the  99th  was  an  active  participant,  and  was  en- 
gaged every  day  in  skirmishes  from  August  3d  to  the  15th. 

The  regiment  marched  with  Sherman’s  army  on  its  flank  move- 
ment around  Atlanta,  and  was  in  the  engagement  at  Jonesboro  on 
the  31st  of  August,  and  at  Lovejoy’s  Station  on  the  1st  of  Septem- 
ber. It  then  returned  to  Atlanta  and  went  into  camp  at  East 
Point,  the  3d  Brigade  being  transferred  to  the  2d  Division,  and  on 
the  3d  of  October  it  joined  in  the  pursuit  of  Hood,  and,  commanded 
by  Maj.  J.  B.  Homan,  was  engaged  in  the  battle  at  Little  River, 
Georgia,  on  the  26th,  and  after  a march  cf  200  miles  reached  At- 
lanta. 

On  the  15tli  of  November  the  99th  marched  from  its  camp  and 
moved  with  Sherman  on  his  great  “March  to  the  Sea,”  and  after  a 
march  of  300  miles  it  reached  the  front  of  Savannah.  On 


380 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


the  15th  of  December,  the  regiment  took  part  in  the  charge  upon 
Fort  McAllister,  which,  after  a hand-to-hand  struggle  with  its  gar- 
rison. the  enemy  surrendered,  and  opened  Sherman’s  communica- 
tion with  the  sea. 

After  a short  rest  at  Savannah,  the  regiment  was  transferred  by 
ship  to  Buford,  South  Carolina,  and,  commanded  by  Capt.  Josiah 
Farrar,  marched  with  Sherman’s  army  through  the  Carolinas;  was 
engaged  in  a skirmish  at  Duck  Creek  and  Edisto  River,  and  occu- 
pied Columbia,  South  Carolina,  on  February  17,  1865.  On  the 
19th  of  March  the  regiment  reinforced  the  20th  Corps  at  the  battle 
of  Bentonville.  The  march  was  then  made  to  Goldsboro;  from 
thence  to  Raleigh,  and  from  thence,  by  the  way  of  Warrenton, 
Petersburg  and  Richmond,  Virginia,  to  Washington  City,  where  it 
took  part  in  the  grand  review,  and  on  the  5th  of  June,  1865,  the 
regiment,  then  commanded  by  Colonel  Farrar,  was  mustered  out 
of  the  service  of  the  United  States. 

Six  companies  of  the  regiment  only  were  entitled  to  be  dis- 
charged, but  by  a special  order  from  the  AVar  Department,  the 
other  four  companies  w-ere  discharged  with  the  regiment.  The  re- 
maining recruits  were  transferred  to  the  48tli  Indiana  Veterans, 
with  which  they  served  until  it  was  mustered  out. 

The  99th  left  for  the  field  with  942  officers  and  enlisted  men, 
and  returned  from  its  campaigns  with  500  officers  and  men,  and 
had  marched  during  its  term  of  service  over  4,000  miles.  Upon 
arriving  at  Indianapolis,  the  regiment  was  present  at  a reception 
to  returned  soldiers  on  the  11th  of  June  in  the  state  house  grounds, 
and  were  welcomed  by  Governor  Morton  and  others,  and  its  mem- 
bers then  went  to  their  various  homes. 

The  regiment  lost  during  its  term  of  service  45  enlisted  men, 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  5 officers  and  147  enlisted  men 
by  disease;  total,  197. 


Monument  of  lOOtli  Infantry. 


(Monument.  Tablet  Inscription.) 

Its  BRIGADE  1st  DIVISION  16th  CORPS 
100th  INFANTRY 


Lieut.  Col.  Albert  Heath 

Served  on  the  Exterior  line  in  the  vicinity  of  Haynes’  Bluff  and  at  Oak  Ridge  from  about  June  12, 
to  the  end  of  the  Siege,  July  4. 


(382) 


ONE  HUNDREDTH  REGIMENT  INDIANA  INFANTRY 
VOLUNTEERS. 


This  regiment  was  raised  principally  in  what  was  the  Tenth 
Indiana  Congressional  District,  but  now  known  as  the  Twelfth, 
and  rendezvoused  at  Camp  Allen,  in  Fort  'Wayne,  in  the  latter 
part  of  the  summer  of  1862,  and  was  mustered  into  the  United 
States  service  September  10th  of  that  year. 

At  organization  the  following  field  and  staff  were  commis- 
sioned : 


Stanford  J.  Stoughton 

Albert  Heath 

Robert  Parrott 

Edward  P.  Williams. 

Alba  M.  Tucker 

Charles  A.  Munn 

William  C.  Hatchett. 
David  J.  Swartz . 


. Colonel. 

. Lieutenant-Colonel . 
.Major. 

.Adjutant. 

. Quartermaster. 
.Chaplain. 

. Surgeon. 

.Assistant  Surgeon. 


Officers  of  the  respective  companies  were : 


Captain. 

Co.  A.  Marquis  L.  Rhodes, 
Co.  B.  Joseph  W.  Gillespie, 
Co.  C.  Harvey  Crocker, 

Co.  D.  Ruel  M.  Johnson, 

Co.  E.  William  M.  Barney, 
Co.  F.  Abram  W.  Myers, 
Co.  G.  Godlove  O.  Behm, 
Co.  H.  John  W.  Headington, 
Co.  I.  James  N.  Sims, 

Co.  K.  Charles  W.  B rouse, 


1st  Lieutenant. 
Ezra  D.  Hartman, 
Orla  J.  Fast, 

John  K.  Morrow, 
William  H.  Venamon, 
Merwin  F.  Collier, 
Daniel  F.  Smith, 
William  Burnside, 
Gideon  Rathbun, 
James  M.  Harland, 
Jeremiah  M.  Wise, 


2d  Lieutenant. 

Lucius  Barney. 

Edwin  Goldsmith. 
James  W.  Bond. 
William  J.  Myers. 
Ichabod  S.  Jones. 
Leonard  Aker. 

Elijah  Young. 

Stephen  B.  H.  Shanks. 
Thomas  C.  Dalby. 
Henry  G.  Collis. 


During  the  service  nearly  all  of  these  company  officers  were 
either  promoted  to  higher  rank,  discharged  for  disability,  or  re- 
signed, their  places  being  ably  filled  by  promotions  of  line  officers 
of  their  companies. 

The  regiment  was  ably  commanded  by  both  field  and  line  offi- 
cers, and  was  brought  to  a high  standard  of  efficiency  during  the 
periods  of  command  by  Lieutenant-Colonels  Heath,  Headington 
and  Johnson.  All  these  were  gallant  officers,  loved  and  respected 
by  all  officers  and  men  of  the  regiment,  and  both  field  and  line  offi- 
cers stood  high  in  the  estimation  of  commanders  of  the  higher  com- 
mands. 

The  100th  was  especially  in  favor  as  an  efficient  regiment  with 
brigade,  division  and  corps  commanders,  and  was,  at  near  close  of 
service  in  the  Carolina  campaign,  mentioned  and  complimented  by 
Major-General  Sherman. 

Lieut.  Col.  R.  M.  Johnson  was  a fine  executive  officer,  strict  dis- 


(383) 


384 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


eiplinarian,  and  highly  qualified  for  his  position,  and  during  his 
service  as  commanding  officer  brought  the  regiment  to  a high 
standard  of  efficiency. 

No  history  of  this  regiment  would  be  complete  without  mention 
of  an  efficient  body  of  men,  known  as  “Hall’s  15tli  Army  Corps 
Scouts.  ’ ’ Henry  J.  Hall  was  from  Lima,  Indiana,  and  at  organiza- 
tion of  his  company  was  appointed  first  sergeant,  but,  tiring  of  the 
monotony  of  such  service,  obtained  permission  to  organize  and 
use  in  the  service  a body  of  men  for  scouting  the  country  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  army,  to  gain  general  information  of  the  enemy. 
Hall  enlisted  men  from  his  own  and  other  companies  of  the  regi- 
ment, who  were  as  brave  and  daring  as  himself,  among  them  Har- 
low Hein,  John  Ryanson,  John  Whitlock,  James  Taylor,  Nelson 
Austin,  Theodore  Upson,  and  others  known  as  being  expert  marks- 
men, and  so  useful  were  these  men  under  the  command  of  Hall  that 
they  attracted  the  attention  of  Generals  Logan,  Sherman  and  Grant, 
and  Hall  was  given  permission  to  select  and  have  detailed  from 
the  commands  in  the  division  100  men,  mount  and  use  these  picked 
men  as  a special  body  for  scouting  purposes,  and  they  gained  dis- 
tinction in  the  army  for  their  successful  service. 

In  one  instance,  near  Florence,  Alabama,  Hall,  with  five  of  his 
men,  captured  a whole  company  of  the  enemy,  along  with  a colonel, 
major  and  the  line  officers  of  the  company,  and  turned  them  over 
to  the  gunboats  at  East  Port. 

Many  more  hazardous  and  daring  deeds  were  successfully  ac- 
complished by  Hall  and  his  men,  but  one  night  on  an  expedition 
the  command  was  ambushed  by  a superior  force,  and  the  intrepid 
Hall  mortally  wounded. 

After  Hall’s  death  the  scouts  retained  their  organization  for  a 
time,  but  as  no  one  was  found  to  fill  his  place  they  were  practically 
disbanded  and  assigned  to  various  headquarters  as  scouts,  couriers 
and  orderlies.  These  men  were  nearly  all  originally  members  of 
the  100th  Indiana. 

Soon  after  organization  of  the  regiment,  Companies  A,  B,  C,  D 
and  E were  uniformed,  armed  and  sent  to  assist  Colonel  Gray,  of 
the  2d  Indiana  Cavalry,  in  guarding  the  Ohio  River  at  Madison 
and  other  points. 

On  November  11,  1862,  the  regiment,  as  a whole,  was  assembled 
at  Indianapolis,  and,  after  a parting  speech  from  Governor  Morton, 
started  by  cars  to  Cairo,  Illinois,  and  from  thence  by  boat  to  Mem- 
phis, Tennessee,  where  they  were  encamped  a short  time  and  used 


One  Hundredth  Infantry. 


385 


as  a command  to  pursue,  on  short  expeditions,  Confederate  forces 
infesting  that  part  of  Tennessee,  in  which  they  had  rough  experi- 
ences, more  or  less,  with  Van  Dorn’s  Cavalry  and  ether  rebel  com- 
mands. 

After  the  capture  of  Grant’s  immense  army  supplies  at  Holly 
Springs,  which  changed  his  entire  plans  for  capture  of  Vicksburg, 
“grub”  being  short,  the  regiment  when  on  some  of  these  expedi- 
tions almost  subsisted  on  persimmons,  and  hence  gained  the  ever- 
lasting sobriquet  of  the  “Persimmon”  Regiment.  At  first  this 
title  was  derisively  given  by  older  regiments  of  the  command,  but 
after  the  regiment  had  shown  its  staying  qualities  in  battle,  the 
title  became  an  honorable  distinction,  and  today,  if  old-time  vigor 
is  desired  to  be  raised  among  the  survivors  of  the  100th,  shout 
“persimmons”  and  the  result  will  be  gained  at  once. 

The  regiment’s  headquarters  in  time  were  moved  to  Junction, 
Mississippi,  where  it  spent  a disagreeable  winter  in  1862  and  1863, 
camped  in  a muddy  cornfield,  and  many  men  of  the  command  sick- 
ened and  died  from  measles  and  other  diseases. 

In  early  spring  the  regiment  was  stationed  at  Collinsville,  Ten- 
nessee. from  which  it  made  expeditions  against  the  enemy,  and,  on 
June  7th,  was  again  in  Memphis  and  took  boat  on  the  Mississippi 
River,  and  in  due  time  landed  at  Haynes’  Bluff,  near  Vicksburg, 
and  aided  in  the  memorable  campaign  of  that  stronghold. 

General  Grant’s  army  had  been  in  this  campaign  for  months, 
fighting  battles  and  gaining  strong  positions,  making  the  invest- 
ment of  Vicksburg  complete,  but  was  harassed  by  an  army  in  the 
rear,  under  the  Confederate  General  Johnston,  and  it  was  neces- 
sary to  have  a strong  force  out  some  distance  to  protect  the  rear  of 
his  army  and,  with  other  large  bodies  of  troops,  the  100th  Regi- 
ment was  ordered  into  position  on  Black  River,  some  sixteen  miles 
east  of  Vicksburg,  to  watch  and  repel  Johnston’s  army,  if  it  ad- 
vanced to  attack  the  forces  besieging  Vicksburg. 

Rifle-pits  were  dug,  trenches  opened,  forts  built  and  armed,  and 
in  all  this  work  the  100th  gladly  did  its  share,  until  the  surrender, 
on  July  4,  1863. 

Immediately  on  the  5tli,  the  regiment,  with  a large  part  of  the 
army,  crossed  Big  Black  River  in  pursuit  of  Johnston’s  retreating 
army,  following  it,  almost  without  halt,  until  it  was  driven  within 
its  fortifications  at  Jackson,  where  the  100th  received  its  first  bap- 
tism of  fire — standing  the  test  bravely  and  losing  many  men,  killed 
and  wounded. 


[25] 


3S6 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


After  the  capture  of  Jackson  and  destruction  of  Confederate 
supplies  and  property,  the  regiment  returned  to  the  vicinity  of 
Vicksburg,  and  in  reorganization  of  the  army  was  assigned  to  the 
4th  Division  of  the  15th  Army  Corps.  After  a short  rest,  having 
done  their  share  in  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  the  division  and  regi- 
ment were  again  ordered  to  return  to  Memphis,  arriving  there  Oc- 
tober 9,  1863. 

Soon  after  arrival  at  Memphis,  the  command  started  on  that 
long  and  memorable  march  to  Chattanooga,  across  the  country,  via 
Stevenson,  Bridgeport,  Sand  Mountain,  Trenton,  Georgia,  etc.,  and 
after  rapid  and  forced  marching,  finally  reached  Chattanooga  on 
the  23d  of  November,  with  320  men,  so  weak  in  numbers  had  the 
regiment  been  made  by  death  and  disease. 

Soon  thereafter  the  regiment  participated  in  the  battle  and 
storming  of  Missionary  Ridge,  in  which  its  loss  was  135  men  in 
killed  and  wounded,  or  43  per  cent,  of  its  number  engaged. 

Shortly  after  this  battle,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  join  the 
force  to  go  to  the  relief  of  Knoxville,  where  Longstreet’s  Confed- 
erate army  was  besieging  Burnside,  of  the  Union  army,  and,  after 
the  Confederates  were  defeated  and  driven  away,  the  100th  re- 
turned to  Chattanooga,  going  into  winter  quarters  at  Bellfort, 
Alabama.  Nothing  exciting  occurred  during  the  mild  winter,  and 
Maj.  R.  M.  Johnson,  who  was  in  command,  took  opportunity  to  drill 
the  regiment  to  perfection,  gaining  for  it  the  reputation  of  being 
the  best  drilled  regiment  in  the  army. 

May  1,  1864,  the  regiment  left  winter  quarters,  and,  with  Sher- 
man’s grand  army,  started  on  the  Atlanta  campaign  and  partici- 
pated in  Battles  of  Resaca,  Dallas,  New  Hope  Church,  Burnt  Hick- 
ory, Kenesaw  Mountain.  Big  Shanty,  Decatur,  Jonesboro,  Lovejoy’s 
Station,  siege  and  battles  around  Atlanta,  and  other  engagements, 
in  all  of  which  it  sustained  losses,  being  ever  at  the  front;  and,  as 
the  records  have  it,  under  fire  one  hundred  days,  until  it  gained 
a brief  rest  in  camp  at  East  Point. 

After  the  enemy  had  retired  within  the  defenses  of  Atlanta,  the 
regiment  was  assigned  to  duty  guarding  immense  stores  at  Marietta, 
Georgia,  and  while  on  this  service  Major  Johnson  was  assigned  to 
duty  on  General  Harrow’s  staff. 

The  regiment  soon  returned  to  the  front  and  saw  hard  fighting 
at  Ezra  Church,  losing  heavily  in  killed  and  wounded. 

It  also  participated  in  pursuit  of  Hood’s  army  to  the  Tennessee 
River,  from  which  point  it  was  ordered  back  to  Atlanta  to  join 


One  Hundredth  Infantry. 


387 


Sherman's  army  on  the  March  to  the  Sea,  and  in  due  time  arrived 
at  and  participated  in  the  capture  of  Fort  McAllister  and  Savan- 
nah. 

On  January  8,  1865,  the  regiment  left  Savannah,  going  by  boat 
to  Beaufort,  North  Carolina,  and  from  thence  marched  to  join  the 
army  on  its  campaign  of  the  Carolinas.  Was  at  the  burning  of 
Columbia,  South  Carolina,  aiding  in  extinguishing  the  fires  on  that 
occasion,  and  from  thence  forward  to  Bentonville,  North  Carolina, 
where  the  regiment  was  in  its  last  fight. 

With  the  grand  army  of  Sherman,  after  the  surrender  of  John- 
ston and  Lee,  the  regiment’s  march  was  through  Richmond  to  Wash- 
ington, in  one  continued  halo  of  triumph,  after  so  many  long  days 
of  fighting,  and  marching  from  the  Mississippi  River  to  the  capital 
of  the  Nation. 

At  Washington,  on  the  24th  day  of  May,  1865,  in  that  grand 
review  down  Pennsylvania  avenue,  past  the  reviewing  stand  in 
which  were  generals  and  all  prominent  men  of  the  nation,  under 
the  eye  of  our  grand  old  General  Sherman,  the  100th  Indiana  Regi- 
ment of  Infantry  Volunteers  had  the  honor  to  lead  first  in  line  on 
that  last  grand  march. 

A few  days  later  the  regiment  started  by  train  for  Indian- 
apolis, where  it  was  royally  welcomed  by  Governor  Morton  and 
other  state  authorities,  and.  in  due  time,  paid  off.  discharged  and 
once  more,  as  veterans,  having  served  the  country  well,  went  forth 
as  private  citizens. 

On  entering  the  service  the  regiment  mustered  in  officers  and 
enlisted  men  986,  which,  with  recruits  added  during  service,  in- 
creased total  enlistments  in  the  regiment  to  1,250  men,  out  of  which 
58  were  killed  in  action  and  many  more  died  from  wounds.  The 
regiment  also  lest  heavily  from  sickness  and  disease,  so  that  at  the 
date  of  muster-out  only  408  answered  to  the  final  roll  call,  and  out 
of  this  number  365  were  all  that  were  left  of  the  original  986  enlist- 
ments. The  100th  did  an  honorable  part  in  its  service  from  In- 
dianapolis, in  1862.  to  its  muster-out,  in  1865. 

The  regiment  lost  during  its  term  of  service  2 officers  and  56 
enlisted  men  killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  3 officers  and  173 
enlisted  men  by  disease;  total.  234. 


Monument  of  First  Battery  Light  Artillery 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

14th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
1st  BATTERY  LIGHT  ARTILLERY 

Captain  Mamin  Klaus 

Engaged:  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17; 
Assault,  May  22;  Siege,  May  23-July  4.  Casualties:  Killed  2,  wounded  1,  total  3. 


(3SS) 


FIRST  BATTERY,  LIGHT  ARTILLERY,  INDIANA 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  1st  Indiana  Battery,  better  known  in  the  service  as  ‘ ‘ Klaus  ’ 
Battery,”  was  organized  at  Evansville,  and  mustered  into  service 
August  16,  1861,  with  Martin  Klaus,  captain. 

F.  Arnold  Schrauder 1st  Lieutenant. 

John  Louis  Bittrolff 1st  Lieutenant. 

John  Rothengatter 2d  Lieutenant. 

Casher  Tomhemelt 2d  Lieutenant. 

The  organization  was  composed  chiefly  of  an  independent  com- 
pany of  artillery  that  had  done  duty  at  Evansville  a few  months 
previous.  Soon  after  its  muster  the  battery  moved  to  St.  Louis  and 
was  assigned  to  the  army  of  General  Fremont.  In  September,  the 
battery  moved  with  the  army  to  Springfield,  Missouri,  and  later  the 
movement  was  abandoned  and  the  army  withdrawn  from  south- 
west Missouri.  In  December  of  1861  the  battery  was  a part  of  the 
expedition  of  the  Blaekwater,  in  Missouri,  and  in  action  assisted  in 
the  capture  of  a large  number  of  the  enemy  on  this  stream.  On  the 
29tli  of  January,  1862,  Klaus’  Battery  moved  with  the  division  of 
Gen.  Jeff.  C.  Davis  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  under  General  Price, 
who  was  then  located  in  the  vicinity  of  Springfield.  The  enemy 
was  encountered  in  force  and  driven  four  days  with  constant  skir- 
mishing, but  having  retreated  into  the  hills  of  Arkansas,  further 
pursuit  was  abandoned. 

Early  in  March  a general  movement  was  made  by  all  divisions 
of  the  army  in  opposition  to  the  forces  of  the  enemy  under  General 
Van  Dorn,  then  moving  north  with  a large  Confederate  army. 

On  March  6tli  the  enemy  was  encountered  near  Leetown  and  a 
severe  battle  resulted.  On  the  7th  an  engagement  was  fought  at 
Elkhorn  Tavern,  and  on  March  8th  the  whole  force  of  the  enemy 
was  encountered  at  Pea  Ridge  and  decisively  defeated. 

Klaus’  Battery  rendered  efficient  service  in  all  these  engage- 
ments, closing  with  Pea  Ridge. 

The  1st  Battery  then  encamped  for  some  weeks  at  Cross  Tim- 
bers, Arkansas,  and  then  participated  in  the  spring  campaigns  in 
Arkansas  and  southern  Missouri. 

In  July  the  battery  was  ordered  to  Helena,  Arkansas,  where  it 
arrived  on  the  13th  of  the  month.  In  October  the  battery  moved 
to  Ironton,  Missouri,  and  from  thence  through  southeastern  Mis- 
souri. During  these  severe  campaigns  in  Arkansas  and  Missouri 
the  1st  Battery  had  marched  3,600  miles. 


(389) 


390 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


On  March  14,  1863,  the  1st  Battery  embarked  on  steamer  at  St. 
Genevieve,  Missouri,  and  moved  to  Milliken’s  Bend,  Louisiana, 
where  it  arrived  on  the  25th,  and  was  assigned  to  the  2d  Brigade, 
14th  Division,  13th  Army  Corps. 

On  April  12th  orders  were  received  by  this  battery  to  join  in 
the  general  movement  of  the  army  through  the  country  to  a point 
southward  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Mississippi  River,  far  below 
the  batteries  and  guns  of  the  enemy’s  fortifications  of  Vicksburg, 
on  the  east  side  of  the  river.  In  due  time  the  battery  arrived  on 
the  west  side  of  the  river,  opposite  Bruinsburg,  Mississippi,  and, 
after  being  transported  across  the  river  by  boats  that  had  run  the 
batteries  of  the  enemy  at  Vicksburg  and  Grand  Gulf,  set  out  imme- 
diately on  forced  march  to  join  in  the  attack  and  battle  of  Magnolia 
Hills,  or  better  known  as  Port  Gibson.  The  enemy  was  encountered 
during  the  night  of  April  30tli,  and  on  the  day  following,  May  1st, 
the  battle  was  fought  during  the  whole  day  and  the  enemy  de- 
feated. 

During  this  engagement  the  battery  was  continually  engaged, 
losing  one  man  killed,  four  wounded  and  six  horses  killed.  May  2d 
it  passed  through  Port  Gibson  and  continued  in  the  forward  move- 
ment until  arrival  at  a crossing  of  Black  River,  which  the  battery 
was  ordered  to  hold  and  guard,  with  other  troops,  during  the  battle 
of  Raymond. 

On  May  16th  the  battery  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Cham- 
pion’s Hill,  in  which  the  enemy  was  defeated,  and  on  the  17th  was 
in  pursuit  of  the  enemy,  and,  coming  up  with  their  rear  at  Black 
River  Bridge,  a lively  engagement  occurred,  resulting  in  the  cap- 
ture of  hundreds  of  prisoners  and  seventeen  pieces  of  artillery.  In 
this  engagement  the  battery  lost  one  man  killed. 

On  the  18th  of  May  the  battery  continued  with  the  Union  army 
in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  to  the  line  of  his  defenses  at  Vicksburg, 
and  during  the  night  of  the  19th  was  permanently  stationed  in  posi- 
tion on  the  Union  line,  to  the  right  of  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road, 
and  remained  in  this  position  during  the  siege. 

The  loss  of  the  battery  during  the  siege  was  light — only  one  man 
killed,  and  several  wounded,  but  none  seriously. 

After  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg  the  battery  was  ordered  to 
join  in  the  movement  on  the  5tli  of  July  against  Johnston’s  army, 
which  during  the  siege  had  been  harassing  the  rear  of  the  Union 
army.  -Johnston,  finding  it  useless  to  withstand  the  attacks  of  the 
victorious  Union  army,  immediately  began  a retreat  from  the  Big 


First  Battery  Light  Artillery. 


391 


Black  River  to  Jackson.  Mississippi,  to  where  he  was  pursued  vig- 
orously. and  withstood  a siege  until  the  17th,  when  the  Confeder- 
ates evacuated  the  city,  and  the  Union  army  immediately  took  pos- 
session. The  battery  then  took  up  its  return  march  to  Vicksburg, 
arriving  there  on  the  24th  of  J uly. 

In  August  the  1st  Battery  was  ordered  to  New  Orleans  by  boat 
and  from  thence  to  Brasliear  City.  Louisiana,  on  September  5th.  and 
soon  thereafter  joined  the  expedition  under  General  Franklin  for 
the  Upper  Teche  country,  in  western  Louisiana,  passing  through 
Franklin,  New  Iberia,  Vermilion,  etc. 

This  campaign  not  meeting  with  desired  results,  the  troops  were 
ordered  back  to  Brashear  City,  and  the  battery  to  Donaldsville, 
Louisiana,  where  it  remained  during  the  holidays  and  again  arrived 
January  8,  1864.  in  New  Orleans. 

In  March,  1864,  the  1st  Battery  moved  with  General  Banks’ 
army  on  the  Red  River  campaign,  and  in  this  expedition  took  part 
in  the  battles  of  Yellow  Bayou,  Cane  Hill  and  Sabine  Cross  Roads. 
In  the  Sabine  Cross  Roads  battle,  the  battery  lost  four  guns  and 
equipment.  It  was  then  attached  to  the  16th  Army  Corps,  and  was 
daily  engaged  in  resisting  the  enemy  until  it  reached  Morganza, 
when  it  was  again  assigned  to  its  old  place  in  the  13th  Army  Corps. 

On  the  20th  of  June,  1864,  Captain  Klaus  resigned  and  First 
Lieut.  Lawrence  Jacoby  was  promoted  captain.  A number  of  men 
re-enlisted  as  veterans  while  stationed  at  New  Orleans.  In  the  fall 
of  1864  the  non-veteran  portion  of  the  battery  severed  connection 
with  the  organization  and  proceeded  to  Indianapolis,  wdiere  they 
were  mustered  out  of  the  service. 

In  March,  1865,  the  1st  Battery  was  again  assigned  to  the  16tli 
Army  Corps  and  took  an  active  part  in  the  siege  and  capture  of 
Spanish  Fort,  Alabama. 

After  the  surrender  of  Mobile,  the  1st  Battery  moved  to  Mont- 
gomery, Alabama,  and  was  stationed  at  that  place  until  ordered  to 
Indianapolis  to  be  mustered  out. 

It  arrived  at  Indianapolis  on  the  17th  of  August,  1865,  vdth 
three  officers  and  102  enlisted  men,  and.  after  a reception  by  the 
state  officials,  was  paid  off  in  full,  and  mustered  out  of  the  service 
August  22,  1865. 

The  battery  lost  during  service  3 enlisted  men  killed  and  mor- 
tally wounded,  and  1 officer  and  31  enlisted  men  by  disease; 
total,  35. 


Monument  of  Sixth  Battery  Light  Artillery. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

1st  DIVISION  16th  CORPS 
6th  BATTERY  LIGHT  ARTILLERY 

Captain  Michael  Mueller 

Served  on  the  Exterior  line  in  the  vicinity  of  Haynes'  Bluff  and  at  Oak  Ridge  from  about  June  12 
to  the  end  of  the  Siege,  July  4. 


(392) 


SIXTH  BATTERY,  LIGHT  ARTILLERY,  INDIANA 
VOLUNTEERS. 


The  6th  Battery  was  recruited  at  Evansville  and  mustered  into 
the  United  States  service  at  Indianapolis,  September  7,  1861.  with 

Frederick  Behr Captain. 

Charles  Adelmann 1st  Lieutenant. 

William  Mussman 1st  Lieutenant. 

Michael  Mueller 2d  Lieutenant. 

Lewis  Kern 2d  Lieutenant. 

On  the  2d  of  October  the  battery  proceeded  by  rail,  via  Evans- 
ville, to  Henderson.  Kentucky.  From  Llenderson  the  battery  was 
on  duty  campaigning  with  the  troops  in  northern  Kentucky  during 
the  winter  of  1861  and  1862,  and  in  the  spring  joined  General 
Sherman’s  command  at  Paducah. 

March  4th  the  6th  Battery  moved,  with  Sherman’s  Division,  up 
the  Tennessee  River  by  boat  and  disembarked  at  Pittsburg  Landing, 
and  was  stationed  to  guard  the  bridge  over  Owl  Creek  in  the  Purdy 
road,  on  the  extreme  right  of  the  army,  and  was  in  that  position  on 
the  morning  of  the  6th  of  April,  when  the  battle  of  Shiloh  opened. 

For  over  two  hours,  at  the  beginning  of  the  battle,  the  battery 
held  its  position,  supported  by  McDowell’s  Brigade,  but  eventually 
was  forced  back  by  strong  columns  of  the  enemy.  While  the  bat- 
tery was  retiring,  General  Sherman  met  it  at  the  intersection  of 
the  Corinth  road  and  gave  orders  to  Captain  Behr  to  bring  his 
guns  into  battery.  The  captain  had  hardly  given  the  order  when 
he  was  struck  by  a musket  ball  and  fell  from  his  horse,  fatally 
wounded.  The  death  of  the  captain  caused  confusion,  and  the 
enemy,  pressing  forward,  captured  most  of  the  guns  and  killed 
sixty-eight  horses. 

After  the  battle,  the  battery,  being  supplied  with  new  guns, 
took  a prominent  part  in  the  siege  of  Corinth,  in  an  advanced  posi- 
tion on  the  line,  which  it  held  until  the  evacuation  of  this  place  by 
the  Confederate  forces. 

The  battery  then  moved  with  General  Sherman’s  troops  to  Holly 
Springs,  where  it  had  a sharp  engagement,  driving  the  enemy  from 
the  town.  From  thence,  in  June,  it  moved  to  Memphis  and  was 
stationed  in  Fort  Pickering  until  the  26tli  of  November,  1862,  and 
after  this  date  was  on  an  expedition  in  western  Tennessee  until 
June,  1863,  when  it  returned  to  Memphis,  and,  embarking  on  a 
steamer,  moved  down  the  Mississippi  River  to  Vicksburg,  where  it 


(393) 


394 


Indiana  at  Vioksbueg. 


was  stationed  on  the  line  of  the  Union  approaches  and  was  attached 
to  the  1st  Division  of  the  16th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee. 

After  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg,  the  battery  moved  with  Sher- 
man's column  in  pursuit  of  the  Confederate  General  Joe  Johnston’s 
army.  After  having  quite  an  engagement  with  the  enemy  at  Big 
Black  River,  it  moved  on  to  Jackson,  Mississippi,  with  the  army, 
where  it  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  that  place  until  its  evacuation 
in  the  night  by  the  Confederate  forces,  who  escaped  across  Pearl 
River,  retreating  eastward  toward  Meridian,  Mississippi. 

After  the  expedition  the  battery  moved  to  Oak  Ridge,  Missis- 
sippi, where,  after  being  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division 
of  the  15tli  Army  Corps,  it  finally  settled  down  for  rest  in  camp  at 
Bear  Creek,  Mississippi. 

Moving  with  General  McPherson’s  command,  the  battery  en- 
gaged in  an  expedition  to  Brownsville,  Mississippi,  and  then,  re- 
turning to  Vicksburg,  embarked  on  boats,  November  7,  1863,  for 
Memphis,  and  from  thence  to  Pocahontas,  Tennessee,  and  went  into 
camp. 

At  this  place,  January  1,  1864,  a majority  of  the  battery  re- 
enlisted and  soon  after  removed  to  Memphis,  and  there  embarking 
on  boats,  returned  to  Vicksburg  and  marched  to  Black  River 
Bridge,  where  it  remained  until  March,  1864,  when  it  was  again 
ordered  to  Vicksburg,  and  marched  from  thence  to  Memphis.  In 
May  it  marched  with  the  command  of  General  Sturgis,  engaging  in 
the  battle  of  Gun  Town,  having  three  men  wounded  and  ten  horses 
killed  in  this  engagement. 

On  the  14th  of  July  the  6th  Battery  was  engaged  in  the  battle 
of  Tupelo,  Mississippi,  losing  one  man  killed  and  seven  wounded. 
It  then  moved  with  the  command  of  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith  to  Oxford, 
Mississippi,  and  from  thence  returned  to  Memphis  on  August  31, 
1864,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  as  a regular  post  battery,  occupy- 
ing Fort  Pickering. 

It  was  ordered  to  Indianapolis  to  be  mustered  out,  arriving  July 
15th,  with  two  commissioned  officers  and  forty-eight  enlisted  men. 
It  was  present  at  a reception  in  the  state  house  grove  on  the  17th, 
and  was  welcomed  by  Governor  Morton. 

The  6th  Battery  was  mustered  out  July  22,  1865. 

The  battery  lost  during  service  1 officer  and  1 enlisted  man 
killed,  and  15  enlisted  men  by  disease.  Total,  17. 


Monument  of  Co.  C.,  First  Cavalry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

12th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
COMPANY  C 1st  CAVALRY 

Captain  William  McReynolds 
Escort  at  Division  Headquarters  during  campaign  and  seige. 


COMPANY  C,  FIRST  CAVALRY  (28th)  REGIMENT  INDIANA 

VOLUNTEERS. 


Following  instructions  of  the  War  Department,  orders  were 
issued  on  June  10,  1861,  for  the  organization  of  a cavalry  regiment 
in  the  Ohio  River  counties,  the  companies  to  rendezvous  at  Evans- 
ville and  Madison.  Eight  of  these  companies  were  encamped  at 
Evansville  and  were  mustered  in  as  the  1st  Cavalry,  August  20, 
1861,  with  Conrad  Baker  as  colonel.  The  Madison  companies  were 
assigned  to  another  regiment. 

Company  C was  recruited  from  Posey  County,  and  was  com 
manded  by  the  following  officers  : 

John  K.  Highman Captain. 

Josiah  Forth 1st  Lieutenant. 

Julian  D.  Owen 2d  lieutenant. 

It  was  assigned  to  the  1st,  following  the  fortunes  of  this  regi- 
ment until  detached  in  February,  1863. 

With  the  regiment.  Company  C left  Evansville  August  21st,  and 
proceeded  to  St.  Louis.  On  arrival  it  was  at  once  ordered  to  Iron- 
ton,  Missouri,  where  it  almost  immediately  entered  into  real  war- 
fare, for,  on  September  12tli.  a detachment  was  engaged  in  a skir- 
mish with  a party  of  Confederates  on  Black  River,  the  enemy  losing 
several  in  killed,  wounded  and  captured. 

Shortly  thereafter,  in  October,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  duty 
near  Pilot  Knob.  It  was  while  campaigning  in  this  vicinity  that 
the  regiment  participated  in  the  battle  of  Fredericktown,  on  Octo- 
ber 21st,  and  in  a charge,  which  turned  the  tide  of  the  battle,  com- 
pletely routed  the  enemy.  In  this  engagement  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Gavitt,  who  had  that  day  been  promoted  from  major,  and  Captain 
Highman,  Company  C,  were  killed.  Lieut.  Josiah  Forth,  Company 
C,  was  promoted  to  major,  in  line  of  promotion,  and  Second  Lieut. 
Julian  D.  Owen  was  made  captain  of  Company  C. 

The  regiment  remained  in  the  vicinity  of  Ironton,  campaigning 
and  making  short  expeditions  until  February,  1862,  when  it  was 
moved  into  Arkansas,  and  in  May  was  attached  to  the  Army  of 
Southwest  Missouri,  Gen.  S.  R.  Curtis;  1st  Division,  Gen.  Frederick 
Steele.  With  the  regiment,  Company  C engaged  in  a skirmish 
with  the  enemy  at  Litchfield  on  May  2d,  and  at  Eleven  Points,  Mis- 
souri, on  June  1st. 

The  regiment  campaigned  in  this  neighborhood  in  June,  and  on 
the  26tli  started  the  march  to  Helena,  Arkansas.  En  route  it  par- 
ticipated in  the  battle  of  Round  Hill,  the  7th  of  July,  1862. 


(397) 


Indiana  at  Vicksiuteg. 


398 


On  arrival  at  Helena  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  the  District 
of  Eastern  Arkansas,  Department  of  the  Missouri.  While  with  this 
army,  the  1st  Cavalry  marched  with  expeditions  to  Clarendon  in 
August ; to  Lawrenceville  in  September ; to  Moro  and  Arkansas  Post 
in  November,  and  went  to  Grenada,  Mississippi,  in  the  latter  part  of 
the  same  month,  passing  en  route  Tallahatchie  River,  Mitchell’s 
Cross  Roads  and  Oakland. 

Other  expeditions  to  Coldwater  and  Yazoo  Pass,  in  February, 
mark  the  departure  of  Company  C from  the  regiment.  At  this  time 
the  company  was  commanded  by  William  W.  McReynolds,  captain ; 
James  L.  Carey,  first  lieutenant,  and  Charles  H.  Randolph,  second 
lieutenant.  It  was  detached  and  attached  to  the  12th  Division.  13th 
Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  and  assigned  as  escort  at  Gen- 
eral Hovey’s  headquarters. 

General  Grant  was  now  moving  towards  Vicksburg,  and  Com- 
pany C saw  much  service,  accompanying  the  division  in  many  of 
the  important  engagements,  viz. : Marched  with  the  Yazoo  Pass  ex- 
pedition, February  24,  1863.  Returning  from  there  in  April,  it 
moved  to  Milliken’s  Bend  on  the  12th.  Advance  on  Bruinsburg 
and  Grand  Gulf,  April  25-30;  Port  Gibson,  May  1;  Fourteen-Mile 
Creek,  May  12  and  13;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16;  campaign  and 
siege.  May  18-July  4. 

After  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg  the  company  was  in  the  ad- 
vance on  Jackson,  and  was  stationed  there  during  the  siege. 

In  August  it  was  ordered  to  New  Orleans,  and  from  thence  went 
into  the  western  Louisiana  “Teche”  campaign.  After  this,  Com- 
pany C was  in  the  defenses  at  New  Orleans  until  August,  1864. 
when  it  rejoined  its  regiment  at  Pine  Bluff,  Arkansas.  In  the  lat- 
ter part  of  that  month  the  regiment  was  ordered  home.  Leaving 
behind  the  recruits  of  the  regiment,  who  were  organized  into  a sub- 
sidiary battalion,  the  1st  Cavalry  departed  for  Indianapolis,  ar- 
rived there  on  the  6th  of  September,  1864,  and  was  mustered  out  of 
the  service  on  the  12th  of  that  month, 


> 


- 


Monument  of  Co.  C.,  Fourth  Cavalry. 


(Monument  Tablet  Inscription.) 

10th  DIVISION  13th  CORPS 
COMPANY  C 4th  CAVALRY 

Captain  Joseph  P.  Leslie. 

Captain  Andrew  P.  Gallagher 
Escort  at  Division  Headquarters  during  Campaign  and  Siege. 


(400) 


COMPANY  C,  FOURTH  CAVALRY  (77th)  REGIMENT 
INDIANA  VOLUNTEERS. 


The  4th  Cavalry  (77th)  Regiment,  of  which  Company  C was  a 
part,  was  organized  at  Indianapolis  on  the  22d  of  August,  1862, 
with  Isaac  P.  Gray  as  colonel.  On  the  completion  of  its  organiza- 
tion the  aspect  of  affairs  in  Kentucky  was  so  threatening  that  the 
regiment  was  divided,  four  companies  being  sent  under  command 
of  Maj.  John  A.  Platter  to  Henderson,  Kentucky,  and  the  remain- 
ing companies  to  Louisville,  from  whence  they  were  ordered  into 
the  interior,  where  they  were  joined  by  Colonel  Gray. 

The  battalion,  under  command  of  Major  Platter,  had  a skirmish 
with  the  enemy  at  Madisonville,  Kentucky,  on  the  26th  of  August, 
and  again  at  Mount  Washington,  on  the  1st  of  October,  in  which  a 
number  were  killed  and  wounded.  On  the  5th  of  October  it  en- 
gaged the  rebels  at  Madisonville,  suffering  some  loss.  In  the  spring 
of  1863  this  battalion  joined  the  other  companies,  and  after  this  the 
regiment  served  together  until  December,  1862,  when  Company  C 
became  the  escort  of  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith,  commanding  10th  Division, 
13th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee. 

The  officers  of  the  company  at  this  time  were : 

Joseph  P.  Leslie Captain. 

Amos  F.  Leamon 1st  Lieutenant. 

Andrew  P.  Gallagher 2d  Lieutenant. 

From  December  20,  1862,  to  January  3,  1863,  Company  C was 
with  General  Sherman’s  army  in  the  Yazoo  expedition.  During 
this  time  the  company  engaged  in  the  actions  at  Chickasaw  Bayou 
and  Bluff,  December  26-29.  Marching  with  the  command  the  com- 
pany participated  in  the  engagement  at  Arkansas  Post,  which  re- 
sulted in  the  capture  of  Fort  Hindman. 

Company  C moved  to  Young’s  Point,  Louisiana,  and  was  on 
duty  there  and  at  Milliken’s  Bend  until  April.  While  here  Cap- 
tain Leslie  was  promoted  major,  being  succeeded  by  Second  Lieut. 
A.  P.  Gallagher.  It  participated  in  the  movement  on  Bruinsburg, 
April  25th  to  30th.  It  was  actively  engaged  in  the  events  leading 
up  to  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg;  being  engaged  at  Port  Gibson, 
May  1st;  Champion’s  Hill,  May  16th,  and  in  the  siege  until  Gen- 
eral Pemberton  accepted  the  terms  of  surrender  on  July  4th. 

Leaving  Vicksburg  Company  C advanced  with  the  army  on 
Jackson,  where  it  was  engaged  until  the  evacuation.  It  moved  to 
New  Orleans  in  August,  and  was  engaged  in  the  western  Louisiana 


[26] 


(401) 


402 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


campaign  in  October  and  November,  participating  in  actions  at 
Opelousas,  October  20th  and  21st,  and  at  Grand  Coteau,  Novem- 
ber 3d. 

Returning  to  New  Orleans,  the  company  was  engaged  in  the 
defenses  there  until  September,  1864,  when  it  rejoined  the  regi- 
ment. With  the  regiment,  Company  C was  engaged  against  the 
enemy  at  Columbia,  Tennessee,  in  October. 

In  November  it  was  stationed  near  Louisville,  serving  with  the 
2d  Brigade  of  the  1st  Cavalry  Division  of  the  Cavalry  Corps  of  the 
Military  Division  of  the  Mississippi.  In  January,  1865,  it  was  in 
the  vicinity  of  Nashville,  and  in  the  following  month  at  Waterloo, 
Alabama.  Moving  into  Alabama  with  General  Wilson’s  forces,  it 
participated  in  the  active  campaign  in  that  State  and  Georgia,  en- 
gaging in  the  battles  of  Plantersville  and  Selma.  Leaving  Macon. 
Georgia,  in  May,  it  reached  Nashville  and  went  into  the  provisional 
cavalry  camp  at  Edgefield,  where  it  remained  until  mustered  out  of 
service  on  the  29th  of  June,  1865.  After  its  muster  out  the  regi- 
ment remained  at  Nashville  a few  days  until  it  was  finally  dis- 
charged and  paid,  when  the  organization  was  broken  up,  and  the 
officers  and  men  returned  to  their  respective  homes  without  coming 
to  the  state  capital  in  a body. 

Company  C lost  during  service  20  enlisted  men  by  disease.  To- 
tal, 20. 


Indiana  Regimental  Marker. 

Fifty-three  of  these  have  been  erected,  marking  camp  sites,  sharpshooters’  lines  and  advanced 
positions  on  May  19  and  22,  1863. 


(404) 


DESIGNATION,  ORGANIZATION  AND  CASUALTIES  OF  INDIANA  COMMANDS  ENGAGED  IN  THE  CAMPAIGN 

AND  SIEGE  OF  VICKSBURG,  MARCH  29-JULY  4,  1863. 


Indiana  Casualties. 


405 


1 

1 

3 officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

No  loss  reported. 

2 officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

3 officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

4 officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

No  loss  reported. 

1 officer  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

2 officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

2 officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

Transferred  to  3d  Brigade,  June  22.  No 

loss  reported. 

No  loss  reported. 

1 officer  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

No  loss  reported. 

2 officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

2 officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

No  loss  reported. 

No  loss  reported. 

No  loss  reported. 

Co.  C.  Escort  Division  Headquarters. 

Co.  C.  Escort  Division  Headquarters. 

No  loss  reDorted. 

22  officers  killed  or  mortally  wounded. 

Casualties. 

Total. 

161 

192 

a : 

• CO 

1 

Missing. 

*-<  • 

• CO  00  O 

• 

• t'-  • 

s 

Wounded. 

133 

149 

22 

103 

157 

184 

106 

97 

111 

71 

52 

' \ ' 

CO  ■ 

f 

M 

Killed. 

£8  : 

3 

26 

31 

32 

CO  • 

CO  CO  O CO 

■ <M 

I 

Organization. 

Corps. 

13th 

13th 

16th 

13th 

13th 

17th 

13th 

-C -C  23 

• -«->  +J4J+J4J-P-P+J-PV+i-*J+J-P4J 

•cococor^coco  cot^cococo»oiococococococo*a 

Division. 

tPiMhutn 

w 

Brigade. 

COMMAND. 

1 

8th  Infantry 

11th  Infantry 

12th  Infantry.  . 

ibth  intantry 

18th  Infantry 

23d  Infantry 

24th  Infantry 

9ftt.V>  Tnfnn  + rv' 

34th  Infantry 

46th  Infantry 

47th  Infantry 

48th  Infantry 

49th  Infantry 

53d  Infantry 

54th  Infantry 

oytn  Intantry 

60th  Infantry 

b/tn  Intantry 

69th  Infantry 

83d  Infantry 

93d  Infantry 

074V,  TnfoTTfrTr 

99th  Infantry 

.luuiii  jLiuaiitry 

1st  Cavalry 

^ tii  v^avairy 

1st  Battery 

6th  Battery 

Totals 

Report  of  the  Commission. 


ACT  AUTHORIZING  APPOINTMENT  OF  A COMMISSION. 

The  Sixty-third  General  Assembly  passed  the  following  act. 
which  was  introduced  by  Senator  Fortune,  January  14,  1903,  and 
approved  by  Governor  Durbin,  March  9,  1903  : 

AN  ACT  authorizing  the  appointment  of  a commission  to  ascertain  and 
exactly  determine  the  positions  of  Indiana  troops  in  the  siege  of  Vicks- 
burg and  to  make  an  appropriation  to  pay  the  necessary  traveling  ex- 
penses of  the  members  of  the  commission. 

(S.  107.  Approved  March  9,  1903.) 

Section  1.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State 
of  Indiana,  That  the  Governor  of  the  State  be,  and  is  hereby  author- 
ized to  appoint  a commission  consisting  of  five  members,  being 
members  from  Indiana  organizations  participating  in  the  campaign 
and  siege  of  Vicksburg.  Each  member  of  the  said  commission  shall 
have  served  with  honor  in  the  campaign  and  siege  of  Vicksburg,  in 
some  organization  which  participated  in  said  siege  and  shall  serve 
on  the  commission  without  pay  except  as  to  necessary  traveling  ex- 
penses, and  said  commission  shall  have  the  power  to  appoint  a sec- 
retary, who  shall  receive  the  same  amount  of  expenses  as  any  one 
member  of  said  commission. 

Sec.  2.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  commission  to  co-operate 
with  the  National  Park  Commission  in  ascertaining  and  exactly 
determining  the  position  of  each  Indiana  organization  in  the  siege 
of  Vicksburg,  and  also  to  recommend  to  the  Governor  of  the  State 
such  subsequent  legislation  as  will,  and  in  the  opinion  of  the  com- 
mission, permanently  and  suitably  mark  the  positions,  then  ascer- 
tained, and  worthily  commemorate  the  valor  and  services  of  Indi- 
ana soldiers  in  the  campaign  and  siege  of  Vicksburg. 

Sec.  3.  The  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars  ($1,000.00),  or  so 
much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  is  hereby  appropriated  out  of 
the  funds  of  the  state  treasury,  not  otherwise  appropriated,  to  be 
drawn  and  used  by  said  commission  to  pay  the  necessary  traveling 
expenses  of  the  members  thereof  in  the  discharge  of  the  duties 
aforesaid,  on  the  presentation  of  such  certified  vouchers  as  the 
Auditor  of  State  shall  direct. 


(406) 


Report  op  The  Commission. 


407 


Sec.  4.  Said  commission  shall  make  a full  report  of  the  execu- 
tion of  its  trust  to  the  Governor  on  or  before  the  30th  day  of  Janu- 
ary, 1905. 


FIRST  REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSION. 

In  obedience  to  said  act  set  out  above,  Governor  Durbin  ap- 
pointed the  following  Commission:  Henry  C.  Adams,  Adelbert  B. 
Crampton,  M.  M.  Lacey,  E.  L.  Semans  and  Phillip  Lester,  who, 
upon  the  completion  of  their  duties,  submitted  the  following  report : 

To  Hon.  Winfield  T.  Durbin, 

Governor  of  the  State  of  Indiana : 

Sir  : The  commission  appointed  by  you  in  pursuance  of  Senate 
Bill  No.  107,  passed  by  the  Legislature  of  Indiana,  and  approved  by 
the  Governor  March  9,  1903,  respectfully  makes  the  following  re- 
port: 

In  response  to  notice  l'rom  the  Governor,  there  met  at  the  Governor’s 
Office,  May  18,  1903,  Henry  C.  Adams,  Adelbert  B.  Crampton,  M.  M.  Lacey, 
and  E.  L.  Semans,  Phillip  Lester  being  absent. 

The  Commission  organized  by  electing  Henry  C.  Adams  President; 
Thomas  M.  Hardy,  Secretary. 

The  president  was  directed  to  correspond  with  Capt.  W.  T.  Rigby, 
Chairman  of  the  Vicksburg  National  Park  Commission,  with  reference  to 
the  best  time  for  a visit  to  the  Park.  Such  correspondence  was  had,  and 
in  accordance  with  the  views  of  Capt.  Bigby,  the  Commission  met  at  Vicks- 
burg, November  21,  1903,  and  spent  November  22d  and  23d,  in  company 
with  Capt.  Rigby,  in  visiting  the  land  which  has  been  acquired  by  the 
United  States  from  the  former  owners,  for  the  purpose  of  establishing  a 
National  Military  Park,  in  accordance  with  Act  of  Congress  passed  in  No- 
vember, 1899,  and  approved  by  the  President  on  the  21st  day  of  the  same 
month. 

We  found  that  1,245.7  acres  of  land  had  been  purchased,  and  that 
avenues  had  been,  and  were  still  being  constructed,  as  follows : 

Confederate  Avenue: 

7.19  miles  in  length,  which  marked  the  Confederate  line  as  nearly 
as  possible  at  the  time  of  the  surrender,  July  4,  1863. 

Union  Avenue: 

7.43  miles  in  length,  which  begins  at  the  east  gate  of  the  National 
Cemetery,  and  following  the  line  of  the  main  works  of  the  Union 
Army  at  the  time  of  the  surrender,  aud  just  immediately  in  the 
rear  of  the  same,  continuing  to  a point  at  the  Confederate  Fort  Gar- 
rott,  where  it  intersects  Confederate  Avenue. 

Other  avenues  are:  Grant  Avenue;  Sherman  Avenue  (which  have 
their  beginnings  on  Union  Avenue),  Indiana  Avenue,  Wisconsin  Avenue, 
Illinois  Avenue,  and  Iowa  Avenue. 

The  total  length  of  all  these  avenues  is  26.5  miles. 


408 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


There  has  been  spent  by  the  National  Commission  in  acquiring  the 
land  and  constructing  avenues,  building  bridges,  and  other  improvements, 
about  $400,000.00,  and  the  work  which  is  in  comtemplation  by  the  National 
Commission  embraces  the  restoration  of  the  lines  of  earthworks,  restoring 
battery  redoubts,  mounting  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  pieces  of  artillery, 
and  placing  many  tablets  showing  the  positions  of  regiments  in  the  charges 
of  May  19th,  21st  and  22d,  as  well  as  showing  other  important  move- 
ments of  troops  engaged  in  the  siege;  and  when  this  great  work  of  the 
nation  is  supplemented  by  that  of  the  states  whose  troops  were  engaged 
in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  the  Vicksburg  National  Military  Park  will  be 
grand  in  all  of  its  parts,  in  all  of  its  features,  and  simple  and  easily  under- 
stood in  all  of  its  details. 

At  the  time  of  the  meeting  in  November,  1903,  there  was  considerable 
work  to  be  done  by  the  National  Commission,  in  surveys  on  a part  of  the 
Union  line,  principally  on  the  left;  and  it  was  not  practicable  for  the  Com- 
mission, at  that  time,  to  fully  and  satisfactorily  perform  its  whole  duties 
under  the  law.  and  another  meeting  was  arranged  for,  in  November,  1904. 

The  Commission  met  again  at  Vicksburg,  Wednesday,  November  16, 
1904,  in  the  evening,  and  early  the  next  day  proceeded,  in  company  with 
Chairman  Rigby,  of  the  National  Commission,  to  the  work  of  designating 
the  positions  for  monuments  and  tablets,  for  the  Indiana  troops,  which 
work  occupied  November  17th  and  18th. 

These  positions  were  marked  by  iron  markers,  which  were  numbered, 
record  of  which  was  made  by  the  National  Commission  and  the  Indiana 
Commission. 

There  were  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg  the  following  Indiana 
organizations : 

Twenty-four  regiments  of  infantry : The  8th,  11th,  12th,  16th.  18th, 
23d,  24th,  26th,  34th,  46th.  47th.  48th,  49th.  53d,  54th,  59th,  60th,  67th, 
69th,  S3d.  93d,  97th,  99tli,  and  100th. 

Two  batteries  of  artillery:  The  1st  and  6th. 

Two  companies  of  cavalry : Co.  C,  of  the  1st,  and  Co.  C,  of  the  4th. 

The  selection  of  positions  began  with  that  of  the  93d  Indiana  Infan- 
try, whose  position  was  nearest  to  the  right  of  the  Union  line  and  end- 
ing with  the  26th  Indiana  Infantry,  which  was  nearest  to  the  left  of  the 
Union  line. 

We  submit  herewith  a copy  of  these  records,  which  are  as  follows : 

93d  Regiment  of  Infantry. 

Col.  DeWitt  C.  Thomas. 

First  Brigade ; First  Division ; Fifteenth  Corps. 

Site  selected  for  monument : On  Union  Avenue,  on  the  line  of  Buck- 
land’s  Brigade. 

Marker  No.  832. 

Site  selected  for  the  tablet  marking  the  farthest  advance  in  the  as- 
sault of  May  19. 


Marker  No.  835. 


Report  op  The  Commission. 


409 


Pith;  97th;  99th ; and  100th  Regiments  of  Infantry,  and  0th  Battery. 
12th  Infantry. 

Col.  Reuben  Williams. 

97th  Infantry. 

Col.  Robert  F.  Catterson. 

99th  Infantry. 

Col.  Alexander  Fowler. 

100th  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Col.  Albert  Heath. 

6th  Battery. 

Capt.  Michael  Mueller. 

First  Division ; Sixteenth  Corps. 

These  troops  were  stationed  at  Haynes’  Bluff,  and  occupied  no  place 
on  the  interior  investment  line. 

Therefore,  a joint  monument  is  recommended  to  be  erected  on  site 
selected  on  Sherman  Avenue,  near  General  Sherman’s  Headquarters. 

Marker  No.  838. 


S3d  Regiment  of  Infantry. 

Col.  Benjamin  F.  Spooner. 

Second  Brigade;  Second  Division;  Sixteenth  Corps. 

Site  selected  for  monument:  On  Union  Avenue  on  the  line  of  Light- 
burn’s  Brigade. 

Marker  No.  834. 

Site  selected  for  tablet  marking  the  farthest  advance  in  the  assault 
of  May  19. 

Marker  No.  846. 


23d  Regiment  of  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Col.  William  P.  Davis. 

First  Brigade ; Third  Division ; Seventeenth  Corps. 

Site  selected  for  monument : On  LTnion  Avenue,  on  the  line  of  Gen. 
John  E.  Smith’s  Brigade. 

Marker  No.  836. 

Site  selected  for  tablet  marking  the  farthest  advance  in  the  assault 
of  May  22d. 


Marker  No.  837. 


410 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


48th  and  59th  Regiments  of  Infantry. 

48th  Infantry. 

Col.  Norman  Eddy. 

59th  Infantry. 

Col.  Jesse  I.  Alexander. 

Lieut.  Col.  Jefferson  K.  Scott. 

First  Brigade;  Seventh  Division;  Seventeenth  Corps. 

Site  selected  for  proposed  joint  monument:  On  the  line  of  Sanborn’s 
Brigade. 

Marker  No.  838. 

If  a separate  monument  for  each  regiment  is  erected,  the  sites  for 
each  should  be  on  the  same  line  on  the  right  and  left  of, 

Marker  No.  838 

Site  selected  for  tablet  showing  the  advanced  position  of  the  48th  In- 
fantry in  the  assault  of  May  22d. 

Marker  No.  841. 

Site  selected  for  tablet  showing  the  advanced  position  of  the  59th  In- 
fantry in  the  assault  of  May  22d. 

Marker  No.  920. 

16th;  60th;  and  67th  Regiments  of  Infantry;  and  Co.  C,  4th  Cavalry. 

16th  Infantry. 

Col.  Thomas  J.  Lucas. 

60th  Infantry. 

Col.  Richard  Owen. 

67th  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Col.  Theodore  E.  Buehler. 

First  Brigade;  Tenth  Division;  Thirteenth  Corps. 

Co.  C,  4th  Cavalry. 

Headquarters  Escort  Tenth  Division ; Thirteenth  Corps. 

Site  selected  for  joint  monument : On  Union  Avenue,  on  the  line  of 
Burbridge’s  Brigade. 

Marker  No.  839. 

If  separate  monuments  are  erected,  they  should  be  on  the  same  line, 
on  the  right  and  left  of, 

Marker  No.  839. 

Site  for  tablet  marking  the  farthest  advance  of  the  16th  Infantry  in 
the  assault  of  May  22d.  In  Hebrew  Cemetery. 

Marker  No.  914. 

Site  for  tablet  marking  the  farthest  advance  of  the  67th  Infantry  in 
the  assault  of  May  22d. 


Marker  No,  919, 


Report  op  The  Commission. 


411 


8th  and  18th  Regiments  of  Infantry ; and  1st  Battery. 

8th  Infantry. 

Col.  David  Shrink. 

Maj.  Thomas  J.  Brady. 

18th  Infantry. 

Col.  Henry  D.  Washburn. 

Capt.  Jonathan  H.  Williams. 

First  Brigade;  Fourteenth  Division;  Thirteenth  Corps. 

1st  Battery. 

Capt.  Martin  Klauss. 

Fourteenth  Division : Thirteenth  Corps. 

Site  selected  for  joint  monument : On  Union  Avenue,  on  the  line  of 
Benton's  Brigade.  Carr's  Division. 

Marker  No.  842. 

If  separate  monuments  are  erected,  they  should  be  on  the  same  line, 
on  the  right  and  left  of, 

Marker  No.  842. 

Site  selected  for  tablet  showing  the  farthest  advance  of  the  8th  In- 
fantry in  the  assault  of  May  22d. 

Marker  No.  918. 

Site  selected  for  tablet  showing  the  farthest  advance  of  the  18th  In- 
fantry in  the  assault  of  May  22d. 

Marker  No.  917. 

49t'n  ; 54th ; and  69th  Regiments  of  Infantry. 

49th  Infantry. 

Col.  James  A.  Keigwin. 

Lieut.  Col.  James  H.  Thornton. 

54th  Infantry. 

Col.  Fielding  Mansfield. 

69th  Infantry. 

Col.  Thomas  W.  Bennett. 

Lieut.  Col.  Oran  Perry. 

First  Brigade;  Nineteenth  Division;  Thirteenth  Corps. 

Site  selected  for  joint  monument : On  Union  Avenue,  on  the  line  of 
Osterliaus'  Division. 

Marker  No.  843. 

If  separate  monuments  are  erected,  they  should  be  on  the  same  line, 
on  the  right  and  left  of. 

Marker  No.  843. 

Site  selected  for  tablet  marking  the  farthest  advance  of  the  49th  In- 
fantry in  the  assault  of  May  22d. 

Marker  No.  921. 

Site  selected  for  tablet  marking  the  farthest  advance  of  the  69tli  In- 
fantry in  the  assault  of  May  22d. 

Marker  No.  922. 


412 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


47th  Regiment  of  Infantry;  and  Co.  C,  1st  Cavalry. 

47th  Infantry. 

Col.  James  R.  Slack. 

Lieut.  Col.  John  A.  McLaughlin. 

Second  Brigade;  Twelfth  Division;  Thirteenth  Corps. 

Co.  C,  1st  Cavalry. 

Capt.  William  McReynolds. 

Lieut.  James  L.  Carey. 

Headquarters  Escort ; Twelfth  Division ; Thirteenth  Corps. 

Site  selected  for  joint  monument:  On  Onion  Avenue,  on  the  line  of 
Slack’s  Brigade. 

Masker  No.  844. 

If  separate  monuments  are  erected,  they  should  he  on  the  same  line, 
on  the  right  and  left  of, 

Marker  No.  844. 

11th  ; 24th ; 34th ; and  46th  Regiments  of  Infantry. 

11th  Infantry. 

Col.  Daniel  Macauley. 

Lieut.  Col.  William  W.  Darnall. 

24th  Infantry. 

Col.  William  T.  Spicely. 

34th  Infantry. 

Col.  Robert  A.  Cameron. 

Lieut.  Col.  William  Swaim. 

Maj.  Robert  B.  Jones. 

46th  Infantry. 

Col.  Thomas  A.  Bringhurst. 

All  of  (Gen.  McGinnis’)  First  Brigade;  Thirteenth  Division;  Thirteenth 

Corps. 

Site  selected  for  joint  monument : On  Union  Avenue,  opposite  the  line 
of  General  McGinnis’  Brigade. 

Marker  No.  845. 

If  separate  monuments  are  erected,  they  should  be  on  the  same  line, 
on  the  right  and  left  of, 

Marker  No.  845. 

Tablets  showing  the  advanced  positions  of  the  11th;  24th;  34th,  and 
46th  Regiments  will  be  placed  on  Sharpshooters’  Line  by  the  National  Com- 
mission. 


53d  Regiment  of  Infantry. 

Col.  Walter  Q.  Gresham. 

Second  Brigade ; Fourth  Division ; Sixteenth  Corps. 

Site  selected  for  monument:  On  Illinois  Avenue,  near  the  north  end 
of  Illinois  Circle. 


Marker  No.  846. 


Report  op  The  Commission. 


413 


26th  Regiment  of  Infantry. 

Col.  John  G.  Clark. 

First  Brigade ; Herron’s  Division. 

Site  selected  for  monument : On  Iowa  Avenue,  at  the  point  of  the 
farthest  advance  of  Vandiver's  Brigade. 

Marker  No.  847. 

Proposed  site  for  Indiana  State  Monument:  On  Union  Avenue.  Po- 
sition designated  by, 

Marker  No.  851. 

The  Commission  reserved,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Legislature 
of  the  State  of  Indiana,  a site  for  a state  monument,  which  we  believe  is 
the  most  beautiful  position  on  the  Union  line,  and  in  the  immediate  lo- 
cality where  were  encamped  the  greatest  number  of  Indiana  Regiments. 

All  of  the  positions  designated  were  selected  by  the  Indiana  Commis- 
sion and  the  National  Commission,  in  perfect  harmony,  and  we  have  had 
valuable  advice  of  no  less  than  nineteen  of  the  Indiana  organizations  which 
were  engaged  in  the  siege,  these  comrades  being  present  with  us  on  the 
occasion  of  our  meetings  at  Vicksburg  in  1903  and  1904. 

We  cannot  speak  too  highly  of  the  skill,  ability,  and  efficiency  of  the 
Chairman  of  the  National  Commission,  Capt.  W.  T.  Rigby.  He  has  been 
engaged  in  his  duties  at  Vicksburg  for  more  than  five  years,  and  has  not 
only  surveyed  and  made  himself  thoroughly  acquainted  with  the  topog- 
raphy of  the  country  surrounding  Vicksburg ; the  location  of  all  of  the 
earthworks  of  both  Union  and  Confederate  armies,  but  by  careful,  thorough 
and  painstaking  studies  of  the  reports  of  the  regimental,  Brigade,  Divis- 
ion, and  Corps  Commanders,  and  the  Generals  chief  in  command  of  both 
armies,  has  acquired  a wonderful  knowledge  of  the  movements  of  all  the 
troops  engaged  in  the  battles,  which  preceded  and  led  up  to  the  invest- 
ment of  Vicksburg,  as  well  as  during  the  siege  proper.  The  work  of  con- 
struction which  he  has  carried  on  is  of  a high  character,  and  the  kindness 
and  patience  he  has  shown  to  all  who  visit  Vicksburg  Park,  cannot  be 
excelled. 

We  have,  heretofore,  set  out  in  this  report  that  there  were  twenty-four 
regiments  of  infantry ; two  batteries  of  artillery,  and  two  companies  of 
cavalry,  from  Indiana,  engaged  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg. 

There  were  company  organizations  in  these  regiments  from  seventy- 
one  counties  in  Indiana.  There  is  probably  not  a battle  in  the  war  in 
which  a greater  part  of  the  State  of  Indiana  was  represented  by  its  sol- 
diers. 

The  State  of  Illinois  furnished  fifty-five  (55)  regiments  of  infantry; 
eight  (8)  cavalry  organizations,  one  (1)  battalion,  one  (1)  independent 
company,  of  cavalry;  and  fifteen  (15)  batteries  of  artillery.  In  all,  eighty 
(80)  organizations. 

Ohio  furnished  twenty-six  regiments  of  infantry,  (26)  ; one  (1)  regi- 
ment of  cavalry;  and  twelve  (12)  batteries  of  artillery.  In  all,  thirty-nine 
(39)  organizations. 


414 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Iowa  furnished  twenty-eight  (28)  regiments  of  infantry;  two  (2)  regi- 
ments of  cavalry;  and  two  (2)  batteries  of  artillery.  In  all.  thirty-two 
(32)  organizations. 

Indiana  comes  fourth  in  the  number  of  troops  furnished. 

There  has  been  appropriated  by  the  State  of  Illinois  for  State,  Regi- 
mental, and  Battery  monuments  $250,000.00. 

Iowa  has  appropriated  $150,000.00. 

Ohio  lias  appropriated  $56,000.00. 

New  York,  with  three  regiments,  and  one  battery,  has  appropriated 
$12,500.00. 

Some  other  states  have  made  liberal  appropriations,  and  we  would 
respectfully  recommend  and  ask  for  an  appropriation  from  the  Legislature, 
of  the  session  of  1905,  for  the  erection  of  monuments,  which  will  give  to 
Indiana  troops  engaged  at  Vicksburg,  a recognition  which  would  be  in 
harmony  with  that  given  by  other  states  to  their  soldiers  who  served  at 
Vicksburg,  and  which  will  carry  out  the  provisions  of  Section  2 of  the 
Act  107  of  1903,  which  says : 

“That  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Commission  to  recommend  to  the 
Governor  of  the  State  such  subsequent  legislation  as  will  in  their  opinion 
permanently  and  suitably  mark  the  positions,  then  ascertained,  and  worth- 
ily commemorate  the  valor  and  services  of  Indiana  soldiers  in  the  cam- 
paign and  siege  of  Vicksburg.” 

Respectfully  submitted : 

Henry  C.  Adams,  President. 

Thomas  M.  Hardy,'  Secretary. 

Adelbert  B.  Crampton. 

M.  M.  Lacey. 

E.  L.  Semans. 

Philuip  Lester. 

ACT  AUTHORIZING  THE  APPOINTMENT  OF  A COMMIS- 
SION TO  CONSTRUCT  THE  MONUMENTS. 

The  Sixty-fifth  General  Assembly,  acting  upon  the  foregoing 
report,  passed  an  act  introduced  by  Senator  Kimbrough,  January 
23,  1907,  and  approved  by  Governor  Hanly  March  2,  1907,  provid- 
ing for  the  appointment  of  a commission  empowered  to  erect  such 
monuments  as  had  been  recommended,  and  making  an  appropria- 
tion therefor. 

AN  ACT  to  provide  for  the  appointment  of  commissioners  to  procure  and 
supervise  the  erection  of  monuments  in  the  Vicksburg  National  Park, 
as  memorials  for  the  organizations  of  Indiana  soldiers  who  took  part 
in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  in  the  year  1863;  to  provide  for 
the  dedication  of  the  same;  to  perforin  all  other  duties  naturally  in- 
cident and  pertaining  to  such,  and  making  an  appropriation  to  pay 
therefor. 

(S.  252.  Approved  March  2,  1907.) 


Report  of  The  Commission. 


415 


Preamble. 

Whereas,  Under  the  act  of  Congress  of  the  United  States,  ap- 
proved November  21,  1899,  establishing  the  Vicksburg  National 
Military  Park,  the  Government  of  the  United  States  has  purchased 
more  than  twelve  hundred  (1.200)  acres  of  land,  embracing  the  bat- 
tlefield of  Vicksburg,  for  a national  military  park,  and  has  ex- 
pended in  laying  oft  and  improving  the  same,  about  five  hundred 
thousand  dollars  ($500,000)  and  is  still  engaged  in  perfecting  such 
improvements;  and, 

Whereas,  The  said  acts  of  Congress  leave  the  duty  of  erecting 
monuments  to  memorialize  the  services  of  the  soldiers  of  the  various 
states  in  said  battle  to  the  states  from  which  they  came ; and. 

Whereas,  The  Legislature  of  Indiana,  by  an  act  approved 
March  9,  1903,  provided  for  the  appointment  of  a commission  to 
select  and  locate  places  for  monuments  to  be  thereafter  erected,  and 
said  commission  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  and  has  performed 
its  duties  and  made  report  thereof,  as  provided  in  said  act ; and, 

Whereas,  The  State  of  Indiana  had  engaged  in  said  siege  of 
Vicksburg  twenty-four  (24)  regiments  of  infantry,  two  (2)  com- 
panies of  cavalry  and  two  (2)  batteries  of  artillery;  and. 

Whereas.  The  States  of  Iowa,  Illinois,  Ohio,  New  York,  Massa- 
chusetts. Wisconsin,  Michigan,  Minnesota,  Mississippi,  New  Hamp- 
shire, Pennsylvania  and  Rhode  Island,  by  the  legislatures  thereof, 
have  made  appropriations  amounting  in  all  to  $623,500,  and  have 
appointed  commissioners  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  memorial  mon- 
uments to  commemorate  the  services  of  the  troops  of  said  States ; 
now,  therefore, 

Vicksburg  National  Park  Commission — Appointment. 

Section  1.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  general  assembly  of  the  State 
of  Indiana,  That  the  Governor  be  and  is  hereby  empowered  to  select 
and  appoint  a commission  of  five  citizens  of  the  State  of  Indiana, 
who  shall  have  served  as  soldiers  in  Indiana  organizations  in  the 
war  of  the  rebellion,  and  were  present  at  and  engaged  in  said  siege 
of  Vicksburg,  to  contract  for  the  construction  and  erection  of 
memorial  monuments  and  tablets,  under  the  supervision  of  the 
Vicksburg  National  Military  Park  Commission,  and  to  cause  the 
same  to  be  paid  for  in  compliance  with  the  provisions  of  this  act 
hereinafter  set  out. 

Officers  of  Commssion. 

Sec.  2.  The  officers  of  said  commission  shall  be  selected  by  the 
members  thereof,  and  shall  be  a president,  who  shall  be  a member, 
and  such  other  officers  as  the  commission  may  find  necessary, 


416 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Under  Direction  of  Governor. 

Sec.  3.  The  commission  shall  be  subject  to  the  direction  and 
control  of  the  Governor,  to  whom  said  commission  shall  report,  as 
directed  by  said  Governor,  who  shall  have  power  of  removal  and 
appointment,  so  long  as  said  commission  shall  continue  its  service. 

Expenses. 

Sec.  4.  Said  commission  shall  serve  without  pay,  other  than 
actual  expenses  necessary  to  the  discharge  of  their  duties:  Pro- 
vided. however,  That  one  of  the  members  thereof  may  be  employed 
for  a reasonable  compensation  to  perform  service  for  such  commis- 
sion, if  such  commission  shall  deem  such  employment  advantageous  : 
Provided,  however,  That  any  such  employment  shall  lie  in  writing, 
and,  to  be  binding,  shall  have  the  consent  and  approval  of  the  Gov- 
ernor endorsed  thereon. 

Monuments  and  Markers — Contracts. 

Sec.  5.  All  contracts  for  designs  or  monuments  and  markers, 
and  for  the  transportation  and  erection  of  the  same,  to  be  valid  and 
binding,  shall  be  in  triplicate,  in  writing,  signed  by  the  president 
of  the  commission,  and  approved  by  the  Governor,  and  copies  of 
such  contracts  shall  be  delivered,  one  to  the  Governor,  one  to  the 
contractor,  and  one  to  be  retained  by  the  commission. 

Contracts — Notice — Awards. 

Sec.  6.  Due  notice  of  time  and  place  of  awarding  contracts  for 
monuments  and  markers  shall  be  given  by  notices  published  weekly 
for  four  consecutive  weeks,  in  two  daily  newspapers  of  largest  cir- 
culation, published  in  the  city  of  Indianapolis. 

Payments. 

Sec.  7.  Payments  shall  be  made  upon  warrants  drawn  by  the 
Auditor  of  State  upon  vouchers  approved  by  said  commission  for 
the  work  and  expenses  provided  for  in  this  act,  such  vouchers  to  be 
in  compliance  with  the  law  prescribed  for  vouchers  now  in  force. 

Appropriation. 

Sec.  8.  To  carry  out  the  provisions  of  this  act,  there  is  hereby 
appropriated  out  of  any  fund  in  the  state  treasury,  not  otherwise 
appropriated,  the  sum  of  thirty-eight  thousand  dollars  ($38,000), 
to  be  expended  in  the  following  manner : In  the  erection  of  mon- 
uments for  twenty-eight  (28)  organizations,  not  less  than  the  sum 
of  thirty-three  thousand  six  hundred  dollars  ($33,600),  or  as  much 
thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  which  sum  shall  be  available  on  and 
after  November  1,  1907.  The  sum  of  forty-four  hundred  dollars 


Report  of  The  Commission. 


417 


($4,400),  or  so  much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  to  be  available 
on  and  after  June  1,  1907,  for  the  expense  of  the  commission  as 
traveling  expenses,  and  for  the  expenses  of  the  Governor  and  of  the 
participation  of  the  State  in  the  dedication  ceremonies  of  said  mon- 
uments, at  a date  to  be  hereafter  agreed  upon,  clerk  hire,  labor  em- 
ployed, office  rent,  and  other  necessary  expenses,  and  any  other  nec- 
essary and  legitimate  expense  incurred  by  this  commission  in  accom- 
plishing the  purpose  for  which  the  commission  is  created:  Pro- 
vided. That  should  there  remain  a balance  of  said  appropriation 
after  the  erection  of  the  monuments,  as  above  provided  for  and  the 
dedication  of  the  same,  such  balance,  not  exceeding  four  thousand 
dollars  ($4,000),  is  hereby  appropriated  for  markers  for  the  differ- 
ent historical  points  occupied  by  respective  regiments  and  batteries 
during  the  progress  of  the  battle,  where  monuments  can  not  be 
erected,  and  other  than  those  provided  by  the  govenment. 

Diligence  and  Promptness. 

Sec.  9.  The  work  of  the  commission  must  proceed  with  dili- 
gence and  promptness,  and  wherever  practicable  the  representatives 
of  the  different  regiments  and  batteries  may  be  consulted  as  to  their 
wishes  in  regard  to  designs  and  sites  of  the  monuments,  and  their 
wishes  shall  control  where  no  delay  is  occasioned  thereby. 

Maximum  C ost — Contribution s. 

Sec.  10.  The  maximum  limit  for  each  monument  for  each  or- 
ganization may  be  increased  by  contribution  by  persons  who  desire 
to  make  such,  and  the  commission  shall  use  contribution  in  con- 
junction with  the  provision  by  the  State  in  the  erection  of  the 
monument,  which  shall  be  selected  by  those  especially  interested, 
but  in  all  instances  the  contribution  must  be  in  the  hands  of  the 
commission  before  the  design  is  selected;  otherwise  the  proposed 
contribution  shall  not  be  considered. 

Commission — When  Discontinued. 

Sec.  11.  AVlien  the  work  of  the  commission  is  done,  or  in  the 
judgment  of  the  Governor  it  is  no  longer  proper  or  expedient  to 
continue  it,  it  shall  be  discontinued  by  order  of  the  Governor, 
whereon  all  contracts  must  be  at  once  closed  out  and  a complete 
report  made  to  the  Governor,  all  debts  paid  and  any  balance  re- 
maining unexpended  shall  at  once  be  returned  to  the  general  rev- 
enue fund  of  the  State. 


418 


Indiana  at  Vicksbukg. 


SECOND  REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSION. 

Governor  J.  Frank  Hanly,  in  compliance  with  the  provisions  of 
this  act,  named  the  following  participants  in  the  campaign  of  Vicks- 
burg as  members  of  this  commission : General  George  F.  McGin- 
nis, M.  M.  Lacey,  John  W.  Sale,  Henry  C.  Adams  and  Lewis  C. 
Moore. 

The  following  report  was  made  to  Governor  Hanly : 

Indianapolis,  January  4.  1909. 

To  the  Honorable  J.  Frank  Hanly, 

Governor  of  the  State  of  Indiana: 

Sir:  The  Indiana-Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission  respectfully 
submit  herewith  the  report  of  duties  performed  by  said  Commission  under 
the  authority  of  an  act  of  the  65th  General  Assembly  of  the  State  of  In- 
diana. 

May  29.  1907,  in  response  to  call  of  the  Governor,  the  Commission 
met  at  the  State  House,  in  the  city  of  Indianapolis,  and  organized  by 
electing  Henry  C.  Adams,  President;  George  F.  McGinnis,  Vice  President; 
John  W.  Sale,  Treasurer,  and  M.  M.  Lacey,  Secretary. 

August  22,  1907.  the  Commission  met  to  discuss  the  matter  of  designs 
for  the  monuments  to  be  erected.  It  was  then  suggested  that  it  might  be 
best  to  have  six  classes  of  monuments,  one  class  for  cavalry  companies, 
one  class  for  batteries  of  artillery,  one  for  regiments  which  were  not  in 
brigades  with  other  Indiana  regiments,  one  for  two  regiments  in  same  bri- 
gade, one  for  three  regiments  in  same  brigade,  one  for  four  regiments  in 
same  brigade.  Mr.  H.  L.  Ogborn  was  selected  as  designer  to  present  plans 
and  designs  for  monuments  in  accordance  with  suggestions  made. 

September  30,  1907.  The  Commission  met  and  resolved  to  adopt  the 
designs  presented  by  Mr.  IJ.  L.  Ogbom.  and  that  the  monuments  should 
be  erected  in  harmony  with  the  designs  adopted.  It  was  also  resolved 
that  a sufficient  number  of  markers  should  be  constructed  and  placed  to 
designate  the  most  important  positions  occupied  by  the  various  regiments 
in  the  charge  of  May  19  and  22.  1863.  and  during  the  siege  until  date  of 
surrender. 

November  6.  1907.  The  Commission,  after  correspondence  with  Capt. 
W.  T.  Rigby.  President  of  the  Vicksburg  National  Military  Park  Commis- 
sion. visited  the  park  at  Vicksburg  for  the  purpose  of  finally  locating  the 
positions  of  the  following  named  organizations : the  8th,  11th,  12th.  16th, 
18th,  23d.  24th.  26th.  34th.  46th.  47th.  48th.  49th.  53d.  54th.  59th.  60th, 
67th,  69th.  83d,  93d,  97th,  99th.  100th  Regiments  of  Infantry;  Co.  C.  First 
Cavalry,  Co.  C,  Fourth  Cavalry,  1st  and  6th  Batteries  of  Light  Artillery. 

It  was  finally  decided  to  erect  single  monuments  for  the  two  cavalry 
companies,  the  two  batteries  of  artillery,  and  for  the  23d,  26th,  47th, 
53d.  83d  and  93d  regiments  of  infantry.  Two-regiment  monuments  for 
the  8th  and  18th  regiments,  and  the  48th  and  59th  regiments.  Three-regi- 
ment monuments  for  the  16th,  60th.  and  67th  regiments,  and  the  49th, 
54th,  and  69th  regiments,  and  four  regiment  monuments  for  the  11th, 
24th,  34th,  and  46th  regiments,  and  for  the  12th,  97th,  99th,  and  100th 
regiments.  The  appropriation  for  monuments  to  be  allotted  equally  as 


Report  op  The  Commission. 


419 


possible  among  the  regiments,  and  the  monuments  to  cost  in  proportion 
to  the  allotments  made  to  the  regiments  represented.  It  was  also  agreed 
that  fifty-three  markers  would  be  needed  to  adequately  mark  the  important 
positions  occupied  by  the  various  regiments. 

November  28,  1907.  The  Commission  met,  adopted  and  approved  the 
designs  for  the  bronze  inscription  tablets  and  state  seals  to  be  placed  on  the 
monuments.  Plans  and  specifications  for  material  and  erection,  and  mat- 
ter connected  therewith  were  adopted.  Copies  of  same  are  filed  herewith. 
Notices  giving  time  and  place  of  receiving  bids  were  prepared  and  approved 
by  the  Attorney-General.  The  time  for  receiving  bids  was  set  for  Janu- 
ary 8,  1908,  10  o’clock  a.  in.,  at  Room  25,  State  House.  Due  notice  was 
given  by  publishing  the  same  in  the  Indianapolis  News,  the  Indianapolis 
Star  and  the  Monumental  News. 

.January  8,  190S.  The  Commission  met  and  there  were  submitted 
thirteen  bids  for  the  granite  work  of  sixteen  monuments  and  fifty-three 
markers.  The  Angola  Monument  Company,  in  the  opinion  of  the  Commis- 
sion, being  the  best  bidder,  was  awarded  contract  for  same,  the  cost  to  be 
thirty-two  thousand  five  hundred  and  eighty-five  dollars  ( $32,585.00. ) 
There  were  also  submitted  nine  bids  for  the  bronze  work,  including  in- 
scription tablets  for  twenty-eight  organizations  and  copies  of  the  seal  of 
the  State  of  Indiana  in  bronze  for  sixteen  monuments.  The  bid  of  the 
American  Bronze  Foundry  Company  was  the  lowest,  being  twenty-three 
hundred  and  sixty-six  and  85/100  dollars  ($2,366.85)  and  said  com- 
pany was  awarded  the  contract  for  the  same.  These  awards  were  made 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Governor,  and  his  approval  being  given,  the 
Attorney-General,  at  the  request  of  the  Commission,  prepared  the  neces- 
sary contracts  and  bonds,  which  were  sent  to  the  successful  bidders  for 
signatures.  The  same  were  finally  returned  properly  signed,  the  bonds  with 
sufficient  sureties,  and  they  were  duly  approved  by  the  Governor  and 
signed  by  the  Commission  February  13,  1908.  Copies  of  contracts  and 
bonds  are  filed  herewith. 

April  2,  1908.  The  Commission,  owing  to  difficulties  of  transporta- 
tion, agreed  that  the  large  bases  for  the  “four  regiment”  monuments  might 
be  divided  in  two  parts,  and  a reduction  of  three  hundred  dollars  in  the  con- 
tract price  was  made  by  the  Angola  Monument  Company  as  compensation 
therefor. 

The  work  of  construction  of  monuments  did  not  begin  until  some  time 
in  May,  1908.  Shipments  of  complete  work  to  the  National  Park  did  not 
begin  until  September  30.  reaching  Vicksburg  October  12,  1908.  The  last 
shipments  arrived  at  Vicksburg  November  11,  1908.  As  the  granite  was 
received  and  inspected  and  approved,  payment  of  fifty  per  cent,  therefor 
was  made  to  the  Angola  Monument  Company. 

January  4,  1909,  the  contracts  with  contractors  having  been  fully  com- 
pleted, the  balance  due  was  paid  them. 

The  appropriation  was  for  $38,000.  There  has  been  paid  for  granite 
work,  and  bronze  work  for  monuments,  the  sum  of  $34,705.85,  of  which 
$33,600  is  the  amount  specifically  appropriated  therefor ; $1,105.85  was 
applied  to  payment  for  markers  from  the  amount  appropriated  for  the 
expenses  of  the  Commission,  expenses  of  dedication  ceremonies,  etc.  The 
act  making  the  appropriation  provided  that  unexpended  balance  remain- 


420 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


ing  after  the  payment  of  such  expenses  might  be  applied  to  the  purchase 
of  markers.  There  lias  been  paid  for  all  expenses  of  the  commission  for 
all  purposes  and  for  all  expenses  of  dedication  $2,053.94,  making  total  of 
$37,359.79  expended  as  shown  by  vouchers  and  accounts  on  tile  in  the  office 
of  the  Auditor  of  State,  leaving  balance  on  hand  $040.21. 

In  closing  the  report,  the  Commission  takes  pleasure  in  acknowledging 
the  excellence  of  the  work  furnished  by  the  Angola  Monument  Company 
and  the  American  Bronze  Foundry  Company,  which  is  of  such  character 
as  to  give  satisfaction  to  the  representatives  of  the  State  who  were  inter- 
ested in  its  construction,  and  we  take  the  liberty  of  quoting  from  an  offi- 
cial letter  from  Capt.  W.  T.  Itigby,  Chairman  of  the  National  Commission, 
showing  their  satisfaction : 

“I  desire  again,  in  this  official  way,  to  express  my  satisfaction  in  the 
work  of  the  Indiana  State  Commission  in  the  Vicksburg  Park.  The  Indi- 
ana monuments  and  markers  are  second  to  none  in  this  park  in  beauty  and 
appropriateness  of  design  and  finish,  and  the  work  of  your  commission  on 
these  two  lines  is  complete  and  perfect ; each  Indiana  command  is  fully 
cared  for,  its  service  during  the  campaign  and  siege  being  accurately  re- 
corded and  its  positions  during  t lie  siege,  adequately  marked.  As  regards 
markers,  no  other  State  Commission  has  quite  so  thoroughly  done  its  work 
as  yours. 

‘‘Replying  to  your  inquiry  as  to  appropriations  by  states  for  the  Vicks- 
burg National  Military  Park,  I herewith  hand  you  a printed  circular  let- 
ter, in  which  the  facts  in  regard  to  this  matter  are  fully  set  forth." 

“Alabama;  commands  19,  appropriation  $25,000,  State  Memorial. 

“Illinois;  commands  79,  appropriation  $260,000,  State  Memorial  ($200.- 
000,)  79  monuments,  S5  markers. 

“Indiana;  commands  28,  appropriation  $3S,000,  16  monuments  (for  28 
commands),  53  markers. 

“Iowa;  commands  28,  appropriation  $150,000.  State  Memorial  ($100,- 
000),  13  monuments  (for  32  commands),  59  markers. 

“Massachusetts;  commands  3,  appropriation  $5,000,  State  Memorial. 

“Michigan;  commands  9,  appropriation  $20,000,  State  Memorial. 

“Minnesota;  commands  4,  appropriation  $25,500,  State  Memorial  ($23,- 
000),  3 monuments,  3 markers. 

“Mississippi ; commands  40,  appropriation  $50,000,  State  Memorial 
($45,000),  23  markers. 

“New  Hampshire ; commands  3,  appropriation  $5,000,  State  Memorial. 

“New  York ; commands  4.  appropriation  $12,500,  State  Memorial. 

“Ohio;  commands  39,  appropriation  $56,000,  39  monuments,  21  markers. 
Another  appropriation  lor  a State  Memorial  and  for  additional  markers 
(camp  and  sharpshooters’  line)  is  expected. 

“Pennsylvania ; commands  5,  appropriation  $15,000,  State  Memorial. 

“Rhode  Island;  commands  1,  appropriation  $5,000,  State  Memorial. 

“Wisconsin;  commands  17,  appropriation  $130,000,  State  Memorial 
($100,000),  13  monuments  (for  17  commands),  36  markers. 

“States  14,  commands  283.  Total  of  appropriations,  $797,000 — more 
than  $2,800  for  each  command.” 

Wm.  T.  Rigby, 
Chairman  of  Commission. 


Report  op  The  Commission. 


421 


The  Indiana  Commission  heartily  joins  in  the  recommendation  of  the 
National  Commission  that  an  appropriation  l'or  a State  Memorial  be  made 
by  the  Legislature  of  Indiana. 

In  printing  the  reports  of  the  Chickamauga  and  Shiloh  Commissions 
of  Indiana,  and  the  reports  of  the  Commissions  of  other  states  who  have 
had  in  charge  the  placing  of  monuments  on  ail  of  the  National  Military 
Parks,  it  has  been  the  rule  to  give  the  histories  of  the  military  organiza- 
tions engaged  on  the  various  battlefields,  where  parks  have  been  estab- 
lished, and  to  properly  illustrate  the  same,  and  we  respectfully  ask  and 
recommend  that  an  appropriation  for  three  thousand  dollars,  or  so  much 
as  may  be  necessary,  be  made  for  that  purpose. 

In  conclusion,  the  members  of  this  Commission  gratefully  acknowledge 
the  assistance  given  and  courtesies  shown  by  the  officers  of  the  State  with 
whom  we  have  come  in  contact  in  the  performance  of  our  duties. 

To  the  Governor  we  tender  thanks  for  the  honor  conferred  upon  us 
in  our  appointment  upou  this  Commission,  and  we  gratefully  acknowledge 
the  kind  treatment  and  wise  counsel  received  from  him. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

Henry  C.  Adams,  President. 

George  F.  McGinnis. 

John  W.  Sale. 

Lewis  C.  Moore. 

M.  M.  Lacey,  Secretary. 

AGREEMENTS,  SPECIFICATIONS,  BIDS  AND  CONTRACTS 

The  Commission,  after  inspection  of  the  preliminary  designs  and 
specifications  of  Harry  L.  Ogborn,  accepted  the  designs  and  entered 
into  the  following  contract  with  Mr.  Ogborn : 

Agreement  P>etween  Commission  and  Designer. 

(Executed  in  duplicate.) 

This  Agreement.  Made  and  entered  into  this  8th  day  of  October,  1907. 
by  and  Between  Harry  L.  Ogborn,  Designer,  party  of  the  first  part,  here- 
inafter known  as  the  Designer,  and  The  Indiana  Vicksburg  National 
Park  Commission,  of  the  City  of  Indianapolis!  County  of  Marion  and  State 
of  Indiana,  parties  of  the  second  part,  hereinafter  known  as  the  Commis- 
sion. 

Witnesseth  : That  the  said  Designer,  for  and  in  consideration  cf 
the  payments  to  be  made  to  him  by  said  Commission  as  hereinafter  pro- 
vided, does  hereby  covenant  and  agree  to  furnish  to  said  Commission  one 
complete  set  of  plans  and  specifications  for  the  erection  of  the  various 
Regimental,  Battery,  and  Cavalry  Company  Monuments,  as  per  general 
outline  of  designs  submitted,  said  plans  and  specifications  to  be  complete 
in  every  respect,  give  full  details  and  sizes,  so  that  the  work  may  be  in- 
telligently figured  from  same.  These  plans  are  to  follow  general  outline 
of  designs  adopted  by  the  Commission  with  such  chauges  as  they  here- 
after make.  These  plans  and  specifications  are  to  be  completed  at  such 


422 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


time  as  the  Commission  shall  designate.  There  shall  be  furnished  to  them 
also  water  color  perspective  designs  of  the  various  Monuments,  in  good 
size,  showing  all  details  for  the  purpose  of  newspaper  reproduction.  The 
said  work  to  be  done  in  a skillful  and  workmanlike  manner.  Said  Com- 
mission, for  and  in  consideration  of  said  Designer  strictly  performing  the 
covenants  and  agreements  above  specified  by,  and  at.  the  times  mentioned, 
hereby  do  agree  to  pay  said  Designer,  a sum  equal  to  Three  Hundred 
($300.00)  Dollars.  The  said  sum  to  be  payable  when  the  above  mentioned 
work  has  been  completed  in  compliance  with  the  above  contract. 

(Signed)  Harry  L.  Ogborn. 

(Designer,  party  of  the  first  part.) 

(Signed)  Henry  C.  Adams,  President. 

(Signed)  M.  M.  Lacey,  Secretary, 

(For  the  Commission,  party  of  the  second  part.) 

At  a.  meeting  of  the  Commission,  held  November  28,  1907,  the 
designs  for  the  bronze  tablets,  the  designs  for  the  monuments  and 
markers  and  the  following  specifications  were  approved  and 
adopted : 


SPECIFICATIONS. 

For  the  Monuments  and  Markers  to  be  Erected  in  the  National 
Military  Park  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi. 


monuments  and  markers. 

The  monuments  and  markers  to  be  built  in  accordance  with  the  Spe- 
cifications and  accompanying  drawings,  details,  diagrams,  etc.,  prepared 
for  and  adopted  by  the  Commission,  of  granite,  the  general  dimensions 
of  which  are  as  follows : 


Class  No.  1.  Four  Regiment  Monuments 
B.  Base,  11-  Ox  11-  Ox  2-0 
2d  Base,  8-10  x 8-10x1-6 
3d  Base,  7-  6 x 7-  6x1-6 
Die,  5-10  x 5-10x5-0 

Plinth,  5-  3 x 5-  3 x 2-0 
Cap,  6-  4 x 6-  4 x 3-3 


(2  in  number). 


Class  No.  2.  Three  Regiment  Monuments  (1  in  number,  may  be  in 
creased  to  2 in  number). 

B.  Base.  12-0  x 7-8  x 2-0 
Base,  9-8  x 5-4  x 1-6 

Die,  8-6  x 4-4  x 5-2 

Cap.  8-6  x 4-0  x 1-8 

Finial.  4-0x40x1-8 


Report  of  The  Commission. 


423 


Class  No.  3.  Two  Regiment  Monuments  (3  in  number,  may  be  les- 
sened  to  2 in  number). 

B.  Base,  10-  0x6-6x2-0 
Base,  7 -10  x 4-4  x 1-6 
Die.  7-  2 x 3-8  x 4-2 
Cap.  7-  6 x 4-Ox  3-0 

Class  No.  4.  One  Regiment  Monuments  (7  in  number,  may  be  lessened 
to  6 in  number). 

B.  Base.  S-0  x 5-2  x 2-0 
Base,  6-2  x 3-4  x 1-6 
Die,  5-4  x 2-6  x 3-3 
Cap,  6-2  x 3-4  x 2-4 

Class  No.  5.  Cavalry  Company  Monuments  (2  in  number). 

Base,  5-10  x 3-4  x 1-  8 
Die,  4-  6x2-0x2-11 
Cap.  2-  2 x 2-2  x 1-  2 

Class  6.  Artillery  Monuments  (2  in  number). 

Base,  5-10x3-4x1-  8 
Die,  4-  6 x 2-0  x 2-11 
Cap,  2-  2 x 2-2x1-  2 
Class  No.  7.  Markers  (53  in  number). 

2-6  x 3-7  x 3-0 


MATERIAL. 

All  material  of  whatsoever  kind  to  be  used  in  the  construction  of  this 
work  must  be  of  the  best  quality  procurable  for  the  purpose  intended, 
each  of  its  kind,  and  the  workmanship  must  be  strictly  first-class  in  every 
detail. 

EXCAVATION. 

The  work  of  excavations  and  foundations  will  be  done  by  the  Vicks- 
burg National  Military  Park  Commission  free  of  cost. 


GRANITE. 

The  granite  for  the  monuments  and  markers  may  be  either  Barre 
i Vermont),  or  Westerly  (Rhode  Island),  or  other  equally  as  good,  as  the 
Commission  may  elect,  of  the  best  quality,  free  from  imperfections  of  any 
and  every  description : it  being  understood  that  knots,  cracks,  seams,  shakes’ 
flaws,  or  discolorations  from  any  cause  will  be  classed  as  imperfections. 
It  must  be  of  even  color  and  texture. 

The  workmanship  must  be  strictly  first  class  twelve  cut,  and  executed 
from  full  size  detail  drawings  or  models  furnished  by  the  Commission. 
The  faces  of  the  markers  will  be  polished  where  the  inscriptions  appear. 

The  joints  must  be  straight  and  true  with  a firm  bearing  of  not  less 
than  four  inches  (4")  on  each  bed.  Each  stone  must  be  solid  and  all  lat- 
eral sections  where  shown  by  witness  lines  on  drawings.  Each  stone  must 
be  to  the  dimensions  shown  on  drawing  and  no  vertical  joint  will  be  per- 


424 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


missible.  All  arrises  and  corners  must  be  straight  and  true  and  all  cor- 
ners square  and  full.  Mouldings  and  carvings  must  be  cut  with  sharp 
outlines  and  arrises.  No  pieces  of  artificial  filling  or  patches  in  any  part 
of  the  work  will  be  permissible. 


SETTING. 

Each  piece  of  granite  must  be  set  in  a full  bed  of  Lafarge  Cement  mor- 
tar, with  %-incli  joint  neatly  calked  with  wedge  lead  and  thoroughly 
cleaned  at  completion. 

GENERAL  INTENT. 

It  is  the  intent  of  these  Specifications  that  a full  and  fair  understand- 
ing between  the  Contractor  and  Commissioners  shall  be  of  record,  and  that 
perfect  harmony  should  prevail  between  all  parties. 

It  is  understood  that  anything  shown  on  the  drawings  and  not  speci- 
fied, or  anything  specified  and  not  shown  on  the  drawings,  necessary  to 
the  proper  completion  of  the  work,  shall  be  considered  as  both  shown  on 
the  drawings  and  specified,  and  will  be  binding  in  the  contract. 

Any  work  or  material  condemned  as  being  inferior  or  unsuitable  for 
the  requirements  of  the  Contract  are  to  be  promptly  removed  at  the  cost 
of  the  Contractor. 

The  Contractor  shall  provide  all  labor,  material,  appurtenances,  scaf- 
folding, and  utensils  necessary  for  the  execution  and  completion  of  the 
work  in  accordance  with  the  drawings  and  specifications. 

REQUIREMENTS. 

The  Contractor  or  Contractors  will  be  required  to  furnish  indemnity 
bond  or  bonds  of  a Surety  Company  approved  by  this  Commission,  in 
amounts  equal  to  the  contracts  which  may  be  awarded  to  him  or  them, 
as  an  earnest  and  for  the  faithful  performance  in  carrying  out  the  provis- 
ions of  these  Specifications,  and  fulfilment  of  the  contract  or  contracts 
entered  into. 

Bidders  may  give  separate  prices  on  each  kind  of  monument  and  mark- 
ers proposed  to  be  furnished,  and  bidders  may  give  price  on  monuments  and 
markers  as  a whole.  The  Commission  reserves  the  right  to  award  con- 
tracts either  separate  or  as  a whole,  as  may  be  for  the  best  interests  of 
the  State  of  Indiana. 

The  Contractor  will  furnish  with  his  bid,  small  samples  of  granite  to 
be  used,  both  12  cut  and  polished,  and  the  material  and  work  must  be  equal 
in  all  respects  to  the  sample  submitted  and  accepted  by  the  Commission. 

Ail  debris  from  the  execution  of  the  work  is  to  be  promptly  removed, 
and  any  damage  to  the  surrounding  property  is  to  be  repaired  by  the  Con- 
tractor, and  the  Contractor  will  be  held  responsible  for  damage  or  accident 
to  employes  or  other  persons,  damage  to  streets,  roads  or  other  public  prop- 
city,  or  infringement  upon  any  regulation  occasioned  by  the  prosecution 
of  work  in  the  fulfillment  of  his  contract. 

The  Commission  reserves  the  right  to  accept  or  reject  any  or  all  bids, 
and  to  appoint  their  Supervising  Architect, 


Report  op  The  Commission. 


425 


Should  at  any  time  the  Commission  require  any  alterations,  additions 
to.  or  omissions  from  the  contract,  the  same  shall  not  in  any  way  affect  the 
validity  of  the  contract,  but  the  price  of  such  work  shall  be  added  to  or 
deducted  from  the  contract,  as  the  case  may  be.  Extra  work,  however, 
will  not  be  paid  for  unless  the  price  of  same  is  agreed  to  in  writing  and 
the  signatures  of  both  Contractor  and  Commission  are  affixed  thereto,  such 
orders  being  produced  and  surrendered  at  final  settlement  or  no  payment 
of  work  will  be  allowed. 

All  work  done  and  material  furnished  : hall  be  to  the  satisfaction  of 
the  Commission  and  Supervising  Architect. 

Sealed  bids  for  this  work  will  be  received  by  the  Board  of  Commis- 
sioners up  to  10  o’clock  A.  M.,  Wednesday,  January  8,  1908.  Address  all 
communications  to  the  undersigned  at  Room  25,  State  House,  Indianapolis, 
Indiana. 

Henry  C.  Adams, 

George  F.  McGinnis, 

John  W.  Sale, 

M.  M.  Lacey, 

Lewis  C.  Moore, 

Commissioners. 


BIDS. 

Invitations  to  bid  on  the  work  were  widely  advertised  in  the 
daily  press  and  in  technical  journals,  and  on  the  day  appointed, 
January  8,  1908,  thirteen  bids  for  the  stone  work  were  submitted. 
The  best  bid,  in  the  opinion  of  the  Commission,  was  that  of  the  An- 
gola Monument  Company,  Angola,  Ind.,  which  was  as  follows : 

ANGOLA  MONUMENT  COMPANY. 

Angola,  Indiana.  Jan.  3,  1908. 

lo  The  Indiana  Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission, 

Indianapolis.  Ind. 

Dear  Sirs  : We  will  furnish  monuments  and  markers  as  per  blue 
prints  and  printed  specifications  furnished  by  you,  from  the  best  Barre 
Vermont  granite,  as  per  sample  submitted,  as  follows: 

Two  4-regiment  monuments. 

One  3-regiment  monuments. 

Three  2-regiment  monuments. 

Seven  1-regiment  monuments. 

Two  Cavalry  Co.  monuments. 

Two  Artillery  monuments. 

Fifty-three  markers. 

For  $32,585. 

Per  Hetzler. 


All  work  to  be  examined  and 
passed  upon  by  supervising  archi- 
tect at  the  quarries. 

Angola  Monument  Co., 


426 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Nine  bids  were  received  for  the  bronze  tablets,  the  best  of  which 
was  that  of  the  American  Bronze  Foundry  Company,  of  Chicago. 

AMERICAN  BRONZE  FOUNDRY  CO. 

Chicago,  Jan.  6th,  1908. 

Indiana  \ icksburg  Military  Park  Commission, 

Room  25,  State  House,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

Gentlemen  : We  have  examined  the  plans  and  specifications,  as  pre- 
pared by  Arch’t  H.  L.  Ogborn,  covering  the  bronze  medallions  and  inscrip- 
tion tablets  to  be  placed  on  the  granite  monuments  erected  by  your  Com- 
mission at  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  and  for  this  work  as  per  the  plans  and  specifi- 
cations submitted  to  us,  delivered  F.  O.  B.  cars  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  ready  for 
erecting,  with  the  necessary  fastening  devices,  etc.,  we  can  cpiote  you  a 
price  of  Two  Thousand  three  hundred  sixty-six  and  85/100  dollars  ($2,- 
366.85.) 

Awaiting  your  favors  in  regard  to  same,  we  beg  to  remain, 

Yours  truly, 

American  Bronze  Foundry  Co., 

By  L.  D.  Burns,  Secy-Treas. 


CONTRACTS. 

After  suitable  bonds  had  been  filed  and  approved  by  the  Gov- 
ernor, the  following  contracts  were  drawn  by  the  Attorney-General, 
and  were  entered  into  with  the  successful  bidders: 

CONTRACT  WITH  THE  ANGOLA  MONUMENT  CO. 

This  Agreement,  made  and  entered  into  this  30th  day  of  January, 
1908,  by  and  between  the  State  of  Indiana,  acting  through  the  Indiana 
Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission,  constituted  by  an  act  of  the  General 
Assembly  of  the  State  of  Indiana,  approved  March  2,  1907,  and  consisting 
of  Henry  C.  Adams,  George  F.  McGinnis,  John  W.  Sale,  Lewis  C.  Moore 
and  M.  M.  Lacey,  hereinafter  designated  as  party  of  the  first  part,  and  W. 
T.  Lazenby  and  E.  M.  Hetzler,  partners  doing  business  under  the  firm  name 
of  the  Angola  Monument  Company,  hereinafter  designated  as  parties  of 
the  second  part, 

Witnesseth  : That  said  parties  of  the  second  part,  for  and  in  con- 
sideration of  the  agreements  hereinafter  made  by  the  party  of  the  first 
part,  hereby  agree  to  furnish,  complete,  to  said  party  of  the  first  part, 
and  to  securely  put  in  place  on  foundations  to  be  laid  by  the  National  Park 
Commission,  at  the  National  Military  Park  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  the 
following  granite  monuments  and  grante  markers;  all  of  which  shall  be 
made  by  said  parties  of  the  second  part  from  the  best  grade  of  Barre 
granite,  to  wit: 

Two  monuments  commemorating  the  services  of  four  Indiana  regi- 
ments each ; 

Two  monuments  commemorating  the  services  of  three  Indiana  regi- 
ments each ; 


Report  of  The  Commission. 


427 


Two  monuments  commemorating  the  services  of  two  Indiana  regiments 
each ; 

Six  monuments  commemorating  the  services  of  one  Indiana  regiment 
each ; 

Two  monuments  commemorating  the  services  of  an  Indiana  battery 
of  artillery,  each ; 

Two  monuments  commemorating  the  services  of  an  Indiana  company 
of  cavalry,  each ; 

Fifty-three  markers,  showing  position  of  various  Indiana  regiments 
during  the  siege  of  Vicksburg. 

Said  parties  of  the  second  part  agree  to  furnish,  construct  and  erect 
all  of  said  monuments  and  markers,  strictly  in  accordance  with  the  plans, 
specifications,  drawings,  details  and  diagrams  prepared  and  furnished  for 
said  monuments  and  markers  by  said  Indiana  Vicksburg  Military  Park  Com- 
mission, now  on  file  with  it.  and  identified  by  the  signature  of  Henry  C. 
Adams.  President  thereof ; which  plans,  specifications,  drawings,  details 
and  diagrams  are  hereby  referred  to  and  are  hereof  made  parts  as  fully 
as  though  incorporated  bodily  herein ; and  said  parties  of  the  second  part 
agree  to  cut  upon  each  of  said  markers  the  inscriptions  shown  by  said 
plans  and  specifications. 

Said  parties  of  the  second  part  further  agree  to  securely  put  in  place 
upon  said  monuments  respectively,  to  the  satisfaction  and  approval  of  said 
party  of  the  first  part,  such  bronze  inscription  tablets  and  bronze  seals  as 
shall  be  furnished  to  said  parties  of  the  second  part  by  said  party  of  the 
first  part ; and  to  perforin  said  work  of  placing  said  tablets  and  seals  in 
strict  conformity  with  the  plans  and  specifications  hereinbefore  referred  to. 

Said  parties  of  the  second  part  agree  to  fully  complete  all  of  said 
work,  including  the  construction,  transportation,  placing  and  completion 
of  all  of  said  monuments  and  markers  and  the  placing  of  said  bronze  tab- 
lets and  seals,  on  or  before  September  15,  1908;  delays  by  strikes  or  from 
causes  wholly  beyond  the  control  of  said  parties  of  the  second  part  ex- 
cepted ; and  for  each  and  even,-  day  beyond  said  last  named  date,  during 
which  said  work,  or  any  part  thereof,  remains  uncompleted,  said  parties  of 
the  second  part  agree  to  pay  to  said  party  of  the  first  part  the  sum  of  ten 
dollars  ($10.00)  per  day  for  each  and  every  day  of  such  time,  as  liquidated 
damages  and  not  by  way  of  penalty;  and  in  the  event  that  said  parties  of 
the  second  part  shall  finish  said  work  in  all  its  parts  ten  (10)  days  or  more 
before  said  fifteenth  day  of  September.  190S.  said  parties  of  the  second 
part  shall  be  allowed  a bonus  of  $5.00  per  day  for  each  day  beyond  such 
ten  day  period  that  said  work  is  so  completed;  not  to  exceed,  in  all,  credits 
for  ten  days’  anticipation  of  the  time  for  the  completion  of  said  work. 

Said  parties  of  the  second  part  further  agree  to  furnish  to  said  party 
of  the  first  part  a good  and  sufficient  surety  company  bond  in  the  penal  sum 
of  $32,585.00.  with  surety  or  sureties  to  the  approval  of  the  said  Indiana 
Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission,  conditioned  for  the  faithful  per- 
formance of  this  contract. 

It  is  further  agreed  by  the  said  parties  of  the  second  part  that  they 
will  furnish  to  said  party  of  the  first  part  within  thirty  days  from  the  exe- 
cution of  this  agreement,  a schedule  stating  the  prices  of  each  of  said  mon- 


428 


Indiana  at  Vicksuuhg. 


inner  ts  and  markers  respectively;  the  price  of  each  being  indicated,  in  said 
schedule  opposite  the  amount  and  markers  therein  described; 

Said  parties  of  the  second  part  further  agree  that  said  monuments  and 
markers  shall  be  at  their  sole  risk  until  the  same  are  finally  placed  and  are 
accepted  and  approved  by  said  party  of  the  first  part ; and  that  said  par- 
ties of  the  second  part  shall  be  absolutely  liable  to  said  party  of  the  first 
part  for  any  loss  of  or  damage  to,  said  monuments  and  markers  prior  to 
such  final  acceptance  and  approval,  and  shall  be  liable  to  said  party  of 
the  first  part  for  any  loss  of  or  damage  to,  said  bronze  tablets  and  bronze 
seals  after  the  same  are  delivered  by  said  party  of  the  first  part  to  said 
parties  of  the  second  part,  and  until  the  said  monuments  upon  which  they 
shall  be  placed  are  finally  accepted  as  aforesaid. 

In  Consideration  Whereof,  said  party  of  the  first  part  agrees  to  pay 
to  said  parties  of  the  second  part,  in  full  for  furnishing,  constructing,  erect- 
ing. placing  and  completing  all  of  said  monuments  and  markers,  and  in  full 
for  all  labor,  materials,  freight  and  other  charges  and  expenses  connected 
in  any  wise  therewith,  and  in  full  for  the  placing  of  said  bronze  tablets 
and  seals  and  the  inscribing  of  said  markers,  the  total  sum  of  $32. .“85.00, 
to  be  paid  as  follows: 

Fifty  per  cent,  of  the  cost  price,  as  determined  by  said  Indiana  Vicks- 
burg Military  Park  Commission,  of  such  of  said  monuments  and  markers 
as  shall  be  shipped  by  said  parties  of  the  second  part  to  said  Indiana  Vicks- 
burg Military  Park  Commission,  and  delivered  in  good  condition  to  said 
Commission,  f.  o.  b.  cars  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  shall  be  paid  by  said 
parties  of  the  first  part  to  said  parties  of  the  second  part  from  time  to 
time  as  said  shipments  are  delivered;  but  in  no  event  shall  such  payment 
be  made  upon  shipments  of  less  than  four  car  loads  at  one  time.  The  bal- 
ance of  the  contract  price  shall  be  due  and  payable  when  all  of  said  mon- 
uments and  markers  are  erected  and  completed  according  to  the  require- 
ments of  this  contract,  and  are  approved  and  formally  accepted  by  said 
Indiana  Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission. 

It  is  mutually  agreed  by  the  parties  hereto  that  any  changes  in  the 
plans  or  specifications  aforesaid,  whether  relating  to  additions  to  or  de- 
ductions (herefrom,  shall  be  agreed  on  between  the  parties  hereto  before 
the  same  are  made,  and  such  changes  and  the  addition  to  or  deductions 
from  the  contract  price  in  consequence  thereof,  shall  be  indorsed  upon 
this  agreement. 

In  Witness  Whereof  said  parties  have  hereunto  set  their  hands  and 
seals  this  30th  day  of  January,  1908. 

The  State  of  Indiana, 

Py  The  Indiana  Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission. 

P>y  Henry  C.  Adams,  President. 

Approved  this  13t'i  day  of  February,  1908. 

J.  Frank  Hani  r, 

Governor  of  the  State  of  Indiana. 

Angola  Monument  Co., 

IV.  T.  Lazenby. 

E.  M.  Hetzler. 


Report  op  The  Commission. 


429 


INDORSEMENTS. 

It  is  hereby  agreed  between  the  Angola  Monument  Company,  of  An- 
gola. Indiana,  and  the  Indiana  Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission,  that 
the  bases  of  the  two.  “four  regiment  monuments,”  to  be  erected  by  said 
company,  in  Vicksburg  National  Military  Park,  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi, 
may  each  be  divided  in  two  equal  parts,  and  in  consideration  therefor,  the 
said  Angola  Monument  Company  is  to  give  a credit  of  one  hundred  and 
fifty  dollars  on  each  monument,  making  a credit  of  three  hundred  dollars, 
on  the  contract  price  set  out  in  contract  hereto  attached,  for  which  said 
company  is  to  furnish  and  erect  monuments  in  said  Vicksburg  National 
Military  Park,  for  the  State  of  Indiana. 

The  Indiana-Vtckseurg  Military  Park  Commission. 

By  Henry  C.  Adams,  President. 

Angola  Monument  Co.. 

Per  E.  M.  Hetzler. 

CONTRACT  WITH  THE  AMERICAN  BRONZE  FOUNDRY  CO. 

This  Agreement,  made  and  entered  into  this  23rd  day  of  January. 
190S.  by  and  between  the  State  of  Indiana,  acting  through  the  Indiana 
Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission,  constituted  by  an  act  of  the  General 
Assembly  of  the  State  of  Indiana,  approved  March  2.  1907.  and  consist- 
ing of  Henry  C.  Adams.  George  F.  McGinnis,  John  W.  Sale.  Lewis  C.  Moore 
and  M.  M.  Lacey,  hereinafter  designated  as  party  of  the  first  part,  and 
the  American  Bronze  Foundry  Company,  of  Chicago,  a corporation  organ- 
ized and  existing  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Illinois  and  having  its 
principal  place  of  business  at  Chicago,  Illinois,  party  of  the  second  part. 

Witatesseth  : That  said  party  of  the  second  part,  for  and  in  consider- 
ation of  the  agreements  hereinafter  made  by  the  party  of  the  first  part, 
hereby  agree  to  furnish  complete  to  said  party  of  the  first  part  certain 
bronze  tablets,  approximately  thirty  in  number,  and  certain  bronze  state 
seals,  numbering  approximately  twenty-three,  the  exact  number  of  each 
being  indicated  in  the  plans  and  specifications  hereinafter  referred  to; 
and  to  deliver  the  same  free  on  board  cars  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  on  or 
before  July  1.  1908.  consigned  to  the  Indiana  Vicksburg  Military  Park 
Commission;  and  for  each  and  every  day  beyond  said  first  day  of  July, 
1908.  during  which  said  tablets  and  state  seals,  or  any  of  them,  shall  re- 
main undelivered  as  aforesaid,  said  party  of  the  second  part  agrees  to  pay 
to  said  party  of  the  first  part  the  sum  of  ten  dollars  per  day  as  liquidated 
damages  and  not  by  way  of  penalty. 

Said  party  of  the  second  part  further  agrees  to  make  an  exact  clay 
model  of  the  state  seal  of  Indiana,  as  the  same  will  finally  appear  in  bronze 
as  provided  herein,  and  to  send  the  same  to  Henry  C.  Adams,  President 
of  said  Commission,  on  or  before  thirty  days  from  the  date  of  this  contract. 

Said  party  of  the  second  part  further  agrees  to  prepare  and  furnish 
to  the  satisfaction  and  approval  of  said  Commission  all  of  said  tablets  and 
seals,  in  strict  accordance  with  the  plans  and  specifications  prepared  there- 
for, which  are  now  on  file  with  said  Commission  and  are  identified  by  the 
signature  of  said  Henry  C.  Adams,  President  of  said  Commission,  which 


430 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


plans  and  specifications  are  here  referred  to  and  made  parts  of  this  agree- 
ment as  fully  as  though  incorporated  bodily  herein ; 

Said  party  of  the  second  part  further  agrees  to  furnish  to  said  party 
of  the  first  part  a good  and  sufficient  surety  company  bond  in  the  penal 
sum  of  S2.366.S5.  with  surety  or  sureties  to  the  approval  of  said  Commis- 
sion, conditioned  for  the  faithful  performance  of  this  contract. 

In  Consideration  Whereof,  said  party  of  the  first  part  agrees  to  pay 
to  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  in  full  for  all  labor,  transportation 
charges  and  material  furnished  in  connection  with  the  work  aforesaid  and 
in  full  for  all  of  said  tablets  and  seals,  to  be  made  and  delivered  as  afore- 
said. the  total  sum  of  two  thousand  three  hundred  and  sixty-six  dollars 
and  eighty-five  cents  ($2,366.85),  the  same  to  be  paid  when  all  of  the  said 
tablets  and  seals  are  completed  and  delivered,  and  formally  approved  and 
accepted  at  Vicksburg.  Mississippi,  by  said  party  of  the  first  part,  acting 
by  said  Commission. 

Said  party  of  the  first  part  further  agrees  to  furnish  to  said  party 
of  the  second  part  on  or  before  thirty  (30)  days  from  the  date  of  this  con- 
tract, certified  copies  of  all  inscriptions  to  be  placed  upon  said  tablets,  with 
the  tablet  on  which  each  is  to  be  placed,  distinctly  indicated. 

In  Witness  Whereof,  said  parties  have  hereunto  set  their  hands  and 
seals  this  23rd  day  of  January,  1908. 

The  State  of  Indiana, 

By  The  Indiana  Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission. 

By  Henry  C.  Adams,  President. 

Approved  this  13th  day  of  February,  190S. 

J.  Frank  Hanly, 

Governor  of  the  State  of  Indiana. 

American  Bronze  Foundry  Company, 

By  C.  A.  Tinkham,  President. 

(seal.)  Attest:  L.  D.  Burns,  Secretary. 


Report  of  The  Commission. 


431 


Financial  Report 

Of  the  Indiana-Vieksburg  Military  Park  Commission. 


Appropriation,  1907  $38,000  00 

Expenses  of  the  Commission  $693  93 

Telephone,  telegraph,  postage,  advertising  and  steno- 
graphic work  137  44 

Printing  46  80 

H.  L.  Ogborn.  plans  and  additional  drawings  327  00 

Photographs  and  framing  103  50 

Expenses  of  the  dedication  1,575  13 

Recutting  granite  work  37  00 

Angola  Monument  Company  32,285  00 

American  Bronze  Foundry  Company 2,420  So 

Balance  373  35 


$3S,000  00  $38,000  00 

(Signed)  John  W.  Sale, 

Treasurer. 


I have  examined  the  above  report  and  have  found  the  same  to 
be  correct. 


W.  H.  O’Brien, 


Auditor  of  the  State  of  Indiana. 


(432 


Dedication  Ceremonies,  December  29,  190S. 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


Owing  to  labor  disturbances  in  the  granite  quarries,  the  Angola 
Monument  Company  was  unable  to  comply  with  the  contract  to 
complete  the  monuments  by  September  15,  1908.  This  necessarily 
postponed  the  dedication  of  the  same.  November  21,  1908,  after 
consultation  with  Governor  Hanly,  the  time  of  dedicatory  cere- 
monies was  set  for  December  29,  1908. 

On  December  27,  1908.  at  8 p.  in.,  the  Commission,  with  Gov- 
ernor Hanly  and  staff,  ex-Governor  Durbin  and  a few  others  as 
their  guests,  and  many  others  from  various  points  in  the  State, 
boarded  a special  train  and  departed  for  Vicksburg,  over  the  Penn- 
sylvania and  Illinois  Central  Railroads. 

The  party  arrived  at  Vicksburg  at  5 GO  in  the  evening  of  Decem- 
ber 28th.  and  established  headquarters  at  the  Hotel  Carroll.  They 
were  later  guests  at  a reception  given  in  honor  of  Governor  and 
Mrs.  Noel,  at  the  home  of  Colonel  Scudder.  The  citizens  of  Vicks- 
burg. on  the  day  following,  after  the  dedication  ceremonies,  ten- 
dered a reception  to  Governor  and  Mrs.  Hanly  and  the  Commission 
in  the  parlors  of  the  hotel. 

The  morning  of  the  29th  was  spent  in  sight-seeing,  and  later  the 
party  went  to  the  park,  where,  at  2 p.  m.,  the  dedicatory  ceremonies 
were  held,  the  program  being  as  follows : 

PROGRAM. 

Governor's  salute,  by  the  Warren  Light  Artillery,  Captain  Dennis  Hassley, 

commanding. 

Music Band,  12th  Regiment  Cavalry,  U.  S.  Army 

Invocation Rev.  W.  T.  Stott,  Captain  18th  Indiana 

Song,  “America” School  children  of  Vicksburg 

Call  to  order Henry  C.  Adams,  President  of  Commission 

Song,  “Star  Spangled  Banner” Miss  Clarissa  K.  Koons 

Delivery  of  Monuments  by  Henry  C.  Adams  to  Governor  J.  Frank  Hanly, 
representing  the  State  of  Indiana. 

Acceptance  of  monuments  by  Governor  Hanly,  and  delivery  to  the  United 

States. 

Acceptance  of  monuments  by  Captain  W.  T.  Rigby,  Chairman  of  National 
Park  Commission,  representing  the  United  States. 

Song.  “Just  Before  the  Battle.  Mother” Miss  Clarissa  K.  Koons 


[28] 


(433) 


434 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Address Governor  E.  F.  Noel,  of  Mississippi 

Song,  “Dixie” School  children 

Presentation  of  flowers  by  Mrs.  E.  F.  Noel  to  Gen.  George  F.  McGinnis,  a 
represent  ative  of  the  Union  veteran  soldiers. 

Address Ex-Governor  Winfield  T.  Durbin,  of  Indiana 

Song,  “Taps” Miss  Clarissa  K.  Koons 

Benediction Itev.  W.  T.  Stott 


Volley.  Company  A.  Volunteer  Southrons,  Capt.  James  E.  Gorman,  com- 
manding. 


Music,  Patriotic  Medley 12tli  F.  S.  Cavalry  Regiment  Band 

National  Salute Warren  Light  Artillery.  Capt.  Dennis  Ilassley 


Rev.  W.  T.  Stott  delivered  the  invocation  as  follows : 

“Our  Heavenly  Father — We  gladly  recognize  Thee  as  the  God 
of  the  ages  and  the  nations.  Thou  dost  give  the  people  of  the  earth 
their  boundaries  in  time  and  place,  if  largely  they  may  seek  after 
Thee  and  find  Thee,  though  Thou  are  not  far  away  from  every  one 
of  us.  Thou  wast  with  our  fathers  when  they  came  to  these  shores ; 
and  Thou  wast  with  them  and  hast  been  with  us  in  all  our  struggles 
for  liberty.  As  we  gather  today  to  dedicate  these  monuments  to  the 
memory  of  our  comrades  who  gave  their  lives  that  the  Republic 
might  live,  do  Thou  bless  us,  and  help  us  to  resolve  upon  a deeper 
devotion  to  the  welfare  of  our  common  country,  so  that  these  dead 
may  not  have  died  in  vain.  We  thank  Thee  for  the  patience  and 
perseverance  of  the  men  whose  work  made  these  exercises  possible. 
Bless,  we  pray  Thee,  the  many  in  all  parts  of  our  land  whose  eyes 
and  hearts  turn  towards  this  place;  bless  the  children  and  soldiers 
and  friends  who  kindly  unite  with  us  in  these  exercises and  bless, 
we  pray  Thee,  this  city  and  commonwealth  into  whose  keeping  we 
commend  these  sacred  places.  May  our  whole  country,  North, 
South,  East  and  West,  join  to  make  this  nation  one  whose  God  is 
Jehovah  and  whose  task  is  to  carry  the  light  and  truth  to  all  the 
nations  of  the  earth.  May  the  panoply  of  Thy  presence  and  power 
fall  upon  those  who  today  guide  our  thoughts  and  dictate  our  emo- 
tions. We  ask  all  and  offer  all  in  the  name  of  Jesus  Christ,  our 
Lord  and  King.  Amen.” 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


435 


ADDRESS  OF  PRESIDENT  HENRY  C.  ADAMS  IN  PRE- 
SENTING THE  MONUMENTS  TO  THE 
STATE  OF  INDIANA. 

Governor  Hanly,  Comrades.  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  : The 
first,  steps  taken  toward  the  erection  of  the  monuments  which  we 
have  met  here  today  to  dedicate  were  by  the  Sixty-third  General 
Assembly  of  the  State  of  Indiana,  who,  upon  the  suggestion  of 
Governor  Winfield  T.  Durbin,  passed  Senate  Bill  No.  107,  approved 
by  the  Governor  March  9,  1903.  The  act  provided  that  the  Gov- 
ernor of  the  State  be  and  is  hereby  authorized  to  appoint  a Commis- 
sion of  five  members  who  were  from  Indiana  organizations  partici- 
pating in  the  campaign  and  siege  of  Vicksburg,  said  Commission 
to  ascertain  and  exactly  determine  the  positions  of  each  Indiana 
organization  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  and  to  make  full  report  to 
the  Governor  on  or  before  the  30th  of  January,  1905. 

The  Governor  appointed  as  members  of  this  Commission.  E.  L. 
Semans.  8th  Indiana ; M.  M.  Lacey,  69th  Indiana ; Philip  Lester. 
16th  Indiana ; A.  B.  Crampton.  48th  Indiana,  and  Henry  C.  Adams, 
26th  Indiana.  May  IS.  1903.  upon  call  of  the  Governor,  the  mem- 
bers appointed  met  at  the  state  house  and  organized  by  selecting 
Henry  C.  Adams,  president,  and  Thomas  M.  Hardy,  of  the  16th  In- 
diana. secretary.  After  correspondence  with  Capt.  W.  T.  Rigby, 
president  of  the  Vicksburg  National  Park  Commission,  the  Commis- 
sion visited  Vicksburg  November  21.  22  and  23.  1903,  and  again 
November  16.  17  and  18,  1904.  and  with  the  advice  and  assistance 
of  Captain  Rigby  designated  and  appropriately  marked  the  positions 
of  the  various  Indiana  organizations,  which  were  the  8th,  11th,  12tli. 
16th.  18th,  23d.  24th,  26th.  34tli,  46th,  47th.  48th,  49th.  53d,  54th. 
59th,  60th,  67th,  69th.  83d.  93d.  97th,  99th  and  100th  Regiments  of 
Infantry;  Company  C,  1st  Cavarly;  Company  C,  4th  Cavalry,  and 
the  1st  and  6th  Batteries  of  Artillery.  The  selections  of  positions 
were  made  in  perfect  harmony  by  representatives  of  the  National 
Commission,  the  Indiana  Commission  and  representatives  of  nine- 
teen different  Indiana  organizations  who  had  served  at  Vicksburg, 
and  who  were  present  in  November.  1904.  At  the  time  of  the  selec- 
tion of  the  positions  of  the  organizations,  the  Commission  desig- 
nated, subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Legislature  of  Indiana,  a posi- 
tion for  a state  memorial,  and  the  place  we  occupy  today  is  the  one 
so  selected. 

The  Commission  made  report  of  the  same  to  Governor  Durbin, 
and  in  his  message  to  the  Sixty-fourth  General  Assembly,  which 


436 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


convened  in  1905,  he  recommended  “That  an  appropriation  be 
made  of  an  amount  sufficient  to  permit  the  erection  of  monuments 
and  markers  of  the  simple  but  massive  character  adopted  by  the 
National  Military  Parks  at  Shiloh  and  Chickamauga.  ’ ’ A bill  to 
carry  out  the  provisions  of  this  recommendation  was  introduced  in 
the  House  of  Representatives,  but  no  vote  was  taken  thereon.  In 
1907,  at  a meeting  of  the  Sixtv-fifth  General  Assembly,  a bill  was 
introduced  in  the  Senate,  providing  for  an  “Act  for  the  appoint- 
ment of  a commission  to  procure  and  supervise  the  erection  of 
monuments  in  the  Vicksburg  National  Military  Park  as  the  memo- 
rials for  the  organizations  of  Indiana  soldiers  who  took  part  in  the 
siege  of  Vicksburg  in  the  year  1863,  and  to  provide  for  the  dedica- 
tion of  the  same ; and  to  perform  all  other  duties  naturally  inci- 
dent and  pertaining  thereto  and  make  an  appropriation  to  pay 
therefor.”  This  act,  which  provided  for  an  appropriation  of 
$38,000,  was  passed  by  the  Senate  without  a negative  vote,  and  by 
the  Plouse  of  Representatives  with  but  three  dissenting  votes.  And 
was  promptly  signed  by  Governor  Hanly  March  2.  1907. 

Governor  Hanly  appointed  as  members  of  the  Commission, 
Gen.  George  F.  McGinnis,  John  W.  Sale,  67th  Indiana;  M.  M. 
Lacey,  69th  Indiana;  Lewis  C.  Moore,  93d  Indiana,  and  Henry  C. 
Adams,  26th  Indiana.  Upon  call  of  the  Governor  the  Commission 
met  at  Indianapolis  May  29,  1907,  and  organized  by  electing  Henry 
C.  Adams,  president;  Gen.  George  F.  McGinnis,  vice-president; 
John  W.  Sale,  treasurer,  and  M.  M.  Lacey,  secretary.  It  was  de- 
cided by  the  Commission  that  the  best  effect  could  be  produced,  in 
the  erection  of  monuments,  to  allot  to  each  organization  a propor- 
tionate share  from  the  amount  appropriated  for  monuments,  and 
when  there  were  two  or  more  organizations  serving  in  the  same 
brigade,  to  unite  the  amounts  allotted  to  each  regiment  and  erect 
monuments  costing  the  total  of  said  allotments.  Single  monuments 
to  be  erected  for  the  23d,  26th,  47th,  53d,  83d  and  93d  Regiments,  as 
these  regiments  were  not  in  brigades  with  other  Indiana  regiments. 
Two-regiment  monuments  to  be  erected  for  the  8th  and  18th  Regi- 
ments, and  for  the  48th  and  59th  Regiments.  Three-regiment  mon- 
uments for  the  16tli,  60th  and  67th  Regiments  and  for  the  49th, 
54tli  and  69th  Regiments,  and  four-regiment  monuments  for  the 
11th,  24th,  34th  and  46th  Regiments,  and  for  the  12th,  97th,  99th 
and  100th  Regiments.  Single  monuments  to  be  erected  for  the 
companies  of  cavalry  and  batteries  of  artillery,  making  in  all  six- 
teen monuments.  Specifications  were  prepared,  and  the  Commis- 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


437 


sion  secured  the  services  of  Mr.  Harry  L.  Ogborn  to  design  the 
monuments,  and  this  he  has  done  to  our  satisfaction. 

On  the  9th  of  November,  1907,  the  Commission,  after  corre- 
spondence with  Captain  Rigby,  visited  Vicksburg  for  consultation 
with  the  National  Commission,  and  in  company  with  Captain 
Rigby,  chairman,  visited  the  National  Military  Park  and  carefully 
examined  the  positions  which  had  been  assigned  to  the  various  In- 
diana organizations  and  found  no  occasion  to  change  any  one  of 
them. 

We  then  agreed  upon  the  style  of  fifty-three  markers,  which 
should  mark  the  various  positions  of  organizations  during  the  siege. 

The  Commission  desires  to  testify  to  the  skill,  efficiency  and 
ability  of  Captain  Rigby.  He  has  been  actively  engaged  in  this 
great  work  for  about  ten  years,  has  become  thoroughly  acquainted 
with  the  location  of  the  earthworks  of  both  armies  and  with  the 
topography  of  the  country  surrounding  Vicksburg,  and  by  careful 
and  painstaking  studies  of  the  reports  of  regimental,  brigade,  di- 
vision and  corps  commanders,  and  those  of  the  generals,  chief  in 
command,  of  both  armies.  He  has  acquired  a wonderful  knowl- 
edge of  the  movements  of  the  troops  in  all  the  battles  which  pre- 
ceded and  led  up  to  the  investment  and  siege  proper,  and  the  part 
taken  by  all  in  the  siege,  and  we  express  our  grateful  appreciation 
of  the  unfailing  courtesy,  kindness  and  patience  which  he  has 
shown  to  us  on  all  occasions. 

After  the  preparation  of  specifications  and  plans  had  been  com- 
pleted, notice  according  to  law  was  given  that  bids  for  monuments, 
markers  and  bronze  work  would  be  received  on  the  8tli  day  of  .Janu- 
ary, 1908.  and  upon  said  day  there  were  received  for  the  granite 
work  thirteen  bids ; and  for  the  bronze  work  nine  bids.  The  bids  of 
the  Angola  Monument  Company  for  the  granite  work,  and  of  the 
American  Bronze  Foundry  Company  for  the  bronze  work,  were 
deemed  the  best,  and  contracts  were  awarded  in  accordance.  Bonds 
were  filed,  and  approved  and  accepted  by  the  Governor  and  the 
Commission.  February  13,  1908.  Owing  to  labor  disturbances  in 
the  granite  quarries,  the  completion  of  the  monuments  and  markers 
has  been  delayed  beyond  the  time  provided  in  the  contract  for  the 
same. 

In  the  judgment  of  the  Commission,  the  granite  work  and 
bronze  work  both  have  been  well  done,  and  we  hope  will  meet  the 
approval  of  the  representatives  of  the  State  of  Indiana  and  of  the 
United  States. 


438 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


At  all  times  during  our  visit  to  Vicksburg,  we  have  received 
from  the  people  of  the  city  a cordial  welcome,  and  the  deepest  inter- 
est in  our  labors  has  been  shown  by  all  whom  we  have  met,  and  on 
this  day  of  the  finality  of  our  labors,  we  wish  to  make  acknowledg- 
ment of  the  same.  To  Governor  Noel,  who  so  kindly  and  promptly 
accepted  our  invitation  extended  to  him  to  be  present  today,  we 
extend  our  sincere  thanks.  To  Professor  Carr,  superintendent  of 
the  Vicksburg  schools,  and  to  these  school  girls,  who  have  added 
so  much  to  our  ceremonies  with  their  sweet  songs,  we  tender  our 
grateful  appreciation.  We  are  much  indebted  to  Captains  Gor- 
man and  ITassley  and  their  splendid  companies  for  their  presence 
and  assistance,  and  we  wish  them  continued  success  in  the  days  to 
come. 

Prom  the  representatives  of  the  local  press  of  Vicksburg  we  have 
always  received  kind  and  courteous  treatment,  for  which  we  ask 
them  to  accept  our  continued  regard  and  gratitude. 

And  now,  Governor  Hanly,  the  work  of  the  Commission  in  the 
matter  of  erection  of  these  monuments,  has  been  completed.  We 
have,  at  all  times,  and  in  all  matters,  acted  in  perfect  harmony. 
We  greatly  appreciate  the  honor  which  you  have  conferred  upon  us 
by  appointing  us  members  of  this  commission,  and  we  thank  you 
for  the  same.  Our  sole  aim  has  been  to  render  to  our  comrades, 
to  the  State  of  Indiana,  and  to  you,  the  best  service  in  our  power 
to  give.  The  law  providing  for  the  appointment  says  that  the 
Commission  shall  be  subject  to  the  direction  and  control  of  the 
Governor,  and  to  you  we  have  often  gone  for  advice  and  direction. 
This  you  have  always  given  us  in  the  most  kindly  manner.  You 
have  shown  more  than  official  interest  in  this  great  work,  it  has 
also  been  personal  and  patriotic,  and  we  now  deliver  to  you,  as  the 
representative  of  the  people  of  Indiana,  these  monuments,  which 
are  commemorative  of  the  valor  and  patriotism  of  the  men  of  Indi- 
ana who  served  here  more  than  forty-five  years  ago. 


■ 


Hon.  J.  Frank  Hanly. 
Governor  ot'  Indiana,  1905-1909. 


(440) 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


441 


ADDRESS  OF  GOVERNOR  HANLY. 
at  the  dedication  of  the  monuments  erected  under  the 

AUTHORITY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  INDIANA,  AT  VICKSBURG. 

MISSISSIPPI.  DECEMBER  29,  1908. 

Mr.  Chairman  and  Gentlemen  of  the  Indiana-' Vicksburg 
Monument  Commission  : To  you  this  is  no  new  stage.  Its  re- 
motest confines  were  once  familiar.  You  looked  upon  it,  front  and 
rear.  You  stood  before  its  footlights.  You  knew  its  comedy — its 
tragedy.  You  had  honorable  and  distinguished  cast  in  the  great 
drama  that  gave  it  fame  in  every  land  beneath  the  sun  and  place 
in  the  country’s  every  annal — a drama  as  real  as  human  life  in 
tensest  mood — in  which  eveiy  character  wr as  a hero ; every  actor  an 
inspired  patriot,  and  every  word  a deed — a drama,  the  memory  of 
which  is  enduring,  fadeless,  and  the  scenes  of  which  take  form  and 
color  even  now  and  rise  before  you  vivid  as  a living  picture.  How 
clear  the  outline  is : 

Time — The  Nation’s  natal  day,  forty-five  years  ago. 

Place — This  historic  field;  yon  majestic  river;  that  heroic  city 
there — a beleaguered  fortress,  girdled  with  these  hills. 

Scene — The  rivers’  broad  expanse;  Admiral  Porter’s  fleet — grim 
engines  of  war,  with  giant  gams  and  floating  batteries,  facing  deep- 
mouthed  and  frowning  cannon  on  terraced  heights;  the  intrepid 
Army  of  the  Tennessee,  with  camp  and  equipage,  occupying  a line 
of  investment  twelve  miles  in  length,  with  sap  and  mine,  battery 
and  rifle-pit.  marking  a progress  that  would  not  be  stayed,  fronting 
a system  of  detached  works,  redans,  lunettes  and  redoubts  on  every 
height  or  commanding  point,  with  raised  field  works  connected  with 
rifle-pits;  numerous  gullies  and  ravines — nature’s  defenses,  impas- 
sable to  troops;  all  in  all  more  impregnable  than  Sevastopol;  with 
here  and  there  ensanguined  areas  where  brave  men  met  death  in 
wild,  mad  charge  against  redoubt  and  bastian,  or  fell,  in  the  de- 
lirium of  frenzied  struggle,  on  parapets,  where  torn  and  ragged 
battle  flags,  borne  by  valorous  arms,  leaped  and  fluttered  for  a mo- 
ment amid  cannon’s  smoke  and  musket’s  glare,  only  to  fall  from 
nerveless  hands,  lost  in  the  chagrin  and  grief  of  repulse,  crushing 
and  disastrous. 

Denouement — Fortifications  sapped  and  mined ! A city 
wrecked,  subdued  by  want ! An  army  in  capitulation  ! A mighty 
host,  surrendered ! Flags  furled ! Arms  stacked  ! One  hundred 
and  seventy-two  captured  cannon ! Sixty  thousand  rifles  taken ! 
Twenty-nine  thousand,  four  hundred  and  ninety-one  men,  prison- 


442 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


ers  of  war — hungry,  emaciated,  broken,  dejected  men,  worn  by 
sleepless  vigil,  the  ordeal  of  war,  the  alarm  of  siege — men  who  suf- 
fered and  endured  but  would  not  yield  until  dire  distress  com- 
pelled— men  whose  gallant  valor  challenges  admiration  and  re- 
spect, and  g’ives  them  equal  claim  to  fame  with  their  invincible 
captors,  whose  iron  grip  and  ever-tightening  hold  they  could  not 
break!  Victory  complete  and  splendid!  And  over  all — river, 
field  and  city — where  crash  of  musketry,  roar  of  cannon,  scream  of 
shell,  and  all  the  tumultuous  din  of  war,  had  reigned — the  hush 
and  awe  of  silence,  unbroken  by  cheer  or  shout  or  cry  of  exultation ! 

Result — The  fall  of  Port  Hudson,  an  impregnable  fortress,  250 
miles  below ; th§  disenthrallment  of  the  Mississispi — unvexed  by 
war — its  waters  free  to  seek  the  sea  in  peace;  the  bisecting  of  the 
Confederacy — cut  in  two — severed  completely — its  doom  decreed — 
its  fate  forever  sealed — all  thereafter  dying  in  its  defense  going 
hopeless  and  in  vain  to  sacrificial  altars;  the  establishment  of  the 
Union’s  indissolubility — its  power  made  manifest  east  and  west — 
faith  in  its  ultimate  triumph,  though  the  pathway  led  through 
toil  and  blood,  became  assured,  the  Nation  saw  the  end,  distant 
but  sure — it  found  itself  and  it  found  a man,  and  that  man 
had  found  himself  and  had  found  others,  too — Sherman,  McPher- 
son, Logan,  ITovey,  Osterhaus,  McGinnis — a quiet,  silent  man,  of 
grim  determination,  who  “looked  upon  side  movements  as  a waste 
of  time” — a man  of  immovable  purpose,  who  went  to  his  object 
unswerving  as  a bullet — a man  of  sublime  courage,  who  wanted  “on 
the  same  side  of  the  river  with  the  enemy” — a man  of  calm  confi- 
dence, who  relied  upon  himself  and  the  disciplined,  hardy  men  who 
followed  him,  who,  under  him,  knew  no  defeat  and  who  were  un- 
willing to  learn  what  it  was — a man  who  knew  the  trade  of  war,  its 
science  and  its  rules,  but  who  dared  ignore  its  long-accepted  axioms 
when  occasion  required,  who,  when  he  could  not  protect  his  com- 
munications with  his  base  without  delay  and  the  diminution  of  his 
force,  could  cut  loose  from  all  communications  and  have  no  base, 
though  moving  in  the  heart  of  the  enemy’s  country — a man  of 
daring  brilliancy,  Avho  could  fight,  in  detail  a force  superior  in  the 
aggregate  to  his  own  and  defeat  in  turn  its  scattered  fragments 
before  they  could  consolidate — who  had  no  rear,  whose  every  side 
was  front — who  knew  that  “time  is  worth  more  than  reinforce- 
ments” and  that  delay  only  gave  “the  enemy  time  to  reinforce  and 
fortify” — whose  strategy,  celerity  and  rapidity  of  movement  threw 
confusion  into  the  councils  of  opposing  generals,  in  a land  strange 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


443 


to  him  and  filled  with  his  enemies — a land  with  which  they  were 
familiar  and  where  every  denizen  was  an  ally — a man  who  could 
keep  two  governments  guessing  for  weeks  both  as  to  his  purpose  and 
his  whereabouts — who  could  refuse  to  obey  an  order  that  had  been 
so  long  in  transmission  as  to  be  obsolete  when  it  reached  him,  and 
ride  away  to  victory  and  to  fame — whose  blows  fell  so  thick  and 
hard  and  fast  that  his  foe  had  neither  time  nor  rest  nor  food  nor 
sleep — a man  who  was  gentle  and  considerate  enough  when  his  foes 
surrendered  to  forbid  his  men  to  cheer  lest  they  should  wound  the 
sensibilities  of  their  captives — who,  in  the  hour  of  supreme  and  final 
triumph  could  speak  for  peace  and  give  back  to  his  captured  coun- 
trymen their  horses,  that  crops  might  be  put  in  and  cultivated. 

Time,  place,  scene,  denouement  and  result,  taken  together,  and 
all  in  all,  have  no  parallel  in  all  the  six  thousand  years  of  human 
history. 

It  was,  therefore,  inevitable  and  in  accord  with  man’s  nobler 
self,  that  this  spot — the  place  where  the  great  drama  was  staged 
and  played — should  become  hallowed  ground  to  those  who  struggled 
here  to  retain  or  to  possess  it ; that  it  should  be  held  forever  sacred 
by  the  Blue  and  by  the  Gray — the  victors  and  the  vanquished — by 
the  Blue,  because  of  what  was  won ; by  the  Gray,  because  of  what 
was  lost — by  both,  because  of  heroic  effort  and  devoted  sacrifice 
made  and  endured ; because  of  the  new  national  life  begun,  the  new 
birth  of  freedom  had,  through  their  spilled  blood. 

Vicksburg  was  the  most  important  point  in  the  Confederacy, 
and  its  retention  the  most  essential  thing  to  the  defense  of  the  Con- 
federacy. And,  after  the  safety  of  Washington,  its  capture  was 
the  first  necessity  of  the  Federal  government.  It  commanded  the 
Mississippi  Biver,  and  “the  valley  of  the  Mississippi  is  America.” 
The  control  of  this  great  central  artery  of  the  continent  was  neces- 
sary to  the  perpetuation  of  the  Confederacy  and  indispensable  to 
the  preservation  of  the  Union.  To  lose  it  was  death  to  the  one;  to 
gain  it  was  life  to  the  other.  The  campaign  for  its  capture  was 
therefore  the  most  important  enterprise  of  the  Civil  War.  Its  im- 
portance was  understood  and  appreciated  by  the  authorities  at  both 
capitals,  and  no  one  in  authority  in  either  capital  understood  it 
more  clearly,  or  appreciated  it  more  fully,  than  the  commanders  of 
the  two  opposing  armies — Grant  and  Pemberton.  Both  knew  the 
stake  and  its  value,  and  both  were  conscious  that  the  fight  to  possess 
it  by  the  one  and  to  retain  it  by  the  other  would  be  waged  to  the 
last  extremity.  And  each  was  resolved  that  the  great  issue  would 


444 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


be  with  him.  They  commanded  armies  equally  brave  and  well  dis- 
ciplined. efficiently  officered  and  equally  devoted  to  them  and  to  the 
respec  tive  cause  for  which  they  fought. 

Strength  of  position,  natural  and  artificial,  was  with  Pemberton. 
His  task  was  defensive — to  hold  what  lie  had.  Grants’  was  offen- 
sive— to  possess  what  he  did  not  have.  But  the  initiative  was  with 
him,  and  to  genius  that  itself  is  an  advantage. 

Pemberton  knew  the  ground — the  scene  of  the  campaign.  Its 
every  natural  adaptation  of  advantage  or  defense  was  to  him  as  a 
thing  ingrained  in  his  consciousness,  and  every  denizen  of  the 
country  about  him  was  the  friend  of  bis  army  and  his  cause. 

Grant  was  in  a strange  land,  without  accurate  knowledge  of  its 
topography  or  of  its  natural  difficulties  of  approach  or  opportun- 
ities of  defense,  and  concerning  which  such  knowledge  could  be 
acquired  only  by  the  exercise  of  infinite  patience,  by  unremitting 
toil  and  constant  investigation.  Its  inhabitants  looked  upon  him 
as  an  invader  come  to  despoil  their  country — to  lay  waste  their 
homes.  Among  them  all.  his  army  had  no  friend,  his  cause  no  ad- 
vocate. 

But.  while  position  and  natural  advantage  were  with  Pember- 
ton, the  ability  to  command  armies,  the  genius  of  concentration,  to 
decide  quickly  and  accurately,  to  design  with  daring  boldness  and 
to  execute  with  celerity  and  rapidity,  the  tenacity  of  purpose  that, 
come  what  will,  cannot  be  bent  or  turned  aside,  and  the  grim  deter- 
mination that  rises  in  some  men — God’s  chosen  few  “supreme  over 
every  let  or  hindrance” — were  with  Grant.  And  it  was  this  ability 
to  command,  more  than  all  other  things,  that  finally  enabled  him  to 
wrest  the  great  prize  from  the  hands  of  Pemberton  and  the  Con- 
federacy and  give  it  into  the  keeping  of  the  Union. 

The  campaign  was  Grant’s — his  alone — in  concept  and  in  execu- 
tion, from  the  beginning  to  the  end.  Its  details  his  government  did 
not  know.  For  a time  even  its  immediate  object  was  unknown  in 
Washington.  Its  design  was  without  successful  military  prece- 
dent. His  most  trusted  general  was  opposed  to  it.  But  Grant  saw 
and  understood.  The  day  lie  crossed  his  army  at  Bruinsburg  he 
was  “born  again.”  He  caught  a vision  that  inspired  him.  He 
was  transformed.  There  came  to  him  a confidence  that  thence- 
forth was  never  shaken — a faith  in  which  there  was  no  flaw.  Less 
than  two  years  before  lie  had  doubtfully  asked  himself  whether  he 
might  justly  hope  ever  to  command  a division,  and  if  so,  whether  he 
could  hope  to  command  it  successfully.  Now  he  knew  he  could 
command  an  army;  that  he  could  plan  campaigns,  and  that  he  could 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


445 


execute  them  with  high  skill  and  matchless  vigor.  He  had  found 
himself. 

General  Banks,  with  a substantial  force,  was  at  Port  Hudson, 
250  miles  down  the  river.  The  two  armies  were  expected  by  the 
authorities  at  Washington  to  co-operate  with  each  other  in  an  attack 
either  upon  Pittsburg  or  Port  Hudson.  Grant  had  heard  from 
Banks  that  he  could  not  come  to  him  at  Grand  Gulf  for  weeks.  In- 
stantly his  purpose  crystallized.  His  resolve  was  made.  He  would  not 
go  to  Banks  at  Port  Hudson,  nor  would  he  wait  for  him  at  Grand 
Gulf.  Waiting  meant  delay.  Delay  meant  strengthened  fortifica- 
tions and  a reinforced  enemy.  He  would  move  independently  of 
Banks.  His  army  was  inferior  in  numbers  to  the  aggregate  forces 
of  the  enemy,  but  he  would  invade  Mississippi,  fight  and  defeat 
whatever  force  he  found  east  of  Vicksburg  and  invest  that  city 
from  the  rear.  And  he  would  not  wait  a day.  Pie  would  move  at 
once.  He  would  go  now — go  swiftly  to  Jackson,  destroy  or  drive 
away  any  force  in  that  direction,  and  then  turn  upon  Pemberton 
and  drive  him  into  Vicksburg.  He  would  keep  his  own  army  a 
compact  force — round  as  a cannon  ball,  and  he  would  fight  and  de- 
feat the  enemy  in  detail  before  his  forces  could  be  concentrated. 
The  concept  was  worthy  of  Napoleon  in  his  best  moments.  It  was 
remarkably  brilliant,  audaciously  daring.  It  was  the  turning  point 
in  Grant’s  career — a momentous  hour,  big  with  destiny  for  him.  his 
army  and  his  country.  In  its  chalice  was  Vicksburg,  Chattanooga, 
Spottsylvania,  Appomattox — deathless  personal  fame — national 
solidity.  The  decision  was  made  without  excitement,  without  a 
tremor  of  the  pulse,  in  the  calmness  of  conscious  power.  John  Hay 
fancifully  compares  his  action  at  this  time  “to  that  of  the  wild  bee 
in  the  western  woods,  who,  rising  to  the  clear  air,  flies  for  a moment 
in  a circle,  and  then  darts  with  the  speed  of  a rifle  bullet  to  its  des- 
tination. ’ ’ 

A long  established  and  universally  accepted  opinion  of  war — 
one  that  ought  in  no  case  to  be  violated — required  any  great  body 
of  troops  moving  against  an  army  to  go  forward  only  from  an  estab- 
lished base  of  supplies,  which,  together  with  the  communications 
thereto,  should  be  carefully  covered  and  guarded  as  the  one  thing 
upon  which  the  life  of  the  movement  depended.  The  idea  of  sup- 
porting a moving  column  in  the  enemy’s  country  from  the  country 
itself  was  regarded  as  impractical  and  perilous,  if  not  actually  im- 
possible. The  movement  he  had  determined  upon  would  uncover 
his  base  and  imperil  his  communications.  Defeat  meant  irreme- 
diable failure  and  disgrace.  The  hazard  seemed  so  great,  and  the 


446 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


proposal  so  contrary  to  all  the  accepted  maxims  of  war  and  military 
precedents,  that  Sherman,  seeing  the  danger,  urged  Grant  “to  stop 
all  troops  till  the  army  is  partially  supplied  with  wagons,  and  then 
act  as  quickly  as  possible,  for  this  road  will  be  jammed  as  sure  as 
life.” 

Grant  knew  the  difficulty  and  the  peril,  but  he  was  not  afraid. 
He  knew  the  military  and  the  political  need  of  the  country.  lie 
knew  his  officers.  He  knew  the  army  he  commanded.  And,  know- 
ing all,  he  assumed  the  responsibility  and  took  the  hazard ; cut  loose 
from  his  base,  severed  his  communications,  went  where  there  was  no 
way,  and  left  a path  that  will  shine  while  history  lasts. 

Having  decided  his  course,  he  telegraphed  the  government  at 
Washington : “I  shall  not  bring  my  troops  into  this  place  (Grand 
Gulf),  but  immediately  follow  the  enemy,  and  if  all  promises  as 
favorably  hereafter  as  it  does  now,  not  stop  until  Vicksburg  is  in 
our  possession.”  Here  was  the  first  and  the  only  intimation  of 
his  purpose  given  the  government.  The  execution  of  his  purpose 
was  immediately  begun  and  pressed  with  personal  energy,  attention 
and  vigor  without  parallel  in  the  life  of  a commanding  general  of  an 
army.  Sherman,  who  of  all  men  had  the  best  opportunity  to  know 
and  the  best  qualified  to  weigh  the  extent  and  character  of  his  work, 
declares : ‘ ‘ No  commanding  general  of  an  army  ever  gave  more  of 

his  personal  attention  to  detail,  or  wrote  so  many  of  his  own  orders, 
reports  or  letters.  I still  retain  many  of  his  letters  and  notes  in  his 
own  handwriting,  prescribing  the  route  of  march  of  divisions  and 
detachments,  specifying  the  amount  of  food  and  tools  to  be  carried 
along.” 

Washburn  wrote:  “On  this  whole  march  of  five  days  he  has 
had  neither  a horse  nor  an  orderly  or  servant,  a blanket  or  overcoat, 
or  clean  shirt  or  even  a sword.  His  entire  baggage  consists  of  a 
tooth  brush.” 

John  Hay  says  of  him : “All  his  faculties  seemed  sharpened  by 
the  emergency.  There  was  nothing  too  large  for  him  to  grasp ; 
nothing  small  enough  for  him  to  overlook.  He  gave  directions  to 
generals,  sea  captains,  quartermasters,  commissaries,  for  every  inci- 
dent of  the  opening  of  the  campaign,  then  mounted  his  horse  and 
rode  to  his  troops.”  And  then,  for  three  weeks,  in  quick  and 
dazzling  succession,  came  staggering,  stunning  blows,  one  after  the 
other — Raymond,  Jackson,  Champion’s  Hill,  the  Big  Black — until 
he  stood  with  his  army  at  the  very  gate  of  Vicksburg. 

The  government,  hearing  that  he  had  left  Grand  Gulf  for  the 
interior  of  Mississippi  without  supplies  or  provision  for  communi- 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


447 


cation  with  his  base,  telegraphed  him  in  concern  and  alarm  to  turn 
back  and  join  Banks  at  Port  Hudson.  This  dispatch  reached  him 
days  after  at  the  Big  Black  Bridge,  while  the  battle  there  was  in 
progress.  The  message  was  handed  him.  He  read  it.  Said  it 
came  too  late.  That  Halleck  would  not  give  it  now  if  he  knew  his 
position.  As  he  spoke  the  cheering  of  his  soldiers  could  be  heard. 
Looking  up  he  saw  Lawler,  in  his  shirt  sleeves,  leading  a charge 
upon  the  enemy,  in  sight  of  the  messenger  who  bore  the  dispatch. 
Wheeling  his  horse,  he  rode  away  to  victory  and  to  Vicksburg,  leav- 
ing the  officer  to  ruminate  as  long  as  he  liked  upon  the  obsolete 
message  he  brought. 

I have  spoken  much  of  Grant.  There  is  reason  that  I should. 
No  campaign  of  the  war  is  so  insolubly  linked  with  the  personality 
of  the  commanding  general  as  the  Vicksburg  campaign. 

For  three  weeks  he  was  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee.  He  domi- 
nated it  absolutely.  His  personality,  with  its  vigor  and  its  action, 
was  in  all,  through  all.  over  all.  His  corps  and  divisions  were  com- 
manded by  great  men.  but,  with  a single  exception,  they  were  loyal 
and  devoted,  and  reflected  his  will,  and  sought  the  achievement  of 
his  purpose  in  every  act  and  movement.  During  these  days  Sher- 
man was  his  right  arm,  McPherson  his  left,  and  neither  ever  failed 
him.  The  whole  army,  officers  and  men,  caught  his  spirit  and 
shared  his  indomitable  purpose.  Nothing  could  daunt  it  or  turn  it 
aside.  There  was  no  service  it  did  not  perform,  no  need  it  did  not 
meet.  It  had  capacity  for  everything.  Grant  justly  said : “There 
is  nothing  which  men  are  called  upon  to  do,  mechanical  or  profes- 
sional. that  accomplished  adepts  cannot  be  found  for  the  duty  re- 
quired in  almost  every  regiment.  Volunteers  can  be  found  in  the 
ranks  and  among  the  commanding  officers  to  meet  any  call.”  Every 
obstacle  was  overcome ; every  difficulty  surmounted.  When  bridges 
were  burned,  new  ones  were  built  in  a night,  or  the  streams  forded. 
In  every  event,  the  light  of  the  morning  found  his  soldiers  on  the 
same  side  of  the  river  with  the  enemy.  If  rains  descended  and 
floods  came,  they  marched  on  though  the  roads  were  afloat  with 
water.  They  fought  and  marched,  endured  and  toiled,  but  they 
did  not  complain  or  even  murmur.  They,  as  well  as  their  officers, 
understood  the  value  of  the  stake  for  which  they  struggled.  They 
knew  they  were  marching  and  toiling  under  the  eye  of  a great  com- 
mander, one  who  knew  where  he  was  going  and  how  to  go ; that 
there  was  no  hardship  which  he  did  not  share,  no  task  from  which 
he  shrunk.  Weary  from  much  marching,  they  marched  on;  worn 
from  frequent  fighting,  they  fought  on,  all  but  exhausted  from  in- 


448 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


cessant  toil,  they  toiled  on,  in  a hot  climate,  exposed  to  all  sorts  of 
weather,  through  trying  and  terrible  ordeals,  watching  by  night 
and  by  day,  until  they  stood  in  front  of  the  rifle-pits  and  of  the  bat- 
teries of  the  city,  and  even  here  they  would  not  be  content  until 
they  were  led  in  assault  upon  the  enemy’s  works  and  had  stood 
upon  their  parapets  in  vain  but  glorious  struggle  for  their  posses- 
sion. 

What  a story  it  is ! How  it  stirs  the  blood ! How  it  inspires  to 
love  of  country ! How  it  impels  to  high  endeavor ! And  what  a 
valorous  foe  they  met ; they  were,  and  are,  thank  God,  our  country- 
men— besiegers  and  besieged.  In  their  veins  flow  kindred  blood — 
blood  that  leaps  and  burns  in  ours  today.  They  differed,  differed 
until  at  last  the  parliament  of  debate  was  closed,  and  then,  like  men, 
they  fought  their  differences  out,  in  open  war — on  the  field  of  battle 
— sealing  the  settlement  with  their  blood  and  giving  the  world  a 
new  concept  of  human  valor. 

There  were  wounds.  There  was  suffering.  There  was  heart- 
ache. There  were  asperities.  There  was  death.  There  was  be- 
reavement. These  were  inevitable.  But  there  was  a nobility  about 
it  all,  that,  seen  through  the  intervening  years,  silences  discord, 
softens  hate  and  makes  forgiveness  easy.  Today  we  laugh  and 
weep  together.  Wounds  are  healed;  asperities  are  forgotten;  the 
past  is  remembered  without  bitterness,  glory  hovers  like  a benedic- 
tion over  this  immortal  field  and  guards  with  solemn  round  the 
bivouac  of  all  the  dead,  giving  no  heed  to  the  garb  they  wore.  Their 
greatness  is  the  legacy  of  all — the  heritage  of  the  Nation.  Recon- 
ciliation has  come  with  influences  soft  and  holy.  The  birds  build 
nests  in  yonder  cannon.  The  songs  of  school  children  fill  the  air. 

Indiana  has  come  to  Mississippi  to  dedicate  monuments  erected 
by  her  to  the  memory  of  her  soldiers,  living  and  dead,  who  strug- 
gled here,  but  she  comes  with  malice  toward  none,  with  love  for  all. 
With  you,  sir,  the  Governor  of  this  Commonwealth,  and  with  your 
people,  she  would  pour  her  tribute  of  tears  upon  these  mounds 
where  sleep  sixteen  thousand  of  our  common  dead.  Her  troops 
were  here  with  Grant.  One  of  her  regiments,  the  69th,  sought  out 
the  way  for  the  army  beyond  the  river  yonder.  They  were  the 
“entering  wedge.”  They  were  in  every  battle.  At  Champion’s 
Hill,  Hovey’s  Division  bore  for  hours  the  battle’s  brunt.  Fighting- 
under  the  eye  of  the  great  general  himself,  they  captured  a battery, 
lost  it.  and  recaptured  it,  and  at  night  slept  upon  the  field  wet  with 
their  blood, 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


449 


This  gray-haired  general  here  was  with  them.  (Indicating  Gen. 
George  F.  McGinnis;)  He  is  a member  of  the  Commission  that 
erected  these  granite  tributes,  and  has  in  charge  these  ceremonies. 
He  has  come  to  lend  the  benediction  of  his  presence  to  this  occasion 
and  to  look  again  upon  the  ground  where  so  many  dramatic  and 
tragic  scenes  were  enacted — scenes  in  which  he  had  honorable  share 
— scenes  that  were  burned  into  the  very  fibre  of  his  young  man- 
hood's memory,  and  which  he  would  not  forget  if  he  could.  His 
days  have  been  long  lengthened.  We  are  glad  and  grateful  that  he 
is  here.  His  associates  on  the  Commission  were  here.  And  so 
were  these  battle-scarred  veterans  standing  here  around  about  you. 
They  give  character  and  purpose  to  this  occasion  and  a benediction 
to  this  service.  Through  them  and  their  comrades,  and  the  great 
army  in  gray  with  whom  they  contended,  both  we  and  you  are  be- 
ginning to  understand  the  message  and  the  meaning  of  the  war. 
They  have  taught  us  charity  and  forgiveness.  We  are  coming  “to 
know  one  another  better,  to  love  one  another  more.”  Here  upon 
these  hills  and  heights  was  lighted  the  torch  of  a national  life,  that 
today  is  blessing,  enlightening  and  enriching  the  people  of  the 
earth.  Our  prayer — a prayer  in  which  we  are  sure  your  hearts  are 
joined  with  ours — is  that  this  mighty  nation,  grown  great  and 
powerful,  may  know  war  no  more  forever ; that  it  may  walk  up- 
rightly. deal  justly  with  its  own  people  and  with  all  nations ; that 
its  purpose  may  be  hallowed,  its  deeds  ennobled,  its  glory  sancti- 
fied. by  the  memories  of  the  crucible  through  which  it  came,  and 
that  in  the  future,  if  war  must  come,  its  sword  may  be  drawn  only 
in  freedom’s  cause,  and  that  its  soldiery  in  such  case  may  acquit 
themselves  as  nobly  as  did  those  who  struggled  here. 

Mr.  Chairman  and  Gentlemen  of  the  Commission,  in  the  name  of 
the  State  of  Indiana  and  on  her  behalf.  I accept  these  splendid 
monuments  and  these  markers  you  have  erected  and  which  you  have 
so  eloquently  tendered  me.  and  in  the  name  of  the  State  and  on 
behalf  of  her  people.  Captain  Rigby,  I now  present  them  to  you,  as 
the  representative  of  the  national  government,  and  give  them 
through  you  into  its  keeping,  to  be  held  and  kept  forever  as  a sacred 
trust — a reminder  to  the  countless  thousands  that  in  the  gathering- 
years  may  look  upon  them,  of  the  share  Indiana  had  in  the  great 
campaign  that  ended  here  July  4,  1863. 


[29] 


Captain  William  T.  Rigby, 
Chairman  National  Military  Park  Commission. 


(150) 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


451 


CAPTAIN  RIGBY’S  SPEECH  OF  ACCEPTANCE. 

In  accepting  the  monuments  and  markers  on  behalf  of  the  gov- 
ernment cf  the  United  States,  Capt.  W.  T.  Rigby,  chairman  of  the 
Vicksburg  National  Military  Park  Commission,  said  : 

Governor  Haney,  Veterans  and  Citizens  op  Indiana:  We 
are  proud  to  have  you  with  us  today,  are  in  fullest  sympathy  with 
your  mission  to  this  battlefield  and  join  with  you  in  honoring  your 
heroes.  In  recalling  their  valor  and  achievements  we  also  honor  the 
brave  American  soldiers  opposed  to  them  at  Port  Gibson,  Raymond, 
Jackson.  Champion’s  Hill.  Big  Black  River  Bridge,  and  on  this 
battlefield.  From  1861  to  1865  our  country  gave  the  noblest  exam- 
ples of  patriotism  the  world  has  ever  known  and  on  a scale  un- 
dreamed of  before.  The  heroic-  constancy  of  our  soldiers.  North 
and  South  alike,  during  those  battle  years,  proves  the  moral  sound- 
ness of  American  character,  is  the  pledge  and  prohpesy  of  the  great- 
ness of  a united  country.  In  commemorating  their  devotion,  we  are 
building  for  a nobler  manhood  and  womanhood  in  every  part  of  our 
broad  land.  This  is  the  purpose  and  spirit  of  the  National  Military 
Park  work.  It  makes  no  discrimination  between  Union  and  Con- 
federate and  expects  the  example  of  each  to  be  alike  inspiring  to  all 
generous  Americans. 

Veterans  of  Indiana,  you  have  been  well  served  by  the  Com- 
mission appointed  by  your  Governor  to  commemorate  on  this  battle- 
field park  your  glorious  service  in  the  campaign  and  siege  of  Vicks- 
burg. May  I express  my  strong  desire  that  the  work  so  well  begun 
by  the  monuments  and  markers  you  have  seen  and  admired  may 
be  completed  and  crowned  by  a state  memorial,  second  to  none  in 
beauty  and  attractiveness,  erected  on  the  commanding  knoll  where 
we  are  now  assembled.  No  more  appropriate  site  for  an  Indiana 
memorial  can  be  found  on  this  or  any  other  battlefield.  Of  the 
State’s  sixty-nine  monuments  and  markers  in  the  park,  thirty -five 
are  south  and  thirty-four  are  north  of  the  Baldwin’s  Ferry  road  at 
our  left.  To  our  front,  on  ground  now  included  in  the  Jewish  cem- 
etery, stood  the  Confederate  lunette  on  this  road.  During  the  day 
of  May  22.  1863,  six  Indiana  regiments  marched  through  the  ravine 
at  our  right  to  assail  that  strong  work.  The  story  of  their  bravery 
and  the  record  of  their  casualties  are  borne  on  the  tablets  and  the 
Indiana  markers  that  stand  in  and  near  the  cemetery. 


452 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


Governor  Hanly,  by  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  for  and 
on  behalf  of  the  United  States,  1 accept  from  you  the  sixteen  beauti- 
ful monuments  (for  twenty-eight  commands)  and  the  fifty-three 
massive  markers  placed  by  your  State  in  the  Vicksburg  National 
Military  Park. 


Governor  E.  F.  Noel, 
Mississippi. 


(454) 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


455 


ADDRESS  OF  GOVERNOR  E.  F.  NOEL,  OF  MISSISSIPPI. 

Governor  Hanly  and  Other  Distinguished  Representatives 
op  the  Grand  State  of  Indiana,  Survivors  of  the  Vicksburg 
Campaign,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  : The  State  which  supplied  the 
only  President  of  the  Confederacy  and  a considerable  part  of  the 
soldiery  which  made  this  spot  historic,  and  in  which  occurred  the 
memorable  scenes  of  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  extends  to  you  and 
to  each  one  of  you  a most  cordial  welcome.  Nothing  could  be 
more  different  from  our  coming  and  welcome  now,  and  that  of  the 
representatives  of  our  respective  States,  who,  forty-five  years  ago, 
met  in  deadly  conflict,  in  battle  and  in  siege.  Now  we  are  all  fellow 
citizens  of  a happily  reunited  country,  the  grandest  and  best  of 
earth,  and  gladly  exchange  friendly  greetings.  Between  these  visits 
there  were  military  demonstrations  which  forever  removed  from 
question  the  completeness  of  our  Nation’s  reunion.  In  our  war  with 
Spain.  Indiana,  Mississippi  and  all  other  States  vied  with  each 
other  in  promptly  responding  to  our  Nation’s  call  for  volunteers 
to  uphold  its  flag,  prestige  and  power.  The  2d  Mississippi,  of  which 
I was  a member,  with  the  151st  Indiana  and  4tli  Nebraska,  consti- 
tuted the  1st  Brigade  of  the  3d  Division  of  the  7tli  Army  Corps. 
Our  brigade  and  corps  commanders  had  served  in  the  Confederate, 
and  our  division  commander  in  the  Union  army,  and  all  were 
equally  true  and  devoted  to  the  cause  in  whose  support  they  offered 
their  lives. 

Our  common  country  seeks  to  blot  out  and  to  forget  all  that 
might  excite  or  perpetuate  bitterness  on  account  of  the  late  unpleas- 
antness, and,  through  its  national  parks,  to  commemorate  the  valor 
and  heroism  of  officers  and  of  men  of  each  of  the  contending  armies 
without  reference  to  victory  or  defeat.  Our  Nation’s  work  here  is 
an  embodiment  of  this  patriotic  sentiment.  Pride  of  ancestry  en- 
nobles individuals  and  nations.  Without  it  neither  is  capable  of 
highest  manifestations  of  courage  and  of  self-sacrifice  for  convic- 
tion, or  for  country.  Gratitude,  duty  and  enlightened  self-interest 
impel  us  to  use  our  best  endeavors  to  transmit  to  our  posterity,  for 
their  inspiration  and  emulation,  enduring  memorials  of  these  who 
offered  life  and  property  in  defense,  as.  they  viewed  it,  of  the  honor 
and  welfare  of  their  country.  History  tells  us  of  no  better  soldiery 
than  that  engaged  in  the  Vicksburg  and  other  campaigns  of  the 
Civil  War.  In  behalf  of  Mississippi,  I cheerfully  attest  the  skill, 
courage  and  fortitude  of  the  troops  of  Indiana  and  of  other  North- 
ern and  Western  States  and  would  not  dim  that  glory  which  we 


456 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


have  just  heard  so  eloquently  praised.  Such  acknowledgment  takes 
nothing  from,  but  adds  much  to  the  splendid  achievements  of  the 
Confederate  soldiers,  and  especially  of  the  30,000  who,  for  forty- 
seven  days  and  nights,  without  reliefs  and  with  short  rations,  arma- 
ment and  ammunition,  made  successful  defense,  an  alert  and  gallant 
foe  of  eight  miles  of  entrenchment,  besides  a long  river  front,  con- 
santly  assailed  by  a strong,  active  and  fearless  fleet.  In  that  con- 
flict, on  each  side  occurred  so  many  instances  of  noble  self-sacrifice, 
each  worthy  of  the  most  splendid  monument  that  could  be  designed, 
that  to  recall  a few  would  be  unjust  to  the  omitted  many. 

The  people  of  Indiana  and  of  all  other  States,  North  and  South, 
honor  themselves  by  honoring  the  living  and  the  dead  who  partici- 
pated in  those  marvelous  exhibitions  of  courage  and  of  patriot- 
ism which  characterized  those  death-dealing  events  which  forever 
make  sacred  the  park  in  which  we  are  assembled.  Many  of  those 
consecrated  spirits  then  closed  their  earthly  career  and  quietly  sleep 
in  their  beautiful  nearby  resting  place,  which  should  forever  be  the 
recipients  of  our  Nation  ’s  loving  care.  Others  have  laid  their  bur- 
dens dow-n  and  rejoined  them  from  different  and  far-away  spots 
and  a small  and  honored  remnant  yet  survive,  having  here  appreci- 
ated representation.  To  the  living  and  the  dead,  Mississippi  joins 
Indiana  in  expressing  the  gratitude  and  appreciation  of  a fully  re- 
united country.  AVe  rejoice  in  whatever  adds  to  the  luster  of  our 
American  soldiers,  in  each  army,  and  heartily  unite  in  every  effort 
to  perpetuate  their  name  and  their  fame  for  the  guidance  and  in- 
spiration of  all  patriots  of  all  lands,  more  especially  those  of  our 
own,  the  best  and  greatest  the  w^orld  has  ever  known. 


4* 


Mrs.  E.  E.  Noel, 
Mississippi. 


(458) 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


■459 


SPEECH  OF  MRS.  E.  F.  NOEL. 

A short  while  ago,  when  the  Rhode  Island  delegation  came  to 
dedicate  their  monument,  I brought  them  an  offering  of  good-will 
as  well  as  tribute  of  respect  for  their  heroes,  living  and  dead.  I 
could  not  do  less  for  the  old  soldiers  of  Indiana.  My  people  are 
Southern — have  been  for  many  generations,  and  all  my  relatives 
and  interests  are  here  in  the  Southland.  Still  that  does  not  prevent 
us,  in  common  with  our  neighbors  and  friends,  from  recognizing 
bravery  and  heroism,  even  when  these  qualities  are  possessed  by 
those  opposed  to  us.  Not  one  soldier  shut  up  in  this  beleagured 
city  from  May  19  to  J uly  4,  1863,  ever  questioned  the  fighting  qual- 
ities of  the  foe,  and  the  monuments  scattered  over  these  hills  bear 
eloquent  testimony  that  the  invaders  experienced  much  personal 
discomfort,  difficulty  and  danger  in  entering  the  city.  After  forty- 
five  years  some  of  you  who  were  here  then,  are  with  us  today.  If 
our  greeting  is  less  warm,  it  is  nevertheless  cordial,  and  right  here 
I wish  to  impress  the  fact  that  patriotism  is  not  always  synonymous 
with  fireworks  (of  the  kind  then  indulged  in). 

I am  a daughter  of  the  Confederacy,  my  father  and  relatives 
laying  not  a part  but  all  they  had  upon  the  altar  of  their  convic- 
tions. One  marched  away  from  Charlotte,  North  Carolina,  with 
the  Hornet  Nest’s  Rifles,  upon  whose  roster  our  family  name  has 
been  continuously  since  the  battle  of  King’s  Mountain.  He  gave 
up  his  life  in  the  Wilderness.  Another  died  at  Gettysburg,  another 
at  Atlanta.  Of  all  who  went  out,  only  my  father  returned. 

From  my  earliest  remembrance  I heard  my  father  relate  inci- 
dents of  this  siege,  but,  best  of  all,  was  to  sit  in  black  mammy’s 
lap  and  listen,  in  terrified  ecstasy,  to  blood-curdling  tales  of  when 
she  “was  wid  de  Yankees.”  Longing  for  freedom  this  faithful  old 
servant  had  driven  away,  arrayed  in  mother’s  best  silk  dress,  seated 
in  the  family  carriage.  (She  only  rode  over  the  hill,  we  afterwards 
learned.)  Cooking  at  Vicksburg  headquarters  was  not  like  caring 
for  the  children  at  home,  especially  when  she  had  expected  to  be  a 
“lady.”  Falling  ill,  a message  came  to  my  mother,  who  sent  for 
her.  In  after  years,  in  answer  to  my  childish  question  of  why  she 
came  back,  she  always  replied,  ‘ ‘ Home  de  best,  honey.  Mammy  am 
gwine  nebber  go  away  no  more,”  and  she  never  did,  though  she 
lived  many  years. 

The  Vicksburg  National  Park  is  one.  if  not  the  most  interesting- 
spot  in  our  Southland.  Here  our  fathers,  uncles  and  relatives  of 
every  degree  gave  their  lives  gladly  for  the  cause  they  loved.  Your 


460 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


loved  ones,  too,  fought  for  conscience  sake.  All  alike  were  patriots 
and  heroes.  It  seems  to  me  it  is  sacred  ground,  sanctified  by  heroic 
blood,  both  Northern  and  Southern.  The  young  and  many  of  the 
older  generations  cherish  no  bitterness  over  the  result.  We  rejoice 
to  be  a part  of  our  great  united  country,  the  greatest  on  which  the 
sun  ever  shone.  To  North,  East  and  West,  Mississippi  and  the 
South  extends  a message  of  peace  and  good-will  to  all  man.  These 
dowel’s  a Mississippi  woman  offers  in  memory  of  her  father,  one  of 
General  Pemberton’s  artillery  officers,  who  did  his  duty,  accepted 
the  inevitable  philosophically,  came  home,  and  when  his  children 
grew  around  him,  taught  them  to  love  their  country,  and  were  he 
here  today  would  approve  my  act.  Nor  would  he  have  me  withhold 
one  flower,  even  though  it  were  to  be  placed  on  a monument  erected 
to  commemorate  the  valor  of  a former  foe. 

There  being  no  monuments  as  yet  erected  on  this  spot,  I’m 
going  to  do  the  next  best  thing  and  present  these  flowers  to  your 
gallant  general  who  sits  facing  me — brave  General  McGinnis,  who 
led  his  men  through  the  defile  to  our  right,  facing  the  murderous 
guns  of  Fort  Garrott.  All  honor  to  him  and  the  men  who  followed. 


■ 


Hon.  Winfield  T.  Dubbin, 
Governor  of  Indiana,  1901-1905. 


(462) 


Dedication  Ceremonies. 


468 


SPEECH  OF  COL.  WINFIELD  T.  DURBIN. 

Governor  and  Mrs.  Noel:  Forty-five  years  ago  today,  after 
marching  through  the  mud  of  the  Yazoo  River  bottoms,  I knocked  at 
your  door — Vicksburg — and  was  denied  entrance.  You  told  me 
and  my  comrades  “to  go  hence  and  stand  not  upon  the  order  of 
g'oing,  or  what  you  would  do  to  us  would  be  good  and  plenty.” 
Your  expression  was  not  polite,  nor  your  language  elegant.  We 
went,  but  returned  soon  and  again  asked  admission,  which  was  de- 
nied: and  when  we  were  finally  told  to  come  in,  the  greeting  was 
most  lacking  in  cordiality.  Now  when  I come  again,  accompanied 
by  friends  and  comrades,  Vicksburg  opens  wide  her  welcoming 
gates — we  are  most  cordially  invited  to  enter.  We  have  tasted  of 
your  hospitality  and  like  it.  You  make  us  feel  almost  as  much  at 
home  as  though  we  were  beside  our  own  firesides  in  happy  Hoosier- 
dom.  When  I came  first,  it  was  as  a soldier  demanding  admission 
and  with  no  kind  feeling  for  you.  We  bore  hatred  in  our  hearts 
against  you — we  were  seeking  your  heart’s  blood,  and  you  will  agree 
with  me  that  our  feeling  for  you  was  heartily  reciprocated.  But 
now.  after  the  lapse  of  years,  we  come  at  this  Yuletime,  bringing  the 
proclamation  that  has  come  down  through  the  ages  to  us,  “Peace 
on  earth — good-will  to  men”;  and,  as  we  come  in  peace,  so  are  Ave 
received.  We  come  on  a mission  which  recalls  all  the  horrors  of 
Avar,  and  yet  Ave  forget  all  but  the  memory  of  those  Avho  struggled, 
and  sacrificed  for  the  cause  they  espoused  and  the  flag  they  loved. 
Indiana  cherishes  in  memory  dear  her  soldiers  in  all  wars — not  only 
on  this  battlefield  has  the  State  had  erected  monuments  and  mark- 
ers, but  likewise  ou  the  fields  of  Shiloh  and  Chickamauga,  a shaft  at 
Andersomdlle,  and  in  the  capital  city  of  our  State  there  stands  a 
magnificent  shaft,  erected  in  memory  of  the  “Soldiers  and  Sailors” 
of  all  wars,  at  a cost  of  $750,000.00  We  revere  the  name  of  our  War 
GoAmrnor.  01iArer  P.  Morton,  whose  first  concern  was  for  the  welfare 
of  the  soldiers — sick  and  wounded.  A battle  Avas  hardly  finished 
until  his  agents  of  mercy  were  there  to  care  for  the  Avounded.  lie 
looked  vigilantly  after  them  in  hospitals.  It  Avas  my  good  fortune 
during  part  of  my  service  in  the  Spanish- American  War  to  serve 
Avith  regiments  from  Texas,  Louisiana,  Missouri,  Mississippi,  the 
two  Carolinas  and  Virginia,  in  the  7th  Army  Corps,  commanded  by 
that  gallant  cavalry  leader  of  the  Confederate  army.  General  Fitz- 
hugh  Lee,  and  in  a brigade  commanded  for  a time  by  a son  of  Mis- 


464 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


sissippi.  who  also  served  in  the  Confederate  army,  and  where  Lee 
would  have  ordered  and  Montgomery  led,  the  regiments  from  the 
North  would  have  followed  as  gallantly  and  bravely  as  though  com- 
manded by  those  who  had  worn  the  blue  during  the  Civil  War.  If 
there  was  further  need  of  eliminating  the  old  sectional  feeling  grow- 
ing out  of  the  Civil  War  strife,  the  mingling  of  the  organizations 
during  the  Spanish  trouble  from  the  North  and  South  furnished  the 
opportunity,  and  now  from  all  parts  of  our  glorious  nation,  comes 
the  universal  acclaim,  “one  country  and  one  flag.”  The  union  of 
states,  the  union  of  hearts,  and  a union  of  adoration  of  the  stars 
and  stripes  forever.  Reference  has  been  made  and  eulogy  paid  to 
the  commanding  generals.  Very  properly  so.  Likewise  the  man 
behind  the  gun  has  received  due  and  very  proper  recognition,  and 
yet  there  has  been  to  my  mind  an  oversight — not  intentional  at  all — 
of  the  strongest  element  that  entered  into  the  contest  on  both  sides 
— woman,  from  whom  came  all  the  loyalty,  the  inspiration,  devotion 
to  the  flag  we  followed,  and  for  which  we  bravely  fought.  Mother 
— Oh  ! for  the  gift  to  portray  to  you  the  full  meaning  of  what  she 
was.  is,  and  e\rer  Avill  be.  Could  I but  speak  the  magic  word  in  all 
its  loving  tenderness,  or  had  I the  tongue  of  the  gifted  orator  to 
adorn  my  expression  with  choicest  ornaments  of  the  language,  1 
would  fall  far  short  of  giving  full  and  just  due  to  the  wonderful 
influence  of  woman  in  shaping  the  destiny  of  the  contending  forces. 
Mother  it  was  that  rocked  the  cradle,  who  taught  us  to  lisp  the  lov- 
ing word — who  instructed  us  in  taking  our  first  step  in  babyhood, 
and  who  ever  afterwards  would  have  guided  us  along  life’s  pathway 
aright.  To  her  is  due  the  credit  for  creating  in  hearts,  love  and 
affection.  It  was  she  who  told  us  our  first  1oat>  was  to  be  for  our 
Creator,  and  our  second  for  our  country  and  its  flag.  From  her 
sprang  our  patriotism,  our  deA'otion.  Mother  told  us  to  be  brave, 
good  and  true.  Mother  gavfe  us  to  the  cause  and  followed  us  to 
camp,  on  the  march,  in  the  bivouac,  at  the  “battle  front  when  their 
fireest  charge  they  made,”  she  whispered,  he  brave,  be  steady. 
Mother’s  letters  kept  us  up.  Sweetly  has  been  sung  to  us.  “Just 
before  the  battle,  mother.  I am  thinking  most  of  you,”  and  “Oh. 
you  will  not  forget  me,  mother,  if  I’m  numbered  with  the  slain.” 
Appropriately  also  might  have  been  sung.  “In  the  prison  pen  I sit 
thinking  mother,  dear,  of  you  and  our  bright  and  happy  home  so  far 
away;  and  mine  eA’es  they  well  with  tears,  in  spite  of  all  that  I can 
do.  th-  n'Tb  I trv  to  cheer  my  comrades  and  be  gay.”  Mother,  ever 
present  in  spirit  as  a guardian  angel,  directing,  controlling.  The 


Dedication  Cere  monies. 


465 


boy,  recognizing  at  all  times,  in  all  places,  under  the  most  trying- 
conditions.  the  influence  of  mother.  Mother  on  the  battlefield,  in 
the  midst  of  the  fight,  encouraging — in  the  hospital  blessing  and 
alleviating  pain.  In  death  it  was  mother’s  voice  that  gave  the  final 
blessing  and  words  of  consolation.  Angel  mother,  may  the  God  of 
heaven  give  you  constant  companionship  and  support  in  life,  and 
in  the  world  to  come  a crown. 

There  is  another  to  whom  great  and  .just  credit  is  due — the  wife. 
In  the  buoyancy  of  youth  we  could  leave  parents — but  parting  from 
her,  whom  we  had  vowed  to  love,  honor,  and  protect  through  life  and 
until  death  do  us  part,  was  very  different.  Wife  at  home  looking  after 
the  little  ones,  many  times  in  need  of  maintenance  and  subsistence, 
struggling  to  make  ends  meet.  Her  letters  full  of  hope,  and  yet 
she  could  not  conceal  that  all  was  not  just  right  at  liome—‘  ‘ So  lone- 
some without  you.  Oh,  won’t  this  cruel  war  soon  end.  so  that  you 
can  return  to  home  and  little  ones;”  and  then  brighten  up  in  her 
letters  and  cheer  you  on.  You  could  not  do  anything  but  your 
duty,  for  wife  told  you  and  wanted  you  to  do  so.  The  wife  had  a 
most  important  part  in  the  struggle  and  was  a most  potent  factor 
therein. 

There  is  yet  one  other  just  as  conspicuous,  just  as  strong,  just 
as  inspiring  and  hopeful — ‘‘The  girl  I left  behind  me.”  What 
influence  she  exerted,  no  man  can  justly  estimate.  AVhen  you 
parted  and  she  watched  you  wend  your  way  down  the  road,  you 
could  not  refrain  from  looking  back,  nor  restrain  a tear — she  loved 
you  and  you  reciprocated ; a vow  had  been  plighted,  to  be  consum- 
mated when  you  returned  from  the  war.  You  could  not,  you 
would  not.  be  other  than  brave  and  true  and  endure  for  the  cause 
you  espoused,  for  she  wanted  it  so,  and  you  would  not  fail  her. 
Where  duty  called  you  would  be  found  for  her  sake.  In  the  thick- 
est of  the  fight — you  felt  the  little  locket  wherein  was  a likeness 
of  her  sweet  face  pressing  your  heart.  How  could  it  be  otherwise 
than  that  your  service  should  be  honest  and  faithful.  Give  full 
measure  of  credit  to  the  generals,  the  colonels  and  all  who  com- 
manded. and  issue  full  rations  of  praise  for  the  man  behind  the 
gun.  but  all  praise  and  all  honor  now,  henceforth  and  forevermore 
to  woman,  and  her  proper  place  in  war  as  well  as  peace. 

And  now.  Governor  and  Airs.  Noel,  we  from  the  good  old 
Hoosier  State  have  come  down  to  call  on  you  Mississippians.  We 
have  tested  your  hospitality  and  like  and  appreciate  it.  but,  lest 
you  may  think  our  appreciation  is  only  in  words,  won’t  you  return 


[30] 


466 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


our  call,  pull  our  historic  latcli-string  and  give  us  the  very  great 
pleasure  of  doing  the  rest? 


BENEDICTION. 

REV.  W.  T.  STOTT. 

“May  the  benediction  of  God,  the  everlasting  Father,  and  His 
Son,  the  Prince  of  Peace,  and  the  guidance  and  inspiration  of  the 
Holy  Ghost,  be  with  you  all,  now  and  evermore.  Amen.” 


Appropriation  Act. 


Senator  Hanna  introduced  the  bill  providing  for  an  appropria- 
tion to  cover  the  cost  of  the  publication  of  the  report  of  the  Com- 
mission on  February  12,  1909,  and  this  act  was  approved  by 
Governor  Hanly,  March  5,  1909. 

AX  ACT  to  provide  tor  an  appropriation  to  the  Indiana  Vicksburg  Military 
Park  Commission  for  the  purpose  of  the  publication  of  the  report  of 
said  Commission,  and  the  ceremonies  held  when  the  Indiana  monu- 
ments were  dedicated,  and  delivered  to  the  United  States  government. 

(S.  350.  Approved  March  5,  1909.) 

Preamble. 

"Whereas,  The  Legislature  of  Indiana,  by  an  act  approved 
March  2,  1907,  provided  for  the  appointment  of  commissioners  to 
procure  and  supervise  the  erection  of  monuments  in  the  Vicksburg 
National  Park,  as  memorials  for  the  organizations  of  Indiana  sol- 
diers who  took  part  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  in  the 
year  1863,  and  to  perform  all  other  duties  naturally  incident  and 
pertaining  thereto,  and  making  an  appropriation  therefor ; and, 
Whereas,  The  commissioners  who  were  appointed  according  to 
the  provisions  of  said  act  have  procured  and  had  erected  the  monu- 
ments provided  for  in  said  act.  and  have  provided  for  the  dedica- 
tion of  the  same,  which  was  done  December  29,  1908,  and  have  made 
a report  to  the  Governor  of  the  doings  of  said  commissioners;  and, 
Whereas,  There  is  no  fund  provided  for  the  payment  of  the 
expenses  of  the  publication  in  book  form  of  the  report  of  said 
Commission,  together  with  the  histories  of  the  various  Indiana 
organizations  that  participated  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Missis- 
sippi. 

Appropriation — Vicksburg  Commission. 

Section  1.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State 
of  Indiana,  That  there  is  hereby  appropriated  out  of  any  fund  in 
the  state  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  the  sum  of  three 
thousand  dollars  ($3,000)  or  so  much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary 
to  pay  the  expenses  of  the  publication  of  the  report  of  the  Indiana 
Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission,  the  ceremonies  of  the  dedi- 


(467) 


468 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


cation  of  the  histories  of  the  various  Indiana  organizations  which 
participated  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  in  the  year 
1863,  with  such  illustrations  as  may  be  proper,  and  to  pay  the  ex- 
penses of  the  distribution  of  the  copies  of  said  report.  Said  sum  to 
be  available  on  and  after  June  1,  1909. 

Governor’s  Powers. 

Sec.  2.  The  commission  in  the  publication  of  said  report,  and 
distribution  of  the  same,  shall  be  subject  to  the  direction  and  con- 
trol of  the  Governor,  to  whom  said  Commission  shall  report,  as 
directed  by  said  Governor,  who  shall  have  the  power  of  removal 
and  appointment  so  long  as  the  Commission  shall  continue  its 
service : Provided,  That  in  the  distribution  of  said  report,  five 
copies  of  such  report  shall  be  delivered  to  each  member  of  the  Leg- 
islature. 

Compensation. 

Sec.  3.  Said  Commission  shall  serve  without  pay  other  than 
actual  expenses  necessary  to  the  discharge  of  their  duties:  Pro- 
vided, however , That  one  of  the  members  thereof  may  be  employed 
for  a reasonable  compensation  to  perform  service  for  said  Commis- 
sion if  such  Commission  shall  deem  such  employment  advanta- 
geous : Provided,  however,  That  any  such  employment  shall  be 
in  writing,  and  to  be  binding  shall  have  the  consent  and  approval 
of  the  Governor  endorsed  thereon. 

Discontinuance  of  Service. 

Sec.  4.  When  the  work  of  the  Commission  is  done,  or,  in  the 
judgment  of  the  Governor,  it  is  no  longer  expedient  to  continue  it, 
it  shall  be  discontinued  by  the  Governor,  whereon  all  contracts  must 
be  closed  out,  a complete  report  made  to  the  Governor,  all  debts 
paid,  and  any  balance  remaining  unexpended  shall  be  returned  to 
the  general  fund  of  the  State. 


Acknowledgment. 


In  the  preparation  of  this  volume,  the  Indiana-Vicksburg  Mili- 
tary Park  Commission  gratefully  acknowledges  its  obligation  to 
Capt.  W.  T.  Rigby,  chairman  of  the  National  Commission,  for  data 
concerning  the  park,  the  siege  and  defense,  the  historic  tablets,  and 
the  map  in  the  cover. 

To  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  Company,  for  the  use  of  the 
half-tones  of  the  views  in  the  park  and  cemetery. 

To  Col.  C.  C.  Schreeder.  for  the  photograph  of  the  dedication 
ceremonies. 


(*69) 


List  of  Illustrations. 


PAGE 

Abraham  Lincoln  Frontispiece 

Governor  T.  R.  Marshall 6 

Indiana  Vicksburg  Military  Park  Commission 10 

Landscape  in  the  Park 14 

Union  Navy  Tablet 17 

Observation  Tower  IS 

Bridge  on  Union  Avenue 20 

Main  Entrance,  National  Cemetery 22 

A Driveway  in  the  Cemetery 22 

A Bit  of  Scenery  in  the  Cemetery 23 

Peace 24 

Indiana  Circle  26 

Map  Illustrating  Movements  Leading  up  to  the  Investment  of  Vicksburg  28 

Confederate  Railroad  Redoubt 36 

Union  Position  Tablet 42 

Bridge  on  Union  Avenue 51 

Confederate  Gun,  Trench  and  Tablet 58 

Confederate  South  Fort,  Looking  North 70 

Gun  of  1st  Indiana  Light  Artillery 77 

Mint  Spring  Bayou 86 

Confederate  South  Fort.  Looking  South 92 

Shirley  House  During  the  Siege 100 

Shirley  House  in  1868 110 

Shirley  House  Before  Restoration 120 

Rear  of  Shirley  Plouse  After  Restoration 128 

Shirley  House  After  Restoration 134 

Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant 142 

Maj.  Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman 156 

Surrender  Monument  170 

A Bivouac  of  the  Dead 178 

View  from  Connecting  Avenue 184 

Confederate  Howitzer  190 

Indiana  State  Seal 197 

Monument  of  8th  Infantry 198 

Monument  of  11th  Infantry 20S 

Monument  of  12th  Infantry 218 

Monument  of  16th  Infantry 224 

Monument  of  18th  Infantry 234 

Monument  of  23d  Infantry 240 

Monument  of  24th  Infantry 258 

Monument  of  26th  Infantry 266 


(470) 


List  op  Illustrations.  471 

PAGE 

Monument  of  34th  Infantry 272 

Monument  of  46th  Infantry 276 

Monument  of  47th  Infantry  28S 

Monument  of  48th  Infantry  294 

Monument  of  49th  Infantry  29S 

Monument  of  53d  Infantry  304 

Monument  of  54th  Infantry  314 

Monument  of  59th  Infantry  318 

Monument  of  60th  Infantry  324 

Monument  of  67tli  Infantry  . ...  32S 

Monument  of  69th  Infantry  336 

Monument  of  83d  Infantry  352 

Monument  of  93d  Infantry  364 

Monument  of  97th  Infantry  370 

Monument  of  99th  Infantry  376 

Monument  of  100th  Infantry  3S2 

Mounment  of  1st  Battery  Light  Artillery  3S8 

Monument  of  6th  Battery  Light  Artillery  392 

Monument  of  Co.  C,  First  Cavalry  396 

Monument  of  Co.  C,  Fourth  Cavalry  400 

Indiana  Regimental  Marker  404 

Dedication  Ceremonies  432 

Hon  J.  Frank  Hanly 440 

Captain  Wm.  T.  Rigby  450 

Governor  E.  F.  Noel.  Mississippi 454 

Mrs.  E.  F.  Noel  45S 

lion.  IV.  T.  Durbin  462 


Index, 


PAGE 


Adams.  Henry  C.,  Memorial 13 

Army,  Johnston's — Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston  129 

Breckenridge’s  Division  129 

French’s  Division  130 

Boring’s  Division  132 

Walker’s  Division  134 

Cavalry  Division  136 

Reserve  Artillery  137 


Army  of  the  Tennessee.  Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant 63 

Escort  63 

Engineers 63 

Gunboat  detachment  63,111,112 

Ninth  Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  John  G.  Parke 64 

Artillery  Reserve  64 

First  Division  64 

Second  Division  65 

Thirteenth  Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  John  A.  McClernand.  Maj.  Gen.  Ed- 
ward O.  C.  Ord  66 

Ninth  Division  67 

Tenth  Division  70 

Twelfth  Division  73 

Fourteenth  Division  75 

Fifteenth  Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman 78 

First  Division  78 

Second  Division  81 

Third  Division  85 


Sixteenth  Corps  (Detachment),  Maj.  Gen.  C.  C.  Washburn 88 

First  Division  89 

Fourth  Division  90 

Provisional  Division  92 

Seventeenth  Corps,  Maj.  Gen.  .T.  P>.  McPherson  93 

Third  Division  94 

Sixth  Division  9S 

Seventh  Division  103 

Herron’s  Division,  Maj.  Geu.  F.  J.  Herron 106 

Cavalry  (unattached)  107 

District  N.  E.  Louisiana 10S 

Milliken’s  Bend,  Post  of  108 

Goodrich’s  Landing,  Post  of Ill 


(472) 


Index. 


473 


PAGE 

Army  of  Vicksburg,  Gen.  .John  C.  Pemberton  112 

Stevenson's  Division  113 

Maury's-Foruey’s  Division  116 

Smith's  Division  US 

Foruey’s-Bowen’s  Division  123 

Want’s  Texas  Legion  125 

River  Batteries  126 

Miscellaneous  129 

Assault,  May  19 33,159.186 

Assault,  May  22 33,  160, 187 

Batteries,  Confederate  39 

Batteries,  Running  ot  147 

Big  Black  River  Bridge,  Battle  of 32,158,185 

Canals  143, 144 

Casualties,  General  Summary,  March  29-July  4 40 

Casualties,  Summary  Union  Forces,  May  1-July  4 172 

Casualties,  Indiana.  March  29-July  4 405 

Cemetery,  National  23 

Champion’s  Hill,  Battle  of 31, 154, 185 

Cincinnati,  sinking  of 39 

Commands,  Summary  of  Confederate  139 

Commands,  Summary  of  Union  138 

Commission,  Report  of  the — 

Act  of  1903 406 

First  report  of  the  Commission,  determine  location  of  monuments.  407 
Act  of  1907,  authorizing  appointment  of  a Commission  to  construct 

the  monuments  . 414 

Second  report  of  the  Commission 418 

Agreement  between  Commission  and  Designer 421 

Specifications  for  monuments  and  markers 422 

Bid  of  Angola  Monument  Co 425 

Bid  of  American  Bronze  Foundry  Co 426 

Contract  with  Angola  Monument  Co 426 

Contract  with  American  Bronze  Foundry  Co 429 

Financial  Report  431 

Act  providing  for  the  publication  of  report 467 

Dedication  Ceremonies — 

Departure  of  special  train 433 

Reception  at  Vicksburg 433 

Program  of  Ceremonies 433 

Invocation  434 

Address  of  President  Adams 435 

Speech  of  Governor  Hanly  441 

Speech  of  Captain  W.  T.  Rigby 451 

Address  of  Governor  Noel,  of  Mississippi 455 

Address  of  Mrs.  Noel  459 

Speech  of  Colonel  W.  T.  Durbm 463 


474  Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 

Grand  Gulf  38, 148, 180 

Grant,  Correspondence  with  Pemberton  107 

Grant,  Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.,  Report  of 143 

Indiana  Circle  27 

Indiana  Commands,  Designation  of  405 

Indiana  Commands,  Histories  of — 

Stli  Infantry  199 

11th  Infantry 209 

12tli  Infantry  219 

10th  Infantry  225 

18th  Infantry  235 

23d  Infantry  241 

24th  Infantry  259 

2Gth  Infantry  267 

34tli  Infantry  273 

46th  Infantry  277 

47th  Infantry  289 

48th  Infantry 295 

49th  Infantry  299 

53d  Infantry  305 

54th  Infantry  315 

59th  Infantry  319 

60th  Infantry  325 

67th  Infantry  329 

69th  Infantry 337 

83d  Infantry  353 

93d  Infantry  365 

97tli  Infantry  371 

99th  Infantry  377 

100th  Infantry 383 

1st  Battery,  Light  Artillery  389 

6th  Battery,  Light  Artillery  393 

Co.  C,  1st  Cavalry  397 

Co.  C,  4th  Cavalry  401 

Indiana  commands,  Reference  to — 

8th  Infantry  54,  75,  375. 176. 177, 179,  388, 190 

11th  Iufantry  73,175,179,183,185 

12th  Infantry  89, 192 

16th  Infantry  55,  71, 176, 185 

18th  Infantry  54,  75, 174, 175,  3 76,  177, 179, 188, 189, 190 

23d  Infantry  50,51,95,174,176,178,179,181.185,193 

24th  Infantry  73,175,179,183,184,185 

26th  Infantry  107,193 

34th  Infantry  73, 174, 175, 179, 183, 185 

46th  Infantry  73,176,177,179,183,185 

47th  Infantry  74, 176, 177,  179, 1S5 

48th  Infantry  56,103,176,181,185 

49th  Infantry  61,67,173,174,176,178,179 

53d  Infantry  91,192 


Index. 


475 


PAGE 

54th  Infantry  6S,  176 

59th  Infantry  56, 103, 176, 1S1, 182, 185, 191 

60th  Infantry  71, 176 

67th  Infantry  55,71,176,191 

69th  Infantry  61,67,173,174,176,178,179,185.190 

S3d  Infantry  43.  82, 181 

93d  Infantry  43, 85, 181 

97th  Infantry  90,  176, 192 

99th  Infantry  90, 192 

100th  Infantry  89, 192 

1st  Battery.  Artillery 77,175.177 

6th  Battery.  Artillery  S9, 192 

Co.  C,  1st  Cavalry  73.176 

Co.  C,  4th  Cavalry 70 

Indiana  Soldier  at  Vicksburg 173 

Introductory  11 

Jackson,  Battle  of  30, 152, 181 

Line,  Union  34, 163 

Liue,  Confederate  37 

McGinnis,  George  F..  Memorial 12 

Navy,  Union  38, 187 

Park,  Vicksburg  National  Military 15 

Pemberton,  Correspondence  with  Grant 167 

Port  Gibson,  Battle  of 29, 14S.  176 

Prsitions,  Confederate — 

Baldwin's  Brigade,  May  22 45 

Cockrell's  Brigade.  May  19 46 

Green’s  Brigade,  small  redan  on  left  of,  May  19 47 

Green's  Brigade,  right  of  47 

Hebert’s  Brigade  46 

Lee's  Brigade,  small  work  on  line  of  61.  62 

Lee's  Brigade,  small  work  on  right  of 62 

Lee’s  Brigade,  Fort  Garrott  62 

Lunette  on  left  of  Stockdale,  May  19 46 

Lunette  on  Right  of  Baldwin’s  Ferry  Road 57 

Redan,  3d  Louisiana  52 

Redoubt.  Great,  Right  of  Jackson  Road 54 

Redoubt,  Railroad  60 

Shoup’s  Brigade,  May  22 45 

Stockade  Redan.  May  19 46 

Work  on  left  of  Hall’s  Ferry  Road 62 

Positions,  Union — 

Benton’s  Brigade,  May  22 54 

Boomer’s  Brigade,  May  22 54,57 

Buekland’s  Brigade,  May  19  and  22 43 

Burbridge's  Brigade,  May  22 55 

Crater,  Affair  of 51.193 

Ewing's  Brigade.  May  19  41 


Indiana  at  Vicksburg. 


47  G 


PAGE 

Ewing's  Brigade,  May  22  47 

Landram’s  Brigade,  May  22 59 

Lawler’s  Brigade,  May  22 58 

Leggett’s  Brigade  51 

Manter’s  Brigade,  May  22 44 

Mattliie’s  Brigade,  May  22 48 

Mower's  Brigade,  May  22 4S 

Osterhaus’  Division,  May  22 (51 

Ransom's  Brigade,  May  19 44 

Ransom’s  Brigade,  May  22 49 

Sanborn’s  Brigade,  May  22 55,56 

Smith’s  (G.  A.)  Brigade,  May  19 41 

Smith’s  (G.  A.)  Brigade,  May  22 49 

Smith’s  (J.  E.)  Brigade,  May  22 50 

Smith’s  (T.  K.)  Brigade,  May  19 43 

Stevenson's  Brigade,  May  22 53 

Thayer's  Brigade,  May  22 44 

Wood’s  Brigade,  May  22 44 

Raymond,  Battle  of 30,151,180 

Richmond  39 

Siege  37, 192 

Surrender  163,  194 

Transmittal,  letter  of 7 


* 


TO  P O GRAPH  I CAL  MAP 

OF  THE 

Vicksburg  National  Military  Park 

Prepared  from  the 

Park  Commission's  Official  Map, 

IND1ANA-VICKSBURG  PARK  COMMISSION. 

f?  D 8etts.  Park  Engineer  . 


